综合测试 05 三大从句
题型一 名词性从句单句语法填空
1． we succeed or fail depends on our effort and perseverance.
2．It is a shame they should abandon the project halfway.
3．But perhaps is significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make
these terraces and grow rice.
4． they’ll fly to Inner Mongolia hasn’t been decided.
5．China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, used to be a
34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
6．The singing in Chinese opera is an impressive aspect. In addition to singing, fascinates people most
is actors’ dance and acrobatics.
7．Maybe it is the first impression is the strength. China Daily has become one part of my life.
8．If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s they’ll promote. But that leaves
the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
9．Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves. They are
young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
10．Beijing Opera combines singing, reading, acting, fighting, and dancing together, using acting methods to
present characters and tell stories. That is it is a comprehensive (综合的) art.
11．The boy expressed his hope he would be a pilot when he grows up．
12．Analysis of cutting marks on some head statues led to the guess they may have been stolen about 30
years ago, considering some statues were cut and stolen from a Shanxi temple in an identical way in 1993. They
were later found and returned from Taiwan in 1999.
13．While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as
far south as James Bay in Canada.
14．After receiving a message from Rylee Anderson, 12, she was struggling with a math problem, Waba
grabbed a whiteboard and hurried to her front door.
15．The 1912 Olympic Games, held in Sweden, were the first to include athletes from were then
considered the five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and America.
16．Those who like teaching they have acquired show better understanding and ability to
remember knowledge.
17．Mental health involves you process things such as stress and anxiety.
18．One cannot help but wonder the man was holding, when looking up to the famous bronze standing
man, in Sanxingdui, an archaeological (考古) site located in Sichuan province.
19．How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men
relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming.
20．I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else
I’d said.
21．That changed on Jan. 2, 2019, when Chinese spacecraft Chang’e 4 made a soft landing on is often
referred to as the dark side.
22．There are many ways you can experience tea culture in China. You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or
elsewhere to learn tea is grown and harvested.
23．Some teens consider high school to be terrible, taking up their time and loading them with many endless
responsibilities; however, for teens who can see the bigger picture, they can appreciate high school is
so important and how to make the most of it.
24．The scientists can set the fibers’ arrangement and spacing, which determines the man-made meat
ends up more like a burger or a steak.
25．Before the discovery of these creatures, it (think) that all life on the Earth obtain nutrients from
the sun.
26．It is widely acknowledged Professor Hawking was one of the greatest physicists in the world.
27． life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved, but the signs are promising.
28． I have harvested most from the contest is not the award but the improvement of my pronunciation
and the fun of acting.
29． they found was that expressing and receiving appreciation increased happiness for both sides.
30．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash
in pretty colours and fun shapes. The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the
shell of the firework.
题型二 定语从句单句语法填空
31．We’re just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk.
32．I ran through the crowd of people were hurrying to get on the train.
33．It is one of the reasons he gave for being late yesterday.
34．Learning strategies, to teachers attach significance, haven’t drawn enough attention of students.
35．Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, Heitler was in power.
36．The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J. K. Rowling, inspired us a lot.
37．We were very impressed by the old man, was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
38．At the time Mr Yang entered the space programme, astronauts had to be shorter than 170cm in
height and less than 65kg in weight.
39．Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life.
40．I like big parties you can dance, have fun and meet new people.
41．Is this the museum you once paid a visit to
42．He fell into the condition his heart disqualified him for military service.
43．She wants a job her management skills can be put to good use.
44．One has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
45．The old man has two sons, both of are lawyers.
46．The house the windows of are broken is empty.
47．Lillian works in a government office in there are many different departments.
48．He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.
49．He wrote a letter explained what had happened in the accident.
50．Was it October 1, 1949 the People’s Republic of China was founded
51．The orphan came from Hainan Province, is far away from here.
52．This is the way he thought of to solve the problem.
53．The teacher didn’t know the reason she was absent yesterday.
54．Chaplin acted in 82 films, many of he wrote and directed himself.
55．It was the hospital he came across a friend of his.
56．The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect.
57．Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in
southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with
12.3 million acres.
58．The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern
part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from
their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
59．For this reason, there are many buildings from the Qing and Ming eras remain unchanged in their
architectural styles today.
60．The long-awaited TV series title is Blossoms Shanghai was released in two versions — Mandarin
(普通话) and the Shanghai dialect—on Dec 27, quickly soaring as one of the most popular dramas during the New
Year’s period.
题型三 状语从句单句语法填空
61．We didn’t stop chasing after the rabbit it got completely out of sight.
62． we don’t protect the earth, we will have no clean water to drink.
63．As we can see, developing a good habit is so important I would like to introduce one kind of good
learning habit－keep a learning diary every day.
64．Dad offered to take us to the ancient city of Pompeii. I didn't really want to go I had no interest in old
cities.
