Unit 4 Natural Disasters 完形、语法、选词、短文填空 专题训练（含答案）-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第一册（人教版2019）
一、完形填空
The earthquake was over and the city was in ruins.
I had no choice but to walk home as all the 1 had stopped as a result of the quake. On my way home I 2 an old lady at a bakery (烘焙店) giving out free bread, which made my heart warm. A man was holding a sign saying,“ Please use our 3 .” He was opening his house for people to go to the toilet.
My friend, who wanted to be of help to others, stood in the cold with a sign “If you don’t 4 a motorcycle (摩托车), I’ll be glad to drive you home.”
Then the next day I drove to have my car 5 . There was not enough 6 now and many gas stations were either closed or had very 7 lines. I got worried, since I was behind fifteen cars. Finally, when my 8 came, the man smiled and said, “Because of this situation, we are only giving $30 worth of gas per person. Is that all right ” “Of course. It’s nice that we are all able to 9 ,” I said. His smile gave me so much comfort.
At the escape center I saw a man 10 when people brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that food had been 11 there. However, after he dried the tears, his next 12 surprised me. “I am very 13 that we are provided with food. But people in the city next to us haven’t 14 any food at all. Please go to that center as well.” Hearing that, I realized there was a bright future on the other side of this 15 .
1．A．life B．business C．help D．traffic
2．A．saw B．missed C．rescued D．caught
3．A．bedroom B．bathroom C．living room D．kitchen
4．A．buy B．care C．matter D．mind
5．A．cleaned up B．washed down C．filled up D．pulled up
6．A．gas B．information C．food D．water
7．A．direct B．fine C．long D．short
8．A．time B．turn C．order D．decision
9．A．share B．offer C．learn D．choose
10．A．crying B．eating C．smiling D．singing
11．A．brought B．stored C．left D．kept
12．A．ways B．roles C．words D．promises
13．A．sure B．grateful C．shocked D．proud
14．A．cooked B．wasted C．prepared D．received
15．A．disaster B．chance C．city D．center
Talent can come from anywhere and anyone. Whether he has majored in art or has been blessed with a talent from birth, any artist should be able to 16 his gift with the world.
That’s 17 what Liz Powers decided to do when she, her brother, and four local artists founded ArtLifting. This organization helps 18 artists achieve financial independence by selling their works on ArtLifting’s website. Though the website features 145 artists at present, when Powers first 19 to shine a spotlight on undiscovered talent, she wasn’t expecting to make such a(n) 20 .
Powers was 21 to find that many artistically gifted people were 22 simple shelters. When they created art, it ended up in shelter basements. She understood that for many of these artists, 23 could provide income. They had the talent; what they 24 was a way to make it known to the world. Therefore, Powers decided to set up an online 25 . It would create a real 26 between the artists and consumers who wanted original pieces for their walls.
Today, ArtLifting is in 19 cities around the US, 27 artists and bringing their stories and 28 to walls around the country. Historically, artists’ works were usually displayed in museums. But now we find that talent can be shown in 29 forms. ArtLifting not only sells impressive pieces; it also helps artists 30 what anyone deserves: independence, freedom and respect.
16．A．mix B．share C．trade D．exchange
17．A．hardly B．normally C．exactly D．accidentally
18．A．shy B．polite C．busy D．homeless
19．A．volunteered B．preferred C．decided D．applied
20．A．impact B．impression C．contribution D．donation
21．A．scared B．delighted C．ashamed D．shocked
22．A．searching for B．setting up C．staying in D．going through
23．A．preparations B．experiences C．competitions D．creations
24．A．received B．needed C．minded D．promised
25．A．market B．club C．office D．school
26．A．comparison B．similarity C．connection D．gap
27．A．teaching B．supporting C．pitying D．protecting
28．A．adventures B．dreams C．pleasures D．artworks
29．A．familiar B．regular C．different D．popular
30．A．achieve B．require C．judge D．admit
The earthquake was over and the city was in ruins.
I had no choice but to walk home as all the 31 had stopped as a result of the quake. On my way home I 32 an old lady at a bakery shop giving out free bread, which made my heart 33 . A man was holding a sign saying, “Please use our house.” He was 34 his house for people to go to the restroom.
The next day I drove to have my car 35 . There was not enough gas now and many gas stations were either closed or had very 36 lines. I got worried, 37 I was behind fifteen cars. Finally, when my 38 came, the man smiled and said, “ 39 this situation, we are only giving $30 worth of gas per person. Is that alright ” “Of course. It’s nice that we are all able to 40 ,” I said. His smile gave me so much comfort.
At the escape center I saw a man 41 when people brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that food had been brought to their center. However, after he cleaned up the tears, his next 42 surprised me. “I am very 43 that we are provided with food. But people in the city next to us haven’t 44 any food at all. Please go to that center as well.” Hearing that, I realized there was a bright future on the other side of this 45 .
