第12讲 完形填空夹叙夹议文（练习）（含答案） 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）

第 12 讲 完形填空（夹叙夹议文）
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】人与社会类夹叙夹议文的考查
【题型二】人与自我类夹叙夹议文的考查
【题型三】人与自然类夹叙夹议文的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 人与社会类夹叙夹议文的考查（15 空）
1.（2024·陕西榆林·一模）“Enjoy the little things in life, for one day you’ll look back and realize they were
the big things.” This 1 has stuck with me since the first time I read it. And it just makes so much
2 .
Just the other day I caught a cold, the flu made me feel so 3 and sleepy. How I wished it was a
4 already. But it was Monday. I had to go to work.
We have a care taker at work. Her name was Lucy, who usually 5 some nice lunch for us. She
asked me with 6 if I was ill. After realizing that I was not okay, she was 7 me.
As this serious illness made me 8 , Lucy hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some medicine to
9 my headache. Her kind gesture and 10 melted my heart. I mean, she didn’t have to do that but she
went out of her way to 11 it for me. I felt so good, I felt loved, I felt visible and it was a huge
12 .
Life is made up of the 13 things. These little things go 14 most of the time so that we
might ignore them. But they’re the biggest things and 15 the best things. If you can collect these little
things, you’ll 16 feel alone. These little things give hope and 17 for doing more and doing
better.
Therefore, if something 18 makes your soul smile, note it and let it 19 on your mind
and be remembered during dull days that life may 20 .
1．A．quote B．routine C．privilege D．service
2．A．trouble B．pressure C．sense D．fun
3．A．proud B．weak C．active D．ambitious
4．A．balance B．breath C．pause D．weekend
5．A．prepares B．sells C．borrows D．wastes
6．A．concern B．delight C．certainty D．caution
7．A．displeased with B．interested in C．ashamed of D．sympathetic to
8．A．eye-catching B．head-spinning C．heartbreaking D．breathtaking
9．A．observe B．examine C．treat D．urge
10．A．gratitude B．thankfulness C．thoughtfulness D．display
11．A．make B．ruin C．improve D．change
12．A．relief B．promise C．wish D．direction
13．A．harmful B．little C．empty D．big
14．A．unhurt B．unnoticed C．unfortunate D．unafraid
15．A．temporarily B．doubtfully C．casually D．definitely
16．A．often B．always C．never D．sometimes
17．A．difference B．strength C．struggle D．campaign
18．A．tiny B．boring C．meaningless D．precise
19．A．feed B．strike C．stick D．hang
20．A．make a decision B．block your way C．keep your word D．have a point
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A
12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者生病被同事照料的故事，从而感悟：如果某件小事让你的灵
魂微笑，请记下它，让它留在你的脑海中，并在生活中可能会阻碍你前进的无聊日子里回忆它。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我第一次读到这句话，它就一直萦绕在我的脑海里。 A. quote 引语；B.
routine 常规；C. privilege 特权；D. service 服务。由上文“Enjoy the little things in life, for one day you’ll look back
and realize they were the big things.”以及语境可知，这是一句“引语”。故选 A 项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这真是太有意义了。A. trouble 故障；B. pressure 压力；C. sense 感觉，意义；
D. fun 快乐。由下文“I felt loved, I felt visible and it was a huge 　　　　12　　　　.”以及语境可知，作者从
这次被同事照顾的小事中感触很深，所以这里应表示认为前面这句引语很有“意义”。故选 C 项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在前几天我感冒了，流感让我觉得很虚弱，很困。A. proud 骄傲的；B. weak
虚弱的；C. active 积极的；D. ambitious 雄心勃勃的。由上文“I caught a cold”可知，因为感冒了，所以作者
很“虚弱”。故选 B 项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我多么希望已经是周末了。 A. balance 平衡；B. breath 呼吸；C. pause 停顿；
D. weekend 周末。由下文“it was Monday. I had to go to work.”可知，作者感冒了，所以希望是“周末”，在家
休息可以不用上班。故选 D 项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的名字叫露西，她经常为我们准备一些美味的午餐。A. prepares 准备；B. sells
出售；C. borrows 借；D. wastes 浪费。根据前文“We have a care taker at work. Her name was Lucy”可知，露西
是一名护工，所以是为他们准备午餐。故选 A 项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她关切地问我是否生病了。A. concern 关心；B. delight 喜悦；C. certainty 确
定性；D. caution 小心。由下文“if I was ill”可知，这里指 Lucy“关心”作者是否生病了。故选 A 项。
7．考查形容词词组辨析。句意：在意识到我身体不好后，她对我很同情。A. displeased with 对……不满意；
B. interested in 对……感兴趣；C. ashamed of 为……感到羞愧；D. sympathetic to 对……同情。由下文“Lucy
hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some medicine”可知，这里指得知作者生病了，Lucy 是对作者“充满同情
的”。故选 D 项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这场重病使我头晕，露西赶紧去医院拿药来治我的头痛。 A. eye-catching
引人注目的；B. head-spinning 令人头晕的；C. heartbreaking 令人心碎的；D. breathtaking 惊险的。由下文“my
headache”可知，这里指这场病让作者“头晕”。故选 B 项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于这场重病使我头晕，露西赶紧去医院拿药来治我的头痛。A. observe 观
察；B. examine 检查；C. treat 治疗；D. urge 催促。由上文“Lucy hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some
medicine”可知，Lucy 拿药是为了“治疗”作者头疼。故选 C 项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和蔼的举动和体贴融化了我的心。A. gratitude 感激；B. thankfulness 感谢；
C. thoughtfulness 体贴；D. display 陈列。由上文“Lucy hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some medicine”可
知，这里指 Lucy 的“体贴”做法融化了作者的心。故选 C 项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是说，她没必要这么做但她特意为我做了。A. make 做；B. ruin 破坏；C.
improve 改善；D. change 改变。根据前文“I mean, she didn’t have to do that but”转折可知，她可以没必要这么
做但她做了。故选 A 项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉很好，我感觉被爱了，我感觉自己被看见了，这是一种巨大的缓解。
A. relief 缓解；B. promise 承诺；C. wish 愿望；D. direction 方向。由上文“my headache”可知，Lucy 的举动
让作者心暖，头痛也感觉有所“缓解”。故选 A 项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活是由点点滴滴组成的。A. harmful 有害的；B. little 小的；C. empty 空
的；D. big 大的。根据后文的“These little things”可知，生活是由小事情组成的。故选 B 项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些小事情大部分时间都不被注意，所以我们可能会忽略它们。 A. unhurt
未受伤的；B. unnoticed 未被注意到的；C. unfortunate 不幸的；D. unafraid 无所畏惧的。由下文“we might ignore
them”可知，我们大部分时间“没有注意到”这些小事。故选 B 项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但它们是最重要的东西，绝对也是最好的东西。A. temporarily 暂时地；B.
doubtfully 怀疑地；C. casually 随意地；D. definitely 明确地，肯定。由“the best things”以及语境可知，这里
表示这些小事“肯定”是最好的东西。故选 D 项。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你能收集这些小东西，你永远不会感到孤独。A. often 经常；B. always
总是；C. never 从不；D. sometimes 有时。根据前文“If you can collect these little things”可知，此处应是“如果
你能收集这些小东西，你永远不会感到孤独”符合语境。故选 C 项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些小事给了我们希望和力量，让我们做得更多，做得更好。A. difference
差别；B. strength 力量；C. struggle 努力；D. campaign 运动。根据前文“give hope and”可知，空处应和前文
的 hope 并列，结合选项应是“strength 力量”符合语境。故选 B 项。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果某件小事让你的灵魂微笑，请记下它，让它留在你的脑海中，
并在生活可能会阻碍你前进的无聊日子里回忆它。A. tiny 小的；B. boring 烦恼的；C. meaningless 没有意义
的；D. precise 精确的。由上文“ These little things give hope”可知，是指小事，是 little 的同义词复现。故选 A
项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果某件小事让你的灵魂微笑，请记下它，让它留在你的脑海中，
并在生活可能会阻碍你前进的无聊日子里回忆它。A. feed 喂养；B. strike 罢工；C. stick 放置；D. hang 悬挂。
由下文“be remembered”可知，这里指让这些小事放在你心上，永远记住。故选 C 项。
20．考查动词词组辨析。句意：因此，如果某件小事让你的灵魂微笑，请记下它，让它留在你的脑海中，
并在生活可能会阻碍你前进的无聊日子里回忆它。A. make a decision 作出决定；B. block your way 挡住你的
路；C. keep your word 遵守你的诺言；D. have a point 有道理。由下文“dull days”以及语境可知，这里指那些
“挡住你的路”，也就是阻碍你前进的日子。故选 B 项。
2.（2024·陕西渭南·三模）I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom. But I thought my
mother really 21 a long life. She was kind, 22 and filled with love. During her last four years,
she fought 23 against cancer and never gave up. I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her,
something I didn’t do that much as a child. I 24 not telling her that more often when I was a child.
25 , she passed away at the age of 55.
After her 26 , my own health broke. I developed double pneumonia (肺炎). Later, although my
body 27 , my spirit remained burdened with 28 . I couldn’t imagine living without my mom,
and I wanted my 29 to know her love. One day, while I sat 30 on the couch, my little girl
climbed onto my laps to 31 me. Her brother joined her, and I held them both 32 . In that
moment, I felt Mom’s loving 33 in the room. I knew I had to keep going.
I promised myself that I would 34 stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children. I
believed that her 35 spirit would always live within me. I could hear her laughter in my mind, 36
me to rise up and live again.
Each day is a fresh beginning. Mom lived by this 37 . She never wasted a single moment, 38
laughter, love, and kindness to everyone she met. Each day, she made the world a 39 place for our
family. I will strive to follow her example and embrace each day as a new 40 for joy and growth.