65． her friends came to their house, Kendall Rae enjoyed sharing what she knew about farming.
66．Think first you lose patience with someone you love.
67． you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
68． she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit.
69．Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project he asked the children one
day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
70．Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to
raise their hands they thought they could never be a president.
71．One solution to this problem is to collect and preserve the seeds of as many different species as we can
they disappear.
72．In the following years, Deng has dedicated himself to training, struggling for an opportunity to fly
into space, he has always been inches away from good luck and has yet to make it.
73． you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time.
74． (assume) the weather is favourable, farmers will have a good harvest.
75．Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier it used to be.
76．So absorbed was he in his work he forgot to have lunch.
77．Natural bird habitats are most commonly found there is an ample supply of water for drinking,
swimming, and bathing.
78．Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road Initiative.
79．Apart from that, the decorated resumes do little help to find a job most HR managers pay more
attention to skills.
80．He is different from his workmates in he devotes his spare time to reading.
题型四 综合语法填空
Passage 1 （沈阳二中 2024 年高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As cities continue expanding, it is becoming more important than ever to find ways to create sustainable and
livable cities. Biophilic design (生物亲和设计 ), an approach that has gained great attention in recent years, is
thought to be 81 (work). This approach seeks to incorporate elements of nature into the built
environment, 82 aim is to improve the health of citizens and create more sustainable urban spaces.
Biophilic design 83 (root) in the idea that humans have a natural connection to nature and that
incorporating natural elements into our surroundings can have 84 positive impact on our health. It
recognizes that spending time in nature has been demonstrated 85 (reduce) stress and increase overall
happiness.
One way to include biophilic design elements in urban environments is through the use of natural materials.
Instead of relying on artificial materials that result 86 various problems, like plastic, biophilic design
encourages the use of materials 87 (source) from nature, like wood or stone. These material create a
more 88 (visual) attractive environment and produce a sense of connection to the natural world.
Another key element of biophilic design involves adding plants to the built environment 89 by
bringing plants into urban spaces, biophilic design establishes a more calming environment. According to many
studies, the 90 (expose) to green can increase productivity and promote health.
Passage 2 （重庆南开中学 2024 年高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Distracted driving is an ongoing problem. A new poll by State Farm, 91 insurance company,
proves once again that the roads are full of fools. One in five of the 912 drivers 92 (survey) last
November admitted accessing the Internet on their smartphones while driving. Over the past several months, the
company 93 (conduct) a deeper study. 94 (teenager) and young adults are more addicted to
their phones, and they’re also less experienced drivers, a reason for danger on the roads with a likely 95
(high) percentage of smartphone use while driving.
Despite 96 (acknowledge) the dangers, none of the guilty drivers seems to be ashamed of 97
(them). “I’m not saying it’s the smartest thing in the world,” says Sean Black, a 38-year-old Illinois resident, “but I
guess I just do it anyway.”Maybe, to a certain degree, this behavior will never change 98 a near-accident
or actual crash doesn’t take place. Even then, the change will only happen 99 the basis of each
individual case, and it puts the lives and well-being of innocents at the mercy of those 100 are too lazy
to change their habits.综合测试 05 三大从句
题型一 名词性从句单句语法填空
1． we succeed or fail depends on our effort and perseverance.
【答案】Whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们的成功或失败取决于我们的努力和毅力。空处引导主语从句，结合句
意及“or not”可知此处使用 whether...or not 引导，表示“是否”，首字母应大写，故填 Whether
2．It is a shame they should abandon the project halfway.
【答案】that
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他们半途而废地放弃这个项目，真是可惜。It is+a+n.+that...为固定句型,it 是
形式主语，that 引导主语从句。故填 that。
3．But perhaps is significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make
these terraces and grow rice.
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句的连接词。句意：但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式，创造了这些梯田，
种植了水稻。分析句子结构可知，________is significant 作主语，空处应用连接词引导主语从句，由空后 is
significant 可知，应用连接代词 what 引导，在从句中作主语。故填 what。
4． they’ll fly to Inner Mongolia hasn’t been decided.
【答案】When/Whether
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：他们什么时候飞往内蒙古还没有决定。由句意空处为主语从句的
引导词，从句缺少时间状语，应用连接副词 when/whenever，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填
When/Whenever。
5．China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, used to be a
34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：中国现在有近 3 万公里的高速铁路。使用高速铁路，过去需要 34 个小时的
旅程现在只需要 7 到 9 个小时。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物应用 what。故填 what。
6．The singing in Chinese opera is an impressive aspect. In addition to singing, fascinates people most
is actors’ dance and acrobatics.
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：中国戏曲中的唱腔是一个令人印象深刻的方面。除了唱腔，最吸引人的是
演员的舞蹈和杂技。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指事物，故此处应用连接代词 what。故填
what。
7．Maybe it is the first impression is the strength. China Daily has become one part of my life.
