人教新目标 Go For It 八年级英语下册
Unit 1 What`s the matter？练习题
单词拼写。
My back is so s______（疼痛的） after sitting for a long time.
She has a sore t______（喉咙） and can't speak loudly.
The little boy cut his f______（手指） when he was playing with the knife.
If you have a headache, you can try to r______（休息） for a while.
Don't worry. It's just a s______（小的） problem.
The man got h______（击；打） by a falling stone on his way home.
She took my temperature and found that I had a f______（发烧） of 39℃.
There is a b______（出血） on his knee. We need to stop it quickly.
You'd better not l______（抬；举） heavy things if your arm is hurt.
After running for an hour, I was out of b______（呼吸）.
英汉互译
躺下休息______
看牙医______
陷入麻烦______
多亏；由于______
掌管；管理______
have a backache______
be in control of______
get sunburned______
give up______
put some medicine on______
三、词性转换。
foot（名词）→______（复数）脚
knife（名词）→______（复数）刀
act（动词）→______（名词）行动；行为
sick（形容词）→______（名词）病人
she（主格）→______（反身代词）她自己
train（动词）→______（名词）训练
different（形容词）→______（名词）不同；差异
help（动词）→______（形容词）有帮助的
brave（形容词）→______（名词）勇敢
close（动词）→______（名词）结束；关闭
四、单项选择。
1—______ the matter with your sister —She has a cold.
A. What's
B. Who's
C. Where's
D. When's
2.You should ______ more water when you have a fever.
A. drinks
B. drinking
C. to drink
D. drink
3.—What did you do when you saw the accident —I called 120 ______.
A. right away
B. far away
C. all right
D. by the way
4.The boy ______ off his bike and hurt his arm yesterday.
A. jumps
B. jumped
C. is jumping
D. will jump
5.She is used to ______ up early in the morning.
A. get
B. gets
C. getting
D. got
6.We must learn to protect ______ when we are in danger.
A. we
B. our
C. us
D. ourselves
7.______ nice weather it is! Let's go for a walk.
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
8.It's necessary for us ______ good habits.
A. develop
B. to develop
C. developing
D. developed
五、句型转换。
1.There is something wrong with my watch.（改为一般疑问句）
Is there ______ wrong with your watch
2.She had a toothache.（对划线部分提问）
What was ______ ______ her
3.You should lie down and rest.（改为祈使句）
______ ______ and rest.
4.He has a cough.（改为否定句）
He ______ ______ a cough.
5.I cut myself.（用 Tom 改写句子）
Tom ______ himself.
六、语法填空。
One sunny day, Lucy and her friends went to the park. They were playing happily when suddenly Lucy 1.______ (feel) dizzy. She sat down on the bench quickly. Her friends came over and asked, “What's 2.______ (happen), Lucy ” She said her head 3.______ (ache) badly.
One of her friends, Tom, remembered that his mother was a doctor. He called his mother at once. His mother told them to take Lucy's temperature. It was a bit high. Then she suggested 4.______ (take) Lucy to the hospital.
At the hospital, the doctor examined Lucy carefully. He said Lucy didn't drink enough water and was a little tired. He gave her some medicine and asked her 5.______ (drink) more water and have a good rest. After taking the medicine, Lucy 6.______ (feel) much better.
From then on, Lucy learned a lesson. She always 7.______ (remember) to drink enough water and take care of herself. And she also told her friends 8.______ (do) the same.
Now, whenever they go out, they always bring some water with them. They hope nothing bad 9.______ (occur) again. They 10.______ (enjoy) their outdoor activities while staying healthy.
阅读理解。
A
A young man was walking in the street. He was looking at his phone and not paying attention to the road. Suddenly, he tripped over a stone and fell down. He felt a sharp pain in his ankle（脚踝）. He tried to stand up but couldn't.
A kind woman passing by saw him. She immediately stopped and asked, “What's the matter, young man ” The man said, “I think I sprained（扭伤） my ankle.” The woman helped him sit on the side of the road and took out her phone to call an ambulance.
While waiting for the ambulance, the woman comforted the man and told him not to worry. A few minutes later, the ambulance came and took the man to the hospital. The doctors treated his ankle and told him to rest for a few days.
Thanks to the kind woman, the man got timely help. He was very grateful to her.
