第 06 讲 阅读理解记叙文
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】叙事型记叙文的考查
【题型二】记人型记叙文的考查
【题型三】新闻报道的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 叙事型记叙文的考查
1.（23-24 高三·江苏泰州·期中）
Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do On
Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his
daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small
aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity
expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier:
Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the
building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was
the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled.
On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top
on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew
from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot
and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船).
The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It
was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible.
The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged
(轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if
I flip (翻) ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you
were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a
police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources
appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated
for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own
way back.
“I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d
gone the right way that day.
1．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The pilot. B．The kayak.
C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft.
2．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001
A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos.
C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured.
3．Which of the following best describes Gelinne
A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated.
C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless.
4．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph
A．He dialed 911 immediately.
B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice.
C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries.
D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 60 岁的 Gelinne 在家中目睹一架小型飞机坠入冰封的胡须溪后的
英勇救援行动。
1．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文““Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few
hundred yards away, losing altitude. (“看“！”她叫道。Gelinne 抬起头，正好看到几百码外有一架小型飞机正在
下降)”可推知，画线部分指的是这艘在下降的飞机。故选 D 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and
helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I
went left,” he recalled. (他逃离了混乱，但一直想知道他是否可以留在里面帮忙。“向右就是危机，向左就是
逃避。我甚至不知道我能不能向右走，但我还是向左走了，”他回忆说)”可知，Gelinne 对 2001 年 9 月 11 日
他逃离现场感到后悔。故选 A 项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and
his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). (他用脚试了试冰面，决定不冒险在上面走。然后，他和 37
岁的儿子 John J 拉出了两艘皮划艇)”和第五段中“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot
calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” (儿子就在旁边，Gelinne 专注于让飞行
员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像抱着你的妻子一样抓紧船。”)”可知，面对需要救人的紧急情况，Gelinne
没有贸然行动，而是先评估了在冰面上行走的危险，而且他会用开玩笑的方式让飞行员保持冷静。由此可
知，他是幽默且冷静的。故选 C 项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. (尽管如此，他还是很
满意自己那天走的是正确的路)”可知，Gelinne 感到满意是因为这一天他选择勇敢地处理危机。故选 D 项。
2. （2024·山西临汾·三模）
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St. Elmo’s Fire and Less Than
Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and
Walking With Sam (2021). In the new book, he looks back on an epic adventure, where he walked 500 miles across
Spain’s Camino de Santiago with his 19-year-old son, Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship, as Sam was just
stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the parent-child,
dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers (同龄人),” he said. “The Camino gave me
the greatest luxury you have with adult children — which is time.” For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time
with Sam, and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father. “My relationship with my dad ended
pretty much when I left home at 17 years old, and I didn’t want that happen with my kids,” MeCarthy said.
The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail. It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship
among the other walkers they encounter, and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch
with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a relationship, and
there are lovely examples of both here. In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash, and
offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment. “I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy
writes.“He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs (蒲公英) float in
the air like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair
walk across the country and towards one another.
5．What do we know about Walking With Sam according to paragraph 1
A．A fantasy novel. B．A travel memoir.
C．A prize-winning diary entry. D．An era-defining movie.
6．Why did McCarthy start the adventure
A．To honor his father. B．To help his son fly the nest.
C．To bond with his son. D．To seek for writing inspiration.
7．McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by ______.
A．comparison and contrast B．cause and effect
C．facts and opinions D．sequence of events
8．What does the author think of Walking With Sam
A．Plain but functional. B．Inspiring and touching.
C．Brief but informative. D．Humorous and straightforward.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位著名演员兼获奖旅行作家 Andrew McCarthy 与他的儿子
Sam 一起徒步旅行的亲身经历，并通过这次旅程探索了父子关系的变化与深化。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Andrew McCarthy-stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St.
Elmo’s Fire and Less Than Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest
Way Home (2012) and Walking With Sam (2021).(安德鲁·麦卡锡在时代定义的电影中扮演过重要角色，如《红
粉佳人》、《圣艾尔摩之火》和《零度以下》。但他同时也是一位屡获殊荣的旅行作家，其著作包括《最
长的回家路》(2012 年出版) 和《与萨姆同行》(2021 年出版) )”可知，《与萨姆同行》这本书是由一位获奖
旅行作家所写，内容应与旅行相关，可能是一本旅行回忆录。故选 B 项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving
relationship, as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the
parent-child, dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers,” he said.(麦卡锡曾希望这次
旅行能成为重新审视他们父子关系演变的一种方式，因为萨姆正步入自己的成年期。“我想了解我的儿子。
不仅仅是在父母与子女、支配与顺从或是叛逆的角色中，而是作为成年人，作为平等的人，作为同辈。”他
如此说道)”可知，麦卡锡开始这段冒险是为了与他的儿子建立联系，作为成年人、平等的伙伴来了解彼此。
故选 C 项。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over
the course.(这本书的结构遵循了 Camino 路线的进程，沿途每天都设有一章节)”可知，《与萨姆同行》一书
按照他们在 Camino de Santiago 行走的路径来结构化，每一天作为一个章节，这是按照事件发生的顺序来展
开叙述的。故选 D 项。
8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash, and
offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment. “I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy
writes.“He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs float in the air
like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk
across the country and towards one another.(在一个场景中，麦卡锡意识到萨姆正遭受低血糖的困扰，于是递给
他一根之前特地保存下来的蛋白棒。“我伸出手，揉了揉他的肩膀，”麦卡锡写道，“他轻轻地点点头，满怀
感激。我们一起坐着，成千上万的蒲公英绒球在空中飘舞，如同舞动的钻石。”《与萨姆同行》记录了这一
鼓舞人心且充满希望的旅程，这对父子穿越国家，走向彼此)”可知，作者认为这本书是鼓舞人心且感人的。
故选 B 项。
3. （23-24 高三·广东湛江·阶段练习）
My legs were shaking, my heart pounding. As we neared the edge of the cliff (悬崖), I double-checked all my
equipment to make sure it was secure. I felt anxious, and I was not eager for my turn as I waited in line with the
members of my group. Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let in front of me.
Slowly, I lowered myself to the edge of the nearly 200-foot cliff. My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I
reached the person who hooked me to the belaying ropes, which kept me from falling. He hooked me up, and I
slowly lowered myself over the edge of the cliff, breathed deeply, and went into a sitting position with both feet in
front of me. I closed my eyes, took a deep breath, and began to go down.
Panic took over as I reached a point where my feet could no longer touch the rocky wall. The wall was right
there, fooling me. My foot made contact with the wall, causing me to turn around. As I slowly began to spin around
an interesting thing happened; my panic disappeared suddenly. The beautiful view of the surrounding area
overcame me. All the different-sized trees were evergreens, which seemed to blanket the hillside. The forest was
filled with life as different types of animals raced across my field of vision. As I looked upward the sky seemed to
open up into a blue vastness. A sense of excitement overtook me. I’d been waiting for this moment, night and day,
for one long month, and finally my dream had become reality. I began to feel calmer and more relaxed.
As I finally neared the bottom of the cliff, there seemed to be less animal activity. When I looked up, the cliff
did not seem so frightening. My feet were shaky when they finally touched the soft and muddy ground. My heart
swelled with pride. Traveling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.
9．How did the author feel when he was about to go down the cliff
A．Excited. B．Eager. C．Frightened. D．Anxious.
10．Why did the person hook the author to the belaying ropes
A．To let him go down faster. B．To place him over the edge.
C．To ensure his safety. D．To tie him to the tree.
11．When did the author begin to spin around
A．When his feet couldn’t touch the rocky Wall. B．As soon as his feet touched the rocky wall again.
C．When he lowered himself down the cliff.D．After his feet touched the ground.
12．What was the author going to do after going down the cliff
A．Climb up the cliff once more. B．Go slowly down the mountain.
C．Camp on the soft ground. D．Climb up the mountain.
【答案】9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者一次下悬崖的经过以及在此过程中的感受。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let in
front of me.”(当我意识到在我前面没有其他人时，恐惧从我心底升起。)可知，轮到作者开始下崖的时候，他
感到害怕。故选 C 项。
10．推理判断题。根据第一段的“My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I reached the person who hooked
me to the belaying ropes. which kept me from falling. ”(当我走到那个把我绑在保护绳上的人身边时，我的皮肤
像地震一样颤抖，这让我没掉下去。)可知，他这样做是为了防止作者掉下去，也就是保证作者的安全。故
选 C 项。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段的“My foot made contact with the wall, causing me to turn around.”(我的脚碰到了
崖壁，使我旋转起来。)可知，作者的脚接触到了崖壁，这使他旋转了起来。故选 B 项。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Traveling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.”（在泥泞的路
上，我开始了漫长的向上攀登。）可知，作者继续往山上爬。故选 D 项。
4. （2022·江西南昌·模拟预测）
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft
leather was very emotional. She said:“I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed
older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face.
From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were
first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the
underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. However, she harboured her dream of being a
ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie—lowering to the floor with bent knees seemed to be out of the question. It
took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. “I love the struggle and the challenge of
learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good
enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse
measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought . She attributes (归因) the difference to improved
posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends.
She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal
Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,”
said Leverton.
13．How had Leverton been feeling about taking a ballet class
A．Confident B．Shy C．Bored D．Expectant
14．Why did Leverton fail to take a ballet class in her youth
A．The ballet class was unaffordable for her family.
B．Her parents prevented her from doing so.
C．Her family was busy immigrating to the UK.
D．She had to hold two cleaning jobs.
15．What did dancing bring to Leverton
A．A team award. B．Health and friendship.
C．Fame and wealth. D．A well-paid job.
16．What can be learned from Leverton’s story
A．Never too old to pursue dreams. B．Hard work pays off.
C．Interest is the path to success. D．Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】13．D 14．A 15．B 16．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Tina Leverton 在 62 岁时实现了她长久以来的梦想——开始学习芭蕾
舞，并从中获得了许多积极的改变。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting
her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said:“I’ve waited a long time for it.” (蒂娜·莱弗顿在 62 岁时
买了她的第一双芭蕾舞鞋。她说把脚放进柔软的皮革里非常激动。她说：“我等这一刻已经等了很久。”)”可
知，她穿上芭蕾舞鞋时感到非常激动，这表明她对参加芭蕾舞课充满了期待。故选 D 项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation
Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. (不幸的是，她的父母无法负担芭蕾舞课的费用，因为
他们是第一代印度移民，在英国努力维持生计)”可知，她年轻时未能参加芭蕾舞课的原因是家庭经济状况。
故选 A 项。
15．细节理解题。根据第五段“Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after
Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought . She attributes(归
因)the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped.Dancing
has also brought new friends. (芭蕾舞已经改变了她。在莱弗顿上第一节课几个月后的一次医疗预约中，一名
护士量出她的身高为 163 厘米，比她想象的高了半英寸。她将这种差异归因于改善了的体态。她的肌肉张
力有所提高，她的下背痛也已经停止了。跳舞也带来了新朋友。)”可知，跳舞还为她带来了新朋友，她与一
群更年长、更独立的女性一起努力，获得了皇家舞蹈学院的团队奖项。因此，跳舞给她带来了健康和友谊。
故选 B 项。
16．推理判断题。根据第四段“I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. (我热爱学习新事
物的挣扎和挑战)”和第五段“Ballet is all the therapy I’ll ever need, (芭蕾舞是我所需要的所有治疗)”可知，追求
梦想永远不嫌晚。尽管她直到 62 岁才开始学习芭蕾舞，但她的经历表明，无论年龄多大，只要有决心和努
力，都可以实现自己的梦想。故选 A 项。
5. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）
When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several
attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing
that scene again. Sadly, as I discovered this week, lightning can strike twice.
