译林版英语七下 Unit 3 My hometown
Unit 3 My hometown
Unit 3 My hometown
第 3 课时 Grammar
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目标导航
重点词汇 体育场，运动场 n. 追溯到，始于 店主 n. 微笑，笑容 vi.vt.n. 三明治 n. 叶子 n. 飘动，挥手，波浪 vi/vt/n. 屋顶 n. 笼子 n. 躺，平卧，位于 vi
重点词组 市中心的一个广场 来自全国各地的人 传统的中国园林 鸟巢 在北京北部一个现在化体育场 北海公园
知识点睛
冠词 a, an, the 的用法
【用法详解】 一、冠词的位置
冠词位于名词前，对名词起限制作用，帮助指明名词的词义。
Did you see the photos I took in New Zealand 你看到我在新西兰拍的照片了吗？
There is a new house at the foot of the hill, near a lake. 山脚下有座房子，旁边还有个湖。二、冠词的分类
不定冠词 a/an
用于单数名词前，与 one 同源，表示微弱的“一”的概念，用来表示泛指，但不强调数目。
冠词
三、不定冠词 a/an 的用法及常用结构
不定冠词 a /an 的用法：不定冠词用在单数名词的前面，a 用在辅音开头的词前面； an 用在元音开头的词的前面。
用于单数可数名词前，表示“一”。
There is a dog lying on the ground.
不定冠词+可数名词单数可表示“一类人或一类物” Do you want to be a doctor like your father
An elephant is much stronger than a man.
表示“某个”。
A lady is waiting for you at the gate.
表示“每一”，相当于 every。
You’d better take the medicine after meals, three meals a day.
用于首次提及的人或事物，不特别指出是哪一个。
I have a cat. It is very cute.
用于 such a/an, quite a/an, half a/an, what a/an 等句式中。如：
She is such an honest girl that she never tells lies. What a nice cake!
用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”，相当于 another。
He failed twice, but he still wanted to try a third time. 他失败了两次，但他还想再试一次。四、定冠词 the 的用法及常用结构
表示特指的人或事物。
The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.
指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。
Look at the blackboard, Lily.
复述前面提到过的人或事物。
There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.
表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：
The earth travels around the sun.
在序数词和形容词最高级的前面以及对特定的两个人或事物进行对比时的比较级前。
Who is the first one to go / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth. He is the younger of the two boys.
常用在西洋乐器名称的前面。
He began to play the violin at the age of 5.
用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。
I want to go to the Himalaya Mountains.
用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。
He is from the United States of America.
用在姓氏之前表示一家人。
The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.
用在表示方位、身体部位的名词前面。如：
There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.
用于“世纪”的表达。
in the 1980s
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人。
the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the sick 病人 the good 好人五、零冠词的用法及常用结构
1. 零冠词的用法：
专有名词和（第一次使用）一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：
China is a very large country.（中国是个大国） Man needs air and water.
名词前已有以下限定词时不用冠词：this,that,these,those,my(及其他形容词性物主代词)，
whose, some,no, each,every 等。
My pen is much more expensive than yours.
月份、季节、周日、节假日（尤其是含有 Day 的节日名词）前一般不用。
He was born on Monday, February 18,1995. 他出生在 1995 年二月十八日，星期一。
They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.
On Children’s Day the boys often get presents from their parents.
（第一次使用）复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。
Men are cleverer than monkeys.（人比猴子聪明）
三餐饭前、.球类名词前一般不加冠词。
We have breakfast at home and lunch at school. The children play football on Saturday afternoons.
与 by 连用的交通工具前。
by train, by coach, by bus, by plane
【典例讲解】
( ) 1.— Could you please help me fetch my umbrella, the one with small ring.
Yes, of course.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
( ) 2.— Hi, Mike.You look great! Anything interesting
Yes, I watched exciting film. film is about a visit to the Moon. A.an; The B.a; The C.an; A D.the; The
【答案】A
( ) 3.My brother is 11-year-old boy.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
( ) 4.Jerry had to catch the early bus, so he had quick breakfast. A.the B.a C./ D.an
【答案】B
( ) 5.We went to restaurant for dinner last night. name of the restaurant was “Gold Dragon”.