21．A．deserved B．selected C．admitted D．calculated
22．A．depressed B．frightened C．cheerful D．upset
23．A．aimlessly B．bravely C．impatiently D．recently
24．A．regret B．practice C．imagine D．finish
25．A．Unluckily B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
26．A．desire B．concept C．disability D．death
27．A．clicked B．scared C．recovered D．governed
28．A．depth B．energy C．sympathy D．sadness
29．A．soldiers B．children C．witnesses D．pensioners
30．A．in conclusion B．by accident C．in pain D．in time
31．A．comfort B．bother C．convince D．protect
32．A．carelessly B．differently C．angrily D．closely
33．A．presence B．attitude C．disappearance D．guidance
34．A．compare B．combine C．lecture D．share
35．A．ambitious B．positive C．boring D．negative
36．A．tricking B．urging C．forbidding D．warning
37．A．lie B．adventure C．principle D．award
38．A．preventing B．spreading C．explaining D．losing
39．A．better B．harder C．smaller D．larger
40．A．protest B．order C．opportunity D．mistake
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C
31．A 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了母亲生前的善良、乐观和爱心，以及自己小时候没有充分表
达爱意的遗憾。母亲去世后，作者身体和精神都受到了打击，但在儿女的陪伴下感受到了母亲的爱意，决
定继续前行。作者承诺要将母亲的爱和美好灵魂传承给孩子们，并努力践行母亲的生活态度，珍惜每一天，
拥抱生活的喜悦和成长。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我觉得我母亲确实值得长寿。A. deserved 值得；B. selected 挑选；C. admitted
承认；D. calculated 计算。根据上文“I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom”和下文“She was
kind, ___2__and filled with love.”可推知，作者认为像妈妈这样的人，应该得到长寿。故选 A。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她善良、开朗、充满爱。A. depressed 沮丧的；B. frightened 害怕的；C. cheerful
开朗的；D. upset 沮丧的。根据下文“never gave up”可知，作者的妈妈得了癌症也没有放弃，所以她是开朗
的。故选 C。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在生命的最后四年里，她勇敢地与癌症作斗争，从未放弃。A. aimlessly 漫
无目的地；B. bravely 勇敢地；C. impatiently 不耐烦地；D. recently 最近。根据下文“never gave up”可知，作
者的妈妈得了癌症没有放弃，因此是勇敢地与癌症作斗争。故选 B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后悔小时候没有更经常地告诉她。A. regret 后悔；B. practice 练习；C. imagine
想象；D. finish 完成。根据上文“I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her, something I didn’t do that
much as a child”可知，作者每天打电话给妈妈说爱她，应该是后悔小时候没这么做。故选 A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，她在 55 岁时去世了。A. Unluckily 不幸的是；B. Generally 通常，
普遍地；C. Immediately 立刻；D. Obviously 显然。根据下文“she passed away at the age of 55”可知，作者妈
妈去世了，这是不幸的事情。故选 A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她死后，我的身体也垮了。A. desire 渴望；B. concept 概念；C. disability 残
疾；D. death 死亡。根据上文“she passed away at the age of 55”可知，作者妈妈去世了，在她死后，作者身体
也垮了。故选 D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，虽然我的身体恢复了，但我的精神仍然背负着悲伤。A. clicked 点击；
B. scared 使害怕；C. recovered 恢复；D. governed 统治，管理。根据上文“although my body”和下文“my spirit
remained burdened with__8__”可知，虽然作者的身体恢复了，但作者的精神仍然背负着悲伤。故选 C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，虽然我的身体恢复了，但我的精神仍然背负着悲伤。A. depth 深度；
B. energy 能量；C. sympathy 同情；D. sadness 悲伤。根据下文“I couldn’t imagine living without my mom”可
知，作者妈妈去世了，作者无法想象没有妈妈的生活，可见作者是悲伤的。故选 D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象没有妈妈的生活，我想让我的孩子们知道她的爱。A. soldiers 士
兵；B. children 孩子；C. witnesses 目击者；D. pensioners 领养老金者。根据下文“I promised myself that I
would__14__ stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children”可知，作者想要让自己的孩子们知道妈
妈的爱。故选 B。
30．考查固定短语辨析。句意：一天，当我痛苦地坐在沙发上时，我的小女儿爬到我的腿上安慰我。A. in
conclusion 总之；B. by accident 偶然；C. in pain 在痛苦中；D. in time 及时。根据上文“my spirit remained
burdened with__8__”可知，作者很悲伤，因此是痛苦地坐在沙发上。故选 C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我痛苦地坐在沙发上时，我的小女儿爬到我的腿上安慰我。A. comfort
安慰；B. bother 费心；C. convince 使确信，使信服；D. protect 保护。根据上文“I sat__10___ on the couch”可
知，作者痛苦地坐在沙发上，所以作者的女儿来安慰作者。故选 A。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她哥哥也跟着她，我紧紧地抱着他们俩。A. carelessly 粗心地；B. differently
不同地；C. angrily 愤怒地；D. closely 紧紧地。根据上文“I held them both”可知，作者紧紧地抱着自己的子
女。故选 D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我感到妈妈的爱在房间里。A. presence 出席，存在；B. attitude
态度；C. disappearance 消失；D. guidance 指导。根据上文“I wanted my__9___to know her love”和“I held them
both ___12__. In that moment, I felt Mom’s loving”可知，作者想要孩子们知道母亲的爱，当紧紧地抱着孩子
们的时候作者感觉到妈妈的爱在房间里，空格处意为“存在”。故选 A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，我要和孩子们分享妈妈的爱和美丽灵魂的故事。A. compare
比较；B. combine 结合；C. lecture 作演讲；D. share 分享。根据上文“I wanted my__9___to know her love”和
下文“stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children”可知，作者想让孩子们知道妈妈的爱，因此是
要和孩子们分享妈妈的爱和美丽灵魂的故事。故选 D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信她积极向上的精神将永远活在我心中。A. ambitious 雄心勃勃的；
B. positive 积极的；C. boring 无聊的；D. negative 消极的。根据上文“She was kind, ___2__and filled with
love.”可知，作者的妈妈很开朗，因此是有积极向上的精神。故选 B。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能在脑海中听到她的笑声，催促我站起来重新生活。A. tricking 欺骗；B.
urging 催促；C. forbidding 禁止；D. warning 警告。根据下文“me to rise up and live again”可知，作者妈妈的
笑声是催促作者站起来重新生活。故选 B。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈就是这样生活的。A. lie 谎言；B. adventure 冒险；C. principle 原则；
D. award 奖，奖品。根据上文“Each day is a fresh beginning”可知，这是妈妈所遵从的一个原则，妈妈一直就
是这么生活的。故选 C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从不浪费一分一秒，把笑声、爱和善良传播给她遇到的每一个人。A.
preventing 阻止；B. spreading 传播；C. explaining 解释；D. losing 丢失。根据下文“laughter, love, and kindness
to everyone she met”可知，作者的妈妈是想把笑声、爱和善良传播给她遇到的每一个人。故选 B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一天，她都让我们家的世界变得更美好。A. better 更好的；B. harder 更
难的；C. smaller 更小的；D. larger 更大的。根据上文“___18__ laughter, love, and kindness to everyone she
met”可知，作者的妈妈传播笑声、爱和善良，因此把家里变得更好。故选 A。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将努力以她为榜样，把每一天都当作快乐和成长的新机会。A. protest 抗
议；B. order 命令；C. opportunity 机会；D. mistake 错误。根据上文“embrace each day”和下文“for joy and
growth”可知，作者把每一天都当作快乐和成长的新机会。故选 C。
3.（2024·黑龙江·模拟预测）I was having coffee with a friend recently when she leaned across the table and
said, “No matter what I do as a parent, I feel like I’m being taken for granted. All my child seems to do is shout at
me, 41 me or ask me for things. I just feel so 42 .”
Let’s face it — parenting is often a 43 job. Before we have kids, most of us have unrealistic
44 of what it’s going to become a parent. Maybe you watched family members 45 their kids, or
witnessed tired parents in the grocery store whose kids were 46 and thought to yourself, “I’ll never do it
that way.” But as every parent eventually finds out that ideal image we have pre-kids is not 47 . It’s hard
work to raise children, and most of us are 48 trying to do our best.
It’s not easy to set 49 , give consequences, and stay consistent as a parent. 50 , your child
isn’t going to show appreciation to you for doing it. If you’re feeling taken for granted, remember that one of your
main 51 is to teach your child to be a responsible adult. And, as every parent knows, this is a tough and
52 job. We have to teach and 53 them how to behave appropriately in each 54 . They
may not always like it when we lay down regulations, but they ultimately 55 them — not only for their
behavior, but because it makes them feel safer. Do remember: their thanks will come later.
41．A．adjust B．explore C．ignore D．puzzle
42．A．general B．unappreciated C．slight D．literary
43．A．thankless B．mechanic C．original D．voluntary
44．A．responses B．trusts C．potentials D．expectations
45．A．affecting B．changing C．understanding D．raising
46．A．giving out B．acting out C．sticking out D．working out
47．A．reality B．job C．process D．suggestion
48．A．simply B．definitely C．obviously D．sincerely
49．A．performances B．limits C．shows D．difficulties
50．A．However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise
51．A．treatments B．tips C．goals D．solutions
52．A．constant B．noisy C．peaceful D．practical
53．A．admit B．warn C．inform D．guide
54．A．decision B．position C．situation D．demand
55．A．deliver B．calculate C．need D．deny
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．A 49．B 50．B
51．C 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者朋友的抱怨，感悟到父母的职责不易，抚养孩子是件辛苦的
事，我们大多数人只是尽力做到最好。作为父母，设定限制、给出后果并保持一致并不容易。此外，你的
孩子不会因为你这么做而对你表示感激。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子似乎只会对我大喊大叫，不理睬我，或者向我要东西。A. adjust 调
整；B. explore 探索；C. ignore 忽视；D. puzzle 使困惑。根据上文“No matter what I do as a parent, I feel like I’m
being taken for granted.(作为父母，无论我做什么，我都觉得自己被认为是理所当然的)”以及上文列举了孩子
的不好行为，即对父母大喊大叫，忽视父母，以及要东西。故选 C。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是觉得很不被赏识。A. general 总体的；B. unappreciated 无人赏识的；
C. slight 稍微的；D. literary 文学的。根据上文“No matter what I do as a parent, I feel like I’m being taken for
granted.(作为父母，无论我做什么，我都觉得自己被认为是理所当然的)”可知，孩子认为父母付出理所当然，
父母觉得自己不被孩子赏识、认可。故选 B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们面对现实吧——为人父母往往是一件吃力不讨好的工作。A. thankless
吃力不讨好的；B. mechanic 手工的；C. original 起初的；D. voluntary 志愿的。根据上文可知，孩子认为父
母付出理所当然，父母觉得自己不被孩子赏识、认可，所以为人父母往往是一件吃力不讨好的工作。故选
A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们有孩子之前，我们大多数人对父母的期望都是不切实际的。A. responses
回答；B. trusts 信任；C. potentials 潜能；D. expectations 期望。根据后文“what it’s going to become a parent”
指对成为父母的期望不切实际。故选 D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许你看到家庭成员抚养他们的孩子，或者看到疲惫的父母在杂货店里看
到孩子们的行为，并对自己说:“我永远不会那样做。”A. affecting 影响；B. changing 改变；C. understanding
理解；D. raising 抚养。根据后文“It’s hard work to raise children”指抚养孩子。故选 D。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许你看到家庭成员抚养他们的孩子，或者看到疲惫的父母在杂货店里看
到孩子们的行为，并对自己说:“我永远不会那样做。”A. giving out 宣布；B. acting out 行为不端；C. sticking
out 坚持；D. working out 解决。根据后文“I’ll never do it that way.”可知，孩子在杂货店行为不端，因而告诉
自己“自己永远不会那样做”。故选 B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，每个父母最终都会发现，我们在孩子出生之前的理想形象并不现实。
A. reality 现实；B. job 工作；C. process 程序；D. suggestion 建议。根据上文“most of us have unrealistic”可知，
此处指每个父母最终都会发现，我们在孩子出生之前的理想形象并不现实。故选 A。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：抚养孩子是件辛苦的事，我们大多数人只是尽力做到最好。A. simply 仅仅，
只是；B. definitely 肯定地；C. obviously 明显地；D. sincerely 真诚地。根据上文“It’s hard work to raise children,
and most of us are”可知，抚养孩子是件辛苦的事，我们大多数人只是尽力做到最好。故选 A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为父母，设定限制、给出后果并保持一致并不容易。A. performances 表现；
B. limits 限制；C. shows 展示；D. difficulties 困难。根据后文“when we lay down regulations”此处指父母要给
孩子设定一些限制，故选 B。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，你的孩子不会因为你这么做而对你表示感激。A. However 然而；B.
