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)2022级高三上学期第1次测评（开学考）
英语试题答案卷
非选择题
三、语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
56. __________ 57. __________ 58. __________ 59. __________ 60. __________
61. __________ 62. __________ 63. __________ 64. __________ 65. __________
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday
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第二节( 满分25分)
Paragraph 1:
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Paragraph 2:
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案
第一部分：听力
1—5 ABCBA 6—10 ACACB 11—15 CCBCC 16—20 BABAC
第二部分：阅读理解
A篇 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。
21. C 细节理解题。文章第二段提到，《力学、相对论和热力学》（Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics）这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，而文章第三段提到，《理工科学生适用物理学》（Physics for Students of Science and Engineering）帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C。
22. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.”可知，为了确保学生能够更好地理解和应用物理概念，《大学物理学与现代物理学》（University Physics with Modern Physics）这本书中提供了可行的例子，来帮助学生更好地理解概念并解决问题，故这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D。
23. A 文章出处题。根据文章第一段第二句“Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language.”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A。
B篇 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾27岁学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。
24. C 推理判断题。第二段介绍了Carvey的学习背景，并指出正是因此他才研发了AuREUS系统；再结合第一段最后一句“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason!”的提示可知，第二段的功能是解释了为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。故选C。
25. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点让它符合比赛的宗旨，因此是可持续性使它脱颖而出。故选A。
26. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农民的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。由此可推断，AuREUS能够变废为宝。故选D。
27. C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“... through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people”（reach out to sb表示“愿意向某人提供帮助”）和“This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.”可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。故选C。
C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过引用多项研究来表明喝无糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。
28. D 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，作者通过引用多项研究来支持自己的观点。这些研究结果佐证了作者关于饮用无糖汽水会对人体造成危害的观点，故作者通过展示研究来提出自己的观点。故选D。
29. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression ...”可知，根据哈佛医学院研究人员的数据，无糖汽水会增加患抑郁症的风险。故选C。
30. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains”和画线词后的“two risk factors for dementia”可知，每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩，所以“aggravates long-term memory”也应表示无糖汽水的不良影响。因此，aggravate的意思应为“使恶化”，worsen与之意思相近。故选B。
31. A 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，多项研究表明喝无糖汽水对人的健康有危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。同时结合最后一段中的“Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily.”可知，为了能健康地老去，作者可能会建议我们停止喝无糖汽水。故选A。
D篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告。报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。
32. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“About half of the work carried out ... a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted.”和接下来三段的展开论述可知，这篇报告主要分析了自动化对经济的影响，探讨了自动化在提高效率、推动经济增长方面的作用，以及这一趋势对不同类型工作的影响。故选B。
33. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，机器人和计算机会越来越能够完成需要认知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情绪或驾驶车辆。故选D。
34. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines”可知，人类仍然是被需要的：只有当人类和机器一起工作时，总生产率提高才会实现。由此可知，作者对人类工作者持积极乐观的态度。A项“担忧的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“乐观的”；D项“怀疑的”。故选C。
35. D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开头主要介绍了机器人技术、人工智能和机器学习的最新发展使人类处于一个新的自动化时代的风口浪尖。麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。接着文章展开介绍了自动化对经济及不同类型工作的影响，最后提出人类和机器一起工作，总生产率提高才会实现。因此D项“自动化：未来人类的替代品？”适合作本文标题。故选D。
第二节 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可持续旅游，以及一些降低旅行者对环境的影响的具体方法。
七选五
36. F 空前介绍了可持续旅游及其目标，空后建议了一些具体方法来降低旅游对环境的影响。分析选项可知，F项“如果管理不当，旅游业可能会产生令人难以置信的负面影响。”对开展可持续旅游的原因进行了解释（即“为什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同时开启了下文的“怎么做”。故选F。
37. A 空处应填入本段的中心句。空后内容“Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away ... all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby ...”强调了旅游并不一定要去很远的地方，在附近探索和发现也可以。分析选项可知，A项“待在家附近。”符合语境。故选A。