【答案】because
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：也许是因为第一印象就是力量吧。《中国日报》已经成为我生活的一部分。
此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“因为”
应为 because 符合逻辑，所以此处使用连接词 because。故填 because。
8．If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s they’ll promote. But that leaves
the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【答案】what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。本句为包含
表语从句的复合句，在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词 what。故填 what。
9．Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves. They are
young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
【答案】where
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：传统武术给他们带来了一种符合他们内心自我的具体而自然的生活方式。
他们是年轻人和中国传统文化融合的地方。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故填 where。
10．Beijing Opera combines singing, reading, acting, fighting, and dancing together, using acting methods to
present characters and tell stories. That is it is a comprehensive (综合的) art.
【答案】why
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：京剧集唱、读、演、打、舞于一体，用表演的方式来表现人物、讲故事。
这就是为什么它是一门综合性的艺术。空处为表语从句的连接词，从句缺少原因状语，用 why 引导。故填
why。
11．The boy expressed his hope he would be a pilot when he grows up．
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这个男孩表示他希望长大后当一名飞行员。本空引导同位语从句，对名
词 hope 起解释说明作用，从句不缺少成分或含义，用 that 引导。故填 that。
12．Analysis of cutting marks on some head statues led to the guess they may have been stolen about 30
years ago, considering some statues were cut and stolen from a Shanxi temple in an identical way in 1993. They
were later found and returned from Taiwan in 1999.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：对一些人头雕像上的切割痕迹进行分析后，人们猜测这些雕像可能是在
30 年前被盗的，因为 1993 年山西一座寺庙的一些雕像也是以同样的方式被切割和被盗的。此处作 guess 的
同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that 引导。故填 that。
13．While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as
far south as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：虽然它们很少出现在北纬 88 度以北，但有证据表明，它们的活动范围横
跨北极，向南远至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为 there be 句型，空格后为同位语从句，
解释说明中心词 evidence 的内容，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连词 that 引导从句，故填 that。
14．After receiving a message from Rylee Anderson, 12, she was struggling with a math problem, Waba
grabbed a whiteboard and hurried to her front door.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在收到 12 岁的 Rylee Anderson 发来的一条信息，说她正在努力解决一道
数学题后，Waba 抓起一块白板，匆匆走向前门。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词 message 的内容，从
句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that 引导。故填 that。
15．The 1912 Olympic Games, held in Sweden, were the first to include athletes from were then
considered the five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and America.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：1912 年在瑞典举行的奥运会是第一次有来自当时被认为是五大洲（非洲、
亚洲、欧洲、大洋洲和美洲）的运动员参加的奥运会。分析句子结构可知，from 后面是一个宾语从句，且
从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词 what 引导，故填 what。
16．Those who like teaching they have acquired show better understanding and ability to
remember knowledge.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：那些喜欢教他们所学知识的人表现出更好的理解和记忆能力。由句
意此处为宾语从句的引导词，从句谓语动词 have acquired 之后缺少宾语，应用引导词 what，意为“……的东
西”。故填 what。
17．Mental health involves you process things such as stress and anxiety.
【答案】how
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。此处为连词引导的
宾语从句作谓语动词 involves 的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如
何，怎样”的连词 how 符合句意。故填 how。
18．One cannot help but wonder the man was holding, when looking up to the famous bronze standing
man, in Sanxingdui, an archaeological (考古) site located in Sichuan province.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在四川省三星堆考古遗址，当这名男子仰望着著名的青铜站立人时，人们
不禁想知道他拿着什么。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“人们不禁想知道他拿着什
么”，因此空格处用 what 引导宾语从句，故填 what。
19．How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men
relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：国家公园制度是如何产生的？1870 年 9 月中旬一个凉爽、星光灿烂的夜晚，
四个人在现在怀俄明州西北部的火洞河边篝火前放松休息。空处引导介词 in 的宾语从句。宾语从句缺少主
语，表示“现在是怀俄明州西北部的地方”，所以用 what 引导宾语从句。故填 what。
20．I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else
I’d said.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我只是在发泄情绪，因为我当时非常生气，但随后我的朋友却把我说的话
告诉了所有人。空处引导 told 的宾语从句。从句中缺少宾语。且表示“我所说的话”，所以用 what 引导该从
句。故填 what。
21．That changed on Jan. 2, 2019, when Chinese spacecraft Chang’e 4 made a soft landing on is often
referred to as the dark side.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这种情况在 2019 年 1 月 2 日发生了改变，在那一天，嫦娥四号在月球的暗
月面软着陆。is often referred to as the dark side.为从句作 landing on 的宾语，从句缺乏主语，指物，故填
what。
22．There are many ways you can experience tea culture in China. You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or
elsewhere to learn tea is grown and harvested.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以参观杭州或其他地方的茶园，了解如何种植和收获茶叶。空处引导
宾语从句，且从句缺少方式状语，应用 how 来修饰，故填 how。
23．Some teens consider high school to be terrible, taking up their time and loading them with many endless
responsibilities; however, for teens who can see the bigger picture, they can appreciate high school is
so important and how to make the most of it.