Moreover 此外；C. Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。后文是对上文的补充说明，指“此外，你的孩子不会
因为你这么做而对你表示感激”应用 moreover。故选 B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你觉得这是理所当然的，记住你的主要目标之一是教会你的孩子成为
一个负责任的成年人。A. treatments 治疗；B. tips 诀窍；C. goals 目标；D. solutions 解决方案。根据后文“is to
teach your child to be a responsible adult”可知，教会孩子成为一个负责任的成年人是父母的目标之一。故选
C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个父母都知道，这是一项艰难而持久的工作。A. constant 持续的；B. noisy
吵闹的；C. peaceful 和平的；D. practical 实际的。根据上文“teach your child to be a responsible adult”可知，
教育孩子是一项持久的工作，要持续要孩子成年。故选 A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须教导和引导他们在各种情况下如何适当地行事。A. admit 承认；B.
warn 警告；C. inform 通知；D. guide 指导。根据后文“them how to behave appropriately”父母要教导和引导孩
子们。故选 D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须教导和引导他们在各种情况下如何适当地行事。A. decision 决定；
B. position 位置；C. situation 情况；D. demand 要求。根据上文“witnessed tired parents in the grocery store whose
kids were”以及“how to behave appropriately in each”可知，父母要引导孩子在各种日常情况中行为得当，故选
C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们制定规章制度时，他们可能并不总是喜欢，但他们最终需要这些规
章制度——不仅是为了他们的行为，还因为这让他们感到更安全。A. deliver 递送；B. calculate 计算；C. need
需要；D. deny 否认。根据后文“not only for their behavior, but because it makes them feel safer”可知，孩子的行
为和安全都需要父母制定的制度。故选 C。
题型二 人与自我类叙夹议文的考查
4.（2024·河北·三模）Most of us need to heal (痊愈) once in a while. For some of us, the 56 part
of healing is simply to believe that it’s possible.
Years ago, I was watching my son 57 free throws. He made a dozen 58 through the net
without a miss. “How do you do that ” I said. “Before I 59 the ball,” he said, “I see it in my mind to
make it happen.”
I loved these words. It struck me that they might also 60 healing. We need to believe healing can
happen and 61 it in our minds to see it in reality. 62 doesn’t assure us of the outcome we
hope for. But it sets us in motion to move toward desired 63 .
Last year I had surgery for a broken 64 and spent eight weeks in a wheelchair. I had 65
to be able to start walking again after the 66 days. However, that didn’t happen. I then started physical
therapy which I believed could help. I 67 it day after day, seeing in my mind that I was walking
quickly as before, which is 68 I do today.
When hope grows dim (暗淡的), belief 69 the way and makes all things possible. We need to
believe 70 is possible. If we can see it in our minds, we can let go of the past, accept the present and
move toward a better future.
56．A．simple B．emotional C．hardest D．reasonable
57．A．practice B．display C．hold D．score
58．A．attempts B．shots C．choices D．adjustments
59．A．spot B．beat C．catch D．release
60．A．rely on B．apply to C．arise from D．respond to
61．A．picture B．remember C．wake D．operate
62．A．Imagination B．Desire C．Belief D．Dream
63．A．result B．prize C．career D．option
64．A．hand B．ankle C．wrist D．arm
65．A．promised B．required C．refused D．expected
66．A．exciting B．confusing C．appealing D．struggling
67．A．turned to B．took in C．kept at D．commented on
68．A．exactly B．absolutely C．generally D．naturally
69．A．feels B．lights C．forces D．clears
70．A．happiness B．fortunate C．healing D．shooting
【答案】
56．C 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．B 61．A 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．D
66．D 67．C 68．A 69．B 70．C
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过看儿子练球和自己的亲身经历感悟到，我们需要相
信治愈是有可能的，这种信念会给我们带来好的结果。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们中的一些人来说，治愈最难的部分就是相信它是可能的。A. simple
简单的；B. emotional 情感上的；C. hardest 最难的；D. reasonable 合理的。根据最后一段“We need to believe
____15____ is possible.”及前文“Most of us need to heal (痊愈) once in a while.”并结合语境可知，结合下文可
知，作者认为，应相信治愈是可能的，这种信念会给我们带来好的结果，但是往往大家都不相信，所以，
这是治愈最难的部分。故选 C 项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我看着儿子练习罚球。A. practice 练习；B. display 展示；C. hold
举办；D. score 得分。根据下文“He made a dozen ____3____ through the net without a miss.”可知，作者观看儿
子练球。故选 A 项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他打了十几个球都没有打偏。A. attempts 尝试；B. shots 投篮；C. choices 选
择；D. adjustments 调整。根据上文“watching my son ____2____ free throws”可知，作者的儿子在练习篮球罚
球，所以是进行了几次投篮。故选 B 项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在我放开球之前，”他说，“我在脑海中想象着它的发生。”A. spot 发现；
B. beat 打败；C. catch 抓；D. release 放开。根据“I see it in my mind to make it happen.”可知，儿子在投篮前想
象着自己将球投出去，然后再放开篮球，进行投篮。故选 D 项。
60．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我突然想到，它们或许也适用于治愈。A. rely on 依赖；B. apply to 应用于；
C. arise from 由……引起；D. respond to 回应。根据“I loved these words. It struck me that”可知，儿子的话让作
者有了启发，他认为这种想法也可以应用于治愈。故选 B 项。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信治愈是可以发生的，并在我们的脑海中想象它，以便在现实
中看到它。A. picture 想象；B. remember 记得；C. wake 醒来；D. operate 操作。根据上文“I see it in my mind
to make it happen.”可知，儿子告诉作者，自己投篮前在脑海里先想象一下，此处作者认为我们也可以在脑海
里想象治愈的场景。故选 A 项。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：信念并不能保证我们所希望的结果。A. Imagination 想象；B. Desire 愿望；
C. Belief 信念；D. Dream 梦想。根据上文“We need to believe healing can happen”可知，信念不能完全保证我
们所希望的结果。故选 C 项。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它会让我们朝着想要的结果前进。A. result 结果；B. prize 奖品；C. career
事业；D. option 选择。根据“But it sets us in motion to move toward desired”可知，信念会让我们朝着想要的结
果前进。故选 A 项。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年我做了脚踝骨折的手术，在轮椅上坐了 8 个星期。A. hand 手；B. ankle
脚踝；C. wrist 手腕；D. arm 手臂。根据“spent eight weeks in a wheelchair”可知，作者不能站立，所以是脚踝
做了手术。故选 B 项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我原以为在挣扎了几天之后，我就能重新开始走路了。A. promised 承诺；
B. required 要求；C. refused 拒绝；D. expected 期待。根据“to be able to start walking again”可知，作者期待自
己能重新开始走路。故选 D 项。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exciting 令人激动的；B. confusing 令人困惑的；C. appealing 吸引
人的；D. struggling 苦苦挣扎的。根据上文“Last year I had surgery for a broken ____9____ and spent eight weeks
in a wheelchair.”可知，作者在手术后，在轮椅上度过了艰难的日子。故选 D 项。
67．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我日复一日地坚持着，心里想，我还是像以前一样走得很快，这正是我今
天所做的。A. turned to 求助于；B. took in 吸收；C. kept at 坚持；D. commented on 评论。根据前文“I then started
physical therapy which I believed could help.”及后文“seeing in my mind that I was walking quickly as before”可
知，作者坚持自己能站起来的愿望。故选 C 项。
68．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exactly 恰好；B. absolutely 完全地；C. generally 总体上；D. naturally
自然地，通常。根据“that I was walking quickly as before”可知，作者的希望成真了，恰好就是他现在的样子，
即，他可以快速走路了。故选 A 项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当希望变得暗淡时，信念照亮道路，使一切成为可能。A. feels 感觉；B. lights
照亮；C. forces 强迫；D. clears 清理。根据“When hope grows dim”及“the way and makes all things possible”可
知，希望渺茫时，信念会照亮道路，帮我们实现可能性。故选 B 项。
70．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我们要相信治愈是可能的。A. happiness 幸福；B. fortunate 幸运的；
C. healing 治愈；D. shooting 枪击。根据第一段“For some of us, the ____1____ part of healing is simply to believe
that it’s possible.”可知，此处与第一段呼应，表示我们要相信治愈是可能的。故选 C 项。
5.（2024·江西宜春·模拟预测）I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption (说明文字) that
told readers to keep going at all costs. It 71 me of the sunk cost fallacy (谬论), a concept I researched in
grad school after realizing I’d been so likely to suffer from it.
In high school, I had 72 five universities. Soon I heard from four, and Southern Utah University
was going to give me the best 73 . I paid them my $100 commitment fee. Two weeks later, the last school
74 an even better scholarship with full fees. And what did 17-year-old me do I was still 75 to
Southern Utah University due to the 76 $100 investment. It seems obvious to me now that 77
schools, even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better 78 decision.
I’m not the only 79 . People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for
them and stay in unhealthy 80 because they’ve been together for so long.
That you’ve sunk time, effort, or money into something doesn’t mean you should 81 more.
Our society loves to emphasize 82 to keep trying. But only you know the right path for you.
Sometimes 83 is the hardest choice of all after all the hard work. You might 84 a
path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a 85 realization.
71．A．accused B．convinced C．reminded D．informed
72．A．approved of B．jumped at C．taken in D．applied to
73．A．reward B．scholarship C．celebration D．welcome
74．A．offered B．refused C．expected D．explored
75．A．exposed B．committed C．admitted D．used
76．A．initial B．extra C．minor D．generous
77．A．attending B．skipping C．switching D．visiting
78．A．physical B．cultural C．moral D．financial
79．A．victim B．student C．customer D．loser
80．A．competition B．lifestyles C．state D．relationships
81．A．harvest B．invest C．ignore D．pursue
82．A．permission B．curiosity C．determination D．freedom
83．A．breaking out B．walking away C．giving in D．passing down
84．A．realize B．doubt C．prove D．regret
85．A．funny B．stupid C．relaxing D．painful
【答案】
71．C 72．D 73．B 74．A 75．B 76．A 77．C 78．D 79．A 80．D
81．B 82．C 83．B 84．A 85．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过作者自己选择大学这件事情教育人们不要受困于已经投入的资源，
应该勇敢做出更好的选择。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起了沉没成本谬论，这是我在研究生学习期间意识到自己很容易
受到其影响后进行研究的一个概念。A. accused 被告；B. convinced 被说服；C. reminded 想起；D. informed
知情。根据下文“a concept I researched in grad school after realizing I’d been so likely to suffer from it”可知，作
者看到的长跑运动员的照片使作者想起了曾经的沉没成本谬论，故选 C 项。
72．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：高中时，我申请了五所大学。A. approved of 赞同；B. jumped at 跃入；
C. taken in 接受；D. applied to 申请。根据下文“Soon I heard from four, and Southern Utah University was going
to give me the best”可知，作者是在高中时申请了 5 所大学，故选 D 项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我收到了四个大学的来信，南犹他大学将给我最好的奖学金。A. reward
奖励；B. scholarship 奖学金；C. celebration 庆祝；D. welcome 欢迎。根据下文“I paid them my $100 commitment
fee.”可知，是 Southern Utah University(南犹他大学)给了我最好的奖学金，所以我付的费用少，故选 B 项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，最后一所学校提供了更好的全额奖学金。A. offered 提出；B. refused
拒绝；C. expected 预期；D. explored 探索。根据上文“and Southern Utah University was going to give me the best 　　
3　　.”及下文“an even better scholarship with full fees.”可知，最后一所大学提供的奖学金比 Southern Utah
University 还要好，故选 A 项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于最初的 100 美元投资，我仍然致力于南犹他大学。A. exposed 爆；B.