I was getting off a tube train in London when I noticed a woman coughing. I slowed down, watching her
carefully. I had learned that coughing is rarely a sign that something is terribly wrong. Suddenly, the woman
stopped coughing, her eyes widened and she bent over.
When I went over to ask if she was OK, she looked up at me, panicked, and pointed to her back. I started
hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be
able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her
death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would.
Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose. She
thanked me, almost embarrassed, and walked up to the lift. I followed behind her, shaking, with tears in my eyes.
By the time we reached the lift, we had both calmed down. She took my hands and thanked me again, before
disappearing. She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back — I may not have actually saved her
life — but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared.
This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be
available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to will help, leading to inaction. I get it: the
fear of making things worse, especially if you have no medical training, is real. Research suggests that when a
“medically competent” person is assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less
likely to occur. Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved. So it
was with the coughing woman on the tube.
17．How did the friend’s choking incident affect the author
A．She lived with a sense of guilt.
B．She realized the importance of first aid.
C．She developed a fear of witnessing similar events.
D．She deepened her understanding of the bystander effect.
18．What did the author do to help the woman on the tube
A．She relieved the woman’s coughing.
B．She walked the woman up to the lift.
C．She found a “medically competent” person for her.
D．She performed first aid by hitting the woman’s back.
19．Which situation can be described as the bystander effect
A．You volunteered to help an old man carrying a heavy bag.
B．You asked your brother who is a doctor to save a dying woman.
C．You avoided involvement when seeing an injured lady on the road.
D．You walked away after the rescue men asked you to leave the scene.
20．What can we learn from this passage
A．A good tun deserves another. B．Every cloud has a silver lining.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Action speaks louder than inaction.
【答案】17．C 18．D 19．C 20．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在地铁上帮助了一个被噎住的女性，虽然没帮上大忙，但
是对方还是感谢了作者，让作者认识到行动胜于无为。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of
hard candy. After several attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried
with me a fear of seeing that scene again.(我九岁的时候，我最好的朋友差点被一种叫 gobstopper 的硬糖噎死。
几次尝试后，她咳出了糖果。从那以后，我再也没有吃过 gobstopper，我一直害怕再次看到那一幕)”可知，
朋友的窒息事件让作者对目睹类似的事件产生了恐惧。故选 C。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“I started hitting her back and screaming for help.(我开始拍打她的背部，大声呼
救)”以及“Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came
loose.(谢天谢地，就像我的朋友一样，在几次猛烈的拍打之后，卡在她喉咙里的东西松动了)”可知，作者通
过拍打女人的背部来进行急救，来帮助地铁上的女人。故选 D。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume
others assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to will help, leading to
inaction.(这段经历也教会了我“旁观者效应”，即人们认为别人在紧急情况下可以提供帮助，而别人的直接帮
助远不太可能提供帮助，从而导致不作为)”可知，C 选项“当你在路上看到一位受伤的女士时，你避免了介
入”属于旁观者效应。故选 C。
20．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back—I may not have
actually saved her life—but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared.(如
果没有我匆忙拍她的背，她可能也会没事——我可能并没有真正救了她的命——但至少她知道有个人，一
个她再也见不到的陌生人关心她)”以及最后一段“Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it
may be useful to get involved.(不过，有时候，不管谁在附近，参与进来可能会很有用)”可知，故事告诉我们
行动胜于无为。故选 D。
6. （2024·新疆·三模）
A few inspiring clues kept the rescuers going: the remains of fruit with bitemarks made by small human teeth,
a pair of scissors and nappies (尿布) in the rainforest mud. All offered hope that four children, who come from the
Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia. The oldest of
them was 13 and the youngest was only 11 months old. They were alive with tigers, poisonous snakes, storms and
other threats under the dense green canopy of trees and vegetation.
The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still
inside. But there was no sign of the children. A long search through the forest began. Helicopters hovered over the
area around the crash, broadcasting message s from the children’s grandmother, telling them they hadn’t been
forgotten, urging them to stay in one place, and dropping packets of food that may have helped them survive.
“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack (干草堆), but a tiny flea (跳蚤) in a vast carpet, as they keep
moving,” the captain of the search team told Colombian journalists. “Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure
that we would have already found them if they were dead.”
Then on a Friday in June, army radios sounded. “Miracle, miracle, miracle, miracle”. It was the army code
for a child found alive; repeated four times meant all four had survived.
Although malnourished, and covered in insect bites, none were in a serious condition. The military posted
pictures of a group of soldiers and volunteers posing with the children, who were wrapped in blankets. The
education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous
territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival.
“They’ve given us an example of total survival that will go down in history,” said Colombia’s president,
Gustavo Petro, calling it “a joy for the whole country”.
21．How many people were on board the plane that crashed
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
22．Why did it take about one month to find the children
A．There was no timely rescue.
B．They were constantly in motion.
C．The accident left them badly injured.
D．Wild animals became a great threat for the search.
23．What’s the captain’s attitude towards the children’s survival
A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Subjective. D．Concerned.
24．What is the key contributor to the children’s survival
A．The pictures taken by the soldiers. B．The messages sent by the army.
C．The tips from their grandmother. D．The encouragement of the president.
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一架飞机在丛林中失事后，对四个幸存的孩子的搜救过程及他
们能幸存的原因。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句中的“All offered hope that four children, who come from the Huitoto
Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia.”(所有这些都给来自
Huitoto 土著部落的四个孩子带来了希望，他们在 5 月 1 日哥伦比亚南部的一次飞机失事中奇迹般地活了下
来。)以及第二段第一句中的“The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies
of three adults still inside.”(两周后，塞斯纳轻型飞机的残骸被发现，机内仍有三具成人尸体。)可知，飞机上
有四个幸存的孩子并且飞机上还有三个遇难的大人，所以，乘坐飞机的共有七人。故选 D 项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段搜救队的队长所说的“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack, but a tiny flea in
a vast carpet, as they keep moving,”（搜索队队长告诉哥伦比亚记者：“这不是大海捞针，而是在巨大的地毯上
寻找一只小跳蚤。”。）可知，之所以花了一月之久才找着这些孩子，是因为他们在丛林中不断的移动。故
选 B 项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第三段搜救队队长所说的““Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure that we
would have already found them if they were dead.””（“他们的尸体还没有出现，我相信如果他们死了，我们早
就找到了。”）可知，队长对这些孩子的幸存持有乐观态度。故选 A 项。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第五段的最后一句“The education of survival skills the children got from their
grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival.”
（孩子们从祖母那里获得的生存技能教育，几乎可以肯定对他们的生存至关重要。）可知，孩子们的祖母
对孩子们生存技能的教育对他们的幸存起到了至关重要的作用。故选 C 项。
题型二 记人型记叙文的考查
1. （2024·广东江门·二模）
Clair Hughes first began to research money-saving ideas to get out of her 3,500 student overdraft (透支额).
The shopper started surfing the Internet for discount coupons (优惠券) and cut price offers. Revealing how she
seldom pays full price for an item, Ms Hughes says, “Discounts are always there; it’s just a matter of being
organized. Before starting this, I thought it’d be much work, but now I’m so used to this lifestyle that it’s automatic
to me. I must have easily saved over 15,000.”
Ms Hughes first focused on saving money back in 2010, when she moved in with her partner, Shane Byrne, a
phone company trainer. After turning to the web for advice, she tried out a few clever money-saving tricks like
switching her overdraft to a zero-interest account. Then, several years later, she came across an online community
for “couponers” and decided to give it a go.
She started spending hours surfing the web for coupons, printing them all out to take with her whenever she
went shopping. Over the years, she has managed to get some impressive catches. Once, two lamps worth 140 cost
her just 35.
Two years ago, Ms Hughes also began using cashback apps where you are given money back on items
ranging from beers to toiletries. After each shop, she uploads pictures of her receipts, which are then scanned, and
money is given back on certain items.
Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking part in paid online surveys, which
have earned her hundreds in discount coupons. She says, “I’ve heard a lot about collecting other people’s
abandoned receipts from shopping trolleys to check for missed discounts. I can’t believe how much coupons and
cashback apps have helped me. The community does benefit me a lot. There will always be someone on hand to
explain how it works.”
1．What does saving money mean to Clair Hughes
A．It’s part of her daily life. B．It makes her shop less.
C．It’s a way to leave school. D．It keeps her work organized.
2．What can we know about Clair Hughes
A．She always asks Shane for suggestions.
B．She likes going shopping with her friends.
C．She has bought some goods in low prices.
D．She is good at discussing prices with others.
3．What does the last paragraph mainly show
A．Hughes’ feelings of her life. B．Hughes’ ways to get coupons.
C．Hughes’ appreciation for society. D．Hughes’ difficulty in saving money.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．A Graduate Enjoys Shopping B．A Community Collects Coupons
C．A Woman Focuses on Saving Money D．A Shopper Is Famous for Saving Money
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Clair Hughes 研究省钱妙招，通过网络搜寻优惠券和返现应用，
精打细算，累积节省过万英镑，告别学生透支生活，大大受益于这一节俭生活方式。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before starting this, I thought it’d be much work, but now I’m so used to this
lifestyle that it’s automatic to me.(在这之前，我以为这会是很繁重的工作，但现在我已经如此习惯这种生活方
式，以至于它对我而言已经成了自然而然的事情)”可知，省钱已经成为她日常生活的一部分。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Over the years, she has managed to get some impressive catches. Once, two lamps
worth 140 cost her just 35.(多年来，她设法获得了一些令人印象深刻的便宜货。有一次，她只花了 35 英镑
就买到了两盏价值 140 英镑的灯)”可知，她以低价购买了一些商品。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking part in
paid online surveys, which have earned her hundreds in discount coupons.(在她的其他顶级省钱技巧中，Hughes
女士推荐参与有偿在线调查，这已为她赢得了数百张折扣券)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了她获取优惠券的方
法。故选 B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Clair Hughes first began to research money-saving ideas to get out of her 3,500
student overdraft (透支额). The shopper started surfing the Internet for discount coupons (优惠券) and cut price
offers.(Clair Hughes 最初开始研究省钱的方法，以便摆脱 3,500 英镑的学生透支问题。这位购物者开始上网
搜寻折扣券和降价优惠)”和最后一段中“Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking
part in paid online surveys, which have earned her hundreds in discount coupons.(在她的其他顶级省钱技巧中，
Hughes 女士推荐参与有偿在线调查，这已为她赢得了数百张折扣券)”可知，全文写了 Clair Hughes 如何通过
各种方式在购物中最大限度地省钱的故事，所以“一个女人专注于省钱”适合作为文章标题。故选 C。
2. （2024·河北·模拟预测）
When I arrive at Falconwood Bee Farm, Kant Kaye in already deep into checking hive (蜂箱) boxes, unaware
of my presence. I overhear her chatting with the bees, their soft hum (嗡嗡声) filling the air between words of
encouragement and negotiation.