【答案】why
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一些青少年认为高中生活很糟糕，占用了他们的时间，让他们承担了许多
没完没了的责任；然而，对于那些能看到更大图景的青少年来说，他们能理解为什么高中如此重要，以及
如何充分利用它。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语，这里用连接副词 why“为什么”，引导宾语从句。
故填 why。
24．The scientists can set the fibers’ arrangement and spacing, which determines the man-made meat
ends up more like a burger or a steak.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们可以设定纤维的排列和间距，这决定了人造肉最终更像汉堡还是
牛排。determine 后接宾语从句，表示“是否”，用连接词 whether。故填 whether。
25．Before the discovery of these creatures, it (think) that all life on the Earth obtain nutrients from
the sun.
【答案】was thought
【详解】考查主语从句及被动语态。句意：在发现这些生物之前，人们认为地球上所有的生命都是从太阳
中获取养分的。it 是形式主语，引导一个主语从句，真正主语是 that 后面的整个从句。分析句意可知，地球
上的生命含有太阳的养分这件事情是被人们所认为的，所以应该使用 think 的被动语态，而且句子表达的意
思是已经发生完毕的事情，属于一般过去时，故答案是 was thought。
26．It is widely acknowledged Professor Hawking was one of the greatest physicists in the world.
【答案】that
【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为霍金教授是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。It is
(widely) acknowledged that...是固定句型，意为“人们(普遍)认为……”，其中 it 作形式主语，连词 that 引导主
语从句，在从句中不作成分，无实义。故填 that。
27． life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved, but the signs are promising.
【答案】Whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：其他星球上是否存在生命还有待证实，但这些迹象很有希望。分析句子结
构可知，此处应为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分，但是句意不完整，结合句意可知，此
处应表示“是否”为 whether，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Whether。
28． I have harvested most from the contest is not the award but the improvement of my pronunciation
and the fun of acting.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这次比赛让我收获最多的不是奖项，而是发音的提高和表演的乐趣。分析
句子可知，空处与 I have harvested most from the contest 为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示事物，用连接
代词 what 引导从句，放在句首，首字母大写。故填 What。
29． they found was that expressing and receiving appreciation increased happiness for both sides.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他们发现，表达和接受赞赏会增加双方的幸福感。在主语从句中缺少宾语，
且是指事物，所以应用连接代词 what。句首首字母应大写。故填 What。
30．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash
in pretty colours and fun shapes. The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the
shell of the firework.
【答案】what
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：火药和化学化合物的爆炸性混合物是使烟花以绚丽多彩和有趣形状闪烁的
原因。它们所呈现的图案取决于这些化合物在烟花外壳内的放置位置。空处引导表语从句，表语从句中缺
少主语，且表示“使烟花以绚丽多彩和有趣形状闪烁的的东西”，所以应用 what 引导该从句。故填 what。
题型二 定语从句单句语法填空
31．We’re just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们尝试达到一个阶段，双方都可以坐下来洽谈。先行词是抽象名词 point，
定语从句不缺少主语和宾语，应作地点状语。故答案是 where。
32．I ran through the crowd of people were hurrying to get on the train.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我跑过那些正匆忙赶火车的人群。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句
的复合句，先行词是 people，指人，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词 who 或 that 引导该从句，故填
who/that 。
33．It is one of the reasons he gave for being late yesterday.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他昨天迟到给出的原因之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从
句，先行词是 reasons ，指物，在从句中作 gave 的宾语，所以可以用 that 或 which 引导，故填 that/which。
34．Learning strategies, to teachers attach significance, haven’t drawn enough attention of students.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师强调的学习策略没有吸引学生足够多的注意力。此处是“介词+关系代
词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 learning strategies，指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词 to 的宾语，应
用关系代词 which，attach significance to“强调，认为……很重要”，故填 which。
35．Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, Heitler was in power.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，爱因斯坦不得不逃离希特勒掌权的德国。空处引导定语从句，先行
词是 Germany，在从句中作地点状语，用 where 引导。故填 where。
36．The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J. K. Rowling, inspired us a lot.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师让我们听他最喜欢的小说家 J. K.罗琳的演讲，这给了我们很大的启发。
空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前文提到的事，在从句中作主语，用 which 引导。故填 which。
37．We were very impressed by the old man, was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位不服输的老人给我们留下了深刻的印象。空处引导非限制性定语从句，
先行词 the old man，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词 who 引导。故填 who。
38．At the time Mr Yang entered the space programme, astronauts had to be shorter than 170cm in
height and less than 65kg in weight.