committed 致力于；C. admitted 承认；D. used 使用。根据上文“I paid them my $100 commitment fee.”可知，
作者最初给 Southern Utah University 支付了 100 美金的承诺费，所以作者还是致力于选择 Southern Utah
University，故选 B 项。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于最初的 100 美元投资，我仍然致力于南犹他大学。A. initial 最初的；
B. extra 额外的；C. minor 次要的；D. generous 慷慨的；根据上文“I paid them my $100 commitment fee.”可知，
作者最初给 Southern Utah University 支付了 100 美金的承诺费，故选 A 项。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在对我来说，转学显然是一个更好的财务决定，即使这意味着承认我“浪
费”了 100 美元。A. attending 参加；B. skipping 跳过；C. switching 转换；D. visiting 参观。根据下文“it meant
admitting I’d “wasted” $100”可知，作者觉得浪费了 100 美金是因为转学而浪费的，故选 C 项。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：现在对我来说，转学显然是一个更好的财务决定，即使这意味着
承认我“浪费”了 100 美元。A. physical 身体的；B. cultural 文化的；C. moral 道德的；D. financial 财务的。根
据“even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better 　　8　　 decision.”可知，虽然作者因转学浪费了
100 美金，但是转学还是更好的财务选择，故选 D 项。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是唯一的受害者。A. victim 受害人；B. student 学生；C. customer 客户；
D. loser 失败者。根据下文“People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for them and
stay in unhealth”可知，作者是在打比方，人们会穿他们不喜欢的衣服是因为已经为它们付过钱了，而作者也
是这样的一个受害者，故选 A 项。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们会穿他们不喜欢的衣服，因为他们已经为他们付了钱，并因为他们在
一起这么久而保持不健康的关系。A. competition 竞争；B. lifestyles 生活方式；C. state 状态；D. relationships
关系。根据“People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for them and stay in unhealthy 　　
10　　 because they’ve been together for so long.”可知，有些人会穿他们不喜欢的衣服是因为已经为它们付过
钱了，而有些人会因为他们在一起很久了，就会保持一种不健康的关系，故选 D 项。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经把时间、精力或金钱投入到某件事上并不意味着你应该投入更多。
A. harvest 收货；B. invest 投资；C. ignore 忽视；D. pursue 追求。根据“doesn’t mean you should 　　11　　
more.”可知，作者认为虽然在某件事上投入了时间、精力和金钱，但是并不意味应该投入更多，故选 B 项。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的社会喜欢强调不断尝试的决心。A. permission 许可；B. curiosity 好奇
心；C. determination 决心；D. freedom 自由。根据上文“I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption
(说明文字) that told readers to keep going at all costs. (我看到了一张长跑运动员的图片，上面有一个标题，告
诉读者不惜一切代价继续前进。)”可知，社会喜欢强调不断地去尝试的决心，故选 C 项。
83．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，在辛勤工作之后，离开是最艰难的选择。A. breaking out(战争，火灾
等)爆发；B. walking away 走开；C. giving in 让步；D. passing down 传承。根据“Sometimes 　　13　　 is the
hardest choice of all after all the hard work.”可知，有时候自己辛勤努力了，最终还是要选择离开，这是非常艰
难的选择，故选 B 项。
84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能会意识到你所走的路不再是正确的，或者从来都不是。A. realize 意
识到；B. doubt 怀疑；C. prove 证明；D. regret 后悔。根据下文“a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never
was.”可知，你可能会意识到自己走的路是不正确的，故选 A 项。
85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个痛苦的领悟。A. funny 滑稽的；B. stupid 愚蠢的；C. relaxing 放
松的；D. painful 痛苦的。根据上文“a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was.”可知，当意识到你
所走的路不再是正确的，或者从来都不是，意识到这一点是非常痛苦的，故选 D 项。
6.（2024·全国·模拟预测）I went on a road trip with a couple of friends from Chicago down to Houston. After
six hours in the 86 , we stopped at a rest area. I went into the restroom to wash up and 87 my face.
I immediately 88 something different about the restroom. It was very 89 and there was no
cracked floor or rude drawings. There were more mirrors than I was used to seeing.
As I washed up at the sink, the door opened and in 90 an elderly woman. I was 91 to see her
there but she looked harmless-probably tired from hours of 92 . She stood in the doorway staring at the
door, but I 93 strode (大踏步) over to the air dryer then looked myself over in one of several full-length
mirrors. I gave her a polite
94 and walked out.
The bathroom door closed and that’s when I saw the 95 on the door: WOMAN. I had entered the
wrong restroom. We all make 96 . Here I was thinking that this woman was dazed and confused,
entering the wrong restroom, when all along it was me who was confused and making the error. I blushed in
97 and laughed at myself.
We can 98 times thinking we’re doing just fine, when in fact we are just unaware of reality. And
that’s the first step to change: recognize that you’re the one 99 in the wrong bathroom. If you don’t
become aware of your mistakes, how can you admit them and work on doing better Only by becoming aware of
the things we need to 100 will we get more serious about correcting them.
I will remember the unforgettable road trip forever.
86．A．car B．city C．way D．train
87．A．warm B．wet C．rest D．admire
88．A．expressed B．explained C．faced D．noticed
89．A．dusty B．clean C．cold D．quiet
90．A．flooded B．slid C．walked D．crowded
91．A．surprised B．excited C．annoyed D．worried
92．A．studying B．washing C．driving D．standing
93．A．shyly B．confidently C．generously D．hopefully
94．A．hug B．nod C．kiss D．bow
95．A．signal B．suggestion C．sign D．scene
96．A．decisions B．choices C．plans D．mistakes
97．A．embarrassmentB．shock C．relief D．anger
98．A．get over B．go through C．break out D．give up
99．A．sitting B．lying C．running D．standing
100．A．have B．master C．understand D．fix
【答案】
86．A 87．B 88．D 89．B 90．C 91．A 92．C 93．B 94．B 95．C
96．D 97．A 98．B 99．D 100．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在休息区误入女洗手间的尴尬经历，展现了人
在生活中的小插曲和反思。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：开了六个小时的车后，我们在一个休息区停下来休息。A. car 汽车；B. city
城市；C. way 方法、道路；D. train 火车。根据上文“I went on a road trip with a couple of friends from Chicago
down to Houston.”可知，作者他们是开车前往休斯顿，由此可知，空处指的是在车里。故选 A。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进洗手间洗漱，把脸弄湿了。A. warm 使暖和；B. wet 弄湿；C. rest 休
息；D. admire 钦佩。根据空前的“wash up”可知，空处指的是把脸打湿从而使自己清醒。故选 B。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻注意到洗手间有些不一样。A. expressed 表达；B. explained 解释；C.
faced 面对；D. noticed 注意。根据空后的“something different about the restroom. It was very ___4___ and there
was no cracked floor or rude drawings. There were more mirrors than I was used to seeing.”可知，空后是作者所看
到的、注意到的不同。故选 D。
89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洗手间很干净，地板上没有裂缝，也没有粗糙的涂鸦。A. dusty 满是灰尘
的；B. clean 干净的；C. cold 冷的；D. quiet 安静的。根据下文“there was no cracked floor or rude drawings”可
知，洗手间非常干净。故选 B。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我正在洗手池洗脸时，门开了，一位老妇人走了进来。A. flooded 淹没、
充满；B. slid 滑动；C. walked 走；D. crowded 挤满。根据空后的“an elderly woman”以及空前的“in”可知，一
位老妇人走了进来。故选 C。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她我很惊讶，但她看起来并无恶意——可能是开车几个小时累了。
A. surprised 惊讶的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. worried 担忧的。根据下文内容可知，作者走
错了洗手间，去了女洗手间，由此可知，此时看到老妇人，作者感到惊讶。故选 A。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她我很惊讶，但她看起来并无恶意——可能是开车几个小时累了。A.
studying 学习；B. washing 洗；C. driving 驾驶；D. standing 站立。根据上文“probably tired”以及作者此时身
处休息区可知，作者认为老人的劳累是因为开了几小时的车。故选 C。
93．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她站在门口盯着门看，但我自信地大步走到风干机前，然后在几面全身镜
中的一面照照自己。A. shyly 害羞地；B. confidently 自信地；C. generously 慷慨地；D. hopefully 充满希望地。
根据下文“strode（大踏步） over to the air dryer then looked myself over in one of several full-length mirrors. I
gave her a polite___9___ and walked out.”可知，作者此时还没有意识到是自己走错了洗手间，所以作者很自
信。故选 B。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我礼貌地点了点头，然后走了出去。A. hug 拥抱；B. nod 点头；C. kiss 吻；
D. bow 鞠躬。根据常理可知，陌生人见面，为了表示友好，应该是点了点头。故选 B。
95．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洗手间的门关上了，这时我看到了门上的牌子：女洗手间。A. signal 信号；
B. suggestion 建议；C. sign 手势；标志；D. scene 场景。根据空后“on the door: WOMAN.”可知，作者出去后
才看到了门上的标识。故选 C。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都会犯错。A. decisions 决定；B. choices 选择；C. plans 计划；D. mistakes
错误。根据上文“I had entered the wrong restroom.”可知，作者犯了错，由此可知，此时作者想要表达的是人
人都会犯错。故选 D。
97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我羞愧得满脸通红，同时又不禁嘲笑自己。A. embarrassment 尴尬、难为情；
B. shock 震惊；C. relief 缓解、救济；D. anger 生气。根据空前的“blushed”以及空后的“laughed at myself”可
知，作者此时感到非常的尴尬、难为情。故选 A。
98．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们有时会认为自己做得很好，而实际上我们只是没有意识到现实。
A. get over 克服；B. go through 经历；C. break out 爆发；D. give up 放弃。根据空后“ times thinking we’re doing
just fine, when in fact we are just unaware of reality.”可知，作者想要表达的是每个人都会经历这样的时刻。故
选 B。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而改变的第一步就是认识到自己站在错误的洗手间里。A. sitting 坐；B. lying
躺；C. running 跑；D. standing 站。根据上文可知，作者指的我们如果想要改变的话，第一步就是要明白自
己站在错误的洗手间里。故选 D。
100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有意识到我们需要改进的地方，我们才会更认真地纠正它们。A. have 有；
B. master 掌握；C. understand 理解；D. fix 改进、修理。根据下文“will we get more serious about correcting
them.”可知，作者的意思是我们要明白需要改进的地方，我们才能纠正错误。故选 D。
题型三 人与自然类叙夹议文的考查
7（. 2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）Our family was sitting on the porch swing enjoying the summer breeze when
my husband pointed to something on the swing’s chain next to him. We 101 forward to see a large praying
mantis (螳螂) attaching to the chain. We held our 102 and watched, not wanting to scare it away. We sat
and 103 chatted for the next half hour as we watched the insect 104 up and down the chain. It seemed
105 by our presence, and we were 106 to observe its slow, precise movements.
We wouldn’t have 107 it if my husband had not pointed it out. Too often, we move through life,
108 of the beautiful blessings surrounding us each day. The 109 of sitting and watching an insect for half
an hour is something I do not want to 110 for granted. Too often, I define myself by my productivity. I
start my morning with a checklist and 111 my worth by how much I get done by the day’s end.
I’m learning to 112 my tireless striving for productivity and simply 113 the gifts of this
beautiful world when I see them. Each creature displays a small 114 . To sit and watch a unique bug like a
praying mantis is an act of admiration. I think I’ll 115 and sit for a while in search of another beautiful bug
just to appreciate the beauty of nature.