38. D 本段主旨是“选择更环保的交通方式”。空前提到公共交通是仅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。分析选项可知，D项“它不仅对环境更好，而且更便宜。”分析了公共交通的好处，解释了为什么要选择公共交通工具，承接上文，符合语境。选项中的it指代的是上文的public transportation。故选D。
39. G 本段主旨是“避免（去）游客过多的目的地”。空处位于段尾，应总结本段内容，再次点明主旨。分析选项可知，G项“去探访较少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悦和有益。”总结了本段的内容，符合语境。“Visiting less-visited destinations”是对本段关键信息“over-visited destinations”的反义转述。故选G。
40. E 空处上文强调，通过“与自然亲近”的旅游，人们可以更好地理解和欣赏自然界。分析选项可知，E项中的“Get in touch with the world”指的就是亲近自然，是“connecting with nature”的同义表达。同时，选项中的“sitting at home”也和下文中的“come home”形成呼应。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用
41.答案：C
解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：在我的生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切。被一种罕见的细菌感染后，我失去了行走的能力，最终坐轮椅。整整一年，我卧床不起。在那之后，我失去了其他的一切。A. rose up上升；B. rolled up卷起；C. ended up最终，以……告终；D. turned up出现，露面。故选C项。
42.答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了朋友，他们对我失去了耐心，他们厌倦了我不太可能的康复的事实。A. temper脾气；B. patience耐心；C. cooperation合作；D. touch接触；lose patience with sb. 对某人失去了耐心，lose touch with sb. 与某人失去了联系，lose cooperation with sb. 不与某人合作。故选B项。
43.答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了我几十年以来建立的事业，这也是我赖以生存的收入来源。A. status地位；B. wealth财富；C. fame名声；D. career事业。故选D项。
44.答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标感也消失了。因为工作丢了，所以目标感也消失了。A. purpose目标；B. trust信任；C. loss失落；D. shame羞耻。故选A项。
45.答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且我也失去了我的婚姻。离婚后，我失去了我的房子。我无处可住，不得不搬回去和父母住在一起。A. conflict冲突；B. crisis危机；C. divorce离婚；D. departure离开。故选C项。
46.答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对失去一切的境况，大多数人都会陷入绝望。而且我也确实曾抑郁过。A. poverty贫困；B. despair绝望；C. confusion困惑；D. trouble麻烦。故选B项
47.答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，最重要的是，我看到了希望。我相信我的生活可以重新开始。A. hope希望；B. relief欣慰；C. courage勇气；D. strength力气。故选A项。
48.答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅能在身体上治愈，而且能在所有方面治愈。A. fight与……作斗争；B. respond回答，答复；C. twist扭转，转动；D. heal治愈。故选D项。
49.答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的健康慢慢地恢复了。A. declined衰退；B. performed执行，履行，表演，扮演；工作运转；C. returned恢复；D. changed改变。故选C项。
50.答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我有意地把健康放在首位。A. accidentally偶然地；B. cautiously小心谨慎地；C. quickly迅速地；D. deliberately故意地，蓄意，存心。故选D项。
51.答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我饮食更健康，更有规律地进行锻炼，并不断地整合新的方法来减轻压力，比如冥想和瑜伽。A. compared比较；B. discussed讨论；C. integrated结合，合并；D. simplified简化。故选C项。
52.答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，新朋友进入了我的生活。A. entered进入；B. influenced影响；C. benefited使受益；D. shaped塑造。故选A项。
53.答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一份新工作出现了。一种新的浪漫伙伴关系也出现了。A. friendly友好的；B. flexible灵活的；C. strategic战略性的；D. romantic浪漫的。故选C项。
54.答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激的是这些事情揭示了人们的本色和真正的正直。A. revealed揭示，透露；B. marked表明；赋予特征；C. preserved维护，保持；D. recorded记录。故选A项。
55.答案：B
解析：考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：当不好的事情发生时，这并不意味着更好的事情不会发生。我们只需要保持希望。希望比其他任何事情都重要。A. get close to靠近；B. hold on to紧紧抓住，保持；C. let go of放开，松手；D. take notice of注意到。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国家博物馆的“鉴往知远——新时代考古成果展”。
56. unearthed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词“are”，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词unearth与其逻辑主语“cultural relics”之间是动宾关系，所以应用其过去分词作定语。故填unearthed。
57. currently 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰整个句子。故填currently。
58. and 考查连词。此处表示展品涵盖了各个时期，涵盖了各种领域。“cover”和“include”为并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
59. formation 考查词性转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用form的名词形式，指“中华文明的形成过程”。故填formation。
60. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“hand axes (斧)”，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
61. functions 考查名词的单复数。function在此处指“功能”，为可数名词，其前无冠词，所以应用其复数形式表泛指。故填functions。
62. from 考查介词。此处表示“来自”山西运城的一个青铜盒子，应用介词from。故填from。
63. dates 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处作定语从句的谓语，指这个青铜盒子可以追溯到春秋时期，是对事实的陈述，应用一般现在时，“that”指代“a bronze box”，是第三人称单数，应用date的第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
64. connecting 考查非谓语动词。介词in后应用动名词形式。故填connecting。
65. to understand 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“the chance”。故填to understand。
第四部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
听力材料
Text 1
M: Linda, what’s your favorite city in China
W: It’s Chongqing.