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在杨先生进入太空计划的时候，宇航员必须身高不超过 170 厘米，体重不
超过 65 公斤。定语从句修饰先行词 time，关系词在从句作时间状语，故填 when。
39．Festivals are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从
句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词 occasions 指的是场合，所以使用 that 或 which。故填
that/which。
40．I like big parties you can dance, have fun and meet new people.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢大型派对，在那里你可以跳舞，玩得开心，认识新朋友。定语从句
修饰先行词 parties，在从句作地点状语，故填 where。
41．Is this the museum you once paid a visit to
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：这是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆吗？空格处引导定语从句，修饰先
行词 the museum，在从句中作介词 to 的宾语，用关系代词 that/which。故答案是 that/which。
42．He fell into the condition his heart disqualified him for military service.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他陷入这种境地——心脏病使他不符合服兵役的条件。分析句子结构可知，
空处引导定语从句，从句缺状语，先行词是抽象地点名词“condition”，故用关系副词 where 或介词+关系代
词 in which 的形式引导定语从句，鉴于该题属于无提示词的语法填空，故最好填一个词。故答案是 where。
43．She wants a job her management skills can be put to good use.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。分析句子结构可知，空处
引导定语从句，从句缺状语，先行词是抽象地点名词 job，故用关系副词 where 引导从句。故答案是 where。
44．One has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个对自己没有什么可害怕的人敢于说实话。空处引导限制性定语从句，
修饰先行词 One，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who 引导从句。故填 who。
45．The old man has two sons, both of are lawyers.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人有两个儿子，都是律师。分析句子结构可知，“both of are
lawyers”是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，从句缺介词 of 的宾语，先行词是“sons”，指人，故用关系代词
whom 引导从句。故答案是 whom。
46．The house the windows of are broken is empty.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：窗户被打破的房子是空的。此处是定语从句，先行词是 The house，与 the
windows 为所属关系，the windows of which=whose windows。故填 which。
47．Lillian works in a government office in there are many different departments.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：Lillian 在一个有许多不同部门的政府办公室工作。空格处是“介词+关
系代词”结构引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a government office，指物，应该 which。故填 which。
48．He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信里他解释了在事故中发生的事。设空处引导限制性定
语从句，设空处指代先行词 a letter，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
49．He wrote a letter explained what had happened in the accident.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：他写了一封信，信中解释了事故中发生的事情。空格处引导定语从
句，修饰先行词 a letter，关系词在从句中作主语，用 that/which 引导定语从句。故填 that/which。
50．Was it October 1, 1949 the People’s Republic of China was founded
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：是 1949 年 10 月 1 日中华人民共和国成立的吗？空处引导定语从句，修饰
先行词“October 1, 1949”，且在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词 when 引导该从句。故填 when。
51．The orphan came from Hainan Province, is far away from here.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个孤儿来自海南省，离这里很远。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制
性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是 Hainan Province，指物，故用关系代词 which 引导从句。故填 which。
52．This is the way he thought of to solve the problem.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他想到的解决问题的方法。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
the way，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作介词 of 的宾语，应用关系代词 that/which 引导从句。故填
that/which。
53．The teacher didn’t know the reason she was absent yesterday.
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师不知道她今天缺席的原因。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是 the
reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词 why 引导。故填 why。
54．Chaplin acted in 82 films, many of he wrote and directed himself.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：卓别林出演了 82 部电影，其中许多是他亲自编写和导演的。本句为包含定
语从句的复合句，使用了“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句，修饰先行词 films。因空白处指代前面提到的
物体或事物，使用关系代词 which 引导定语从句。故填 which。
55．It was the hospital he came across a friend of his.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在那家医院遇到了一个朋友。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the
hospital，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 引导该从句。故填 where。
56．The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看
起来非常完美。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 woman，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和 hair color
之间是所属关系，应用关系代词 whose 作引导词。故填 whose。
57．Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in
southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with
12.3 million acres.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：黄石公园曾是美国最大的国家公园，面积达 220 万英亩，直到阿拉斯加南
部的 Wrangell-Saint Elias 于 1978 年成为国家纪念地，并于 1980 年以 1230 万英亩的面积获得国家公园荣誉。
设空处引导非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词 Wrangell-Saint Elias，在从句中作主语，先行词指物，从
句用关系代词 which 引导，故填 which。
58．The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern
part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from
their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：温室作为当代设计的一项伟大成就，位于一条路径的尽头，这条路径追溯
了丝绸之路的足迹，正是通过这条路，植物从它们在亚洲的原始栖息地被带到了英国，成为定义英国园艺
丰富性的重要因素。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Silk Route，先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，
用关系代词 which 或 that 引导从句。故填 which/that。
59．For this reason, there are many buildings from the Qing and Ming eras remain unchanged in their
architectural styles today.