Kaye was born with extreme deafness. While Kaye is able to hear with the assistance of hearing aids she
usually removes them when she’s working. “Sounds aren’t natural to me,” she explains, “I just love the peace and
quiet. When I’m with the bees, I don’t need to hear, I can focus better when I’m not constantly disturbed.”
Equipped with only her hood (头巾), hive tool, and smoker, Kaye moves at a steady and calculated pace. I’m
overdressed, having borrowed a full protective suit for the occasion. She instructs me to remove the gloves I
brought and tells me where to stand so as to avoid stressing out the bees. Kaye’s gentle, careful style makes me feel
at ease around her insects. The more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion for
bees, as well as the ways that being hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.
In her practice, she emphasizes natural beekeeping techniques that employ minimal chemical interventions.
And she’s able to get all the information she needs to tend to the hives by relying on her other senses. Perhaps
above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper is almost philosophical. Excelling at her job has
everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables that arise on any given day. Is there too much
rain Too little When will the flowers bloom Will they produce enough honey She responds accordingly,
making sure not to disturb the bees’ rhythm and balance.
“There is a spiritual side to beekeeping,” she said. “You can’t fully control them, like with anything in
nature, really. Some years you get a great honey season. Some years are horrible and you lose 50 percent of your
hive. There’s a lot of heartbreak but a lot of joy, too, in just working outside with these creatures—a living super
organism.”
5．Why does Kaye work without hearing aids
A．To feel at ease. B．To better concentrate.
C．To reduce dependence on them. D．To avoid the humming noise of the bees.
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．Kaye knows the bees very well.
B．A protective suit is necessary for Kaye.
C．Losing hearing brings trouble to Kaye’s work.
D．The author is too frightened to follow Kaye’s instructions.
7．What matters most for Kaye to become an exceptional beekeeper
A．Her remarkable honey production.
B．Her natural beekeeping techniques.
C．Her knowledge on weather conditions.
D．Her capability of handling daily uncertainties.
8．What is Kaye like
A．Creative and brave. B．Passionate and skilled
C．Deaf but ambitious D．Heartbroken but determined.
【答案】5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者访问法尔肯伍德蜜蜂农场时与养蜂人 Kant Kaye 的互动和
交流。通过作者的观察和 Kant Kaye 的自述，展现了 Kant Kaye 的个人经历、工作方式和对待养蜂的独特态
度。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While Kaye is able to hear with the assistance of hearing aids she usually
removes them when she’s working. “Sounds aren’t natural to me,” she explains, “I just love the peace and quiet.
When I’m with the bees, I don’t need to hear, I can focus better when I’m not constantly disturbed.”(虽然 Kaye 在
助听器的帮助下能够听到声音，但她通常在工作时摘下助听器。“声音对我来说不自然，”她解释说，“我只
是喜欢和平与安静。当我和蜜蜂在一起的时候，我不需要听到什么，当我不被打扰的时候，我可以更好地
集中注意力。”)”可知，她不带助听器是为了减少外界声音的干扰，以便更好地集中注意力工作。故选 B。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She instructs me to remove the gloves I brought and tells me where to stand so
as to avoid stressing out the bees. Kaye’s gentle, careful style makes me feel at ease around her insects. The more
time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion for bees, as well as the ways that being hard
of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.(她让我摘掉带来的手套，并告诉我应该站在哪里，以
免给蜜蜂造成压力。Kaye 温柔、细心的风格让我在她的昆虫身边感到自在。我们在一起的时间越长，我就
越欣赏 Kaye 对蜜蜂的热情，以及听力障碍对她独特的工艺方法的影响。)”可知，作者提到，他们在一起的
时间越长，就越能欣赏到 Kaye 对蜜蜂的热爱，以及听力不佳对她在这一行中的独特方式的影响。这表明
Kaye 对蜜蜂有深入的了解和亲密的接触。故选 A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Perhaps above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper is almost
philosophical. Excelling at her job has everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables that arise
on any given day. Is there too much rain Too little When will the flowers bloom Will they produce enough
honey She responds accordingly, making sure not to disturb the bees’ rhythm and balance.(也许最重要的是，
Kaye 成为一名杰出养蜂人的原因几乎是哲学上的。她在工作上的出色表现与适应能力密切相关，需要对每
天出现的无数变数进行管理。雨水太多了吗？太少？花儿什么时候开放？它们能酿出足够的蜜吗？她做出
相应的反应，确保不扰乱蜜蜂的节奏和平衡。)”可知，Kaye 能够应对日常的不确定性，如天气、花的开花
时间和蜂蜜产量等，这种能力对她来说至关重要。故选 D。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion
for bees, as well as the ways that being hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.(我们在一
起的时间越长，我就越欣赏 Kaye 对蜜蜂的热情，以及听力障碍对她独特的工艺方法的影响。)”可知，Kaye
对养蜂有着深厚的热情。再根据文章第四段“Perhaps above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper
is almost philosophical. Excelling at her job has everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables
that arise on any given day. (也许最重要的是，Kaye 成为一名杰出养蜂人的原因几乎是哲学上的。她在工作
上的出色表现与适应能力密切相关，需要对每天出现的无数变数进行管理。)”可知，她的养蜂技艺高超。因
此，可以推断出 Kaye 是一个既热情又技艺高超的人。故选 B。
3.（2024·贵州·三模）In Telangana, southern India, a 17-year-old teenager, Hemesh Chadalavada, is making
waves with a game-changing invention that has the potential to revolutionize dementia (痴呆) care.
When Hemesh was 12 his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas on in the kitchen after
making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering what would have
happened if he hadn’t been there.
Witnessing his grandmother suffer from dementia, Hernesh knew that he had to do something, so he turned
to the Internet. After watching robotics courses online and taking advantage of his passion for coding, Hemesh set
about creating a smart device.
He spent time in a day centre to learn more about the needs of people with dementia. And 20 failed versions
later, the Alpha Monitor was born. Using advanced machine learning technology, the device, which can be worn on
the wrist, sends an automatic alert to caregivers when any abnormal activity is detected, such as if the user falls
down, wanders off, or has an accident. While other devices rely on Wi-Fi and are therefore unable to detect
movements outside a limited range, the Alpha Monitor uses long-range technology that can detect a person’s
movements more than a mile away in cities and three miles away in the countryside.
Sadly, Jayasree passed away last year, but her death has only reinforced Hemesh’s determination to continue
his mission of improving dementia care far and wide. Dhruv Saidava, Hemesh’s mentor, said, “I first met Hemesh
in 2019 during Ideate for India... Hemesh stood out. What set him apart was his exceptional talent for thorough
research and hands-on ability.”
In future, he plans to do research at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and improve the Alpha
Monitor so that it’s ready for market. He has made it clear that he wants the device to be sold at an affordable price
so that it’s accessible to people in less developed countries.
9．What inspired Hemesh’s invention
A．The concern about his grandma’s security.
B．The enthusiasm for robotics development.
C．The sympathy for people suffering from dementia.
D．The desire to research into machine learning technology.
10．How is Alpha Monitor superior to other devices
A．It goes through a series of tests.
B．It can detect abnormal activities.
C．It is equipped with an alert system.
D．It monitors a person’s farther distance.
11．What does the underlined word “reinforced” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Changed. B．Illustrated. C．Strengthened. D．Restored.
12．Which of the following can best describe Hemesh
A．Strong-willed and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and creative.
C．Responsible and sensitive. D．Stubborn and generous.
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度 17岁的青少年Hemesh Chadalavada发明了一款名为Alpha Monitor
的智能设备，该设备可以应用于痴呆症患者的监测。
9．细节理解题。由第二段“When Hemesh was 12 his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas on in
the kitchen after making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering what
would have happened if he hadn’t been there. (Hemesh 12 岁时，他 63 岁的祖母 Jayasree 在给自己泡了一杯茶
后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了 Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那里会发生什么)”
可知，63 岁的祖母 Jayasree 泡茶后忘关煤气，因 Hemesh 对祖母安全的担心，才激发了 Hemesh 发明 Alpha
Monitor。故选 A 项。
10．细节理解题。由第四段中“While other devices rely on Wi-Fi and are therefore unable to detect movements
outside a limited range, the Alpha Monitor uses long-range technology that can detect a person’s movements more
than a mile away in cities and three miles away in the countryside. (虽然其他设备依赖 Wi-Fi，因此无法检测有限
范围外的运动，但 Alpha Monitor 使用远程技术，可以检测一英里外城市和三英里外农村的人的运动)”可知，
Alpha Monitor 优于其他设备的地方在于它可以监测一个人的更远距离的运动。故选 D 项。
11．词句猜测题。由第五段中“Sadly, Jayasree passed away last year, but her death has only reinforced Hemesh’s
determination to continue his mission of improving dementia care far and wide. (不幸的是，Jayasree 于去年去世，
但她的去世只会 reinforced Hemesh 继续其改善痴呆症护理使命的决心)”和最后一段中“In future, he plans to
do research at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and improve the Alpha Monitor so that it’s ready for
market. (未来，他计划在德里印度理工学院（IIT）进行研究，并改进 Alpha Monitor，使其为市场做好准
备)”可知，未来 Hemesh 要改进 Alpha Monitor 并使其进入市场，可得出祖母的去世加强了他继续其改善痴
呆症护理使命的决心，划线词意为“Strengthened (加强)”。故选 C 项。
12．推理判断题。由第二段中“When Hemesh was 12 his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas
on in the kitchen after making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering
what would have happened if he hadn’t been there. (Hemesh 12 岁时，他 63 岁的祖母 Jayasree 在给自己泡了一
杯茶后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了 Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那里会发生什
么)”和第三段中“After watching robotics courses online and taking advantage of his passion for coding, Hemesh
set about creating a smart device. (在网上观看了机器人课程后，利用他对编码的热情，Hemesh 开始创造一种
智能设备)”可知，63 岁的祖母 Jayasree 泡茶后忘关煤气，因 Hemesh 对祖母安全的担心，才激发了 Hemesh
发明 Alpha Monitor，可得出 Hemesh 既暖心又有创造力。故选 B 项。
3.（2024·河北沧州·三模）
It was a common schedule for Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. First he gave a lesson in the morning to the Pilot
Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2:00 that afternoon for graduate
students. Afterward, Professor Yao exchanged ideas with the visiting Minister of Education and the Minister of
Technology, on the development of world-class disciplines in China’s universities. By late that afternoon, Professor
Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua University’s Professor Yao.
Professor Yao, a world-renowned computer scientist, received the A．M. Turing Award in 2000 for his
fundamental contributions to the theory of computation. He once worked at such universities as MIT, Stanford, UC
Berkeley, and Princeton. He left Princeton in 2004 to become a Tsinghua University Professor of Computer
Science.
Professor Yao had a life changing experience when he met Chinese Computer Science scholars in 2002 at an
academic meeting in Shanghai. Some Tsinghua graduate students happened to attend his lectures in Shanghai. The
following year, Professor Yao accepted an invitation from Tsinghua University to help build the Chair Professor
Group of the Department of Computer Science and Technology. In 2004, Yao formally joined Tsinghua
University’s Center for Advanced Studies as Full Professor.
Professor Yao’s appearance fills a major gap in theoretical computer science research in China. As a result of
Professor Yao’s efforts to build a world class presence computer science, Tsinghua now is able to attract leading
students, scholars, and conferences in core computer science specialties. Professor Yao has also made strategic
steps to strengthen Tsinghua’s computer science and technology undergraduate education. Professor Yao’s
theoretical courses help strengthen the students’ knowledge in computer theory. It is the first time for a Chinese
university to offer such courses.
