Unit5单元重点语法讲练 2024-2025学年外研版七年级英语下册
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词和副词的比较级
（1）用法
大多数形容词或副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。其中比较级表示"更......"，用于两者之间的比较，说明"前者比后者更(不)......"。
（2）构成
① 规则变化
| 类别 | 构成方法 | 示例 |
| 单音节和少数双音节单词 | 一般词尾加er | tall—taller fast—faster |
| | 以字母e结尾的词直接加r | large—larger late—later |
| | 以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写该字母，再加－er | big—bigger hot—hotter |
| | 以"辅音字母+y"结尾，先把y变成i,再加－er | busy—busier early—earlier |
| 大部分双音节和多音节单词 | 在单词前加more | careful—more careful carefully—more carefully |
② 不规则变化
| 原级 | 比较级 | 原级 | 比较级 |
| good, well | better | little | less |
| bad/ill, badly | worse | far | farther/further |
（3）比较级前常用句型
1. "A+be+形容词比较级+than+B"或"A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B"表示：A比B......
I am older than you. 我比你大。
I run faster than Jim. 我跑得比吉姆快。
2. A+be+形容词比较级+than +any other+可数名词单数+in...，表示：在某一范围内A比其他任何一个人/物都......
Tom is thinner than any other boy in his class. 汤姆比他班里其他任何男孩都瘦。
3. A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two...，表示：A是两者中较......的。
He is the taller of the two. 他是两个人中较高的。
4. the+比较级...，the+比较级...，表示：越......，就越......
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越仔细，你犯的错误就越少。
The harder you study, the better you will perform in the exams. 你学习越努力，在考试中就会表现得越好。
5. "比较级+and+比较级"或"more and more+多音节和部分双音节形容词"表示：越来越......
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful and our life is getting better and better. 我们的国家正变得越来越美丽，我们的生活正变得越来越好。
6. 疑问词+be+形容词比较级，A or B？表示：A和B，......更......？
Which is bigger, the earth or the moon？地球和月球哪一个更大？
7. 疑问词+行为动词+副词比较级，A or B？表示：A和B，......更......？
Who writes more carefully, Jenny or Danny？珍妮和丹尼谁写得更认真？
2. 形容词和副词的最高级
（1）用法
当我们要将三个或三个以上的事物进行比较时，可以用形容词或副词的最高级形式来表达。"the+形容词/副词的最高级+of/in/among..."是经常使用的形式，of/in/among...表示范围，形容词最高级前常加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。
构成
① 规则变化
| 类别 | 构成方法 | 示例 |
| 单音节和少数双音节单词 | 一般在词尾加est | old—oldest fast—fastest |
| | 以字母e结尾的词直接加st | nice—nicest late—latest |
| | 以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写该字母，再加est | big—biggest hot—hottest |
| | 以"辅音字母+y"结尾，先把y变成i,再加est | busy—busiest early—earliest |
| 大部分双音节和多音节单词 | 在单词前加most | careful—most careful carefully—most carefully |
② 不规则变化
| 原级 | 最高级 | 原级 | 最高级 |
| good, well | best | little | least |
| bad/ill, badly | worst | far | farthest/furthest |
③ 关于最高级的两个结构
1. "one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"结构表示"最......的......之一"。
He is one of the youngest students in my class. 他是我班里年龄最小的学生之一。
2. "the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数"结构表示"第几......的......"。
Hainan Island is the second biggest island in China. 海南岛是中国第二大岛。
习题部分
一、填空题
1. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one.
2. She sings ______ (beautifully) in our class.
3. The ______ (much) you practice, the ______ (good) your English will be.
4. Beijing is one of ______ (large) cities in China.
5. This problem is ______ (difficult) than I thought.
二、选择题
1. Which is correct
A. He runs more fast than me.
B. He runs faster than me.
C. He runs fast than me.
D. He runs more faster than me.
2. "This is ______ movie I've ever seen."
A. the more exciting
B. the most exciting
C. the excitingest
D. most exciting
3. The weather is getting ______.
A. cold and cold
B. colder and colder
C. more and more cold
D. more cold and more cold
4. Which sentence is correct
A. She is the taller of the two sisters.
B. She is the tallest of the two sisters.
C. She is taller of the two sisters.
D. She is the more tall of the two sisters.
5. Mount Qomolangma is ______ mountain in the world.
A. the higher
B. the most high
C. the highest
D. the most highest
三、改错题
找出并改正下列句子中的错误：
1. This box is more heavy than that one.
2. She is the most smart student in our class.
3. The more you eat, the fat you will become.
4. This is one of the most beautiful place I've ever seen.
5. He works more harder than his brother.
四、句型转换
按要求改写句子：
Tom is taller than any other student in his class. (改为最高级)
This river is the longest in China. (改为比较级)
The more you read, the more knowledge you will get. (改为否定句)
Shanghai is larger than Beijing. (改为疑问句)
She is the most careful girl in our group. (改为比较级)
五、翻译题
将下列句子翻译成英语：
这是我见过的最漂亮的日落。
你练习得越多，进步就越快。
他是班上所有学生中最用功的。
这本书比那本有趣得多。
5. 天气变得越来越暖和了。
六、综合应用题
根据提示完成句子：
1. (good) This is ______ movie I've ever seen.
2. (careful) You should be ______ with your homework.
3. (interesting) The story gets ______ as it goes on.
4. (many) The ______ books you read, the ______ knowledge you will gain.
5. (old) My brother is two years ______ than me.
答案部分
一、填空题
1. more interesting
2. the most beautifully
3. more, better
4. the largest
5. more difficult
二、选择题
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. C
三、改错题
1. more heavy → heavier
2. most smart → smartest
3. fat → fatter
4. place → places
5. more harder → harder
四、句型转换
1. Tom is the tallest student in his class.
2. This river is longer than any other river in China.
3. The less you read, the less knowledge you will get.
4. Is Shanghai larger than Beijing
5. She is more careful than any other girl in our group.
五、翻译题
1. This is the most beautiful sunset I've ever seen.
2. The more you practice, the faster you will improve.
3. He is the most hardworking among all the students in his class.
4. This book is much more interesting than that one.
5. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
六、综合应用题
1. the best
2. more careful
3. more and more interesting
4. more, more
5. older