101．A．struggled B．put C．bent D．dropped
102．A．breath B．attention C．back D．tool
103．A．casually B．quietly C．happily D．nervously
104．A．looking B．flying C．climbing D．falling
105．A．unbothered B．undoubted C．unattractive D．inaccessible
106．A．grateful B．anxious C．impatient D．responsible
107．A．selected B．recognized C．noticed D．scolded
108．A．unfamiliar B．proud C．shameful D．unaware
109．A．courage B．wisdom C．safety D．reward
110．A．owe B．take C．bring D．fetch
111．A．balance B．measure C．release D．promote
112．A．defend B．keep C．imagine D．stop
113．A．enjoy B．deliver C．produce D．ignore
114．A．principle B．purpose C．wonder D．puzzle
115．A．pull through B．go out C．turn up D．come back
【答案】
101．C 102．A 103．B 104．C 105．A 106．A 107．C 108．D 109．D
110．B 111．B 112．D 113．A 114．C 115．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一家人在门廊秋千上观察到一只螳螂，他们静静地坐着
聊天，欣赏螳螂的行动，并对能够观察到这样的情况充满感激。作者反思了日常生活中对生产力的过度追
求，意识到应该更多地欣赏周围的自然美景和生活中的小奇迹。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们向前弯下腰，看到一只大螳螂挂在链子上。A. struggled 挣扎；B. put
放置；C. bent 弯曲；D. dropped 落下。根据上文“Our family was sitting on the porch swing enjoying the summer
breeze”和下文“forward to see a large praying mantis (螳螂) attaching to the chain”可推知，坐在秋千上的他们应
该是向前弯下腰，去看这只大螳螂。故选 C。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们屏住呼吸看着，不想把它吓跑。A. breath 呼吸；B. attention 注意力；
C. back 背部；D. tool 工具。根据下文“not wanting to scare it away”可知，他们不想把它吓跑，因此是屏住呼
吸看着，固定短语 hold one’s breath 意为“屏住呼吸”。故选 A。
103．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的半个小时里，我们坐在那里静静地聊天，看着昆虫在链子上爬
上爬下。A. casually 随意地；B. quietly 安静地；C. happily 快乐地；D. nervously 紧张地。根据上文“not wanting
to scare it away”可知，他们不想把它吓跑，因此是坐在那里静静地聊天。故选 B。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的半个小时里，我们坐在那里静静地聊天，看着昆虫在链子上爬
上爬下。A. looking 看；B. flying 飞；C. climbing 爬；D. falling 落下。根据下文“up and down the chain”和“to
observe its slow, precise movements”可知，这只螳螂行动缓慢而精确，应该是在链子上爬上爬下。故选 C。
105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它似乎对我们的存在毫不关心，看到它缓慢而精确的行动，我们充满感
激。A. unbothered 不关心的；B. undoubted 无疑的；C. unattractive 不吸引人的；D. inaccessible 不可接近的。
根据下文“to observe its slow, precise movements”可知，这只螳螂行动缓慢而精确，专注于自己的行为，因此
是不关心作者一家的存在。故选 A。
106．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它似乎对我们的存在毫不关心，看到它缓慢而精确的行动，我们充满感
激。A. grateful 感激的；B. anxious 焦虑的；C. impatient 不耐烦的；D. responsible 负责的。根据下文“the beautiful
blessings surrounding us each day”可知，作者认为这只螳螂缓慢而精确的行动是美丽的祝福，因此是对看到
这样的情景心存感激。故选 A。
107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我丈夫指出来，我们是不会注意到的。A. selected 选择；B. recognized
认出；C. noticed 注意到；D. scolded 责骂。根据下文“if my husband had not pointed it out”可推知，如果不是
作者的丈夫指出来，他们不会注意到这只微小的昆虫。故选 C。
108．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们度过了一生，却没有意识到每天都有美丽的祝福围绕着
我们。A. unfamiliar 不熟悉的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. shameful 可耻的；D. unaware 未意识到的。根据下文“Too
often, I define myself by my productivity.”可知，作者常常用生产力来定义自己，也就是追求生产力，因此会
没有意识到每天都有美丽的祝福围绕着自己。故选 D。
109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想把坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖励视为理所当然。A. courage 勇
气；B. wisdom 智慧；C. safety 安全；D. reward 奖励。根据上文“the beautiful blessings surrounding us each
day”可知，作者认为这只螳螂缓慢而精确的行动是美丽的祝福，因此此处指坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖
励。故选 D。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想把坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖励视为理所当然。A. owe 欠；B.
take 拿、认为；C. bring 带来；D. fetch 取来。根据下文“for granted”可知，take 符合语境，构成固定短语 take
sth. for granted，意为“把……视作理所当然”。故选 B。
111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会列一张清单，并以一天结束时我完成了多少工作来衡量
自己的价值。A. balance 平衡；B. measure 衡量；C. release 释放；D. promote 促进。根据上文“Too often, I define
myself by my productivity.”可知，作者常常用生产力来定义自己，也就是追求生产力，因此会在一天结束时
以完成了多少工作来衡量自己的价值。故选 B。
112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力，当我看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，
只是享受它们。A. defend 防御；B. keep 保持；C. imagine 想象；D. stop 停止。根据下文“To sit and watch a unique
bug like a praying mantis is an act of admiration.”可知，作者认为坐下来观看一种独特的昆虫是一种令人钦佩
的行为，因此会学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力。故选 D。
113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力，当我看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，
只是享受它们。A. enjoy 享受；B. deliver 交付；C. produce 生产；D. ignore 忽视。根据下文“To sit and watch
a unique bug like a praying mantis is an act of admiration.”可知，作者认为坐下来观看一种独特的昆虫是一种令
人钦佩的行为，因此是想在看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，只是享受它们。故选 A。
114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一种生物都有一个小小的奇迹。A. principle 原则；B. purpose 目的；C. wonder
奇迹；D. puzzle 谜。根据上文“the beautiful blessings surrounding us each day”可知，作者意识到每天都有美丽
的祝福围绕着自己，因此是觉得每一种生物都有一个小小的奇迹。故选 C。
115．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想我要出去坐一会儿，寻找另一个美丽的虫子，欣赏大自然的美。A. pull
through 渡过难关；B. go out 出去；C. turn up 出现；D. come back 回来。根据上文“Our family was sitting on the
porch swing enjoying the summer breeze”可知，作者一家当时是在门廊的秋千上，因此是想出去坐一会儿，寻
找另一个美丽的虫子。故选 B。
8.（2024·内蒙古赤峰·一模）One day, a girl came upon a cocoon (茧), and she could tell that a butterfly was
trying to hatch. She waited and 116 the butterfly struggle for hours to release itself from the tiny hole. All
of a sudden, the butterfly stopped moving — it seemed to be 117 .
The girl then decided to 118 to get the butterfly out. She went home to get a pair of scissors to cut
open the cocoon. The butterfly was then easily able to 119 , however, its body was swollen and its wings
were 120 .
The girl still thought she had given the butterfly a(an) 121 , and continued to watch it, 122
that any minute the wings would enlarge and expand enough to support the body. 123 happened! The
butterfly was unable to fly, and for the 124 of its life, it could only move by crawling around 125
with little wings and a large body.
Despite the girl’s good 126 , she didn’t understand that the restriction of the butterfly’s cocoon
127 an important purpose. In fact, the butterfly had to 128 the struggle in order to make an escape.
As butterflies emerge from 129 cocoons, the fluid from their body is forced into their 130 to
prepare them to be able to fly.
Similarly, there are days when we 131 challenges, preventing us from moving forward. However,
the challenges we face along the way are meant to test if we’re made of stronger 132 , not to make us
quit. They will 133 the best in us and make us fly. Anyone who refuses to make an effort, or gets the
134 sort of help, is left unprepared to fight the next 135 and never manages to fly off to his
destiny.
116．A．experienced B．found C．enjoyed D．observed
117．A．asleep B．bored C．stuck D．lost
118．A．help B．order C．instruct D．follow
119．A．wake B．escape C．play D．dance
120．A．unfriendly B．undervalued C．underdeveloped D．uncovered
121．A．eye B．arm C．hand D．thumb
122．A．making B．expecting C．demanding D．searching
123．A．All B．Neither C．That D．Either
124．A．joy B．fame C．rest D．story
125．A．secretly B．quickly C．easily D．awkwardly
126．A．intentions B．reflections C．discoveries D．memories
127．A．improved B．completed C．served D．created
128．A．make up B．look through C．go through D．give up
129．A．tight B．dangerous C．updated D．bright
130．A．nerves B．wings C．brains D．breasts
131．A．explore B．control C．measure D．encounter
132．A．exercise B．stuff C．gratitude D．knowledge
133．A．check out B．bring out C．bring down D．check off
134．A．wrong B．normal C．critical D．inner
135．A．complaint B．conflict C．battle D．injustice
【答案】
116．D 117．C 118．A 119．B 120．C 121．C 122．B 123．B 124．C
125．D 126．A 127．C 128．C 129．A 130．B 131．D 132．B 133．B
134．A 135．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了女孩出于好心帮助蝴蝶破茧而出，却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故
事。通过蝴蝶的成长过程，暗示了人们在面对挑战时，需要经历挣扎和磨练，才能成长和飞翔。
116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她等待着，观察着蝴蝶挣扎了好几个小时才从那个小洞里出来。A. experienced
经历；B. found 发现；C. enjoyed 享受；D. observed 观察。根据下文“the butterfly struggle for hours to release itself
from the tiny hole.”可知，女孩一直在观察蝴蝶。故选 D 项。
117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动——它似乎被卡住了。A. asleep 睡着的；B. bored
无聊的；C. stuck 卡住的；D. lost 迷路的。根据上文“the butterfly stopped moving”和下文“She went home to get
a pair of scissors to cut open the cocoon.”可知，蝴蝶被卡住，停止了移动。故选 C 项。
118．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩于是决定帮忙把蝴蝶弄出来。她回家拿了一把剪刀把茧剪开。A. help
帮助；B. order 命令；C. instruct 指导；D. follow 跟随。根据下文“She went home to get a pair of scissors to cut
open the cocoon.”可知，女孩要帮助蝴蝶从茧里出来。故选 A 项。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了，但是它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。A. wake
醒来；B. escape 逃脱；C. play 玩；D. dance 跳舞。根据上文“cut open the cocoon”可推知，茧被剪开，蝴蝶很
容易就逃脱了束缚。故选 B 项。
120．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了，但是它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。A. unfriendly
不友好的；B. undervalued 低估的；C. underdeveloped 发育不全的；D. uncovered 未被发现的。根据下文“and
continued to watch it, 7 that any minute the wings would enlarge and expand enough to support the body.”可
知，这只蝴蝶的翅膀很小，不足以支撑它的身体，说明翅膀发育不全。故选 C 项。
121．考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩仍然认为她给予了蝴蝶帮助，并继续观察着它，期待着它的翅膀随时
会变大展开，足以支撑起身体。A. eye 眼睛；B. arm 手臂；C. hand 帮助；D. thumb 拇指。根据上文“The girl
then decided to 3 to get the butterfly out. She went home to get a pair of scissors to cut open the cocoon.”可知，
女孩的本意是帮忙，所以她一直以为自己帮助了蝴蝶。故选 C 项。
122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩仍然认为她给予了蝴蝶帮助，并继续观察着它，期待着它的翅膀随时
会变大展开，足以支撑起身体。A. making 制作；B. expecting 期望；C. demanding 要求；D. searching 寻找。
根据上文“continued to watch it”可推知，女孩继续观察蝴蝶，在期待它翅膀会变大，展开。故选 B 项。
123．考查代词词义辨析。句意：两件事情都没有发生! A. All 所有；B. Neither(两者中)无一个；C. That 那个；
D. Either 或者。根据下文“The butterfly was unable to fly”可知，女孩原本期待蝴蝶的翅膀会变大，并展开支
撑起身体，但两件事情都没有发生，蝴蝶根本不能飞；用不定代词 neither 作主语，表示对两者的否定。故
选 B 项。
124．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它的余生中，它只能用小小的翅膀和巨大的身体笨拙
地爬行。A. joy 快乐；B. fame 名声；C. rest 剩余部分；D. story 故事。根据上文“The butterfly was unable to
fly”和下文“it could only move by crawling”可知，蝴蝶根本不能飞，在它的余生中只能爬行；the rest of its
life“它的余生”。故选 C 项。
125．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它的余生中，它只能用小小的翅膀和巨大的身体笨拙
地爬行。A. secretly 秘密地；B. quickly 快速地；C. easily 容易地；D. awkwardly 笨拙地。根据下文“with little
wings and a large body”可知，蝴蝶身体大翅膀小，行动起来会很笨拙。故选 D 项。
126．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的意图是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶茧的束缚有着重要的意义。A.
intentions 意图；B. reflections 反思；C. discoveries 发现；D. memories 记忆。根据上文可知，女孩最初是为
了帮助蝴蝶，所以她的意图是好的。故选 A 项。
127．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的意图是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶茧的束缚有着重要的意义。A.