Professor Yao is trying hard to move China’s efforts in computer science and technology toward world class
standards. “If we follow the right path, Tsinghua’s efforts in computer science will lead to great scientific
breakthroughs in the coming several years,” Professor Yao confidently concludes.
13．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
B．To imply Professor Yao is devoted to work.
C．To show extreme respect for Professor Yao.
D．To tell readers more about Tsinghua University.
14．What happened before Professor Yao left Princeton
A．He served at three universities at the same time.
B．He was interviewed by Tsinghua graduate students.
C．He applied for a full time job to Tsinghua University.
D．He got a very invitation from Tsinghua University.
15．What is the main contribution of Professor Yao
A．He has made great efforts to open computer science major.
B．He has helped start theoretical computer science research.
C．He has done research in core computer science specialties.
D．He has attracted more leading students from the world.
16．What message does the author want to convey in the passage
A．Professor Yao is founder of computer science in China.
B．Professor Yao helps develop China’s computer science.
C．Professor Yao has contributed to the development of China.
D．Professor Yao has made great breakthroughs in science.
【答案】13．B 14．D 15．B 16．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了世界著名计算机学家姚期智努力帮助发展我国的计算机科学的事迹。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was a common schedule for Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. First he gave a lesson in the
morning to the Pilot Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2:00 that
afternoon for graduate students. Afterward, Professor Yao exchanged ideas with the visiting Minister of Education
and the Minister of Technology, on the development of world-class disciplines in China’s universities. By late that
afternoon, Professor Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua
University’s Professor Yao. (对姚期智来说，这是一个常见的日程安排。首先，他上午给计算机科学试点班上
了一节课。当天下午 2 点，他和两位外国学者一起为研究生举行了研讨会。随后，姚教授与来访的教育部
部长和科技部部长就中国高校建设世界一流学科进行了交流。那天下午晚些时候，姚教授准备开始自己的
研究。)”可知，本段作用是要说明姚教授致力于工作。故选 B 项。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He left Princeton in 2004 to become a Tsinghua University Professor of Computer
Science.(他于 2004 年离开普林斯顿大学，成为清华大学计算机科学教授。)”和第三段“Professor Yao had a life
changing experience when he met Chinese Computer Science scholars in 2002 at an academic meeting in Shanghai.
Some Tsinghua graduate students happened to attend his lectures in Shanghai. The following year, Professor Yao
accepted an invitation from Tsinghua University to help build the Chair Professor Group of the Department of
Computer Science and Technology. In 2004, Yao formally joined Tsinghua University’s Center for Advanced
Studies as Full Professor.( 2002 年，姚教授在上海的一次学术会议上遇到了中国计算机科学学者，这段经历
改变了他的一生。一些清华的研究生碰巧在上海听了他的讲座。翌年，姚教授获清华大学邀请，协助成立
清华大学计算机科学与技术学系讲座教授小组。2004 年，他正式加入清华大学高等研究中心，担任正教
授。)”可知，姚教授离开普林斯顿大学之前收到了清华大学的邀请。故选 D 项。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Professor Yao’s appearance fills a major gap in theoretical computer science
research in China.(姚教授的出现填补了中国理论计算机科学研究的一个重大空白。)”可知，姚教授的主要贡
献是填补了我国计算机科学理论研究的一大空白。故选 B 项。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Professor Yao is trying hard to move China’s efforts in computer
science and technology toward world class standards. (姚教授正在努力推动中国在计算机科学和技术方面的努
力达到世界一流水平。)”可知，本文讲述了姚教授努力帮助发展中国的计算机科学的事迹。故选 B 项。
4.（2024·河北衡水·三模）
Living for 97 years is an impressive achievement in and of itself. Most people hitting this milestone are
probably thankful for what health they have and the memories they’ve made. In the case of TV host and
conservationist Sir David Attenborough, he can reflect on a life of activism in service for our planet. The British
icon turned an impressive 97 on May 8, 2023. Born in 1926, Attenborough has spent most of his life on camera for
the BBC covering animals and natural history. Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for our
planet.
Attenborough, who received a degree in natural sciences from Cambridge University, joined the BBC
full-time in 1952. He travelled around the world with his Zoo Quest programme, highlighting different creatures.
Afterwards, he created his iconic series Life on Earth in 1979. Since then, he has created and starred in countless
programmes which have brought nature closer to viewers around the world.
His recent documentary with World Wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life On Our Planet, often returns
to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough’s later work. He reflects on just how much the environment
has changed in his decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before further serious damage can be
prevented. This programme was widely streamed and considered a “wake up call” for the world.
While Attenborough is far from the first or only voice to raise this call, his reach as a respected and powerful
figure within the BBC provides a useful platform.
Although he has received countless awards, Attenborough has used recent accolades (荣誉) as a chance to
focus once more on the planet. Shortly after winning the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award in
2022, he sent an urgent message about the state of the planet to all viewers in Frozen Planet Ⅱ, Even after his 97th
birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the UK and the world for future generations.
17．What is Sir David Attenborough known for
A．The possession of treasures. B．The memories about activities.
C．The rewards as a British icon. D．The contribution to protecting the earth.
18．How did Sir David Attenborough try to get nature and his audience closer
A．By majoring in natural science in university,
B．By travelling throughout the world while in BBC．
C．By siting closer to viewers when hosting programmes.
D．By staring and starring in many relevant programmes.
19．What can we know about A Life Om Our Planet
A．It features environment protection.
B．It is about how swiftly time runs out of one’s life.
C．It is received by few viewers and thought little of.
D．It provides a powerful and useful platform for BBC．
20．Which words can best describe Sir David Attenborough
A．Dependent and curious. B．Devoted and responsible.
C．Humorous and passionate. D．Ambitious and self-centred.
【答案】17．D 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大卫 爱登堡不仅是一位杰出的自然博物学家，还是勇敢无畏的探险家和旅行
家，他被世人誉为“世界自然纪录片之父”。他自 1952 年进入 BBC 工作以后，一直参与主持、创作人与自然
的相关节目。如今 97 岁高龄的他早已获奖无数，却仍然为保护地球而奔走奋斗。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the case of TV host and conservationist sir David Attenborough, he can reflect on
a life of activism in service for our planet.(以电视节目主持人、环保主义者大卫·阿滕伯勒爵士为例，他可以反
思为地球服务的激进主义生活)”和最后一句 “Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for our
planet.(今天，尽管他年事已高，他仍然是我们星球的积极活动家)”可知，97 岁高龄的 David Attenborough
因其积极保护地球的行为而为世人熟知。故选 D。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since then, he has created and starred in countless programmes which have brought
nature closer to viewers around the world.(从那时起，他创作并主演了无数节目，让世界各地的观众更接近大
自然)”可知，David Attenborough 创办 并主演了很多能拉近自然和观众之间距离的节目。故选 D。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“His recent documentary with world wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life on
our planet, often returns to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough, s later work. He reflects on just how
much the environment has changed in his decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before further
serious damage can be prevented.(他最近与世界野生动物基金会合作的纪录片《大卫·阿滕伯勒:我们星球上的
生命》经常回归到阿滕伯勒后期作品的主要主题。他反思了在他几十年的观察中，环境发生了多大的变化，
在防止进一步的严重破坏之前，时间是多么紧迫)”可知，David Attenborough 在 A Life on our planet 中反思
几十年来的环境变化，感叹时间飞逝，如何抓紧时间阻止对地球的损害，可见 A Life on our planet 的特征是
保护环境，故选 A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even after his 97th birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the
UK and the world for future generations.(即使在他 97 岁生日之后，他仍在为子孙后代保护英国和世界而写作
和演讲)” 可知，过完 97 岁生日的 Attenborough 仍然继续为保护地球发声，为下一代付出，可见
Attenborough 是一个为事业积极投入，对世界、对下一代负责的人。故选 B。
5.（2024·内蒙古·三模）
From a fish and chip stall, Jenny has come to be the toast of London’s foodie scene. She has achieved a
remarkable feat by becoming a famous chef, a distinction that has been a dream coming true for her. “It’s still
sinking in,” she said, expressing her surprise at the overwhelming social media response to her accomplishment.
Her restaurant is a unique space where modern West African cuisine takes center stage, highlighting the rich
culinary (烹饪的) traditions of Nigeria’s Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo ethnic groups. “In my restaurant, I bring together
these three culinary traditions, providing an exciting journey for diners,” Jenny described. Each dish tells a story,
from a black sauce for fish, a postpartum (产后的) meal for new mothers, to a fermented tomato sauce.
Jenny’s love for food began at a young age, but she was initially guided towards a more traditional career
path. She studied biological sciences in university, where she also ran a fish and chip cart. Her move to the UK in
1999 marked the beginning of her journey towards culinary success.
As for her, her restaurant is not only a restaurant but also Jenny’s way of honoring her heritage and the food
her grandmother used to prepare. “The memory of my grandmother’s cooking inspires me every day,” she shared.
Jenny’s cooking shows heartfelt respect for her roots, and her mission is to showcase the flavors of her culture.
Jenny longs to be a role model for chefs from diverse backgrounds. She recognizes the value of
representation and hopes her success can inspire other chefs in the UK. She notes that while the industry is slowly
becoming more inclusive, it’s crucial for employers, landlords, critics, and investors to expand their perspectives to
support a variety of cuisines.
Her fame is a testament (证明) to her talent and dedication, but it’s the personal connection to her dishes and
the memories of home-cooked meals that truly fuel her passion. Jenny’s story is a shining example of how one can
achieve their dreams while staying true to their cultural identity.
21．What is the character of Jenny’s restaurant
A．It serves traditional British cuisine.
B．It is famous for postpartum meals only.
C．It is managed by a social media influencer.
D．It features West African culinary traditions.
22．What was Jenny’s initial step to her career path
A．Being a biological sciences student.
B．Being a social media influencer.
C．Being a corporate executive.
D．Being a professional chef.
23．What can we infer about Jenny
A．She prioritizes commercial success over culture.
B．She aims to westernize traditional Nigerian cuisine.
C．She uses her restaurant as a medium for scientific research.
D．She integrates her personal history with her professional knowledge.
24．What does Jenny desire to contribute to the culinary world
A．Celebrity status. B．Culinary revolution.