A.a; A B.the; The C.a; The D.the; A
【答案】C
知识点 02 方位介词的用法
【用法详解】
介词 用法 举例
at 表示在某一点，后加较小的地点。如车站、机场、电影院、大门口；也可以放在表示集体活动的名词前。 at the bus stop, at home, at a meeting
in 表示在物体的内部；后也可接较大的地点，如国家、城市等。 in Nanjing, in China, in the world
on 表示在一个平面上。 on the farm, on the wall, on the second floor
over 指在 的正上方，表示垂直在上。对应词是 under。 There is a bridge over the river.
above 指位置高于 ，没有垂直关系；也可以表示 温度的高低。对应词是 below。 He lives four floors above me.
below 指位置低于 ，没有垂直关系；也可以表示 温度的高低。 The coat reaches below the knees.
under 指在 的正下方，表示垂直在下。 There are some balls under the bed.
in front of 在物体外面的前面 There are some trees in front of our house.
in the front of 在物体内部的前面 The teacher always stands in the front of the classroom.
behind 在...外部的后面 There is a girl behind the tree.
between... and... 在...和...之间 I am standing between my father and my mother.
along 沿着 He is taking a walk along the river.
【典例讲解】
( ) 1.Miss Li put some fresh fruit on the desk us and asked us to help . A.between; herself B.next to; herself
C.in the front of; ourselves D.in front of; ourselves
【答案】D
( ) 2.The town lies the coast, so it’s famous its wonderful beaches. A.in; for B.on; for C.in; as D.on; as
【答案】B
( ) 3.—Who is reading the sun over there
—A student Class One.
A.under; in B.over; from C.on; in D.in; from
【答案】D
( ) 4.The expiration date（保质期）is the bottom of the bottle. A.at B.on C.by D.in
【答案】A
( ) 5.—Where is the basketball
—It’s the floor(地板), the bed.
A.on; on B.on; under C.under; on D.under; under
【答案】B
1.It is big enough for 91000 people .
【精讲】enough 既可以做形容词，又可以做副词，意思为：足够地，充分地，用来修饰形容词或副词，放在形容词或副词的后面，用来修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面。
The hall is big enough to hold 1000 people. 这个礼堂足够大，可以容纳 1000 人。
Children in poor areas do not have enough money to buy books. 贫穷地区的孩子们没有足够的钱买书。
1. 形容词 / 副词 + enough to do sth ：足够做某事
He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大，可以去上学了。
I get up early enough to catch the train. 我起地足够早去赶火车。
【典例讲解】
( ) The restaurant is to hold hundreds of people for the luxurious wedding ceremony. But the problem is that we don’t have to rent it.
A.big enough, money enough B.enough big, enough money
C.big enough, enough money D.enough big, money enough
【答案】C
一．单项选择
( ) 1.Do you like playing violin or playing basketball A.the, / B.the, the C./, / D./, the
【答案】A
( ) 2.After class, we often play basketball for half hour. A.the; a B.the; an C./; a D./; an
【答案】D
( ) 3.He often has dinner with friends. They sometimes have great dinner. A./; / B.the; / C.a; a D./; a
【答案】D
( ) 4.Uncle George will go to Japan for important meeting next month. A.the; a B.the; an C./; a D./; an
【答案】D
( ) 5.—You can take underground to the museum.
—No, I will go there by bike.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the D.a; a
【答案】B
( ) 6.— Who is the girl pink
— Oh, She is Kelly. She sits me.
A.in, in front of B.with, besides
C.in, in the front of D.with, behind
【答案】A
( ) 7.—Did you have a great time the countryside, Bill
—Yes, I climbed the mountain there.
A.at B.in C.of D.with
【答案】B
( ) 8.The picture is the bed and it is the wall.
A.on; on B.above; above C.on; above D.above; on
【答案】D
( ) 9.They will arrive Nanjing the morning of August 7th. A.at; in B.in; on C.in; in D.at; on
【答案】B
( ) 10.Nanjing is the southwest of Jiangsu Province. Beijing is the northwest of Nanjing.
A.in; in B.in; to C.to; on D.to; in
【答案】B
一、阅读理解：
A
Read about what some Chinese people say about their neighbours.
In 2021, Typhoon In-Fa hits (袭击) my village. It rains for a long time. Our neighbourhood gets together and helps some families. A lady has nothing but her clothes. Luckily, she wears my mother’s size and the next day she has a small suitcase ( 手提箱) full of clothes and a pair of shoes.
Li Ming, from Hebei Two years ago, an old lady Mrs. Huang, needed someone to send her to hospital. So we started a volunteer project in our neighbourhood. Now, “Neighbours.on.wheels” gives a hand to
our old neighbours, by taking them to see the doctor.
Dong Jie, from Jiangsu My neighbour Mary is the best! I am surprised by her generosity. She often gives vegetables
to her neighbours. When my daughter is small, she gives her free weekly piano lessons because she knows they are too expensive for us to pay. She looks after my children when school is over.