31．A．life B．business C．rescue D．traffic
32．A．noticed B．missed C．ignored D．caught
33．A．kind B．broken C．warm D．empty
34．A．opening B．selling C．repairing D．building
35．A．used up B．taken up C．filled up D．washed away
36．A．direct B．fine C．long D．thin
37．A．since B．once C．until D．unless
38．A．time B．turn C．duty D．decision
39．A．Except for B．Together with C．Instead of D．Because of
40．A．share B．offer C．learn D．choose
41．A．crying B．eating C．smiling D．singing
42．A．ways B．roles C．words D．promises
43．A．sure B．grateful C．surprised D．proud
44．A．bought B．wasted C．prepared D．received
45．A．disaster B．chance C．city D．center
二、语法填空
语法填空
For several days before the earthquake struck Tangshan, strange things were happening. For example, chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat and mice ran out of the fields 46 (look)for places to hide, etc. At about 3:00 a. m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises were heard, 47 the local people were asleep as usual at that time.
Then at 3:42 a. m. , one 48 (dead)earthquake hit Tangshan. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 49 (ruin). The number of people who were killed or badly injured 50 (be)more than 400,000 and thousands of children were left without parents. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. It seemed as if the world were coming to 51 end.
However, soon after the earthquake, aid from all corners of our country came. Soldiers arrived to dig out those 52 (trap)and to bury the dead. Doctors, nurses and those from other walks of life came to help. Slowly, the city started to revive 53 (it)and get back up on its feet. A new Tangshan 54 (build) upon the earthquake ruins with strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, which proved that 55 times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A strong tsunami caused by the most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years 56 (strike) coastlines across Asia around 7:00 a. m, 26 December, 2004, 57 (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and some other countries. In Sumatra Island alone, 58 least 1,870 people were killed. 59 (fisherman), tourists, hotels, homes, and cars 60 (sweep) away by huge waves. 61 local Thai woman said she was having breakfast with her three children when water started filling her home, and they had to leave everything and run to 62 (safe).
Thousands of people were missing, and the number of deaths was expected to grow even 63 (high) in the next few days. Foreign aid was organised for the tsunami-hit areas. 64 , dangerous conditions and damaged roads would make it difficult 65 (deliver) food and supplies.
语法填空
Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake. For several days, the water in the village wells 66 (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 67 (smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 68 (eat). At 3:42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. 69 seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, 70 whole city lay in ruins. Two thirds of people died or got 71 (injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People 72 (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 73 were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors. Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 74 strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, 75 (final) a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
仔细体会文章语境,用适当的关系代词that、which、who、whom或whose填空
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary 76 drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student 77 is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall our attention was attracted by a very large picture 78 was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse 79 was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 80 was riding on it looked like a living man.
It was the best picture 81 I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 82 I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 83 has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you.
三、选词填空
选词填空
stay calm take effect with the aid of come to power deliver a speech wave goodbye to in length
84．These changes in the policy will at the start of next year.
85．When facing difficulties and challenges I always and get ready to overcome them.
86．The top ten competitors will be required to on a given topic.
87．They each other, not knowing that they would never meet again.
88． a compass, the traveler can find his bearings (方位) in the forest.
短语填空
on hand, crash into, carry out, relate to, sweep away
89．The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and a truck.
90．Always have your dictionary when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it.
91．They are going to have a meeting to determine who will the plan.
92．I think it is important for children to have brothers and sisters they can .
93．The village when the dam burst; as a result, many people became homeless.
短语填空
volcanic eruption.slide into,be rescued from.do damage to.shelter from.be affected by
94．Even if the heavy snow the fruit trees,t he farmer didn't lose heart
95．These plants in front of the stadium must direct sunlight
96．I was so tired after the marathon that I bed and fell fast asleep
97．The villagers had to evacuate because of the
98．It seemed that the audience wouldn't the freezing cold
99．The child the fire by a man full of strength
选词填空
be based on; in all directions; at least; put...up; the number of; sweep away; carry out; give up
100．The report figures from six different European cities.
101．When the police arrived, the crowd scattered (分散) .
102． your hand if you need more paper.
103．Mr. Smith was forced to the research because of poor health.
104． people who were injured or killed reached more than 1,000.
105．Because he is familiar with the computer, he often the work easily.
106．What made us satisfied was that all the doubts had been .
107．Try to set aside an hour each day for exercise.
四、短文填空
用话题词汇中的内容补全下面短文
While the Earth is a beautiful place to live in, 108 (自然灾害) occur from time to time. In 2004, there was a tsunami in the Indian Ocean, which was caused by the undersea quake, and it 109 (使得数十万人无家可归). In 2008, an earthquake struck Wenchuan, which is the most destructive (破坏性的) one to have ever occurred in China, making around 69,000 people 110 (失去他们的生命).