C．Diversity in cooking. D．Profits of her restaurant.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 24．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Jenny 从摆炸鱼薯条摊起家，后来成为伦敦知名厨师。她用现代西非美食向民族文
化致敬并希望自己的经历能激励不同背景的厨师。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her restaurant is a unique space where modern West African cuisine takes center
stage, highlighting the rich culinary (烹饪的) traditions of Nigeria’s Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo ethnic groups. “In
my restaurant, I bring together these three culinary traditions, providing an exciting journey for diners,” Jenny
described. Each dish tells a story, from a black sauce for fish, a postpartum (产后的) meal for new mothers, to a
fermented tomato sauce. (她的餐厅是一个独特的空间，现代西非美食的中心舞台，突出尼日利亚的豪萨，约
鲁巴，和伊博民族丰富的烹饪传统。“在我的餐厅里，我把这三种烹饪传统结合在一起，为食客们提供了一
次令人兴奋的旅程，”珍妮描述道。每道菜都有一个故事，从鱼的黑酱，新妈妈的产后餐，到发酵番茄
酱。)”可知，Jenny 的餐厅的特点是它展示了现代西非的烹饪传统。故选 D。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jenny’s love for food began at a young age, but she was initially guided
towards a more traditional career path. She studied biological sciences in university, where she also ran a fish and
chip cart. Her move to the UK in 1999 marked the beginning of her journey towards culinary success. (珍妮对食物
的热爱从很小的时候就开始了，但她最初被引导到更传统的职业道路上。她在大学里学的是生物科学，还
经营过一辆炸鱼薯条车。)”可知，Jenny 职业道路的开始是成为一名生物科学的学生。故选 A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段“As for her, her restaurant is not only a restaurant but also Jenny’s way of honoring
her heritage and the food her grandmother used to prepare. “The memory of my grandmother’s cooking inspires me
every day,” she shared. Jenny’s cooking shows heartfelt respect for her roots, and her mission is to showcase the
flavors of her culture. (对她来说，她的餐馆不仅是一家餐馆，也是珍妮纪念她的传统和祖母曾经做过的食物
的方式。“对祖母烹饪的记忆每天都在激励着我，”她分享道。珍妮的烹饪表现了对她的根发自内心的尊重，
她的使命是展示她的文化的味道。)”可知，Jenny 将自己的个人经历和对文化根源的尊重融入她的专业知识
中。故选 D。
24．推理判断题。根据第五段“Jenny longs to be a role model for chefs from diverse backgrounds. She recognizes
the value of representation and hopes her success can inspire other chefs in the UK. She notes that while the
industry is slowly becoming more inclusive, it’s crucial for employers, landlords, critics, and investors to expand
their perspectives to support a variety of cuisines. (珍妮渴望成为来自不同背景的厨师的榜样。她认识到代表性
的价值，并希望她的成功能激励英国的其他厨师。她指出，虽然这个行业正在慢慢变得更具包容性，但对
于雇主、房东、评论家和投资者来说，扩大视野以支持各种美食是至关重要的。)”可知，Jenny 渴望在烹饪
界中提倡多样性，成为不同背景厨师的榜样。故选 C。
6. （23-24 高三·河北衡水·期末）
Growing up in suburbia, yard work was punishment. I’d take almost anything else. I didn’t like being outside,
and I especially didn’t like bugs or dirt.
When I left home at 17 with a backpack of belongings, I figured my gardening days were behind me. There
were no yards to work in—only concrete! The concrete jungle that awaited me seemed like a welcome escape from
the outdoor chores that had once felt like a sentence.
It wasn’t until my mid-20s that I, thinking it was the adult thing to do, brought home a small daisy (雏菊) in
a pot to put on my fire escape. Less than 24 hours later, a squirrel (松鼠) arrived and dragged it away, pot and all.
That’s New York for you! I took it as a sign and didn’t try any more plants in that apartment.
When I married, my wife and I bought a house in outer Brooklyn. There was enough room to have a garden
if we wanted one. We decided to see if we could grow anything, mostly for the novelty factor. Much to my
surprise, digging in the dirt felt like fun and totally not a chore! In the early mornings, I would bend down to
inspect the soil waiting for the plants to appear. Watering at dusk, I whispered to the baby plants, expecting them to
keep growing. The plants kept the neighborhood squirrels fed and provided a place for bumblebees to nap. I felt a
rush of power and excitement.
As the flowers and vegetables bloomed, I noticed something in me was growing as well. Since running away
from home as a teenager, I’ve always done my best to build a shelter for myself wherever I was living. I hung
pictures on the walls. I built new holiday traditions with friends. I painted the walls bright colors. But it always felt
like maybe that deep connection to a particular space was missing. In gardening, I finally found this new layer of
depth. I guess you could say I was putting down roots.
There is an inspiring, self-care practice in the time and energy it takes to plant, water, and wait and wait to
see if the magic happens. It’s the act of growing that I find the sweetest.
What are you growing
25．How does the author interpret his departure at 17
A．As a necessary step for growth. B．As a great relief.
C．As an escape from social expectations. D．As a bittersweet transition.
26．What can we learn about the author at his mid-20s
A．There was a shift in his perspective. B．He regarded a squirrel as a bad sign.
C．He began to miss the days before 17. D．A sense of responsibility grew in him.
27．What did the author harvest from gardening
A．A colorful life. B．Friends’ respect.
C．Creative ideas. D．A sense of belonging.
28．The question at the end is intended to stimulate the readers to consider _______.
A．their own sources of growth B．the importance of gardening
C．the output of the growing plants D．their favorite flowers and vegetables
【答案】25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从讨厌园艺到爱上园艺的过程。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Growing up in suburbia, yard work was punishment. I’d take almost anything
else. I didn’t like being outside, and I especially didn’t like bugs or dirt.(在郊区长大，在院子里干活是一种惩罚。
我几乎什么都要做。我不喜欢呆在外面，我尤其不喜欢虫子和泥土。)”可知，作者并不喜欢园艺。再根据第
二段“When I left home at 17 with a backpack of belongings, I figured my gardening days were behind me.(当我 17
岁带着一背包的东西离开家时，我以为我的园艺生涯已经过去了。)”根据，作者 17 岁离开家时感到非常开
心，因为他可以远离讨厌的园艺生活，并从此将它抛在脑后。故选 B。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It wasn’t until my mid-20s that I, thinking it was the adult thing to do, brought
home a small daisy (雏菊) in a pot to put on my fire escape.(直到二十多岁的时候，我想到这是成年人该做的事，
于是带了一朵装在花盆里的小雏菊回家，放在我的防火梯上。)”可知，作者 20 多岁的时候，对园艺的看法
有了改变。故选 A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“As the flowers and vegetables bloomed, I noticed something in me was
growing as well. Since running away from home as a teenager, I’ve always done my best to build a shelter for
myself wherever I was living. I hung pictures on the walls. I built new holiday traditions with friends. I painted the
walls bright colors. But it always felt like maybe that deep connection to a particular space was missing. In
gardening, I finally found this new la第 06 讲 阅读理解记叙文
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】叙事型记叙文的考查
【题型二】记人型记叙文的考查
【题型三】新闻报道的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 叙事型记叙文的考查
1.（23-24 高三·江苏泰州·期中）
Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do On
Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his
daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small
aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity
expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier:
Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the
building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was
the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled.
On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top
on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew
from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot
and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船).
The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It
was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible.
The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged
(轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if
I flip (翻) ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you
were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a
police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources
appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated
for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own
way back.
“I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d
gone the right way that day.
1．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The pilot. B．The kayak.
C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft.
2．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001
A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos.
C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured.
3．Which of the following best describes Gelinne
A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated.
C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless.
4．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph
A．He dialed 911 immediately.
B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice.
C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries.
D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely.
2. （2024·山西临汾·三模）
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St. Elmo’s Fire and Less Than
Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and
Walking With Sam (2021). In the new book, he looks back on an epic adventure, where he walked 500 miles across
Spain’s Camino de Santiago with his 19-year-old son, Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship, as Sam was just
stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the parent-child,
dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers (同龄人),” he said. “The Camino gave me
the greatest luxury you have with adult children — which is time.” For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time
with Sam, and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father. “My relationship with my dad ended
pretty much when I left home at 17 years old, and I didn’t want that happen with my kids,” MeCarthy said.
The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail. It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship
among the other walkers they encounter, and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch
with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a relationship, and
there are lovely examples of both here. In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash, and
offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment. “I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy
writes.“He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs (蒲公英) float in
the air like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair
walk across the country and towards one another.
5．What do we know about Walking With Sam according to paragraph 1
A．A fantasy novel. B．A travel memoir.
C．A prize-winning diary entry. D．An era-defining movie.
6．Why did McCarthy start the adventure
A．To honor his father. B．To help his son fly the nest.
C．To bond with his son. D．To seek for writing inspiration.
7．McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by ______.
A．comparison and contrast B．cause and effect
C．facts and opinions D．sequence of events
8．What does the author think of Walking With Sam
A．Plain but functional. B．Inspiring and touching.
C．Brief but informative. D．Humorous and straightforward.
3. （23-24 高三·广东湛江·阶段练习）
My legs were shaking, my heart pounding. As we neared the edge of the cliff (悬崖), I double-checked all my
equipment to make sure it was secure. I felt anxious, and I was not eager for my turn as I waited in line with the
members of my group. Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let in front of me.
Slowly, I lowered myself to the edge of the nearly 200-foot cliff. My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I
reached the person who hooked me to the belaying ropes, which kept me from falling. He hooked me up, and I
slowly lowered myself over the edge of the cliff, breathed deeply, and went into a sitting position with both feet in
front of me. I closed my eyes, took a deep breath, and began to go down.
Panic took over as I reached a point where my feet could no longer touch the rocky wall. The wall was right
there, fooling me. My foot made contact with the wall, causing me to turn around. As I slowly began to spin around
an interesting thing happened; my panic disappeared suddenly. The beautiful view of the surrounding area
overcame me. All the different-sized trees were evergreens, which seemed to blanket the hillside. The forest was
filled with life as different types of animals raced across my field of vision. As I looked upward the sky seemed to
open up into a blue vastness. A sense of excitement overtook me. I’d been waiting for this moment, night and day,
for one long month, and finally my dream had become reality. I began to feel calmer and more relaxed.
As I finally neared the bottom of the cliff, there seemed to be less animal activity. When I looked up, the cliff
did not seem so frightening. My feet were shaky when they finally touched the soft and muddy ground. My heart
swelled with pride. Traveling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.
9．How did the author feel when he was about to go down the cliff
A．Excited. B．Eager. C．Frightened. D．Anxious.
10．Why did the person hook the author to the belaying ropes
A．To let him go down faster. B．To place him over the edge.
C．To ensure his safety. D．To tie him to the tree.
11．When did the author begin to spin around
A．When his feet couldn’t touch the rocky Wall. B．As soon as his feet touched the rocky wall again.
C．When he lowered himself down the cliff.D．After his feet touched the ground.
12．What was the author going to do after going down the cliff
A．Climb up the cliff once more. B．Go slowly down the mountain.
C．Camp on the soft ground. D．Climb up the mountain.
4. （2022·江西南昌·模拟预测）
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft
leather was very emotional. She said:“I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed
older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face.
From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were
first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the
underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. However, she harboured her dream of being a
ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie—lowering to the floor with bent knees seemed to be out of the question. It
took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. “I love the struggle and the challenge of
learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good
enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse
measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought . She attributes (归因) the difference to improved
posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends.
She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal
Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,”
said Leverton.
13．How had Leverton been feeling about taking a ballet class
A．Confident B．Shy C．Bored D．Expectant
14．Why did Leverton fail to take a ballet class in her youth
A．The ballet class was unaffordable for her family.
B．Her parents prevented her from doing so.
C．Her family was busy immigrating to the UK.
D．She had to hold two cleaning jobs.
15．What did dancing bring to Leverton
A．A team award. B．Health and friendship.
C．Fame and wealth. D．A well-paid job.
16．What can be learned from Leverton’s story
A．Never too old to pursue dreams. B．Hard work pays off.
C．Interest is the path to success. D．Actions speak louder than words.
5. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）
When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several
attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing
that scene again. Sadly, as I discovered this week, lightning can strike twice.
I was getting off a tube train in London when I noticed a woman coughing. I slowed down, watching her
carefully. I had learned that coughing is rarely a sign that something is terribly wrong. Suddenly, the woman
stopped coughing, her eyes widened and she bent over.