1.What was the young man doing when he fell down
A. Talking with a friend.
B. Looking at his phone.
C. Running in the street.
D. Buying something.
2.What was wrong with the young man
A. He had a headache.
B. He sprained his ankle.
C. He cut his finger.
D. He had a backache.
3.What did the woman do first
A. She called an ambulance.
B. She helped the man stand up.
C. She asked the man some questions.
D. She comforted the man.
4.How did the man feel about the woman
A. Angry.
B. Indifferent.
C. Grateful.
D. Sad.
5.What can we learn from this story
A. We should always look at our phones.
B. We should help others when they are in trouble.
C. We should run in the street.
D. We should not go out alone.
B
Do you know how to deal with common illnesses at home If you have a cold, you can drink hot tea with ginger（姜） and lemon. It can help relieve（缓解） your symptoms（症状）. If you have a cough, you can make a honey cough syrup（糖浆）. Mix honey and warm water and drink it several times a day.
For a headache, you can try to relax and lie down in a quiet place. You can also put a cold compress（冷敷布） on your forehead. If you have a stomachache, avoid eating spicy（辛辣的） and greasy（油腻的） foods. Eat some light and easy-to-digest foods like porridge.
In addition, it's important to keep good living habits. Get enough sleep, exercise regularly and wash your hands frequently. These can help you stay healthy and prevent illnesses.
6.What can you drink if you have a cold
A. Hot coffee with milk.
B. Cold juice.
C. Hot tea with ginger and lemon.
D. Beer.
7.How can you make a honey cough syrup
A. Mix honey and cold water.
B. Mix honey and warm water.
C. Mix honey and salt water.
D. Mix honey and vinegar.
8.What should you do if you have a headache
A. Go to a noisy place.
B. Watch TV all day.
C. Relax and lie down in a quiet place.
D. Eat a lot of junk food.
9.If you have a stomachache, you should avoid eating ______.
A. fruits
B. vegetables
C. spicy and greasy foods
D. porridge
10.What is the main idea of this passage
A. How to go to the hospital.
B. How to deal with common illnesses at home and keep healthy.
C. How to buy medicine.
D. How to make friends.
答案解析
一、单词拼写
sore：“疼痛的”，常用来形容身体部位的酸痛，如 back，throat 等，这里形容背疼。
throat：“喉咙”，have a sore throat 是 “喉咙痛” 的常用表达。
finger：“手指”，cut one's finger 意为 “割破某人的手指”。
rest：“休息”，try to do sth. 尝试做某事，后面接动词原形，这里指尝试休息一下缓解头疼。
small：“小的”，修饰 problem，说明问题不严重。
hit：“击；打”，get hit 表示 “被击中”，这里是被动语态，指被落石击中。
fever：“发烧”，have a fever 是固定搭配，发烧的常用表达。
bleeding：“出血”，这里是名词形式，there be 句型后接名词，指膝盖出血。
lift：“抬；举”，had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事，后面接动词原形，手臂受伤不宜抬重物。
breath：“呼吸”，out of breath 是固定短语，意为 “喘不过气来”，跑步一小时后会气喘吁吁。
二、英汉互译
lie down and rest：lie down 是 “躺下”，rest 是 “休息”，两者并列，意为 “躺下休息”。
see a dentist：dentist 是 “牙医”，see a dentist 就是 “看牙医”，去看牙齿方面的问题。
get into trouble：get into 有 “陷入” 的意思，trouble 是 “麻烦”，所以是 “陷入麻烦”。
thanks to：“多亏；由于”，用于引出原因，表示因为某人或某事而有好的结果。
be in control of：“掌管；管理”，be in control 强调处于掌控地位，of 后接掌控的对象。
have a backache：back 是 “背部”，ache 是 “疼痛”，组合起来就是 “背痛”。
be in control of：和上面英汉互译 5 重复，英语短语一样，意为 “掌管；控制”，在句中作谓语，说明某人掌控某事。
get sunburned：sun 是 “太阳”，burn 是 “燃烧，晒伤”，get 在这里是系动词，get sunburned 意为 “晒伤”。
give up：“放弃”，可以指放弃想法、计划、行动等，是常用短语。
put some medicine on：put sth. on 有 “把某物放在…… 上” 的意思，这里指 “敷一些药”，on 后接敷药的部位。
