小升初英语语法：名词全解析及练习（含答案）
名词的定义
名词是表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念等的词汇，如：teacher（老师）、book（书）、Beijing（北京）、love（爱）等。
名词的分类
专有名词：表示特定的人、地方、组织、机构、团体等的名称，首字母通常要大写。例如：China（中国）、The Great Wall（长城）、Tom（汤姆）。
普通名词
可数名词：可以用数目来计算的名词，有单数和复数形式。例如：book - books（书）、apple - apples（苹果）。
不可数名词：不能用数目来计算的名词，通常只有单数形式。例如：water（水）、milk（牛奶）、bread（面包）。
名词的数
可数名词的复数形式
一般情况：在词尾加 - s。例如：pen - pens，dog - dogs。
以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾：在词尾加 - es。例如：bus - buses，box - boxes，watch - watches，fish - fishes。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 - es。例如：family - families，city - cities。
以 f 或 fe 结尾：一般变 f 或 fe 为 v，再加 - es。例如：knife - knives，leaf - leaves。
特殊变化：例如：man - men，woman - women，child - children，foot - feet，tooth - teeth。
不可数名词的数量表示：通常用 “量词 + of + 不可数名词” 的结构来表示数量。例如：a glass of water（一杯水），a piece of bread（一片面包），two bottles of milk（两瓶牛奶）。
名词的所有格
有生命的名词所有格
一般情况：在名词后加 “'s”。例如：Tom's book（汤姆的书），the girl's bag（女孩的包）。
以 s 结尾的复数名词：只在词尾加 “'”。例如：the students' desks（学生们的桌子）。
表示两者或多者共同拥有：在最后一个名词后加 “'s”。例如：Lucy and Lily's room（露西和莉莉的房间，表示两人共住一个房间）。
表示两者或多者分别拥有：在每个名词后都加 “'s”。例如：Lucy's and Lily's rooms（露西的房间和莉莉的房间，表示两人各自有自己的房间）。
无生命的名词所有格：通常用 “of + 名词” 的结构来表示。例如：the window of the room（房间的窗户），the cover of the book（书的封面）。
名词练习题
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
box ______
tomato ______
baby ______
leaf ______
man ______
foot ______
watch ______
knife ______
sheep ______
tooth ______
二、用所给名词的适当形式填空
There are some ______ (child) in the park.
I have two ______ (book).
The ______ (boy) father is a doctor.
How many ______ (pen) do you have
There is some ______ (water) in the glass.
These are ______ (Tom) shoes.
The ______ (student) desks are very new.
I like to eat ______ (apple).
The ______ (woman) in the room are teachers.
A ______ (piece) of bread is on the table.
There are two ______ (book) on the table.
I like to eat ______ (tomato).
The ______ (child) are playing games in the yard.
How many ______ (sheep) are there on the farm
There is some ______ (bread) in the bag.
These are my ______ (shoe).
The ______ (man) over there is my father.
The ______ (teacher) office is on the second floor.
I have a lot of ______ (homework) to do tonight.
The ______ (girl) dresses are very beautiful.
三、单项选择
There are three ______ in the office.
A. policeman B. policemen C. policemans
I have a lot of ______ to do.
A. work B. works C. job
This is ______ room.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily's
How many ______ are there in the picture
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato
The ______ are flying kites in the park.
A. child B. childs C. children
—Would you like some ______
—Yes, please.
A. apple B. water C. tomato
There are five ______ in the classroom.
A. student B. students C. student's
This is ______ bedroom. They like it very much.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily's
The ______ of the trees are yellow in autumn.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves
—How many ______ do you have
—I have two.
A. knife B. knives C. knifes
The ______ is very cute.
A. babies B. baby C. babys
I need a ______ of paper to write on.
A. piece B. pieces C. pair
There is some ______ in the bottle.
A. oranges B. orange juice C. orange
The ______ are flying in the sky.
A. bird B. birds C. bird's
This is a photo of my ______. We took it last year.
A. family B. families C. family's
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
There are three ______ (图书馆) in our school.
The ______ (孩子们) are having a good time in the park.
I have two ______ (手表). One is for me, and the other is for my brother.
These ______ (女士) are from America.
There is a lot of ______ (牛奶) in the fridge.
The ______ (树叶) on the tree are green in spring.
We should brush our ______ (牙齿) every day.
I like to eat ______ (面包) for breakfast.
There are many ______ (花) in the garden.
The ______ (学生们的) books are on the desks.
五、判断下列句子中名词的用法是否正确，正确的打 “√”，错误的打 “×” 并改正
There are some sheeps on the hill. （ ）______
I have two boxs. （ ）______
The boy's names are Tom and Jerry. （ ）______
There is a lot of fishes in the river. （ ）______
These are my parent's photos. （ ）______
参考答案
一、
boxes 2. tomatoes 3. babies 4. leaves 5. men 6. feet 7. watches 8. knives 9. sheep 10. teeth
二、
children 2. books 3. boy's 4. pens 5. water 6. Tom's 7. students' 8. apples 9. women 10. piece 11.books 12. tomatoes 13. children 14. sheep 15. bread 16. shoes 17. man 18. teachers' 19. homework 20. girls'
三、
B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6.B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. A
四、
1、libraries 2. children 3. watches 4. ladies 5. milk 6. leaves 7. teeth 8. bread 9. flowers 10. students'
五、
× sheeps 改为 sheep
× boxs 改为 boxes
× boy's 改为 boys'
× fishes 改为 fish
× parent's 改为 parents'