When I went over to ask if she was OK, she looked up at me, panicked, and pointed to her back. I started
hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be
able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her
death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would.
Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose. She
thanked me, almost embarrassed, and walked up to the lift. I followed behind her, shaking, with tears in my eyes.
By the time we reached the lift, we had both calmed down. She took my hands and thanked me again, before
disappearing. She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back — I may not have actually saved her
life — but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared.
This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be
available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to will help, leading to inaction. I get it: the
fear of making things worse, especially if you have no medical training, is real. Research suggests that when a
“medically competent” person is assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less
likely to occur. Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved. So it
was with the coughing woman on the tube.
17．How did the friend’s choking incident affect the author
A．She lived with a sense of guilt.
B．She realized the importance of first aid.
C．She developed a fear of witnessing similar events.
D．She deepened her understanding of the bystander effect.
18．What did the author do to help the woman on the tube
A．She relieved the woman’s coughing.
B．She walked the woman up to the lift.
C．She found a “medically competent” person for her.
D．She performed first aid by hitting the woman’s back.
19．Which situation can be described as the bystander effect
A．You volunteered to help an old man carrying a heavy bag.
B．You asked your brother who is a doctor to save a dying woman.
C．You avoided involvement when seeing an injured lady on the road.
D．You walked away after the rescue men asked you to leave the scene.
20．What can we learn from this passage
A．A good tun deserves another. B．Every cloud has a silver lining.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Action speaks louder than inaction.
6. （2024·新疆·三模）
A few inspiring clues kept the rescuers going: the remains of fruit with bitemarks made by small human teeth,
a pair of scissors and nappies (尿布) in the rainforest mud. All offered hope that four children, who come from the
Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia. The oldest of
them was 13 and the youngest was only 11 months old. They were alive with tigers, poisonous snakes, storms and
other threats under the dense green canopy of trees and vegetation.
The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still
inside. But there was no sign of the children. A long search through the forest began. Helicopters hovered over the
area around the crash, broadcasting message s from the children’s grandmother, telling them they hadn’t been
forgotten, urging them to stay in one place, and dropping packets of food that may have helped them survive.
“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack (干草堆), but a tiny flea (跳蚤) in a vast carpet, as they keep
moving,” the captain of the search team told Colombian journalists. “Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure
that we would have already found them if they were dead.”
Then on a Friday in June, army radios sounded. “Miracle, miracle, miracle, miracle”. It was the army code
for a child found alive; repeated four times meant all four had survived.
Although malnourished, and covered in insect bites, none were in a serious condition. The military posted
pictures of a group of soldiers and volunteers posing with the children, who were wrapped in blankets. The
education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous
territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival.
“They’ve given us an example of total survival that will go down in history,” said Colombia’s president,
Gustavo Petro, calling it “a joy for the whole country”.
21．How many people were on board the plane that crashed
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
22．Why did it take about one month to find the children
A．There was no timely rescue.
B．They were constantly in motion.
C．The accident left them badly injured.
D．Wild animals became a great threat for the search.
23．What’s the captain’s attitude towards the children’s survival
A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Subjective. D．Concerned.
24．What is the key contributor to the children’s survival
A．The pictures taken by the soldiers. B．The messages sent by the army.
C．The tips from their grandmother. D．The encouragement of the president.
题型二 记人型记叙文的考查
1. （2024·广东江门·二模）
Clair Hughes first began to research money-saving ideas to get out of her 3,500 student overdraft (透支额).
The shopper started surfing the Internet for discount coupons (优惠券) and cut price offers. Revealing how she
seldom pays full price for an item, Ms Hughes says, “Discounts are always there; it’s just a matter of being
organized. Before starting this, I thought it’d be much work, but now I’m so used to this lifestyle that it’s automatic
to me. I must have easily saved over 15,000.”
Ms Hughes first focused on saving money back in 2010, when she moved in with her partner, Shane Byrne, a
phone company trainer. After turning to the web for advice, she tried out a few clever money-saving tricks like
switching her overdraft to a zero-interest account. Then, several years later, she came across an online community
for “couponers” and decided to give it a go.
She started spending hours surfing the web for coupons, printing them all out to take with her whenever she
went shopping. Over the years, she has managed to get some impressive catches. Once, two lamps worth 140 cost
her just 35.
Two years ago, Ms Hughes also began using cashback apps where you are given money back on items
ranging from beers to toiletries. After each shop, she uploads pictures of her receipts, which are then scanned, and
money is given back on certain items.
Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking part in paid online surveys, which
have earned her hundreds in discount coupons. She says, “I’ve heard a lot about collecting other people’s
abandoned receipts from shopping trolleys to check for missed discounts. I can’t believe how much coupons and
cashback apps have helped me. The community does benefit me a lot. There will always be someone on hand to
explain how it works.”
1．What does saving money mean to Clair Hughes
A．It’s part of her daily life. B．It makes her shop less.
C．It’s a way to leave school. D．It keeps her work organized.
2．What can we know about Clair Hughes
A．She always asks Shane for suggestions.
B．She likes going shopping with her friends.
C．She has bought some goods in low prices.
D．She is good at discussing prices with others.
3．What does the last paragraph mainly show
A．Hughes’ feelings of her life. B．Hughes’ ways to get coupons.
C．Hughes’ appreciation for society. D．Hughes’ difficulty in saving money.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．A Graduate Enjoys Shopping B．A Community Collects Coupons
C．A Woman Focuses on Saving Money D．A Shopper Is Famous for Saving Money
2. （2024·河北·模拟预测）
When I arrive at Falconwood Bee Farm, Kant Kaye in already deep into checking hive (蜂箱) boxes, unaware
of my presence. I overhear her chatting with the bees, their soft hum (嗡嗡声 ) filling the air between words of
encouragement and negotiation.
Kaye was born with extreme deafness. While Kaye is able to hear with the assistance of hearing aids she
usually removes them when she’s working. “Sounds aren’t natural to me,” she explains, “I just love the peace and
quiet. When I’m with the bees, I don’t need to hear, I can focus better when I’m not constantly disturbed.”
Equipped with only her hood (头巾), hive tool, and smoker, Kaye moves at a steady and calculated pace. I’m
overdressed, having borrowed a full protective suit for the occasion. She instructs me to remove the gloves I
brought and tells me where to stand so as to avoid stressing out the bees. Kaye’s gentle, careful style makes me feel
at ease around her insects. The more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion for bees,
as well as the ways that being hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.
In her practice, she emphasizes natural beekeeping techniques that employ minimal chemical interventions.
And she’s able to get all the information she needs to tend to the hives by relying on her other senses. Perhaps
above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper is almost philosophical. Excelling at her job has
everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables that arise on any given day. Is there too much
rain Too little When will the flowers bloom Will they produce enough honey She responds accordingly,
making sure not to disturb the bees’ rhythm and balance.
“There is a spiritual side to beekeeping,” she said. “You can’t fully control them, like with anything in nature,
really. Some years you get a great honey season. Some years are horrible and you lose 50 percent of your hive.
There’s a lot of heartbreak but a lot of joy, too, in just working outside with these creatures—a living super
organism.”
5．Why does Kaye work without hearing aids
A．To feel at ease. B．To better concentrate.
C．To reduce dependence on them. D．To avoid the humming noise of the bees.
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．Kaye knows the bees very well.
B．A protective suit is necessary for Kaye.
C．Losing hearing brings trouble to Kaye’s work.
D．The author is too frightened to follow Kaye’s instructions.
7．What matters most for Kaye to become an exceptional beekeeper
A．Her remarkable honey production.
B．Her natural beekeeping techniques.
C．Her knowledge on weather conditions.
D．Her capability of handling daily uncertainties.
8．What is Kaye like
A．Creative and brave. B．Passionate and skilled
C．Deaf but ambitious D．Heartbroken but determined.
3.（2024·贵州·三模）In Telangana, southern India, a 17-year-old teenager, Hemesh Chadalavada, is making
waves with a game-changing invention that has the potential to revolutionize dementia (痴呆) care.
When Hemesh was 12 his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas on in the kitchen after
making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering what would have
happened if he hadn’t been there.
Witnessing his grandmother suffer from dementia, Hernesh knew that he had to do something, so he turned
to the Internet. After watching robotics courses online and taking advantage of his passion for coding, Hemesh set
about creating a smart device.
He spent time in a day centre to learn more about the needs of people with dementia. And 20 failed versions
later, the Alpha Monitor was born. Using advanced machine learning technology, the device, which can be worn on
the wrist, sends an automatic alert to caregivers when any abnormal activity is detected, such as if the user falls
down, wanders off, or has an accident. While other devices rely on Wi-Fi and are therefore unable to detect
movements outside a limited range, the Alpha Monitor uses long-range technology that can detect a person’s
movements more than a mile away in cities and three miles away in the countryside.
Sadly, Jayasree passed away last year, but her death has only reinforced Hemesh’s determination to continue
his mission of improving dementia care far and wide. Dhruv Saidava, Hemesh’s mentor, said, “I first met Hemesh
in 2019 during Ideate for India... Hemesh stood out. What set him apart was his exceptional talent for thorough
research and hands-on ability.”
In future, he plans to do research at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and improve the Alpha
Monitor so that it’s ready for market. He has made it clear that he wants the device to be sold at an affordable price
so that it’s accessible to people in less developed countries.
9．What inspired Hemesh’s invention
A．The concern about his grandma’s security.
B．The enthusiasm for robotics development.
C．The sympathy for people suffering from dementia.
D．The desire to research into machine learning technology.
10．How is Alpha Monitor superior to other devices
A．It goes through a series of tests.
B．It can detect abnormal activities.
C．It is equipped with an alert system.
D．It monitors a person’s farther distance.
11．What does the underlined word “reinforced” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Changed. B．Illustrated. C．Strengthened. D．Restored.
12．Which of the following can best describe Hemesh
A．Strong-willed and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and creative.
C．Responsible and sensitive. D．Stubborn and generous.
3.（2024·河北沧州·三模）
It was a common schedule for Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. First he gave a lesson in the morning to the Pilot
Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2:00 that afternoon for graduate
students. Afterward, Professor Yao exchanged ideas with the visiting Minister of Education and the Minister of
Technology, on the development of world-class disciplines in China’s universities. By late that afternoon, Professor
Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua University’s Professor Yao.
Professor Yao, a world-renowned computer scientist, received the A．M. Turing Award in 2000 for his
fundamental contributions to the theory of computation. He once worked at such universities as MIT, Stanford, UC
Berkeley, and Princeton. He left Princeton in 2004 to become a Tsinghua University Professor of Computer
Science.
Professor Yao had a life changing experience when he met Chinese Computer Science scholars in 2002 at an
academic meeting in Shanghai. Some Tsinghua graduate students happened to attend his lectures in Shanghai. The
following year, Professor Yao accepted an invitation from Tsinghua University to help build the Chair Professor
Group of the Department of Computer Science and Technology. In 2004, Yao formally joined Tsinghua
University’s Center for Advanced Studies as Full Professor.
Professor Yao’s appearance fills a major gap in theoretical computer science research in China. As a result of
Professor Yao’s efforts to build a world class presence computer science, Tsinghua now is able to attract leading
students, scholars, and conferences in core computer science specialties. Professor Yao has also made strategic
steps to strengthen Tsinghua’s computer science and technology undergraduate education. Professor Yao’s
theoretical courses help strengthen the students’ knowledge in computer theory. It is the first time for a Chinese
university to offer such courses.