Zhao Wenwen, from Shanghai I remember when my brothers and I are young and live in a small neighbourhood. I have the sweetest memories ( 回忆) of my neighbours. We are like a family. Mrs. Wang loves making cookies. On Saturday afternoon she always gives her cookies to children. And on Neighbours’ Day,
neighbours get together and everybody is happy!
（ ）1. What do Li Ming’s neighbours give to the poor lady
Gu Haishan, from Hunan
A. Kitchen tables. B. Small suitcases.
C. Food and drinks. D. Clothes and shoes.
（ ）2. Who can get help from the volunteer project “Neighbours.on.wheels”
A. Small kids. B. Little babies.
C. Poor people. D. Old people.
（ ）3. Why does Zhao Wenwen use “generosity” to introduce Mary
A. Because she is very good at playing the piano.
B. Because she often gives a helping hand to others.
C. Because she has lots of free time to do something fun.
D. Because she is rich enough to share her food with others.
（ ）4. Which of the following can you learn after reading this article
A. Volunteer projects are everywhere around China.
B. Rich neighbours are more popular than poor ones.
C. A good neighbour is better than a brother far away.
D. People in the same neighbourhood often get together.
【答案】23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C
B
ChatGPT, a smart AI chatbot (聊天机器人) tool, has changed the education world in the past months. According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of them have used ChatGPT to help with homework.
Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT is a powerful tool. You can ask it to write stories, create recipes, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions.
Some schools in the US, Australia and France have banned (禁止) the use of ChatGPT. In the US, for example, New York City public schools banned students and teachers from using ChatGPT on the district’s networks and devices.
The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework. Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread incorrect information.
“It does not build critical-thinking (批判性思维) and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for academic (学术的) and lifelong success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary of the New York City Department of Education.
Besides bans, teachers are making changes to their classes to stop the use of ChatGPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones.
However, not all educators say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are drafting (起草) policies on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no plans to completely ban the tool so far.
Bhaskar Vira, pro-vice-chancellor for education at the University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise. “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use. What we need to do is adapt our learning, teaching and examinations. That way, we can have integrity (诚信) while recognizing the use of the tool.”
（ ）1. How many uses of ChatGPT are mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
（ ）2. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of ChatGPT
A. It doesn’t improve the students’ skills in thinking critically and solving problems.
B. It will be much easier for students to cheat on homework while using it.
C. It may spread incorrect information from the Internet to the real world.
D. It can help to train students to speak and write more than to type.
（ ）3. What is Bhaskar Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT
It is not wise for people to ban the use of it completely.
The society won’t have integrity with its development.
People should make plans for the coming problems.
Not everyone will use this tool in the future.
（ ）4. What does the underlined word “adapt” in the last paragraph mean
A. 修改 B. 适应 C. 编写 D. 调整
（ ）5. Which is the best title for this text
A smart AI chatbot
ChatGPT: a good study tool
ChatGPT leads to storm in education
Can students use AI for homework
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C
二、六选五
Canada Geese ( 鹅) are large blue and white birds. When autumn arrives, they have to fly
south where the weather is warmer. 1 The birds will die if they stay there.
Last spring, Bill finds sixteen young Canada Geese on his farm. 2 Bill thinks, “These young birds won’t know what to do in the autumn.”
3 He decides to teach the birds to follow him. All through the summer, he goes on short trips in his plane and the young geese fly after him.
When the cold weather arrives in autumn, Bill flies to Virginia in the United States, 600 miles south of his home in Canada. 4 Bill leaves the geese in Virginia and he returns home.
This spring, Bill is waiting for the birds to come back. They don’t arrive, so Bill flies to Virginia to get them. He looks for them for two weeks but he can’t find them. When he arrives back home, Bill finds the geese waiting for him. 5
They find their way home without him!
The winters are so cold in Canada.
The geese follow him all the way.
They lose their parents.
Canada geese often eat grass.
Bill has a small plane.
【答案】51. B 52. D 53. F 54. C 55. A
三、综合填空
Hello, everyone! Next week we (1) (go) on a trip to Yellow Mountain. Do you want to know (2) (Something) about it! I (3) (visit) it two years ago. I can tell you about it.
Yellow Mountain is a famous mountain in China. It is in the south of Anhui. Every day (4)
(thousand) of people from China and all over the world come to visit it. It takes us about three hours to get there (5) bus. When we climb the mountain, we can enjoy the fresh air, the Sea of clouds, wondrous(奇异的) pines and unique rocks along the way. In the early morning when (6) sun rises, the sky (7) (look) quite beautiful. Please prepare well (8) the trip next week. Wear comfortable trainers, bring
something (9) (eat) and please remember: we should be polite (10)
(visit).
will go; anything; visited; thousands; by; the; looks; for; to eat; visitors