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，今天仍有许多清朝和明朝时期的建筑在建筑风格上保持不变。分析
句子结构可知应填入关系代词引导定语从句并作主语，先行词是 buildings，所以用关系代词 which 或 that 引
导，故填 which 或 that。
60．The long-awaited TV series title is Blossoms Shanghai was released in two versions — Mandarin
(普通话) and the Shanghai dialect—on Dec 27, quickly soaring as one of the most popular dramas during the New
Year’s period.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：期待已久的电视剧《繁花》于 12 月 27 日以国语和上海方言两个版本上映，
迅速成为春节期间最受欢迎的电视剧之一。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 TV series，在从句作定
语，应用关系代词 whose 引导该从句。故填 whose。
题型三 状语从句单句语法填空
61．We didn’t stop chasing after the rabbit it got completely out of sight.
【答案】until
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：直到那只免子完全消失在我们的视线中，我们才不追了。这里构成 not….until…
固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，until 引导时间状语从句。故填 until。
62． we don’t protect the earth, we will have no clean water to drink.
【答案】If
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有清洁水饮用。引导条件状语从句，表示“如
果”应用 if，首字母大写。故填 If。
63．As we can see, developing a good habit is so important I would like to introduce one kind of good
learning habit－keep a learning diary every day.
【答案】that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：正如我们看到的那样，养成一个好的习惯如此重要，以至于我想介绍
一种好的学习习惯，即每天都要记学习笔记。根据句意可知此处考查 so...that…“如此……以至于……”，引
导结果状语从句。故填 that。
64．Dad offered to take us to the ancient city of Pompeii. I didn't really want to go I had no interest in old
cities.
【答案】because/as
【详解】考查连词。句意：爸爸提出要带我们去庞贝古城。我并不是真的想去，因为我对古城没有兴趣。
根据语境可知空后是空前的原因，此处可以用 because 或 as 引导原因状语从句。故填 because/as。
65． her friends came to their house, Kendall Rae enjoyed sharing what she knew about farming.
【答案】When
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：当朋友们来她家做客时，Kendall Rae 喜欢分享她对农业的了解。根据
句意可知，此处为连词 when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故填 When。
66．Think first you lose patience with someone you love.
【答案】before
【详解】考查连词、时间状语从句。句意：在你对所爱之人失去耐心之前先想一想。根据句意可知，此处
表示“在……之前”，用连词 before 引导时间状语从句。故填 before。
67． you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
【答案】Once
【详解】考查连词。句意：一旦你很清楚你的理由，那么就告诉你的家人或者室友你想做出的改变。分析
句子可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦”，需用 once，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Once。
68． she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit.
【答案】Although/Though/While
【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管她很早就建立了一家公司，但她主要不是受利润驱动。分析句子可知，前
后属于让步关系，需用连词 although/though/while，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填
Although/Though/While。
69．Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project he asked the children one
day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
【答案】when
【详解】考查连词。句意：当有一天他问孩子们，如果认为自己不会成为总统就举手时，他想到了一个二
年级学生的总统竞选节目。分析句子可知，he asked the children one day to raise their hands 作时间状语，从句
缺乏状语，故用 when 引导时间状语从句。故填 when。
70．Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to
raise their hands they thought they could never be a president.
【答案】if
【详解】考查连词。句意：当有一天他问孩子们，如果认为自己不会成为总统就举手，他想到了一个二年
级学生的总统竞选节目。分析句子可知，they thought they could never be a president 作条件状语，从句结构
完整，表示“如果”，需用 if 引导条件状语从句。故填 if。
71．One solution to this problem is to collect and preserve the seeds of as many different species as we can
they disappear.
【答案】before
【详解】考查连词。句意：解决这个问题的一个办法是在种子消失之前，尽可能收集并保存好它们。分析
句子结构可知，空格处应填入从句连接词。结合句意可知，此处指在种子消失前，收集并保存它们。故填
连词 before（在……之前）引导时间状语从句。故填 before。
72．In the following years, Deng has dedicated himself to training, struggling for an opportunity to fly
into space, he has always been inches away from good luck and has yet to make it.
【答案】while/although/though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：在接下来的几年里，尽管 Deng 一直致力于训练，努力争取进入太空的
机会，但他总是与好运近在咫尺，至今仍未实现。后文 he has always been inches away from good luck and has
yet to make it 和前文之间存在转折关系，因位于句子开头部分，此处可用从属连词 while 或 although 或 though
引导让步状语从句。故填 while/although/though。
73． you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time.
【答案】Unless
【详解】考查连词。句意：除非你打电话告诉我你不来了，否则我们就在上次见面的地方见。由“you call me
to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time”可知，句子表示“除非你打电话告
诉我你不来了，否则我们就在上次见面的地方见”，空格处意为“除非”，用 unless，引导条件状语从句，位
于句首，首字母大写，故填 Unless。
74． (assume) the weather is favourable, farmers will have a good harvest.