Professor Yao is trying hard to move China’s efforts in computer science and technology toward world class
standards. “If we follow the right path, Tsinghua’s efforts in computer science will lead to great scientific
breakthroughs in the coming several years,” Professor Yao confidently concludes.
13．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
B．To imply Professor Yao is devoted to work.
C．To show extreme respect for Professor Yao.
D．To tell readers more about Tsinghua University.
14．What happened before Professor Yao left Princeton
A．He served at three universities at the same time.
B．He was interviewed by Tsinghua graduate students.
C．He applied for a full time job to Tsinghua University.
D．He got a very invitation from Tsinghua University.
15．What is the main contribution of Professor Yao
A．He has made great efforts to open computer science major.
B．He has helped start theoretical computer science research.
C．He has done research in core computer science specialties.
D．He has attracted more leading students from the world.
16．What message does the author want to convey in the passage
A．Professor Yao is founder of computer science in China.
B．Professor Yao helps develop China’s computer science.
C．Professor Yao has contributed to the development of China.
D．Professor Yao has made great breakthroughs in science.
4.（2024·河北衡水·三模）
Living for 97 years is an impressive achievement in and of itself. Most people hitting this milestone are
probably thankful for what health they have and the memories they’ve made. In the case of TV host and
conservationist Sir David Attenborough, he can reflect on a life of activism in service for our planet. The British
icon turned an impressive 97 on May 8, 2023. Born in 1926, Attenborough has spent most of his life on camera for
the BBC covering animals and natural history. Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for our
planet.
Attenborough, who received a degree in natural sciences from Cambridge University, joined the BBC
full-time in 1952. He travelled around the world with his Zoo Quest programme, highlighting different creatures.
Afterwards, he created his iconic series Life on Earth in 1979. Since then, he has created and starred in countless
programmes which have brought nature closer to viewers around the world.
His recent documentary with World Wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life On Our Planet, often returns
to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough’s later work. He reflects on just how much the environment
has changed in his decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before further serious damage can be
prevented. This programme was widely streamed and considered a “wake up call” for the world.
While Attenborough is far from the first or only voice to raise this call, his reach as a respected and powerful
figure within the BBC provides a useful platform.
Although he has received countless awards, Attenborough has used recent accolades (荣誉) as a chance to
focus once more on the planet. Shortly after winning the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award in
2022, he sent an urgent message about the state of the planet to all viewers in Frozen Planet Ⅱ, Even after his 97th
birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the UK and the world for future generations.
17．What is Sir David Attenborough known for
A．The possession of treasures. B．The memories about activities.
C．The rewards as a British icon. D．The contribution to protecting the earth.
18．How did Sir David Attenborough try to get nature and his audience closer
A．By majoring in natural science in university,
B．By travelling throughout the world while in BBC．
C．By siting closer to viewers when hosting programmes.
D．By staring and starring in many relevant programmes.
19．What can we know about A Life Om Our Planet
A．It features environment protection.
B．It is about how swiftly time runs out of one’s life.
C．It is received by few viewers and thought little of.
D．It provides a powerful and useful platform for BBC．
20．Which words can best describe Sir David Attenborough
A．Dependent and curious. B．Devoted and responsible.
C．Humorous and passionate. D．Ambitious and self-centred.
5.（2024·内蒙古·三模）
From a fish and chip stall, Jenny has come to be the toast of London’s foodie scene. She has achieved a
remarkable feat by becoming a famous chef, a distinction that has been a dream coming true for her. “It’s still
sinking in,” she said, expressing her surprise at the overwhelming social media response to her accomplishment.
Her restaurant is a unique space where modern West African cuisine takes center stage, highlighting the rich
culinary (烹饪的) traditions of Nigeria’s Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo ethnic groups. “In my restaurant, I bring together
these three culinary traditions, providing an exciting journey for diners,” Jenny described. Each dish tells a story,
from a black sauce for fish, a postpartum (产后的) meal for new mothers, to a fermented tomato sauce.
Jenny’s love for food began at a young age, but she was initially guided towards a more traditional career
path. She studied biological sciences in university, where she also ran a fish and chip cart. Her move to the UK in
1999 marked the beginning of her journey towards culinary success.
As for her, her restaurant is not only a restaurant but also Jenny’s way of honoring her heritage and the food
her grandmother used to prepare. “The memory of my grandmother’s cooking inspires me every day,” she shared.
Jenny’s cooking shows heartfelt respect for her roots, and her mission is to showcase the flavors of her culture.
Jenny longs to be a role model for chefs from diverse backgrounds. She recognizes the value of
representation and hopes her success can inspire other chefs in the UK. She notes that while the industry is slowly
becoming more inclusive, it’s crucial for employers, landlords, critics, and investors to expand their perspectives to
support a variety of cuisines.
Her fame is a testament (证明) to her talent and dedication, but it’s the personal connection to her dishes and
the memories of home-cooked meals that truly fuel her passion. Jenny’s story is a shining example of how one can
achieve their dreams while staying true to their cultural identity.
21．What is the character of Jenny’s restaurant
A．It serves traditional British cuisine.
B．It is famous for postpartum meals only.
C．It is managed by a social media influencer.
D．It features West African culinary traditions.
22．What was Jenny’s initial step to her career path
A．Being a biological sciences student.
B．Being a social media influencer.
C．Being a corporate executive.
D．Being a professional chef.
23．What can we infer about Jenny
A．She prioritizes commercial success over culture.
B．She aims to westernize traditional Nigerian cuisine.
C．She uses her restaurant as a medium for scientific research.
D．She integrates her personal history with her professional knowledge.
24．What does Jenny desire to contribute to the culinary world
A．Celebrity status. B．Culinary revolution.
C．Diversity in cooking. D．Profits of her restaurant.
6. （23-24 高三·河北衡水·期末）
Growing up in suburbia, yard work was punishment. I’d take almost anything else. I didn’t like being outside,
and I especially didn’t like bugs or dirt.
When I left home at 17 with a backpack of belongings, I figured my gardening days were behind me. There
were no yards to work in—only concrete! The concrete jungle that awaited me seemed like a welcome escape from
the outdoor chores that had once felt like a sentence.
It wasn’t until my mid-20s that I, thinking it was the adult thing to do, brought home a small daisy (雏菊) in
a pot to put on my fire escape. Less than 24 hours later, a squirrel (松鼠) arrived and dragged it away, pot and all.
That’s New York for you! I took it as a sign and didn’t try any more plants in that apartment.
When I married, my wife and I bought a house in outer Brooklyn. There was enough room to have a garden
if we wanted one. We decided to see if we could grow anything, mostly for the novelty factor. Much to my surprise,
digging in the dirt felt like fun and totally not a chore! In the early mornings, I would bend down to inspect the soil
waiting for the plants to appear. Watering at dusk, I whispered to the baby plants, expecting them to keep growing.
The plants kept the neighborhood squirrels fed and provided a place for bumblebees to nap. I felt a rush of power
and excitement.
As the flowers and vegetables bloomed, I noticed something in me was growing as well. Since running away
from home as a teenager, I’ve always done my best to build a shelter for myself wherever I was living. I hung
pictures on the walls. I built new holiday traditions with friends. I painted the walls bright colors. But it always felt
like maybe that deep connection to a particular space was missing. In gardening, I finally found this new layer of
depth. I guess you could say I was putting down roots.
There is an inspiring, self-care practice in the time and energy it takes to plant, water, and wait and wait to
see if the magic happens. It’s the act of growing that I find the sweetest.
What are you growing
25．How does the author interpret his departure at 17
A．As a necessary step for growth. B．As a great relief.
C．As an escape from social expectations. D．As a bittersweet transition.
26．What can we learn about the author at his mid-20s
A．There was a shift in his perspective. B．He regarded a squirrel as a bad sign.
C．He began to miss the days before 17. D．A sense of responsibility grew in him.
27．What did the author harvest from gardening
A．A colorful life. B．Friends’ respect.
C．Creative ideas. D．A sense of belonging.
28．The question at the end is intended to stimulate the readers to consider _______.
A．their own sources of growth B．the importance of gardening
C．the output of the growing plants D．their favorite flowers and vegetables
题型三 新闻报道的考查
1.（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·模拟预测）Giant panda Fu Bao arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International
Airport in Sichuan province on Wednesday, returning from South Korea.
Accompanied by veterinarians (兽医) and caregivers from the China Conservation and Research Center for
the Giant Panda and Everland Park of South Korea, Fu Bao headed to the isolation and quarantine area.
In preparation for Fu Bao’s return, the giant panda center has set up a quarantine facility at the Wolong
Shenshuping Base. During the isolation and quarantine period (在隔离检疫期间), a team of experts will help it
adapt to its new living environment.
Thousands of panda lovers gathered at Everland, the country’s largest theme park in Yongin, about 40 km
south of the capital Seoul, to say goodbye to the country’s top panda celebrity.
According to the agreement on giant panda protection and research cooperation, overseas-born giant panda
cubs are to return to China between the ages of 2 and 4. Fu Bao’s return was scheduled for this year. According to
Everland Park, over 1,000 visitors came daily to bid farewell to her before the scheduled departure.
1．Where did giant panda Fu Bao return from
A．Japan B．South Korea C．Russia D．America
2．During the isolation and quarantine period, who will help Fu Bao adapt to its new living environment
A．A team of experts B．Veterinarians C．Panda lovers D．Visitors
3．According to the agreement on giant panda protection and research cooperation, at what age overseas-born giant
panda cubs are to return to China
A．between 1-3 B．between 2-5 C．between 3-6 D．between 2-4
2.（2024·宁夏银川·一模）A bird thought to be extinct for about 140 years has been rediscovered in the
forests of Papua New Guinea.
The black-naped pheasant-pigeon was documented by scientists for the first and last time in 1882.
Rediscovering the bird required an expedition team to spend a month on Fergusson, an island off eastern Papua
New Guinea. The team consisted of local staff at the Papua New Guinea National Museum as well as international
scientists. Fergusson Island is covered in mountainous terrain ( 地形 ) which makes the expedition especially
challenging for the scientists.
Just two days before the team was scheduled to leave the island, a camera trap captured footage of the rare
bird. “After a month of searching, seeing those photos of the pheasant-pigeon felt like finding a unicorn (独角兽),”
said John C． Mittermeier, co-leader of the expedition team.
Insight from local residents was crucial for the scientists to track down the bird. “It wasn’t until we reached
villages on the western slope of Mt. Kilkerran that we started meeting hunters who had seen and heard the
pheasant-pigeon,” said Jason Gregg, another co-leader of the expedition team.” We became more confident about
the local name of the bird, which is ‘Auwo’, and felt like we were getting closer to the core habitat of where the
bird lives.”
The scientists placed a total of 12 camera traps on the slopes of Mt. Kilkerran, which is Fergusson’s highest
mountain. And they placed another 8 cameras in locations where local hunters reported seeing the bird in the past.
A hunter named Augustin Gregory, based in the mountain village Duda Ununa, told the team that he had
seen the bird in an area with “steep ridges and valleys”. So the team placed a camera on a 3,200-foothigh ridge near
the Kwama River above Duda Ununa. Finally, it was this camera that captured footage of the bird walking on the
forest floor.