improved 改进；B. completed 完成；C. served 起……的作用；D. created 创造。根据下文“the butterfly had to 13
the struggle in order to make an escape. As butterflies emerge from 14 cocoons, the fluid from their body is
forced into their 15 to prepare them to be able to fly.”可知，茧的束缚会压迫蝴蝶体内的液体进入翅膀，为它
们飞行做准备，所以茧的束缚有着重要的意义。故选 C 项。
128．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，蝴蝶必须经历挣扎才能逃脱。A. make up 化妆；B. look through
浏览；C. go through 经历；D. give up 放弃。根据下文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶要经历挣扎才能脱身。故选 C
项。
129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中出来时，它们体内的液体被迫进入翅膀，为它们飞
行做准备。A. tight 紧的；B. dangerous 危险的；C. updated 更新的；D. bright 明亮的。根据下文“the fluid from
their body is forced into...”可推知，茧要很紧，才能压迫蝴蝶体内的液体进入翅膀。故选 A 项。
130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中出来时，它们体内的液体被迫进入翅膀，为它们飞行
做准备。A. nerves 神经；B. wings 翅膀；C. brains 大脑；D. breasts 胸部。根据下文“prepare them to be able to
fly”可知，体内的液体是进入翅膀，为飞行作准备。故选 B 项。
131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样，有时我们会遇到挑战，阻碍我们前进。A. explore 探索；B. control
控制；C. measure 测量；D. encounter 遭遇。上文描述了蝴蝶成长过程遇到的困难和其意义，结合“Similarly”
可知，文中由蝴蝶到人，说明我们也会遇到阻碍前进的挑战。故选 D 项。
132．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们一路上面临的挑战是为了考验我们是否由更强大的东西铸就，
而不是让我们放弃。A. exercise 练习；B. stuff 东西，物品；C. gratitude 感激；D. knowledge 知识。根据上文
“to test if we’re made of...”可推知，挑战是为了考验我们是由强大的东西造就而成。故选 B 项。
133．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会激发出我们最好的一面，让我们飞翔。A. check out 退房；B. bring out
使显现；C. bring down 降低；D. check off 核对。根据上文可知，挑战是为了考验，结合下文“the best in us”
可推知，挑战能让我们最好的一面显现。故选 B 项。
134．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何拒绝努力的人，或者得到错误的帮助的人，在下一场战斗中将毫无
准备，永远无法飞向他的命运。A. wrong 错误的；B. normal 正常的；C. critical 关键的；D. inner 内在的。
根据上文女孩帮了蝴蝶的倒忙可知，得到错误的帮助会产生不好的后果。故选 A 项。
135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何拒绝努力的人，或者得到错误的帮助的人，在下一场战斗中将毫无准
备，永远无法飞向他的命运。A. complaint 抱怨；B. conflict 冲突；C. battle 战斗；D. injustice 不公正。根据
上文“fight”可知，作者把生活中的挑战比喻为战斗。故选 C 项。
9.（23-24 高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Ciudad Perdida, Colombia’s “Lost City” is older than Machu Picchu.
There are no trains or buses allowing of 136 travels to reach its ruins. The remote place is only 137
on foot: a tiring multi-day hike.
Despite this, I couldn’t 138 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve other hikers and I
went there in 139 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which wandered through towering palms and
hanging vines, proved 140 right from the start. It’s recommended that hikers have good general fitness,
141 the journey is tough. Along the way we also met the 142 . They have been cut off from the
outside world for centuries and there’s a deep 143 between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to 144 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had
already 145 by the time we reached the final stage—1,200 stone steps to 146 . After finally
lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scenery that had prompted the
backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida.
Sitting on one of the highest terraces (露台), I looked down and was 147 at the beautiful site
below. It felt as though we were some of the rare few that got to 148 this ancient masterpiece. While the
return trip included overcoming the mental barrier of having already achieved our goal, the experience is the one I
would do 149 . It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 150 one. Earned views are
always better.
136．A．extensive B．qualified C．domestic D．easy
137．A．impressive B．accessible C．worthwhile D．economical
138．A．resist B．obtain C．take D．experience
139．A．turn B．contact C．harmony D．company
140．A．disappointing B．striking C．challenging D．promising
141．A．as B．but C．although D．so
142．A．natives B．photographers C．guides D．hikers
143．A．understandingB．trust C．bond D．agreement
144．A．reduce B．beat C．bear D．generate
145．A．picked up B．held off C．set in D．died down
146．A．identify B．cover C．surface D．count
147．A．quick B．successful C．experienced D．amazed
148．A．unearth B．preserve C．display D．explore
149．A．otherwise B．again C．though D．instead
150．A．popular B．distinct C．rewarding D．influential
【答案】
136．D 137．B 138．A 139．D 140．C 141．A 142．A 143．C 144．B
145．C 146．B 147．D 148．D 149．B 150．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己徒步去游览哥伦比亚的“遗失之城”Ciudad Perdida 的经历
和感受。
136．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有火车或公共汽车可以方便地到达它的遗迹。A. extensive 广阔的，广
大的；B. qualified 胜任的；C. domestic 国内的；D. easy 容易的。根据下文“The remote place is only 　　2　　 on
foot: a tiring multi-day hike. ”可知，没有火车和汽车，唯有多日徒步才能到达，故到达这个遗迹不容易。故
选 D 项。
137．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所偏僻的城市仅能步行到达。A. impressive 给人印象深刻的；B. accessible
可到达的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. economical经济的。根据上文“There are no trains or buses allowing of 　　1　
travels to reach its ruins. ”可知，没有火车或公共汽车可以方便地到达它的遗迹，故仅能步行到达。故选 B 项。
138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管这样，我无法抗拒去参观 Ciudad Perdida 的机会。A. resist 抵制；B. obtain
获得； C. take 带走；D. experience 经历。根据上文“The remote place is only 2 on foot: a tiring multi-day
hike.”及下文“Twelve other hikers and I went there in 4 with a licensed guide. ”可知，虽然前往这个城市非常不
方便，但是作者依旧去了那里，说明作者无法抗拒这个机会。故选 A 项。
139．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和另外 12 个徒步旅行者带着一个有执照的导游一起去了那里。 A.turn
轮流；B. contact 联系；C. harmony 和谐；D. company 陪伴；陪同。in company with 与某人一起。根据句中
“with a licensed guide”可知，导游陪伴我们旅行。故选 D 项。
140．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：土路蜿蜒通向高耸的棕榈树和悬挂的藤蔓，从一开始就很有挑战性。A.
disappointing 令人失望的；B. striking 惊人的；C. challenging 具有挑战性的；D. promising 有希望的。根据句
中“The dirt path, which wandered through towering palms and hanging vines”可知，土路蜿蜒通向高耸的棕榈树
和悬挂的藤蔓，对于徒步旅行者具有挑战性。故选 C 项。
141．考查连词词义辨析。句意：建议徒步旅行者有良好的身体素质，因为旅途很艰难。A. as 因为；B. but
但是；C. although 尽管；D. so 所以。根据下文“the journey is tough”以及语境可知，建议徒步旅行者有良好
的身体素质，是因为旅途很艰难。故选 A 项。
142．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上，我们也遇到了本地人。A. natives 本地人；B. photographers 摄影
师；C. guides 导游；D. hikers 徒步旅行者。根据下文“They have been cut off from the outside world for centuries
and there’s a deep 8 between them and the land.”可知，他们与这片土地有深厚的关系，故他们指的是本地人。
故选 A 项。
143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，他们一直与外界隔绝，他们与这片土地之间有着深厚的联
系。 A.understanding 理解；B.trust 信任；C. bond 联系；纽带；D.a第 12 讲 完形填空（夹叙夹议文）
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】人与社会类夹叙夹议文的考查
【题型二】人与自我类夹叙夹议文的考查
【题型三】人与自然类夹叙夹议文的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 人与社会类夹叙夹议文的考查（15 空）
1.（2024·陕西榆林·一模）“Enjoy the little things in life, for one day you’ll look back and realize they were
the big things.” This 1 has stuck with me since the first time I read it. And it just makes so much
2 .
Just the other day I caught a cold, the flu made me feel so 3 and sleepy. How I wished it was a
4 already. But it was Monday. I had to go to work.
We have a care taker at work. Her name was Lucy, who usually 5 some nice lunch for us. She
asked me with 6 if I was ill. After realizing that I was not okay, she was 7 me.
As this serious illness made me 8 , Lucy hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some medicine to
9 my headache. Her kind gesture and 10 melted my heart. I mean, she didn’t have to do that but she
went out of her way to 11 it for me. I felt so good, I felt loved, I felt visible and it was a huge
12 .
Life is made up of the 13 things. These little things go 14 most of the time so that we
might ignore them. But they’re the biggest things and 15 the best things. If you can collect these little
things, you’ll 16 feel alone. These little things give hope and 17 for doing more and doing
better.
Therefore, if something 18 makes your soul smile, note it and let it 19 on your mind
and be remembered during dull days that life may 20 .
1．A．quote B．routine C．privilege D．service
2．A．trouble B．pressure C．sense D．fun
3．A．proud B．weak C．active D．ambitious
4．A．balance B．breath C．pause D．weekend
5．A．prepares B．sells C．borrows D．wastes
6．A．concern B．delight C．certainty D．caution
7．A．displeased with B．interested in C．ashamed of D．sympathetic to
8．A．eye-catching B．head-spinning C．heartbreaking D．breathtaking
9．A．observe B．examine C．treat D．urge
10．A．gratitude B．thankfulness C．thoughtfulness D．display
11．A．make B．ruin C．improve D．change
12．A．relief B．promise C．wish D．direction
13．A．harmful B．little C．empty D．big
14．A．unhurt B．unnoticed C．unfortunate D．unafraid
15．A．temporarily B．doubtfully C．casually D．definitely
16．A．often B．always C．never D．sometimes
17．A．difference B．strength C．struggle D．campaign
18．A．tiny B．boring C．meaningless D．precise
19．A．feed B．strike C．stick D．hang
20．A．make a decision B．block your way C．keep your word D．have a point
2.（2024·陕西渭南·三模）I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom. But I thought my
mother really 21 a long life. She was kind, 22 and filled with love. During her last four years,
she fought 23 against cancer and never gave up. I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her,
something I didn’t do that much as a child. I 24 not telling her that more often when I was a child.
25 , she passed away at the age of 55.
After her 26 , my own health broke. I developed double pneumonia (肺炎). Later, although my
body 27 , my spirit remained burdened with 28 . I couldn’t imagine living without my mom,
and I wanted my 29 to know her love. One day, while I sat 30 on the couch, my little girl
climbed onto my laps to 31 me. Her brother joined her, and I held them both 32 . In that
moment, I felt Mom’s loving 33 in the room. I knew I had to keep going.
I promised myself that I would 34 stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children. I
believed that her 35 spirit would always live within me. I could hear her laughter in my mind, 36
me to rise up and live again.
Each day is a fresh beginning. Mom lived by this 37 . She never wasted a single moment, 38
laughter, love, and kindness to everyone she met. Each day, she made the world a 39 place for our
family. I will strive to follow her example and embrace each day as a new 40 for joy and growth.