【答案】Assuming
【详解】考查连词。句意：假设天气有利，那么农民们就可以有一个好收成。结合句意并分析句子结构可
知，空处需填连词，引导条件状语从句，assuming 作连词，表示“假设，假如”，符合句意。故填 Assuming。
75．Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier it used to be.
【答案】than
【详解】考查比较状语从句。句意：在 21 世纪建造一座摩天大楼要比过去容易得多。空前使用了比较级，
空后为比较状语从句，所以空处填 than，故填 than。
76．So absorbed was he in his work he forgot to have lunch.
【答案】that
【详解】考查固定句型、结果状语从句。句意：他对工作太投入了,忘了吃午饭。根据句意和题干中的倒装
结构可知，此处为固定句型 so…that…引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填 that。
77．Natural bird habitats are most commonly found there is an ample supply of water for drinking,
swimming, and bathing.
【答案】where
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：天然的鸟类栖息地最常见的地方是有充足的饮用水，游泳和洗澡的水
供应。分析句子可知，设空处连词引导地点状语从句，应用 where 引导。故填 where。
78．Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road Initiative.
【答案】where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，江苏将对“一带一路倡议”贡献更多。设空处
引导地点状语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，因此用 where 引导。
79．Apart from that, the decorated resumes do little help to find a job most HR managers pay more
attention to skills.
【答案】because
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：除此之外，装饰华丽的简历对找工作几乎没有帮助，因为大多数人力资源
经理更注重技能。引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”应用 because，故填 because。
80．He is different from his workmates in he devotes his spare time to reading.
【答案】that
【详解】考查连词。句意：他和他的同事不同，因为他把业余时间都用来读书。分析可知，in that“因为”，
引导原因状语从句。故填 that。
题型四 综合语法填空
Passage 1 （沈阳二中 2024 年高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As cities continue expanding, it is becoming more important than ever to find ways to create sustainable and
livable cities. Biophilic design (生物亲和设计 ), an approach that has gained great attention in recent years, is
thought to be 81 (work). This approach seeks to incorporate elements of nature into the built
environment, 82 aim is to improve the health of citizens and create more sustainable urban spaces.
Biophilic design 83 (root) in the idea that humans have a natural connection to nature and that
incorporating natural elements into our surroundings can have 84 positive impact on our health. It
recognizes that spending time in nature has been demonstrated 85 (reduce) stress and increase overall
happiness.
One way to include biophilic design elements in urban environments is through the use of natural materials.
Instead of relying on artificial materials that result 86 various problems, like plastic, biophilic design
encourages the use of materials 87 (source) from nature, like wood or stone. These material create a
more 88 (visual) attractive environment and produce a sense of connection to the natural world.
Another key element of biophilic design involves adding plants to the built environment 89 by
bringing plants into urban spaces, biophilic design establishes a more calming environment. According to many
studies, the 90 (expose) to green can increase productivity and promote health.
【答案】
81．workable 82．whose 83．is rooted 84．a 85．to reduce 86．in 87．sourced
88．visually 89．and 90．exposure
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物亲和设计的概念、理念、以及在城市环境中的应用方式，
旨在解释这种设计方法如何有助于创建可持续和宜居的城市。
81．考查形容词。句意：近年来备受关注的生物亲和设计被认为是一种可行的方法。空处为形容词 workable
充当表语，意为“可行的”。故填 workable。
82．考查定语从句。句意：这种方法旨在将自然元素融入建筑环境，其目标是改善公民的健康状况并创造
更可持续的城市空间。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“this approach”，和空后的名词“aim”之间为所属
关系，用关系代词 whose。故填 whose。
83．考查时态和语态。句意：生物亲和设计植根于这样一个理念，即人类与自然有着天然的联系，将自然
元素融入我们的周围环境可以对我们的健康产生积极影响。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句
时态为一般现在时；主语为“Biophilic design”，单数，和动词“root”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故
填 is rooted。
84．考查冠词。句意：生物亲和设计植根于这样一个理念，即人类与自然有着天然的联系，将自然元素融
入我们的周围环境可以对我们的健康产生积极影响。固定结构：have a/an…impact on，意为“对……有……
影响”，positive 发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a 修饰。故填 a。
85．考查非谓语动词。句意：它认识到，接触自然已被证明能够减轻压力并增加整体幸福感。非谓语动词
担当补语，用动词不定式形式。故填 to reduce。
86．考查固定短语。句意：生物亲和设计鼓励使用来自自然的材料，如木材或石头，而不是依赖塑料等会
导致各种问题的人造材料。固定短语：result in，意为“导致”，符合句意。故填 in。
87．考查非谓语动词。句意：生物亲和设计鼓励使用来自自然的材料，如木材或石头，而不是依赖塑料等
会导致各种问题的人造材料。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“materials”和动词“source”之间为被动关
系，用过去分词形式。故填 sourced。
88．考查副词。句意：这些材料创造了一个更具视觉吸引力的环境，并产生了一种与自然世界相连的感觉。
空处为副词形式，修饰形容词。故填 visually。
89．考查连词。句意：生物亲和设计的另一个关键元素涉及在建筑环境中添加植物，通过将植物引入城市
空间，生物亲和设计营造了一个更加宁静的环境。空前“Another key element of biophilic design involves adding
plants to the built environment”和空后“by bringing plants into urban spaces, biophilic design establishes a more
calming environment.”之间为并列关系，用 and 连接。故填 and。
90．考查名词。句意：根据许多研究，接触绿色可以提高生产力和促进健康。空处为名词形式，担当本句
主语，且为不可数名词。故填 exposure。
Passage 2 （重庆南开中学 2024 年高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Distracted driving is an ongoing problem. A new poll by State Farm, 91 insurance company,
proves once again that the roads are full of fools. One in five of the 912 drivers 92 (survey) last
November admitted accessing the Internet on their smartphones while driving. Over the past several months, the
company 93 (conduct) a deeper study. 94 (teenager) and young adults are more addicted to
their phones, and they’re also less experienced drivers, a reason for danger on the roads with a likely 95
(high) percentage of smartphone use while driving.