Since natural disasters are unavoidable, it is necessary to let people 111 (了解关于……的常识) them, because even a little knowledge can help us 112 (为……做好准备) natural disasters and might save ourselves.
根据汉语提示完成短文。
113 (我的头陷入大南瓜里), I 114 (如此震惊以至于) my throat tightened and my knees felt weak, various terrible thoughts 115 (涌入我的心头). I 116 (努力把头从南瓜里拔出来), but in vain. 117 (不顾我正遭受的事情), my brother should tap the huge pumpkin, giggling. Grinning from ear to ear, my father 118 (来帮助我), saying comfortably, “Keep calm！” I was successfully rescued and 119 (一阵感激之情向我袭来), tears rolling down my cheeks, like a broken line of beads.
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
Dear Sir/Madam,
120 (我写信感谢你的及时救援), without which my life couldn’t return to normal.
A few days ago, 121 (一场极其可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡), leaving many houses in ruins. 122 (shock) to find everything buried under the fallen houses, I burst into tears. 123 (世界似乎到了尽头). Thankfully, although you were strangers, you 124 (不遗余力) provide enough food and water for us to survive on. With strong support from the government and your generous aid, a new town was built upon the earthquake 125 (ruin).
I can’t express my gratitude too much.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
用定语从句完成短文
The shopping mall, 126 (很多人喜欢它的环境), was on fire last week because the gas pipes 127 (使用太长时间的) cracked. Those 128 (正在里面购物的) were trapped. Many goods 129 (正在销售的) were destroyed. This was the biggest fire 130 (人们曾看到的). Luckily, the firefighters 131 (收到紧急电话的) came at once. They did all 132 (他们能做的) to put out the fire. To our relief, no one was injured or dead.
根据汉语提示补全对话
(李雷正在参加一场主题为“如何预防自然灾害”的演讲比赛，他正在对如何应对地震展开论述……)
Good morning，everyone，
I'm Li Lei，and it's my honor to give a speech about earthquake prevention.There happened earthquakes in many places recently.The earthquake could cause significant damage.So 133 (如何在地震期间保持安全)has become an important issue.Here are some guidelines.
Firstly，don't be nervous and keep calm.Try to get into 134 (一片远离树木的空地)，buildings，walls，signs，power lines and anything else that might fall on you if you are outdoors.Secondly，if you are indoors，stay there.Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk. 135 (用手和胳膊覆盖你的头和脖子)．The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects.Avoid taking cover near windows，large mirrors and hanging objects.Thirdly, 136 (绝对不要使用电梯)．
Though we can't stop earthquakes, 137 (我们能够减少地震给我们带来的破坏) if we take right measures.
参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D A B D C A C B A A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A C B D C B C D C A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C D B A C B D C A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D A C A C C A B D A
题号 41 42 43 44 45
答案 A C B D C
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A
31．D 32．A 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．C
46．looking 47．but 48．deadly 49．ruins 50．was 51．an 52．trapped 53．itself 54．was built 55．in
56．struck 57．killing 58．at 59．Fishermen 60．were swept 61．A 62．safety 63．higher 64．However 65．to deliver
66．rose 67．smelly 68．to eat 69．It 70．the 71．injured 72．were shocked 73．who 74．With 75．finally
76．whose 77．who/that 78．that/which 79．which/that 80．who/that 81．that 82．that 83．that
84．take effect 85．stay calm 86．deliver a speech 87．waved goodbye to 88．With the aid of
89．crashed into 90．on hand 91．carry out 92．be related to 93．was swept away
94．did damage to 95．be sheltered from 96．slid into 97．volcanic eruption 98．be affected by 99．was rescued from
100．is based on 101．in all directions 102． Put up 103．give up 104．The number of 105．carries out 106．swept away 107．at least
108．natural disasters 109．left hundreds of thousands of people homeless 110．lose their lives 111．know of common knowledge about 112．get prepared for
113．With my head trapped in the huge pumpkin 114．was in such shock that 115．flooding into my mind 116．made every effort to pull my head out of it 117．Ignoring what I was suffering 118．came to my aid 119．a wave of gratitude washed over me
120．I’m writing to express my thanks for your timely rescue 121．an extremely frightening earthquake struck my hometown 122．Shocked 123．It seemed as if the world was at an end 124．spared no efforts to 125．ruins
126．whose environment was enjoyed by many people 127．which/that were used for too long 128．who were shopping in it 129．which/that were on sale 130．that people had ever seen 131．who/that received the emergency call 132．that they could do
133．how to keep safe during an earthquake 134．an open area away from trees 135．Cover your head and neck with your hands and arms 136．never use the lift 137．we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us
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