三、词性转换
feet：foot 的复数形式，特殊变化，oo 变为 ee，类似的还有 tooth - teeth。
knives：knife 的复数形式，以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，变复数时通常把 f 或 fe 变为 v，再加 es。
action：act 的名词形式，加 ion，很多动词变为名词时会加这个后缀，表示相关的动作或行为。
sick person：sick 是 “生病的”，表示 “病人” 时用 sick person，名词短语。
herself：she 的反身代词，当主语和宾语是同一人时用反身代词，这里指她自己。
training：train 作动词是 “训练”，加 ing 变成名词 “训练”，如 sports training 体育训练。
difference：different 的名词形式，去掉 ent，加 ence，类似的还有 importance（important）。
helpful：help 的形容词形式，加 ful，意为 “有帮助的”，用来修饰名词。
bravery：brave 的名词形式，去 e 加 ery，一些形容词变名词会有这种变化，如 slave（奴隶，形容词） - slavery（奴隶制，名词）。
closure：close 作动词是 “关闭”，加 ure 变成名词 “结束；关闭”，如 factory closure 工厂关闭。
四、单项选择
A：What's the matter with sb. 是固定句型，询问某人怎么了，这里询问妹妹怎么了，所以选 A。
D：should 为情态动词，后接动词原形，所以选 drink，意为发烧时应该多喝水。
A：right away 是 “立即；马上”，根据语境看到事故应马上打 120，far away 是 “遥远”，all right 是 “好吧”，by the way 是 “顺便说一下”，都不符合语境。
B：由 yesterday 可知是一般过去时，jump 的过去式是 jumped，指男孩昨天从自行车上摔下来。
C：be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，这里的 to 是介词，后面接动名词，指她习惯早起。
D：当主语和宾语是同一人时要用反身代词，这里指我们在危险中要保护自己，所以选 ourselves。
A：感叹句，weather 是不可数名词，用 What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + it is! 结构，所以选 A，意为天气真好。
B：It's + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是…… 的，是固定句型，这里指养成好习惯对我们来说是必要的，所以选 to develop。
五、句型转换
anything：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句和疑问句，这里改为一般疑问句，所以把 something 改为 anything。
wrong with：对 had a toothache 提问，就是问她怎么了，用 What was wrong with her，这是询问身体不适的常用句型。
Lie down：祈使句以动词原形开头，这里指让某人躺下休息，所以是 Lie down。
doesn't have：原句是一般现在时，主语是 He，否定句要借助助动词 doesn't，动词还原为原形 have，即他没有咳嗽。
cut：原句是一般过去时，主语变为 Tom，cut 的过去式和原形相同，所以还是 cut，意为 Tom 割伤了自己。
六、语法填空
felt：由 One sunny day 可知是一般过去时，feel 的过去式是 felt，指 Lucy 突然感到头晕。
happening：这里是过去进行时的特殊疑问句，结构是 What was + 主语 + doing，happen 的现在分词是 happening，问 Lucy 发生了什么事。
ached：宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也要用相应过去时态，ache 的过去式是 ached，指她头疼得厉害。
taking：suggest doing sth. 建议做某事，是固定搭配，这里指建议带 Lucy 去医院，所以用 taking。
to drink：ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，是固定搭配，医生要求她多喝水，所以用 to drink。
felt：根据语境，吃药后感觉好多了，还是描述过去的事情，用 feel 的过去式 felt。
remembers：由 From then on 可知，这里用一般现在时，主语是 She，动词用第三人称单数形式 remembers，指她总是记得多喝水。
to do：tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事，是固定搭配，她告诉朋友也这么做，所以用 to do。
occurs：hope 后面接宾语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语是 nothing，谓语动词用单数形式 occurs，希望不再有坏事发生。
enjoy：根据全文时态及语境，这里用一般现在时，主语是 They，动词用原形 enjoy，指他们享受户外活动的同时保持健康。
七、阅读理解
B：由 He was looking at his phone and not paying attention to the road. 可知年轻人摔倒时正在看手机，选 B。
B：根据 The man said, “I think I sprained（扭伤） my ankle.” 可知他扭伤了脚踝，选 B。
C：文中提到 She immediately stopped and asked, “What's the matter, young man ” 所以女人先问年轻人怎么了，选 C。
C：由 He was very grateful to her. 可知男人很感激女人，选 C。
B：文章讲述了女人帮助受伤年轻人的故事，告诉我们应该帮助有困难的人，选 B。
C：由 If you have a cold, you can drink hot tea with ginger（姜） and lemon. 可知感冒时可以喝加姜和柠檬的热茶，选 C。
B：根据 If you have a cough, you can make a honey cough syrup（糖浆）. Mix honey and warm water and drink it several times a day. 可知制作蜂蜜止咳糖浆是把蜂蜜和温水混合，选 B。
C：由 For a headache, you can try to relax and lie down in a quiet place. 可知头疼时可以放松并躺在安静的地方，选 C。
C：由 If you have a stomachache, avoid eating spicy（辛辣的） and greasy（油腻的） foods. 可知胃疼时应避免吃辛辣油腻食物，选 C。
B：文章先讲了在家应对常见疾病的方法，又强调了保持良好生活习惯的重要性，所以主旨是如何在家处理常见疾病以及保持健康，选 B。