Despite 96 (acknowledge) the dangers, none of the guilty drivers seems to be ashamed of 97
(them). “I’m not saying it’s the smartest thing in the world,” says Sean Black, a 38-year-old Illinois resident, “but I
guess I just do it anyway.”Maybe, to a certain degree, this behavior will never change 98 a near-accident
or actual crash doesn’t take place. Even then, the change will only happen 99 the basis of each
individual case, and it puts the lives and well-being of innocents at the mercy of those 100 are too lazy
to change their habits.
【答案】
91．an 92．surveyed 93．has conducted 94．Teenagers 95．higher 96．acknowledging
97．themselves 98．if 99．on 100．who
【导语】本文为说明文。文章通过引用保险公司 State Farm 的民调数据来说明分心驾驶，特别是开车时使用
智能手机的问题，并分析了这一行为的主要群体特征及其潜在危害。
91．考查冠词。句意：州立农场保险公司，一家保险公司，进行的新民调再次证明，路上到处都是傻瓜。insurance
company 为可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指“一家保险公司”，且 insurance 发音以元音音素开头，应用不
定冠词 an。故填 an。
92．考查非谓语动词。句意：在去年 11 月接受调查的 912 名司机中，有五分之一的人承认在开车时访问智
能手机上的互联网。本句谓语为 admitted，此处为非谓语动词，survey“调查”与 drivers 之间为动宾关系，且
表示动作已完成，因此用过去分词，作后置定语。故填 surveyed。
93．考查时态、主谓一致。句意：在过去几个月里，该公司进行了更深入的研究。conduct“实施”。根据时
间状语 Over the past several months 可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语 the company 为第三人称单数，助动词
用 has。故填 has conducted。
94．考查名词的数。句意：青少年和年轻人更沉迷于他们的手机，而且他们也是经验较少的司机，这是道
路上存在危险的一个原因，可能有更高的比例在开车时使用智能手机。teenager“青少年”为可数名词，青少
年不止一个，应用名词复数形式，与 young adults 并列，作主语。故填 Teenagers。
95．考查形容词比较级。句意：青少年和年轻人更沉迷于他们的手机，而且他们也是经验较少的司机，这
是道路上存在危险的一个原因，可能有更高的比例在开车时使用智能手机。根据上文 less experienced drivers
可知，此处暗含比较，应用比较级形式 higher“更高的”，作定语，修饰名词 percentage。故填 higher。
96．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管承认了危险，但似乎没有一个有罪的司机为自己感到羞耻。despite 为介
词，后接 acknowledge“承认”的动名词 acknowledging，作 Despite 的宾语。故填 acknowledging。
97．考查代词。句意：尽管承认了危险，但似乎没有一个有罪的司机为自己感到羞耻。司机们没有为“他们
自己的行为”感到羞耻，此处用反身代词 themselves“他们自己”，来指代上下文中提及到的 the guilty drivers“内
疚的司机”他们自己，作 of 的宾语。故填 themselves。
98．考查条件状语从句。句意：也许，在某种程度上，如果没有发生近乎事故或实际的撞车事故，这种行
为永远不会改变。空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用 if 引导。故填 if。
99．考查介词。句意：即便如此，这种改变也只会发生在每个个案的基础上，它将无辜者的生命和福祉置
于那些懒得改变习惯的人的摆布之下。on the basis of 为固定短语，意为“基于……”。故填 on。
100．考查定语从句。句意：即便如此，这种改变也只会发生在每个个案的基础上，它将无辜者的生命和福
祉置于那些懒得改变习惯的人的摆布之下。空处引导定语从句，先行词是 those，指人，关系词代替先行词
在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who 引导。故填 who。