M: Is it because of the landscape or the people there
W: Actually I fell in love with the city because of the hotpot restaurants there.
Text 2
W: Jason, who is this beautiful woman in the picture Is she an actress
M: No. Actually she’s my mother. She’s from Mexico.
W: Then she must speak Spanish.
M: You’re right. She speaks both English and Spanish and she teaches some American students Spanish.
Text 3
W: Tom, what about going to Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo this weekend
M: Why do you want to go there It’s a bit far away and it’s not very big.
W: I read in the magazine that it is the No. 1 family-friendly zoo in the US.
Text 4
W: Did you win in the London Marathon, Henry
M: No. A competitor fell to the ground, so I helped him up. When he fell down again, I decided to support him to the finish line 200 meters away. So I didn’t win.
W: Well, though you didn’t win, you’ve done something better than that.
Text 5
W: What about going to the cinema tonight
M: I don’t feel like going out tonight. Why don’t we just watch a movie on Netflix There are over forty new movies on it this month.
W: Well, I just love watching movies on a large screen.
Text 6
M: Karen, what do you like doing in your spare time
W: I generally spend my leisure time reading storybooks, gardening and collecting stamps.
M: So which do you like doing most
W: Growing my own vegetables. It can not only help me relax after work but also allows me to eat vegetables grown by myself. What about you
M: I also love collecting stamps. I think it’s an activity that allows me to learn about different cultures of the world.
W: So how many stamps have you collected
M: I have 100 British stamps and as many stamps from other countries.
Text 7
W: Mike, what about sending Amy to a camp this summer
M: That’s a good idea. Do you know any good summer camps
W: Yes. Since Amy loves dancing, what about sending her to Ballet Academy East It has summer sessions for children of all ages from 3 to 19 years old.
M: What classes does it have
W: It has classes for younger dancers that include a variety of different activities. These activities work as an introduction to many different styles of dance. It also has a class for older children aged 9 to 19.
M: So what can children do in this class
W: They can learn some difficult movements. It’s perfect for children dreaming of becoming a professional dancer in ballet.
M: So what about the price
W: I have no idea. Let’s search on the Internet.
Text 8
W: John, what book have you read recently
M: A book titled Free to Be Elephant Me written by Giles Andreae and illustrated by Guy Parker-Rees.
W: What is the book mainly about
M: It follows a young elephant named Num-Num as he competes in the Elephant Games to impress King Elephant Mighty and get an elephant name. But he has a problem.
W: What problem does he have
M: Num-Num isn’t good at normal tricks. He leaves, eventually finding his own strengths. The text shows how Num-Num learns to appreciate his own strengths.
W: So have you learned a lesson from the book
M: Yes. Before reading the book, I really admire other people’s strengths. But after reading the book, I know I have my own strengths too.
W: Can I borrow the book I also want to read it.
M: Sorry, but I no longer keep it. I’ve already returned it because it was due the day before yesterday.
Text 9
W: Mark, who is your role model
M: It’s Zuriel Oduwole. She’s an advocate for girl’s education and a filmmaker. You may not believe it, but she’s just 19 years old.
W: You mean a filmmaker at the age of 19 No way.
M: I’ve told you it’s hard to believe, but it’s true. Actually she became the world’s youngest filmmaker to have her work screened at the age of 12.
W: I just can’t believe my ears. So what does she like filming about
M: Her films mostly show the importance of education of girls in Africa. You know in Africa many girls don’t go to school for education. Zuriel wants to change that through her films.
W: So why is she your role model
M: It’s mainly because she is courageous enough to follow a dream and she cares enough to reach it. She has set a good example to me.
W: Well, I think she’s set a good example to many people who want to make their dreams come true, me included. Now I’m more confident that I’ll make my dream come true.
M: So what’s your dream
W: To win a gold medal in the upcoming Olympic Games.
Text 10
W: Good morning, everyone. I’m Susan Brown. I’m glad to be invited here to talk about lifelong learning today. Many people consider it unnecessary to learn new things after leaving school. But in my opinion, one should never stop learning. But how to learn in our daily life Reading books is a good way. Reading a little every day is one of the easiest ways to have new ideas, gain new knowledge and receive indirect tutoring. There are billions of cool books and authors just waiting to inspire you. Taking courses is also a good way. You can sign up for both online and offline courses to learn. There’s probably a course on any topic you can imagine. You can get a tutor to learn something in his field. You can also have a peer group to keep you motivated. Many people love traveling. This is also a good way to learn new things. It’s so easy to get caught up in your own culture if you don’t travel and see more of the world. So among these ways, which way do I love most You may wonder. Well, I love going to different places to experience different cultures best.2022级高三上学期第1次测试（开学考）
英语试题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing
A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape.