21．A．deserved B．selected C．admitted D．calculated
22．A．depressed B．frightened C．cheerful D．upset
23．A．aimlessly B．bravely C．impatiently D．recently
24．A．regret B．practice C．imagine D．finish
25．A．Unluckily B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
26．A．desire B．concept C．disability D．death
27．A．clicked B．scared C．recovered D．governed
28．A．depth B．energy C．sympathy D．sadness
29．A．soldiers B．children C．witnesses D．pensioners
30．A．in conclusion B．by accident C．in pain D．in time
31．A．comfort B．bother C．convince D．protect
32．A．carelessly B．differently C．angrily D．closely
33．A．presence B．attitude C．disappearance D．guidance
34．A．compare B．combine C．lecture D．share
35．A．ambitious B．positive C．boring D．negative
36．A．tricking B．urging C．forbidding D．warning
37．A．lie B．adventure C．principle D．award
38．A．preventing B．spreading C．explaining D．losing
39．A．better B．harder C．smaller D．larger
40．A．protest B．order C．opportunity D．mistake
3.（2024·黑龙江·模拟预测）I was having coffee with a friend recently when she leaned across the table and
said, “No matter what I do as a parent, I feel like I’m being taken for granted. All my child seems to do is shout at
me, 41 me or ask me for things. I just feel so 42 .”
Let’s face it — parenting is often a 43 job. Before we have kids, most of us have unrealistic
44 of what it’s going to become a parent. Maybe you watched family members 45 their kids, or
witnessed tired parents in the grocery store whose kids were 46 and thought to yourself, “I’ll never do it
that way.” But as every parent eventually finds out that ideal image we have pre-kids is not 47 . It’s hard
work to raise children, and most of us are 48 trying to do our best.
It’s not easy to set 49 , give consequences, and stay consistent as a parent. 50 , your child
isn’t going to show appreciation to you for doing it. If you’re feeling taken for granted, remember that one of your
main 51 is to teach your child to be a responsible adult. And, as every parent knows, this is a tough and
52 job. We have to teach and 53 them how to behave appropriately in each 54 . They
may not always like it when we lay down regulations, but they ultimately 55 them — not only for their
behavior, but because it makes them feel safer. Do remember: their thanks will come later.
41．A．adjust B．explore C．ignore D．puzzle
42．A．general B．unappreciated C．slight D．literary
43．A．thankless B．mechanic C．original D．voluntary
44．A．responses B．trusts C．potentials D．expectations
45．A．affecting B．changing C．understanding D．raising
46．A．giving out B．acting out C．sticking out D．working out
47．A．reality B．job C．process D．suggestion
48．A．simply B．definitely C．obviously D．sincerely
49．A．performances B．limits C．shows D．difficulties
50．A．However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise
51．A．treatments B．tips C．goals D．solutions
52．A．constant B．noisy C．peaceful D．practical
53．A．admit B．warn C．inform D．guide
54．A．decision B．position C．situation D．demand
55．A．deliver B．calculate C．need D．deny
题型二 人与自我类叙夹议文的考查
4.（2024·河北·三模）Most of us need to heal (痊愈) once in a while. For some of us, the 56 part
of healing is simply to believe that it’s possible.
Years ago, I was watching my son 57 free throws. He made a dozen 58 through the net
without a miss. “How do you do that ” I said. “Before I 59 the ball,” he said, “I see it in my mind to
make it happen.”
I loved these words. It struck me that they might also 60 healing. We need to believe healing can
happen and 61 it in our minds to see it in reality. 62 doesn’t assure us of the outcome we
hope for. But it sets us in motion to move toward desired 63 .
Last year I had surgery for a broken 64 and spent eight weeks in a wheelchair. I had 65
to be able to start walking again after the 66 days. However, that didn’t happen. I then started physical
therapy which I believed could help. I 67 it day after day, seeing in my mind that I was walking
quickly as before, which is 68 I do today.
When hope grows dim (暗淡的), belief 69 the way and makes all things possible. We need to
believe 70 is possible. If we can see it in our minds, we can let go of the past, accept the present and
move toward a better future.
56．A．simple B．emotional C．hardest D．reasonable
57．A．practice B．display C．hold D．score
58．A．attempts B．shots C．choices D．adjustments
59．A．spot B．beat C．catch D．release
60．A．rely on B．apply to C．arise from D．respond to
61．A．picture B．remember C．wake D．operate
62．A．Imagination B．Desire C．Belief D．Dream
63．A．result B．prize C．career D．option
64．A．hand B．ankle C．wrist D．arm
65．A．promised B．required C．refused D．expected
66．A．exciting B．confusing C．appealing D．struggling
67．A．turned to B．took in C．kept at D．commented on
68．A．exactly B．absolutely C．generally D．naturally
69．A．feels B．lights C．forces D．clears
70．A．happiness B．fortunate C．healing D．shooting
5.（2024·江西宜春·模拟预测）I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption (说明文字) that
told readers to keep going at all costs. It 71 me of the sunk cost fallacy (谬论), a concept I researched in
grad school after realizing I’d been so likely to suffer from it.
In high school, I had 72 five universities. Soon I heard from four, and Southern Utah University
was going to give me the best 73 . I paid them my $100 commitment fee. Two weeks later, the last school
74 an even better scholarship with full fees. And what did 17-year-old me do I was still 75 to
Southern Utah University due to the 76 $100 investment. It seems obvious to me now that 77
schools, even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better 78 decision.
I’m not the only 79 . People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for
them and stay in unhealthy 80 because they’ve been together for so long.
That you’ve sunk time, effort, or money into something doesn’t mean you should 81 more.
Our society loves to emphasize 82 to keep trying. But only you know the right path for you.
Sometimes 83 is the hardest choice of all after all the hard work. You might 84 a
path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a 85 realization.
71．A．accused B．convinced C．reminded D．informed
72．A．approved of B．jumped at C．taken in D．applied to
73．A．reward B．scholarship C．celebration D．welcome
74．A．offered B．refused C．expected D．explored
75．A．exposed B．committed C．admitted D．used
76．A．initial B．extra C．minor D．generous
77．A．attending B．skipping C．switching D．visiting
78．A．physical B．cultural C．moral D．financial
79．A．victim B．student C．customer D．loser
80．A．competition B．lifestyles C．state D．relationships
81．A．harvest B．invest C．ignore D．pursue
82．A．permission B．curiosity C．determination D．freedom
83．A．breaking out B．walking away C．giving in D．passing down
84．A．realize B．doubt C．prove D．regret
85．A．funny B．stupid C．relaxing D．painful
6.（2024·全国·模拟预测）I went on a road trip with a couple of friends from Chicago down to Houston. After
six hours in the 86 , we stopped at a rest area. I went into the restroom to wash up and 87 my face.
I immediately 88 something different about the restroom. It was very 89 and there was no
cracked floor or rude drawings. There were more mirrors than I was used to seeing.
As I washed up at the sink, the door opened and in 90 an elderly woman. I was 91 to see her
there but she looked harmless-probably tired from hours of 92 . She stood in the doorway staring at the
door, but I 93 strode (大踏步) over to the air dryer then looked myself over in one of several full-length
mirrors. I gave her a polite
94 and walked out.
The bathroom door closed and that’s when I saw the 95 on the door: WOMAN. I had entered the
wrong restroom. We all make 96 . Here I was thinking that this woman was dazed and confused,
entering the wrong restroom, when all along it was me who was confused and making the error. I blushed in
97 and laughed at myself.
We can 98 times thinking we’re doing just fine, when in fact we are just unaware of reality. And
that’s the first step to change: recognize that you’re the one 99 in the wrong bathroom. If you don’t
become aware of your mistakes, how can you admit them and work on doing better Only by becoming aware of
the things we need to 100 will we get more serious about correcting them.
I will remember the unforgettable road trip forever.
86．A．car B．city C．way D．train
87．A．warm B．wet C．rest D．admire
88．A．expressed B．explained C．faced D．noticed
89．A．dusty B．clean C．cold D．quiet
90．A．flooded B．slid C．walked D．crowded
91．A．surprised B．excited C．annoyed D．worried
92．A．studying B．washing C．driving D．standing
93．A．shyly B．confidently C．generously D．hopefully
94．A．hug B．nod C．kiss D．bow
95．A．signal B．suggestion C．sign D．scene
96．A．decisions B．choices C．plans D．mistakes
97．A．embarrassmentB．shock C．relief D．anger
98．A．get over B．go through C．break out D．give up
99．A．sitting B．lying C．running D．standing
100．A．have B．master C．understand D．fix
题型三 人与自然类叙夹议文的考查
7（. 2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）Our family was sitting on the porch swing enjoying the summer breeze when
my husband pointed to something on the swing’s chain next to him. We 101 forward to see a large praying
mantis (螳螂) attaching to the chain. We held our 102 and watched, not wanting to scare it away. We sat
and 103 chatted for the next half hour as we watched the insect 104 up and down the chain. It seemed
105 by our presence, and we were 106 to observe its slow, precise movements.
We wouldn’t have 107 it if my husband had not pointed it out. Too often, we move through life,
108 of the beautiful blessings surrounding us each day. The 109 of sitting and watching an insect for half
an hour is something I do not want to 110 for granted. Too often, I define myself by my productivity. I
start my morning with a checklist and 111 my worth by how much I get done by the day’s end.
I’m learning to 112 my tireless striving for productivity and simply 113 the gifts of this
beautiful world when I see them. Each creature displays a small 114 . To sit and watch a unique bug like a
praying mantis is an act of admiration. I think I’ll 115 and sit for a while in search of another beautiful bug
just to appreciate the beauty of nature.
101．A．struggled B．put C．bent D．dropped
102．A．breath B．attention C．back D．tool
103．A．casually B．quietly C．happily D．nervously
104．A．looking B．flying C．climbing D．falling
105．A．unbothered B．undoubted C．unattractive D．inaccessible
106．A．grateful B．anxious C．impatient D．responsible
107．A．selected B．recognized C．noticed D．scolded
108．A．unfamiliar B．proud C．shameful D．unaware
109．A．courage B．wisdom C．safety D．reward
110．A．owe B．take C．bring D．fetch
111．A．balance B．measure C．release D．promote
112．A．defend B．keep C．imagine D．stop
113．A．enjoy B．deliver C．produce D．ignore
114．A．principle B．purpose C．wonder D．puzzle
115．A．pull through B．go out C．turn up D．come back
8.（2024·内蒙古赤峰·一模）One day, a girl came upon a cocoon (茧), and she could tell that a butterfly was
trying to hatch. She waited and 116 the butterfly struggle for hours to release itself from the tiny hole. All
of a sudden, the butterfly stopped moving — it seemed to be 117 .
The girl then decided to 118 to get the butterfly out. She went home to get a pair of scissors to cut
open the cocoon. The butterfly was then easily able to 119 , however, its body was swollen and its wings
were 120 .
The girl still thought she had given the butterfly a(an) 121 , and continued to watch it, 122
that any minute the wings would enlarge and expand enough to support the body. 123 happened! The
butterfly was unable to fly, and for the 124 of its life, it could only move by crawling around 125
with little wings and a large body.
Despite the girl’s good 126 , she didn’t understand that the restriction of the butterfly’s cocoon
127 an important purpose. In fact, the butterfly had to 128 the struggle in order to make an escape.
As butterflies emerge from 129 cocoons, the fluid from their body is forced into their 130 to
prepare them to be able to fly.
Similarly, there are days when we 131 challenges, preventing us from moving forward. However,
the challenges we face along the way are meant to test if we’re made of stronger 132 , not to make us
quit. They will 133 the best in us and make us fly. Anyone who refuses to make an effort, or gets the
134 sort of help, is left unprepared to fight the next 135 and never manages to fly off to his
destiny.
116．A．experienced B．found C．enjoyed D．observed
117．A．asleep B．bored C．stuck D．lost
118．A．help B．order C．instruct D．follow
119．A．wake B．escape C．play D．dance
120．A．unfriendly B．undervalued C．underdeveloped D．uncovered
121．A．eye B．arm C．hand D．thumb
122．A．making B．expecting C．demanding D．searching
123．A．All B．Neither C．That D．Either
124．A．joy B．fame C．rest D．story
125．A．secretly B．quickly C．easily D．awkwardly
126．A．intentions B．reflections C．discoveries D．memories
127．A．improved B．completed C．served D．created
128．A．make up B．look through C．go through D．give up
129．A．tight B．dangerous C．updated D．bright
130．A．nerves B．wings C．brains D．breasts
131．A．explore B．control C．measure D．encounter
132．A．exercise B．stuff C．gratitude D．knowledge
133．A．check out B．bring out C．bring down D．check off
134．A．wrong B．normal C．critical D．inner
135．A．complaint B．conflict C．battle D．injustice
9.（23-24 高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Ciudad Perdida, Colombia’s “Lost City” is older than Machu Picchu.