The rediscovery was a shock for the scientists and local residents. “They were very excited when they saw
the survey results, because many of them hadn’t seen or heard of the bird until we began our project and got the
camera trap photos. They are now looking forward to working with us to protect the bird,” said Jason Gregg. “But
first we will work together to identify the population of the bird.”
And the rediscovery might provide hope that other bird species thought to be extinct are still out there
somewhere.
4．What can we infer about Fergusson from paragraph 2
A．It is known for its biological diversity.
B．It is the largest island of Papua New Guinea.
C．It is where the bird was originally documented.
D．It is the site of the Papua New Guinea National Museum.
5．What did John C． Mittermeier show in his words in paragraph 3
A．His despair of rediscovering the bird.
B．The unique value of studying the bird.
C．The difficulty in photographing the bird.
D．His excitement of rediscovering the bird.
6．Why is Augustin Gregory particularly mentioned in the text
A．He acted as the team’s tour guide.
B．He was quite familiar with the bird.
C．He provided the team with a key clue.
D．He told the team the bird’s local name.
7．What may the team plan to do next
A．Look for other rare bird species.
B．Figure out the number of the bird.
C．Improve locals’ protection awareness.
D．Work with local hunters to catch the bird.
3.（2024·河北·模拟预测）Standing on the South Pole at the start of the year with the wind blowing across
the Antarctic, travel blogger Johnny Ward felt a wave of relief.
Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to climb to the top of the
Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. Years before, in 2017, he’d become the first Irish person to visit every
country in the world.
Now, after decades of traveling and mountaineering, Ward could claim another world first — the Ultimate
Explorer’s Grand Slam (大满贯), which involves reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both
the North and South Poles in addition to visiting every country.
“I feel relieved,” Ward recalled as he slowly made his way back to his home in Thailand after climbing to
the top of the Vinson Massif and then setting foot on the South Pole. “But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a
world-class athlete, so I guess it was more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I met
with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one.”
Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life, between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the
world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车 ) a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in
Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat.
“It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I finished that I was aimless and had
no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much, putting on weight and I ignored my
business.”
Ward decided that the best way to overcome this was to challenge himself again. He began running
ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon found that with extreme purpose and direction, he
was back to loving life again.
So where will Ward go next Space The bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest point of the ocean “All
good things come after suffering, and I want to share that with people. So that’s the next plan,” he said.
8．What did Johnny Ward achieve in early January 2024
A．He climbed to the highest peak in Antarctica.
B．He set a new record for traveling in Antarctica.
C．He became the first person to visit the South Pole.
D．He became the first Irish person to visit every country.
9．What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The ability to bounce back from difficulties. B．The quality of being strong and honest.
C．The skill of achieving goals quickly. D．The power to control one’ s emotions.
10．How did Johnny Ward feel after achieving his life goal in 2017
A．Relaxed. B．Satisfied. C．Lost. D．Excited.
11．Which of the following can best describe Johnny Ward
A．Helpful and motivated. B．Athletic and generous.
C．Proud and self-centered. D．Determined and strong-willed.
4.（2024·安徽合肥·三模）As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their
teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting
less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills.
The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to experts’ doubt on the country’s
over-digitalized approach to education, which has even introduced tablets into kindergartens. They are worried that
it has already led to a decline in basic skills.
The rapid adoption of digital learning tools has also drawn concern from a United Nations’ education agency.
In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education.
The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools, but at the same time warns that technology
in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person, teacher-led instruction and supports the
shared objective of quality education for all.
However, online instruction is a hotly debated subject across Europe and other parts of the West. Germany
has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online, including education. Many students can
complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction, such as coding. Most parents worry their
children may not be able to compete in the job market with technologically better-trained young people from other
countries. “If we don’t manage to make education digital, then we will no longer be a competitive country in 20
years,” said Sascha Lobo, one of the parents interviewed last year.
However, not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students.
“Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education,” said Catarina Branelius, a third
grade teacher in the Swedish capital, Stockholm. “I use tablets in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text.
Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting… before you introduce them to write on
a tablet.”
12．What did Sweden stress before this new school year
A．Printed books. B．Handwriting practice.
C．Quiet reading time. D．Independent online research.
13．Which can best describe the approach suggested by the United Nations’ agency
A．Textbook-centered. B．Balanced.
C．Over-digitalized. D．Traditional.
14．What can be known from paragraph 4
A．Students in Germany do not heavily rely on computers. B．The German government is pushing for online
instruction.
C．German parents are happy with their children’s education. D．Teachers in Germany are ready to make
education digital.
15．What is Catarina Branelius’s attitude to the new policy
A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
5（. 2024·河北保定·二模）Since the African Union first launched Great Green Wall in 2007, the initiative has
struggled to make headway. Made up of local efforts across 11 countries, it has reached just 16% of its overall goal.
But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30 billion, got a major boost: a total of $14
billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international development banks and governments.
Environmental restoration and community development specialists welcomed the news. But many are also
apprehensive. In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that many forestry projects in
Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and ecological issues.
The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did little to help the young
trees survive. “Tree planting is often viewed as the simple act of digging a hole,” forest scientist Karen Holl said.
“But this short-term view has resulted in large quantities of money being spent on efforts that have failed almost
entirely.”
In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), is credited
with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel. The low-cost restoration technique took off in Niger in the 1980s
and has since spread to other nations. It relies on farmers to protect and nurture trees that grow from existing root
systems and seeds in the soil. Over decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such
as higher soil carbon content, researchers have found.
But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees
can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in discussions about which species to
plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water, fertilizer, and protection from grazing
animals that trees need. “The farmers are often busy and have their own priorities; they will not manage trees that
they do not value,” forest specialist Abayneh Derero wrote in a study.
16．What is the good news for Great Green Wall
A．It will get more funds. B．It will be completed soon.
C．More countries will build it. D．More scientists will study it.
17．What should the forestry project leaders do to get success
A．Address their own issues properly.
B．Help young African people survive.
C．Act according to the local conditions.
D．Learn how to dig holes and plant trees.
18．Why is FMNR mentioned in the text
A．To analyse a different reason B．To offer a practicable solution.
C．To present a social background. D．To explain a similar phenomenon.
19．What does the last paragraph stress about the forestry project
A．It’s vital to protect trees from animals.
B．The farmers have their own priorities.
C．The residents’ abilities need developing.
D．Local people’s involvement is important.
题型 阅读理解
A
（ 2024·上海杨浦 ·二模）A forest in Staffordshire (in the UK) transformed into a hi-tech laboratory.
Researchers here are investigating how the trees use carbon, and it’s difficult to find out. In an unusual experiment,
extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the
century. And instruments measure how the forest reacts.
The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that governments and companies are
rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees to tidy up the mess that we’re
making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle to
adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.
This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the gas is not only absorbed by the
trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way carbon flows into a forest and out
of it is a lot more complicated than you might think. So, if mass tree planting is meant to be a solution to tackling
climate change, the trees are going to have to be monitored and cared for, over not just decades, but may be
centuries as well.
Of all the challenges, the task of planting is the simplest. Shelby Barber from Canada can do an amazing
4,000 trees in a day. “People talking about planting millions billions of trees around the world. Is it possible do you
think, physically ” asked BBC．
“It’s definitely possible with the right amount of people, the right group of people. I’ve personally, in three
years, planted just over half a million trees.” said Professor Rob MacKenzie.
Once planted, the trees need to survive, and experts are mixing different types to minimize the risk of disease.
“It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket, you’re spreading out your risk. And then if
one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or it can’t tolerate future climatic conditions,
there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in those gaps.” said Eleanor Tew of Forestry
England.
Suddenly there’s momentum to plant trees on a scale never seen before. So what matters is doing it in a way
that ensures the forests thrive — so they really do help with climate change.
20．Why is extra carbon dioxide piped to the trees in the experiment
A．To predict the future atmospheric conditions.
B．To imitate the possible air condition in the future.
C．To create an instrument to measure atmospheric conditions.
D．To investigate the quality of air condition in the future.
21．The underlined word “some” in the second paragraph refers to __________.
A．oxygen B．carbon dioxide C．mess D．purified gas
22．What will Eleanor Tew suggest concerning the survival of the forest
A．Minimizing the area of the woodland.
B．Studying future climatic conditions.
C．Planting different types of trees.
D．Avoiding mixing different species.
23．Which statement concerning mass tree planting will Professor Rob Mackenzie mostly likely agree with
A．It should be advocated in terms of efficiency and convenience.
B．It is the most effective solution to fighting climate changes.
C．It will do more harm than good to the health of the environment.
D．It needs to be studied further as a measure against climate change.
B
（2024·上海浦东新·三模）My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In
November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇 ) out to watch the wildlife. We
were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes.
At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the
kayak would overturn among the whales. After some cajoling (劝说) she finally agreed to join me. The following
morning, we set out early and had our first whale sighting just past the pier: two humpbacks swimming toward us.
How amazing to be that close to a creature that size, I thought as the whales dipped under the waterline.
When whales go down after breaching, they leave what looks like an oil slick on the water. I figured if we
paddled toward that spot, we’d be safe from the whales, since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance — or
what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60
feet away.
Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our
kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into
the whale’s mouth. As the whale’s mouth closed, I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be
dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe.
Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That
included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a
foot apart. The entire ordeal lasted only about 10 seconds.
Other kayakers rushed to our aid, shocked to see us alive. But I am much more aware of the power of nature
and the ocean than I was before. Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says
her whale-watching days are over. But even she had to laugh when she got home that afternoon and realized she’d
brought back a souvenir. When she pulled off her shirt, six silverfish flopped out.
24．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．At first, Liz was hesitant to go on the kayaking trip because she was not interested in whale watching.
B．If Liz and I had maintained a distance of 300 feet from the whales, we might have avoided the subsequent
danger.
C．Liz and I slipped into the whale’s mouth because jumping silverfish overturned our kayak.
D．Liz is likely to go on another whale-watching trip someday because she found a precious souvenir from this
kayaking.
25．How did the narrator feel during the whale encounter
A．Terrified and panicked. B．Disoriented underwater
C．Calm and focused. D．Regretful about going kayaking.
26．The underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 5 probably means____.
A．a challenging or difficult experience B．a thrilling experience
C．a surprising encounter D．a joyful adventure
27．What would be the best title of this passage
A．How to Survive a Whale Attack B．Respecting the Power of Nature
C．A Day at San Luis Obispo Beach D．I Survived Being Swallowed By a Whale
1.（2024 新课标 II 卷）
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read Yes, we all have our
phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a
three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay
Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short
story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched
last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to
artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120
submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通 ) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short
stories save transit
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider
experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
24. Why did BART start the kiosk program
A. To promote the local culture.
B. To discourage phone use.
C. To meet passengers’ needs.
D. To reduce its running costs.
25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk
A. By popularity. B. By length.
C. By theme. D. By language.
26. What has Trost been doing recently
A. Organizing a story contest.B. Doing a survey of customers.
C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.
27. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future
A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.
C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.
2.（2023 浙江 1 月卷）
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public
debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa
Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents
and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such
wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond,
professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage
at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the
least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program
specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols
mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work
with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What
matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they
mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the
content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in
society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from
machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates
and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
3.（2023 新课标 II 卷）
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.
And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at
four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and
healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as
soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a
year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming
effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
4.（2023 浙江 1 月卷）
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more
sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to ju