2. Where does Jason’s mother come from
A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America.
3. What makes the woman choose the zoo
A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design.
4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed
A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing.
5. How would the woman like to watch movies
A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone.
第二节、(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。
6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity
A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps.
7. How many stamps has the man collected
A. 100. B. 150. C. 200.
听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。
8. How old should a child be to go to the camp
A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old.
9. What do older children mainly learn in the class
A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements.
10. What will the speakers do next
A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book
A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings.
12. What did John decide to do after reading the book
A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths.
13. Where did John get the book
A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold
A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment.
C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever.
15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films
A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls.
16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole
A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident.
17. What is most probably the woman
A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school
A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging.
19. What does the speaker love doing most
A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language.
Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics
This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful.
Physics for Students of Science and Engineering
This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept.
The Feynman Lectures on Physics
Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book.
University Physics with Modern Physics
The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.
21. What do the first two books have in common
A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors.
C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources.
22. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples
A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering.
C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook.D. A science journal.
B
College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason!
The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day!
According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!”
AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.”
While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.”
24. What is the function of the second paragraph
A. To offer background information about Carvey.
B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition.
C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition.
D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win.
25. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries
A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use.
26. What can we learn about AuREUS
A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production.
C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous.
27. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey
A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble.
C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible.
C
Is diet soda safe If you’re concerned about sugar, diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss.
There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none.
Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风), according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects.
Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia.
Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do.
28. How does the author present his point of view
A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research.
29. What effect might diet soda have on people
A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline.
30. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4
A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates.
31. What might the author advise us to do
A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake.
C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process.
D
Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted.
Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said.
The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential.
The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving.
While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines.
32. What is the report mainly about
A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy.
C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age.
33. What might happen in 2055 according to the text
A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth.
B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages.
C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear.
D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots.
34. How does the author feel about human workers
A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Automation: A challenge to all B. Automation: Where to go from here
C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner D. Automation: A future replacement for humans
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. 36 Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler.
37 Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across.
Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. 38 When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself.
Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines No one. 39
Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. 40 I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days.
A. Stay close to home.
B. Find an ideal place to explore.
C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities.
D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well.
E. Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t.
F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts.
G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There was a time in my life when I lost everything. Infected by a rare bacterium, I lost the ability to walk and 41 in a wheelchair. For a whole year, I was bedbound. After that, I lost everything else.
I lost friends who lost 42 with me and grew tired of waiting for an unlikely recovery. I lost my 43 which I had worked for decades to build-my source of independent income. There went my sense of 44 , too. And I lost my marriage. I lost my house after the 45 . I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents.
Facing all these losses, most people would fall into 46 . And I did experience depression. But, most of all, I experienced 47 . I believe that my life could start over. I could 48 not only physically but in all ways.
My health 49 slowly but surely. I 50 made my health a top priority. I ate healthier foods, exercised more regularly, and constantly 51 new ways to reduce stress like meditation and yoga. Then new friends 52 my life. A new job presented itself. A new 53 partnership presented itself as well. I was grateful that these events 54 people’s true colors and true integrity.
When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need to 55 hope. It was more important than anything else.
A. rose up B. rolled up C. ended up D. turned up
A. temper B. patience C. cooperation D. touch
A. status B. wealth C. fame D. career
A. purpose B. trust C. loss D. shame
A. conflict B. crisis C. divorce D. departure
A. poverty B. despair C. confusion D. trouble
A. hope B. relief C. courage D. strength
A. fight B. respond C. twist D. heal
A. declined B. performed C. returned D. changed
A. accidentally B. cautiously C. quickly D. deliberately
A. compared B. discussed C. integrated D. simplified
A. entered B. influenced C. benefited D. shaped
A. friendly B. flexible C. strategic D. romantic
A. revealed B. marked C. preserved D. recorded
A. get close to B. hold on to C. let go of D. take notice of
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently 56 (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are 57 (current) on display.
The exhibits cover a wide range of periods 58 include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the 59 (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), 60 are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical 61 (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box 62 Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that 63 (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in 64 (connect) China with the world.
It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance 65 (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你完成的作品；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday
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第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
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Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
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