There are no trains or buses allowing of 136 travels to reach its ruins. The remote place is only 137
on foot: a tiring multi-day hike.
Despite this, I couldn’t 138 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve other hikers and I
went there in 139 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which wandered through towering palms and
hanging vines, proved 140 right from the start. It’s recommended that hikers have good general fitness,
141 the journey is tough. Along the way we also met the 142 . They have been cut off from the
outside world for centuries and there’s a deep 143 between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to 144 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had
already 145 by the time we reached the final stage—1,200 stone steps to 146 . After finally
lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scenery that had prompted the
backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida.
Sitting on one of the highest terraces (露台), I looked down and was 147 at the beautiful site
below. It felt as though we were some of the rare few that got to 148 this ancient masterpiece. While the
return trip included overcoming the mental barrier of having already achieved our goal, the experience is the one I
would do 149 . It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 150 one. Earned views are
always better.
136．A．extensive B．qualified C．domestic D．easy
137．A．impressive B．accessible C．worthwhile D．economical
138．A．resist B．obtain C．take D．experience
139．A．turn B．contact C．harmony D．company
140．A．disappointing B．striking C．challenging D．promising
141．A．as B．but C．although D．so
142．A．natives B．photographers C．guides D．hikers
143．A．understandingB．trust C．bond D．agreement
144．A．reduce B．beat C．bear D．generate
145．A．picked up B．held off C．set in D．died down
146．A．identify B．cover C．surface D．count
147．A．quick B．successful C．experienced D．amazed
148．A．unearth B．preserve C．display D．explore
149．A．otherwise B．again C．though D．instead
150．A．popular B．distinct C．rewarding D．influential
题型 阅读理解
A
（23-24 高三·广东汕头·期中）My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his
class without one. When he asked for a phone, I 1 .
“You can choose to do things 2 when you’re a parent.” I replied. But sometimes, I wondered if I
was being too stubborn (固执的) or unfair.
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my 3 . Many studies 4 the current
mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online
5 .
But other parents 6 my view, saying “He must feel so left out!” Then there are the parents who tell
me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone 7 longer than they did. They
158 me to hold out.
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states,
then what are they not doing Kids 9 in their devices are missing out on real life, which strikes me a lot.
I want my son to have a 10 childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical
challenges. The simplest way to achieve these 11 is to delay giving him a smartphone.
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school, 12
with friends, and moves independently around our town. He claimed he would give his own 14-year-old boy a
phone someday, and I told him that’s 13 . But recently, he admitted he 14 the beautiful
scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.
If that is his 15 of admitting I’m right, I’ll take it.
1．A．agreed B．exclaimed C．refused D．apologized
2．A．gently B．differently C．desperately D．slightly
3．A．decision B．conversation C．preference D．memory
4．A．treat B．link C．limit D．solve
5．A．interaction B．payment C．business D．guidance
6．A．present B．change C．favor D．challenge
7．A．addiction B．membership C．ownership D．preference
8．A．require B．forbid C．refuse D．support
9．A．skilled B．absorbed C．hidden D．specialized
10．A．causal B．stable C．dramatic D．memorable
11．A．breakthroughs B．balances C．goals D．milestones
12．A．hangs out B．catches up C．shows off D．settles down
13．A．silly B．fine C．incredible D．meaningful
14．A．missed B．appreciated C．imagined D．polluted
15．A．commitment B．aim C．version D．promise
B
（2024·上海黄浦·一模）Turkey is not my thing, but one dish I cannot live without on Thanksgiving is my
mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes. I start 16 these potatoes, my annual time release capsule of pure joy in early
November. I’m pretty sure I’ve had them at every Thanksgiving since I was a kid, and bites often transport me back
to different years and different dining rooms.
How and why is it that certain foods give us so much 17 And what can be said about the kinds of
foods we consider most comforting Science tells us that taste and nutritional content affect how foods make us
feel, but certain foods are especially 18 satisfying for reasons that have little to do with their taste or
nutritional content. Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories they stimulate
for us and the people we’re with while we 19 them. Past and present 20 shape the foods we find
comforting.
Often, we love food because we have 21 memories associated with it. My mom’s mashed potatoes
(土豆泥) remind me of holiday joy and past reunions with extended family. We are also drawn to foods we were
given early in life by people who cared for us, which can help explain our 22 love for chicken noodle soup,
which many parents feed their sick children to make them feel better.
The smell of food can 23 powerful memories, too. The part of the brain responsible for processing
smell directly connects to the amygdala, a brain region that processes emotions, and the hippocampus, which
handles memory. And our memory for smells is 24 and precise, especially when it comes to smell we were
first exposed to in childhood. That’s why you might catch the smell of pumpkin pie baking in the oven and be
transported back to the first tine you baked it with your grandmother.
These 25 can go the other way, too. Sometimes you might feel 26 when you eat foods that
remind you of loved ones you miss. We may also 27 foods that we associate with bad experiences.
In addition to past memories, the 28 in which we eat foods shapes how much we enjoy them in the
moment, and our gustatory (味觉的) experiences can be 29 by a sense of community, a sense of warmth and
enjoying it together.I 30 my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes that much more today because I got to eat them
with my husband and two children, the three people I love most in the world.
16．A．cutting down on B．looking forward to C．making for D．putting away
17．A．perspective B．pleasure C．space D．transition
18．A．emotionally B．financially C．physically D．visually
19．A．enjoy B．memorize C．order D．recall
20．A．company B．menus C．outlook D．recipes
21．A．cultural B．fond C．photographic D．shared
22．A．collective B．creative C．lost D．parental
23．A．awake B．correct C．preserve D．record
24．A．bitter-sweet B．fresh C．long-lasting D．selective
25．A．associations B．experiences C．foods D．memories
26．A．alert B．amazed C．disappointed D．sad
27．A．avoid B．consume C．store D．swallow
28．A．area B．background C．context D．emotion
29．A．enhanced B．offered C．reflected D．weakened
30．A．adapted B．appreciated C．copied D．digested
1.（2022 天津卷）
When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of
the year had gone ____16____. But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my
teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I would ____17____. When I
began to play, my rhythms (节奏 ) were good, but my tone was another ____18____. “Did you practice your
lesson ” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ____19____ and my world came ____20____ down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting ____21____. With the day of the new
performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of ____22____, I asked for sick leave. It was so
relieving and such a(n) ____23____ way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started
____24____. “If you really want to quit, why are you crying ” asked mum. She _____25_____ and I realized I
wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to
_____26_____ out of. I made a _____27_____ not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them,
so a _____28_____ could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t _____29_____
why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t _____30_____
at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great _____31_____ I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was _____32_____ a lot that year.
_____33_____ I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can _____34_____ everything in a person’s life. Hiding
from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay _____35_____ inside. After facing up to a
fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
16. A. badly B. endlessly C. randomly D. smoothly
17. A. mess up B. move on C. set out D. take off
18. A. impression B. essay C. story D. factor
19. A. ashamed B. starved C. excited D. relaxed
20. A. crashing B. moving C. selling D. bending
21. A. stricter B. worse C. happier D. smarter
22. A. joy B. panic C. doubt D. sympathy
23. A. funny B. important C. easy D. traditional
24. A. drying B. disappearing C. flowing D. separating
25. A. had a point B. made a change C. reached a level D. took a break
26. A. send B. bring C. pick D. climb
27. A. request B. resolution C. presentation D. proposal
28. A. balance B. degree C. position D. solution
29. A. figure out B. give away C. think over D. make up
30. A. aim B. smile C. wave D. shout
31. A. anger B. sorrow C. disappointment D. surprise
32. A. felt B. shown C. removed D. voiced
33. A. Carrying on B. Looking back C. Stepping aside D. Turning around
34. A. consume B. examine C. reflect D. rescue
35. A. unknown B. unpunished C. interested D. trapped
2.（2021 浙江 1 月卷）
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____16____on the Internet and discovered
Volunteer USA. Three months later I____17____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____18____at the
thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____19____, my
worries had gone. Everyone was so____20____and like-minded that it was very____21____ to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____22____. We had to____23____everything
we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____24____way but in 35℃ heat and
with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____25____a stairway out of rock. This____26____climbing up and down the side of a
mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____27____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____28____of knowing that my____29____will be
on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____30____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to____31____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the
only____32____part of my tent.
____33____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____34____. I
think I am much____35____for having taken part in the project.
16. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
17. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
18. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
19. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
20. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
21. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
22. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
23. A.drop B. make C. carry D. buy
24. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
25. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
26. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
27. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
28. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
29. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
30. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
31. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
32. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
33. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
34. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
35. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
3.（2020 江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our
view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no
___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____
how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____, the container the
teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的 ) than water. When Wilson
heated it, the container ___43___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal
with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as
______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind.
There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment.
For him, it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to
continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and
Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found
a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of
what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
4.（2021 全国乙卷）
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a
41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that
express different 42 of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was 46 discovered to
be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she
recovered, though 48 , and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,
we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the
nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 54
to accept it, saying that we were all just 55 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 56 :“Oh this
isn't for the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 60 and should
be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
5.（2020 全国 I 卷）
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just
a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy.
The kids apparently know the 44 .But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of
requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51
that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比
喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they
come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the
opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door ” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57
opportunity ”
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real
or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A real B. typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
6.（2020 全国 III 卷）
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41
can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that they left
it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out
half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset
the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything,
nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she
behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since
she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it
56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not
57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’ be able to 59 it
and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
7.（2020 天津卷）
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant___16___-
-loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be___17___in a
clever way. The___18___ Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___19___. The lady
would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___20___made her believe that he was her friend, and then she
lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was___21___ when she said that she didn’t actually___22___ being cheated.
“Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___23___ people in his community, who
are easy targets of cheating. So he___24___ to do something about it. He_____25_____ the police department to
allow him to _____26_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign
on each of the benches that_____27_____:”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found
people sitting there and engaging in active and_____28_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____29_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat
benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____30_____ outcome
from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____31_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches
help_____32_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) _____33_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____34_____ measure. It
prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____35_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each
other in the future.
16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles
8.（2019 天津卷）
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could
only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station.
The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to
replace the _____18_____of that little wallet The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus.
Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband ______19______it while I was
on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here ” I heard a lady say. In my husband’s hand was my
wallet, with not a penny _____20_____. She left before I could ____21____ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without
___23___, I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She ______25______ that going
to a stranger’s house was a _____26_____ move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that
_____27_____, I would want someone to try to find me,” she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small _____28_____, but she actually wasn’t the only one.
Right after Erin _____29_____ my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver’s license to an online
forum(论坛), trying to see _____30_____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails
from two women whose kids go to my son’s nursery and who recognized my face. I’ve never _____31_____ words
with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever, but
that’s not how the people I______32______tend to act.
____33____, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone _____34_____what almost
anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely _____35_____.
16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient
17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping
18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients
19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted
20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned
21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even
22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined
23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation
24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted
25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended
26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere
28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure
29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of
30. A. if B. where C. how D. when
31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered
32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany
33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back D. Coming along
34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
9.（2019 全国 I 卷）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41
with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing,
changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural
experiences.
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of
rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48
but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual
places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生
态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 54 lands
of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 —low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered
with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 :
gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that
may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of
peace I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire