第 01 讲 细节理解题
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】名校 2024年细节理解题整合练
【题型二】最新省级联考细节理解题综合练
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 名校 2024 年细节理解题整合练
1. （2024·湖南·长郡中学）
Every morning on the island of Oahu, students at Pu’ hala Elementary gather on a field as towering
mountains watch them from the mist. Their day starts with songs in ‘ lelo Hawai’i, the islands’ native language,
restating values of respect and justice that their teachers hope will guide them through their education, and
throughout their lives.
Like most kids their age, they’re not concerned about the significance of the language they’re learning. Still,
they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of ‘ lelo Hawai’ i for future
generations.
It was only 50 years ago that the language was on the edge of extinction. Though the situation is much
improved, in many ways ‘ lelo Hawai’ i is still on life support. Teachers say there’s a huge enthusiasm for school
kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they’re encouraged to focus on “more useful” subjects and use
English, which are believed to assist them in achieving success in their work. In 2016, there were 18, 610 Hawaiian
speakers on the islands.
“One hundred thousand is the approximate number of speakers needed to consider the language safe, ” says
Solomon, professor of Hawaiian language at University of Hawai’i at Manoa. “The idea is that there are enough
people passing it on to the next generation, socializing their children to use the language in all domains of life, to
express all thoughts and needs and desires. ”
Fortunately, the kids of Pu’ hala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current
young adults defending the language, expanding access to ‘ lelo Hawai’i in part through TikTok and Instagram,
and making the language a practical skill in adulthood. These youth, along with those committed to recovering the
language from previous generations, share their hopes for the better.
1．What are the students at Pu’ hala Elementary expected to do
A．To figure out the value of life. B．To go out of the island of Oahu.
C．To pass their native language down. D．To draw people’s attention to folk songs.
2．What makes the students abandon ‘ lelo Hawai’i
A．Career development. B．The improved situation.
C．Lack of enthusiasm. D．Little educational support.
3．What is the current situation of ‘ lelo Hawai’i according to professor Solomon
A．It is used in all walks of life. B．It is considered a safe language.
C．It demands more speakers to be safe. D．It has one hundred thousand speakers.
2.（2024·湖南·长郡中学）
A professor at the University of South Florida recently published a paper she knew barely anyone would read.
At least, not outside her field. The paper had to do with the impact of algae (海藻) blooms and depletion (退化) of
coral reefs on the region’s tourism industry.
The work of completing the paper was glum, says Heather O’Leary. It involved tracking visitors’ reactions
to the environment on social media. “Part of the data for months was just reading posts: dead fish, dead fish, dead
fish,” she recalled. “We were really thinking every day about the Gulf of Mexico and the waters that surround us,
about those risks, and the risks to our coastal economy.”
O’Leary wanted people to pay attention to her paper and raise their environmental awareness. But she
couldn’t come up with any solutions. However, attending concerts at USF’s School of Music inspired and
gladdened her. She reached out to its director of bands, Matthew McCutchen. “I’m studying climate change and
what’s going down at the coral reefs,” he remembered her saying. “And I’ve got all this data from my paper and I’d
like to know if there’s any way that we can turn it into music. So people can know about my paper.”
Indeed there position professor Paul Reller worked with students to map pitch, rhythm and
duration to the data. It came alive, O’Leary said, in ways it simply couldn’t be done on a spreadsheet.
“My students were really excited to start thinking about how students from other majors, such as the music
students, heard patterns that they did not normally hear in some of the repetitions,” she said. In this case, she said,
the patterns revealed the economic impact of pollution on coastal Florida communities.
......
6．What favor did Heather ask Matthew to offer
A．Turn her algae data into music.
B．Find some music about coral reefs.
C．Teach her some musical terms.
D．Compose songs regarding climate change.
7．What do patterns in Paul’s music reflect
A．The different types of training.
B．The repetition of pitch and rhythm.
C．The threat of pollution on the costal economy.
D．The complex challenges of wicked problems.
8．What role did Heather think music plays
A．Providing solutions to the algae problem.
B．Exposing more wicked problems to the public.
C．Showing the economic growth in coastal cities.
D．Helping people experience the problems better.
3.（2024·湖南长沙一中·模拟预测）Organizations design courses to help you learn new skills or improve your
current skill set. Here’re the best course providers of 2024.
Codecademy
It provides information technology (IT) and other technical users with courses in coding and other software
engineering areas. You can choose from several subscription plans or choose a free option to explore the website’s
course collection.
Memrise
It’s a website and an application created to help you learn another language. It’s free to use and offers up to
23 languages to pursue. It aims to work on developing your long-term memory to support your learning journey
and make it more effective. Additionally, it provides video examples of individuals using the language’s terms and
phrases in everyday life.
Pluralsight
It’s a paid subscription site but offers a free trial, so you can try a few classes to determine if it fits your
needs. You can take a Skill IQ assessment to know your skill levels and help you determine a plan to improve your
abilities. It employs certified experts as the course instructors, which benefits you as a learner.
Alison
It’s a free learning platform offering classes, including fields such as personal development, health,
language, finance and science. It offers learners the flexibility of taking the courses anywhere and anytime, so users
can fit it into their schedule. And the platform is for individuals with various skill levels, from beginner to expert.
Additionally, the site has two types of courses, allowing you to choose between earning a certificate or getting a
diploma.
9．Which is most likely to be the course provided on Codecademy
A．Computer Science. B．Drawing for Beginners.
C．Advanced Parenting Skills. D．Civil Engineering.
10．Which website invites specialists to assist the learners
A．Codecademy. B．Pluralsight. C．Alison. D．Memrise.
11．What is special about Alison’s courses
A．They are designed for adults. B．They require learners to pay.
C．They offer no certificates. D．They are self-paced.
4.（2024·江苏扬州中学·模拟）Irish Writers Centre Novel Fair 2024
The Novel Fair is an annual competition initiated by the Irish Writers Centre (IWC). Described by The Irish
Times as “A Dragons’ Cave for writers”, each year the Fair aims to introduce up-and-coming writers to top
publishers and literary agents.
The Prize
The twelve winners will have the opportunity to present the summary of their novel directly to industry
professionals. Leading publishers and agents will be invited by the IWC to meet these writers in person or through
a series of online meetings. To get fully prepared for the meeting with publishers and agents, the winners will
receive a place in a workshop on “How to Promote Your Novel”, two weeks in advance. Also, applicants who are
longlisted (初选) but do not make it to the shortlist of twelve will have their works evaluated and criticized by the
judging panel.
How to Enter
Entry fee for application is 55 (Members of IWC can enter for a discounted fee of 45). This competition
only accepts manuscripts (原稿) for novels. Applicants are required to send a summary within 300 words and up to
five chapters of their novel, which should be 10,000 words (+/-10％ ). Manuscripts should be submitted online.
There is a limit of one entry per applicant.
Entries are welcome from anywhere in the world. Before entering the competition, please ensure that you
have read the Novel Fair Terms & Conditions 2024 very carefully as the Fair is open to only novelists who
have never published work previously. If you have any questions about the application process, please email
novelfair@irishwriterscentre.ie.
16．What’s the purpose of the Fair
A．To advertise local stories.
B．To encourage literary reading.
C．To serve as a platform for writers.
D．To arouse enthusiasm for writing.
18．Which of the following meets the requirement of the Fair
A．A summary of 200 words.
B．A novel published in 2023.
C．A paper manuscript by post.
D．A submission of seven chapters.
5.（2024·江苏盐城中学·模拟预测）When looking for some vacation ideas to spread out and get some time
and space to yourself, check out these great resorts (度假胜地) options.
Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana
Located in Punta Cana, this family-friendly vacation at an all-inclusive resort offers something for everyone
in your party. Parents can enjoy relaxing by one of the resort’s swim-up bars in an infinity pool or head out for
some deep-sea fishing. Kids, meanwhile, can head over to the kids’ club for a number of activities. Plus, all of the
drinks and food across the 14 restaurants and bars is included.
Beaches Turks & Caicos
This resort has become the Caribbean’s popular go-to when it comes to all-inclusive family vacations that
provide great value since there’s so much to do for guests of all ages. There’s a 45,000-square-foot water park, 24
restaurants, unlimited PADI-certified scuba diving and water sports, a 12-mile beach, a spa, 10 pools—whew!
The Alisal Guest Ranch
......
31．Which attracts those interested in horseback-riding
A．Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana. B．Beaches Turks & Caicos.
C．Montage Palmetto Bluff. D．The Alisal Guest Ranch.
32．What do the four attractions share
A．They promise good food services. B．They include various kids’ clubs.
C．They provide parent-child activities. D．They have large historic buildings.
6.（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Diana was out shopping in a busy department store after work one evening. Just five
minutes before closing time, she heard a staff member saying, “someone is having a seizure (癫痫 )”: Walking
quickly towards the staff member, Diana saw a fellow shopper on the ground. She had fallen and was lying on the
floor, jerking uncontrollably. A small group of people had gathered to help the woman and a staff member called an
ambulance. Dian a knew that she could use what she had learned on her first aid course to help as well.
Knowing it was important to keep the woman safe, one of the employees brought over a staff jacket and they
put it under the woman’s head so she wouldn’t injure herself. “The seizure probably lasted only a few minutes, but
it seemed much longer while it was going on,” Diana said. “When the jerking stopped, a man helped turn the
woman on to her side. I then tilted her head back to help her keep breathing. After the seizure, the woman seemed
not to be able to understand what we were saying and couldn’t speak. Luckily, I had learned that this can happen
after a seizure and it may take some time for people to get back to normal.”
“It was such a comfort when she very tentatively answered that she was OK. By this time, the ambulance
was on its way, the store had closed for the night and the other shoppers who had helped at first had left.” “We all
a-greed that the woman was in safe hands with the first aider and a nurse who had also stopped to help, so I started
to make my way out of the store.”
“As I was leaving, one of the store’s employees said, ‘thank you for your kindness’”. “I was very touched by
her words, and I told her that I’d learned first aid in case something like this ever happened, and now it had. Even
though the incident left me feeling very shaken, I was glad I knew what to do to help.”
38．What did Diana do to help the woman suffering from a seizure
A．She called an ambulance for her. B．She helped turn the woman to one side.
C．She brought over a staff jacket to keep her warm. D．She made sure the woman could breathe easily.
39．How did Diana feel after the incident
A．Grateful. B．Relieved. C．Anxious. D．Regretful.
40．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Diana stayed to help when the ambulance arrived.
B．The woman could not answer their questions because of pain.
C．It was essential to learn some knowledge of first aid.
D．The employee was too frightened to offer a helping hand.
7（. 2024·湖北襄阳四中·模拟）With such a strong artistic heritage, it’s no surprise that England knocks it out of the
park when it comes to world-class art galleries. These are the galleries you need to add to your must-visit list.
Royal Academy of Arts (RA), London
Not your standard gallery, the Royal Academy of Arts is led by artists to promote not just the appreciation of
art, but its practice. It is world-famous for hosting some exhibitions that get everyone talking. Besides, what sets the
RA apart is its engagement with the public through participatory experiences, allowing visitors to not only view art
but become part of it in innovative ways.
Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Norwich
Sitting on the edge of the University of East Anglia’s campus, the Sainsbury Centre holds a collection of
remarkable works of art spanning over 2,000 years. Inside the seminal Norman Foster building, you’ll find
artworks from around the world, including some stunning pieces of European modern art by Degas, Francis Bacon,
and Alberto Giacometti.
Yorkshire Sculpture Park, West Yorkshire
Tearing up the rulebook when it comes to how we traditionally view art, the Yorkshire Sculpture Park strives
to break down barriers by showing works from British and international artists in the open air. Set in hundreds of
acres of West Yorkshire parkland, you’ll see sculptures by some of the leading artists of the 20th century.
Whitworth, Manchester
After a sky-high 15 million development, the Whitworth is becoming one of the premier galleries in the
north of England. Making full use of its picturesque park setting, the gallery has a beautiful art garden and a
sculpture terrace (露台 ), all waiting to be explored. Inside the gallery, you can view an exciting programme of
ever-changing exhibitions.
46．What is special about the Royal Academy of Arts
A．It offers interactive experiences.
B．It displays works by senior artists.
C．It occupies a vast space in the museum.
D．It stages exhibitions in a traditional way.
47．What do Yorkshire Sculpture Park and Whitworth have in common
A．They are small in scale. B．They offer outdoor settings.
C．They feature long-standing works. D．They host exhibitions on an annual basis.
题型二 最新省级联考细节理解题综合练
1. （2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
Orange chicken, sweet and sour pork, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style of Chinese
dishes that disappoint him. For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China,
those cuisines are far from authentic, but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western preferences.
What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed (扭曲). Quite a few
Westerners recognize that particular type of fa re as the whole of Chinese cuisine.
“They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine, about how it varies because people forget
how big China is. It is a country that has deserts from one side, jungles and sea from the other side. Each area has
its unique style of cooking.” he says.
Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making
Chinese dishes at home. “Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture.” he says.
......
56．When did Max Burns return to Brighton, England according to the text
A．Aged 13. B．Aged 14. C．Aged 16. D．Aged 21.
57．How does Max Burns change people’s wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines
A．Treat them to Chinese dishes. B．Write reports on Chinese cuisines.
C．Cook Chinese dishes for them in person.D．Display authentic Chinese cuisines on.
2. （2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
In Georgia students will be required to build “background knowledge” by reciting all or part of significant
poems and speeches. The Arkanses plan calls for students to recite a passage from a well-known poem, play or
speech. That’s it: an old-fashioned demand that students memorize the Gettysburg Address or Hamlet’s “To be or
not to be” or Gwendolyn Brooks’s We Real Cool and recite it to an audience.
Most parents would probably call this a worthy exercise once abandoned for long, gathering the courage to
speak in public and firing the adolescent imagination. Who could object to store memorable words in teenage heads
otherwise packed with short videos
English teachers, that’s who. Modern educators view memorization as empty repetition, mechanical and
prescriptive (规定的 ) rather than creative or thoughtful. Reciting texts from memory, they say, merely drops
information into students’ minds. It’s repetitive learning instead of critical analysis.
......
60．Why are educators against storing memorable words in teenage heads
A．Memorization is nothing but thoughtful learning.
B．Memorization is anything but repetitive learning.
C．Memorization does injure teenagers’ heads.
D．Memorization does no good to critical analysis.
3.（2024·河南、山西大联考）Heights Library (HL) is here to help by connecting you to companies, organizations,
and other media that offer access to free, quality content.
Art for Kids Hub
It provides hundreds of videos that teach kids (and their adults) how to draw, fold, paint, and sculpt to their
heart’s content. Learn how to draw your favorite Disney or Fortnite characters, fold a shirt card for Father’s Day.
Projects require only a few art supplies.
For: Grades PreK-8
Where: Visit their website
Babbel
It’s a popular language learning app. Babbel courses are designed by language experts and are available in
13 different languages. Short lessons with interactive dialogue, practical phrases and vocabulary allow students to
put themselves deeply in a new language.
For: K-College students
Where: Register an account at Babbel and access on mobile or desktop devices
BrainPOP
It’s an educational website that creates digital content for K-8 students. Lessons begin with a short, animated
video and are accompanied by interactive quizzes, extension activities, and games. Videos feature a relatable and
engaging cast, including a beloved orange robot named Moby. There’re Spanish and French versions, as well as an
option for English language learners.
For: Grades K-8
Where: BrainPOP is offering free access to families
Ten to Explore
The Metroparks make it easy to get out of the house with the fun challenge Ten to Explore presented by
Wayside Furniture. Each month ten parks or activities are highlighted to encourage people to choose outside
exploration. Tag any photos on social media with #Ten to Explore# for a chance to win a special prize pack.
For: All ages
Where: Check their website for updates on reservation
69．Which will you choose if you want to experience nature in person
A．Art for Kids Hub. B．Babbel. C．Ten to Explore. D．BrainPOP.
70．What do the resources have in common
A．They are digital. B．They are designed by HL.
C．They are free only for kids. D．They are favored by language learners.
4.（2024·河南、山西大联考）
Can happiness be obtained — by learning about it in school The University of Bristol’s Science of
Happiness course, which launched in 2018, is helping answer that question. Not your typical college class, the
innovative course features absolutely no tests or work. Instead it focuses on teaching students what the latest studies
in psychology suggest really makes people happy. Now, the research team behind that class has released a new
study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.
Thanks to their course, researchers had already established that teaching students about the latest scientific
studies focusing on happiness results in a notable improvement in well-being. During this latest project, they took
things a step further. Their work shows that increases in well-being among students are ultimately short-lived —
unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.
“It’s like going to the gym — we can’t expect to do one class and be fit forever. Just as with physical health,
we have to continuously work on our mental health, otherwise the improvements are temporary,” explains senior
study author Professor Bruce Hood. Students who took the happiness course reported a 10 to 15 percent
improvement in well-being. However, only those who continued practicing what they learned during the course
reported sustained improved well-being upon being surveyed again two years later. This project is the first ever to
track the well-being of students who had taken a happiness course long after the class ended.
“To gain more information about happiness, we’ll continue studying. What we teach is related to positive
psychology interventions (干预) that take your attention away from yourself, by helping others, being with friends,
or thankfulness,” Prof. Hood said. “This is the opposite of the current principle, but countless studies have shown
that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from negative thinking.”
Prof. Hood recently turned the course into a new book, released earlier this month. The Science of
Happiness: Seven Lessons for Living Well details an evidence-informed roadmap to better well-being.
75．What do we know about Science of Happiness course
A．It’s an analysis of students’ exams. B．It’s a research platform for the team.
C．It’s the team’s theoretical foundation. D．It’s the collection of research processes.
77．Which of the following belongs to the current principle
A．Talking to strangers. B．Giving gifts to others.
C．Spending money on oneself. D．Walking in nature with friends.
5. （2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）
If something’s standing in your way to greatness, these top books on motivation can help you overcome
roadblocks so you can realize your dreams. Here’s a look at some of the best books on motivation.
Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff ... and It’s All Small Stuff by Richard Carlson
Learn how to turn problems into opportunities and stay calm in stressful situations with this handy guide
focused on helping readers find happiness and peace of mind. Discover how to master your thoughts and fully live
in the moment to appreciate what you have and get the most out of life.
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People by Stephen R. Covey
Highlighting the habits that distinguish those people who deal particularly well with the world from
everyone else, this popular motivation book explains how you can become a better person by adopting the attitude
of the highly effective and aligning (使……一致) your life with universal principles.
How to Win Friends &Influence People by Dale Carnegie
A favorite presenting basic rules for how to make a good first impression and effortlessly win people over,
this bestselling motivational book offers timeless advice backed by engaging anecdotes (轶事). Carnegie explains
the easy techniques to help anyone become more popular and persuasive, and he shares simple guidelines to
instantly make yourself more likable.
Smarter Faster Better by Charles Duhigg
Being productive isn’t just about managing your to-do list; it’s also about making the right choices and
maintaining the proper mindset. Staying motivated means sticking to your goals even when the world throws a
challenge of bother at you. And by adopting a few easy methods to stay on track, nothing will stand between you
and your dreams.
83．If you want to be popular, which book may you read
A．Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff... and It’s All Small Stuff.
B．The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.
C．How to Win Friends & Influence People.
D．Smarter Faster Better.
84．Who intends to help readers relieve worries in life
A．Richard Carlson. B．Stephen R. Covey.
C．Dale Carnegie. D．Charles Duhigg.
85．How is Smarter Faster Better different from the other books
A．It motivates you to achieve your dreams. B．It emphasizes the importance of willpower.
C．It teaches you how to keep a peaceful mind. D．It tells about specific basic rules for success.
6. （2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）
......
It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card
period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest
might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions.
......
95．Which probably belongs to a mental framework
A．Recognizing a pair of twins. B．Lecturing at an opening ceremony.
C．Learning English by watching a film. D．Planning a tour route in a strange city.
7. （2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）
Hollywood’s stars born after 2000
Meet the young stars in Hollywood taking charge of their careers like no generation prior to them.
Millie Bobby Broun
The English teen rose to fame for her role as Eleven in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger
Things, for which she earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination (提名) for Outstanding Supporting Actress in
a Drama Series at age 13. She also received several awards for the role.
Iain Armitage
Iain Armitage was seen as a troubled Ziggy Chapman in hit series Big Little Lies, and then entered The Big
Bang Theory universe as the lead character in its prequel (前传) Young Sheldon. “I kind of stumbled into acting. I
didn’t think, ‘I want to be an actor when I grow up.’ I do theatre reviews and I always thought I was just a great
audience member. I loved coming to shows. I don’t watch too much TV, which is ironic.”
Mackengie Foy
After modeling from age 3, Foy started acting at 9, playing an extraordinary part in The Twilight Saga as the
daughter of Robert Pattinson and Kristin Stewart’s characters. She went on to play Matthew McConaughey’s
daughter in Christopher Nolan’s 2014 space epic Interstellar and soon after became Disney’s pick to lead its live -
action The Nutcracker and the Four Realms.
Mckenna Grace
After five years on the job, Grace has a résumé that reads like a Hollywood veteran’s, with nearly 50 credits
in TV (Once Upon a Time, Designated Survivor) and film, where she starred in Gifted opposite Chris Evans,
portrayed a young Margot Robbie in I, Tonya and played a junior version of Brie Larson in Captain Marvel.
98．Which one best suits people who enjoy science fiction
A．Big Little Lies. B．The Twilight Saga.
C．Stranger Things. D．I, Tonya.
99．What can be known about Iain Armitage
A．He always dreamed of being an actor.
B．It was a coincidence for him to stumble into acting.
C．He was the lead character in Designated Survivor.
D．It was normal for him to take up the acting career.
100．What is special about Mackengie Foy
A．She has ever been a model.
B．She has played roles in nearly 50 credits.
C．She earned a Primetime Emmy Award for Interstellar.
D．She was picked to lead a live-action in Captain Marvel.
8.（2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）The development of bigger brains has long been considered a
characteristic of our species’ increased intelligence and subsequent dominance (主宰) on this planet. The last two
million years of our evolution were marked by a nearly fourfold (四倍的) increase in brain volume. But a growing
body of evidence suggests our brains recently changed in an unexpected way: They diminished in size sometime
following the end of the last Ice Age.
The precise timing of that post-Ice Age brain shrink has remained a mystery until now. A group of
researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture of fossil and modern sample data to confirm that this loss of gray matter
happened between 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, according to research published in June in the journal Frontiers in
Ecology and Evolution. DeSilva’s group calculated that human brains had remained roughly the same size in
average volume, about 1,450 cubic centimeters, for roughly the past 150,000 years. That average rapidly dropped
by around 10%, or up to 150 cubic centimeters, over the course of the last few millennia.
DeSilva’s group found that not only did the human brain size shrink in general, but also it decreased relative
to our body size, suggesting that brain size reduction isn’t just a byproduct of our shrinking bodies.
Many anthropologists had explained the changes coincided with the appearance of agricultural practices
around 10,000 years ago, and a global shift away from hunting and gathering. DeSilva’s group point to booming
eras for ancient civilizations in North Africa, the Middle East and South America — complex societies that they
think may have played a role in the shrinkage.
The researchers suggested that perhaps our need to maintain a large brain to keep track of information about
food, social relationships, and our environment has also relaxed in the past few millennia because we could store
information externally in other members of our social circles and groups. That trend is likely strengthened by our
use of books, personal devices and the Internet.
“Like, computers used to be the size of a room, and now they fit in your pocket, so it is important not to
relate brain size to smarts.” DeSilva said.
105．What can be known about the human brain size
A．Our brain volume has been keeping increasing.
B．The size of human brain has dropped to 150 cubic centimeters.
C．Until now, the accurate timing of brain shrink is no longer mysterious.
D．Fossils and sample data are used to figure out the exact brain shrink period.
106．Which is not the reason for brain shrinkage
A．Appearance of agriculture. B．Decreased body size.
C．Developed human society. D．Improved brain mechanism.
107．What is DeSilva and his group’s view on the reduction of human brain size
A．A smaller human brain is less smarter.
B．The reduction of human brain size is just a coincidence.
C．It is a result of brain’s adjustment to social development.
D．The shrinkage of human brain relaxed us the need to store information.
Passage 1（2024 年上海复兴中学高三模拟）
During a judging period for a recent short story contest, I started thinking a lot about dialogue tags. Because in
many submissions characters didn’t “say” a thing. They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters
screamed while others murmured. But no one “said” anything. And I started wondering why.
Why do we tell beginner writers to avoid creative dialogue tags in the first place Why do we insist that
characters should stick to “said,” “asked,” and the occasional “sighed ” And, if the advice is so oft-repeated, why
are writers still unable to resist the siren call of weep, scream, snap, or laugh
The more I thought about it, the more I understood the temptation. We’re always encouraged to use strong,
actionable verbs in our prose. Why walk when you can skip or wander Why cry when you can sob on weep Why
wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs instead of mild-boring dull-blah said Why couldn’t each verb be a tiny
sparkling gem in its own right
The problem, I think, is that every jewel needs a setting to become something more than the sum of its parts.
Without something to provide structure, a collection of the world’s most glorious diamonds would still only amount
to a heap of rocks.
And a dialogue tag should never, ever be the diamond in any given sentence.
Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so bright, so
sparkling, so lifelike, so wonderfully realistic that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t
need to be told a character is shouting - we can sense it in the way they spit out words, clench fists, or storm from
the room.
A dialogue tag is a mere signpost along the narrative journey, gently indicating who said what. It’s part of a
story’s experience, but it’s not part of the story itself, nor should it be treated as such. Dialogue tags are similar to
lighting in a Broadway play: without it, the audience would have no idea what was going on, but it usually strives
to shine without calling too much attention to itself.
What’s more, readers may not initially imagine a particular line being “sobbed.” When we reach the end of a
sentence and find out our leading lady has actually sobbed instead of whispered, it pulls us right out of the story.
We pause. We reread the line. We adjust our understanding and begin again. But that wonderful momentum when
we’re fully immersed in the scene, holding our breath to find out what our heroine says next, is lost.
Creating a successful work of fiction is about giving the reader all the materials they need to build your
fictional world in their mind and not a scrap more. Readers need believable dialogue. They need voices so
compelling that they pop right off the page and into our ears. And if you’ve created dynamic characters who speak
words we can really hear you will never need to tell us how something was said.
Senior Editor
1．According to the Senior Editor, the beginner writers are tempted to __________.
A．replace a dull “said” with exciting verbs
B．omit what the character said in a dialogue
C．resist the warning against strong emotions
D．overuse the word “said” in their submissions
2．The Senior Editor compares dialogue tags to __________.
A．glorious diamonds B．heaps of rocks
C．tiny, sparkling gems D．Broadway play lighting
Passage 2（2024 年上海建平中学高三模拟）
The train was at a standstill, some twenty minutes outside Kolkata, when an unexpected stroke of luck
presented Piya with an opportunity to go for a seat beside a window for some fresh air. She had been sitting in the
stuffiest part of the train compartment, on the edge of a bench: now, moving to the open window, she saw that the
train had stopped at a station called Champahati.
Looking over her shoulder, Piya spotted a tea-seller on the platform. Reaching through the bars of the
window, she called him with a wave. She had never cared for the kind of chai, Indian tea, sold in Seattle, her
hometown in the USA, but somehow, in the ten days she had spent in India she had developed an unexpected taste
for milky, overboiled tea served in earthenware cups. There were no spices in it for one thing, and this was more to
her taste than the chai at home.
She paid for her tea and was trying to get in the cup through the bars when the man in the seat opposite her
own suddenly turned over a page, jolting her hand. She turned her wrist quickly enough to make sure that most of
the tea spilled out of the window, but she could not prevent some from spilling over his papers.
“Oh, I’m so sorry!” Piya was very embarrassed: of everyone in the compartment, this was the last person she
would have chosen to injure with her tea. She had noticed him while waiting on the platform in Kolkata and she
had been struck by the self-satisfied tilt of his head and the way in which he stared at everyone around him, taking
them in, sizing them up, sorting them all into their places.
“Here,” said Piya, producing a handful of tissues. “Let me help you clean up.”
“There’s nothing to be done,” he said testily (暴躁地). “These pages are ruined anyway.”
For a moment she considered pointing out that it was he who had knocked her hand. But all she could bring
herself to say was, “I’m very sorry. I hope you’ll excuse me.”
“Do I really have a choice ” he said. “Does anyone have a choice when they’re dealing with Americans
these days ”
Piya had no wish to get into an argument so she let this pass. Instead, she opened her eyes wide and, in an
attempt to restore peace, came out with, “But how did you guess ”
“About what ”
“About my being American You’re very observant.”
This seemed to do the trick. His shoulders relaxed as he leaned back in his seat. “I didn’t guess,” he said. “I
knew.”
8．In the first paragraph, Piya was relieved when she got a window seat because it meant that_________.
A．there was more room for her luggage
B．she no longer had to suffer from a lack of air
C．there was less chance that she would miss her stop
D．she didn’t have to stand for the rest of the train journey
9．Piya found that the tea or chai she had drunk in India ________.
A．was disappointingly weak in taste B．reminded her of her home in Seattle
C．would have tasted better if served fresh D．was preferable to the chai she had had before
10．When Piya first saw the man she thought that ________.
A．he was someone who was observant of surroundings
B．he seemed to think he was better than other people
C．he had tried to keep his distance from his fellow passengers
D．he had been looking for someone he knew on the station platform
1.（2024 年新高考 I 卷阅读理解 C 篇）...
Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these
technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have
demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view
identical pieces.
....
30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers
A. They can hold students' attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare.
C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text.
2.（2024 年新高考 I 卷阅读理解 C 篇）
...
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have
collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other
digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new
Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a
mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the
Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes
from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species
are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested
how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like
the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,”
said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage.
Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the
people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their
encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or
eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled
areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of
observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their
uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
3.（2024 年新高考 II 卷阅读理解 A 篇）
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker
to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are
sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This
mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future
walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of
Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with
suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused
permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.
Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
1. Which walk takes the shortest time
A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do
A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club.
C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide.
3. What do the four walks have in common
A. They involve difficult climbing. B. They are for experienced walkers.
C. They share the same start point. D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
4.（2024 年新高考 II 卷阅读理解 B 篇）
......
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to
artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120
submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short
stories save transit
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider
experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
6. What has Trost been doing recently
A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers.
C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.
7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future
A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.
C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.
5.（2023 年全国乙卷 A 篇）
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in
Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She
moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
6.（2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解 C 篇）
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声
音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are
special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans
using meows and you're able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find
food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts
as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess
their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place
to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.
Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.
That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't
usually like.
......
4. What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph
A. It's a survival skill. B. It's taught by mother cats.
C. It's hard to interpret. D. It's getting louder with age.
5. How does a pet cat assess different situations
A. By listening for sounds. B. By touching familiar objects.
C. By checking on smells. D. By communicating with other cats.
7.（2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解 D 篇）
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I
was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George
Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond
whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters
and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally
positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the
ending they got did make the most sense for them.
......
12. Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie
A. To discuss a novel. B. To submit a book report.
C. To argue for a writer. D. To ask for a reading list.
8.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷 A 篇）
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programmes throughout the park, and throughout the
year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programmes this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from
the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy
your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long
as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Centre.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the
canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers
continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for
this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire
new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21.Which of the four programmes begins the earliest
A.Photography Workshops.
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
9.（2018 年全国Ⅰ卷 C 篇片段）At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these
languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by
many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200
Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New
Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000, which means
that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
34．How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present
A．About 6,800 . B．About 3,400
C．About 2,400 D．About 1,200.第 01 讲 细节理解题
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】名校 2024年细节理解题整合练
【题型二】最新省级联考细节理解题综合练
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 名校 2024 年细节理解题整合练
1. （2024·湖南·长郡中学）
Every morning on the island of Oahu, students at Pu’ hala Elementary gather on a field as towering
mountains watch them from the mist. Their day starts with songs in ‘ lelo Hawai’i, the islands’ native language,
restating values of respect and justice that their teachers hope will guide them through their education, and
throughout their lives.
Like most kids their age, they’re not concerned about the significance of the language they’re learning. Still,
they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of ‘ lelo Hawai’ i for future
generations.
It was only 50 years ago that the language was on the edge of extinction. Though the situation is much
improved, in many ways ‘ lelo Hawai’ i is still on life support. Teachers say there’s a huge enthusiasm for school
kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they’re encouraged to focus on “more useful” subjects and use
English, which are believed to assist them in achieving success in their work. In 2016, there were 18, 610 Hawaiian
speakers on the islands.
“One hundred thousand is the approximate number of speakers needed to consider the language safe, ” says
Solomon, professor of Hawaiian language at University of Hawai’i at Manoa. “The idea is that there are enough
people passing it on to the next generation, socializing their children to use the language in all domains of life, to
express all thoughts and needs and desires. ”
Fortunately, the kids of Pu’ hala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current
young adults defending the language, expanding access to ‘ lelo Hawai’i in part through TikTok and Instagram,
and making the language a practical skill in adulthood. These youth, along with those committed to recovering the
language from previous generations, share their hopes for the better.
1．What are the students at Pu’ hala Elementary expected to do
A．To figure out the value of life. B．To go out of the island of Oahu.
C．To pass their native language down. D．To draw people’s attention to folk songs.
2．What makes the students abandon ‘ lelo Hawai’i
A．Career development. B．The improved situation.
C．Lack of enthusiasm. D．Little educational support.
3．What is the current situation of ‘ lelo Hawai’i according to professor Solomon
A．It is used in all walks of life. B．It is considered a safe language.
C．It demands more speakers to be safe. D．It has one hundred thousand speakers.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了夏威夷岛上普奥哈拉小学学生学习母语夏威夷语的情景，承载着保
护和传承夏威夷语言文化的责任。虽然夏威夷语曾经濒临灭绝，但现在学生们积极学习，努力传承着这门
语言。文章表达了对未来传承和发展夏威夷语的期望和希望。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the
security of ‘ōlelo Hawai’i for future generations.”（他们仍然肩负着重大责任：接受火炬并确保子孙后代的夏威
夷语的安全。）可知，Pu’ hala 小学的学生应该把他们的母语传承下去。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“they’re encouraged to focus on ‘more useful’ subjects and use English, which
are believed to assist them in achieving success in their work.”（他们被鼓励专注于“更有用”的科目并使用英语，
这被认为有助于他们在工作中取得成功。）可知，很多学生为了工作发展，放弃夏威夷语言的学习。故选 A
项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“In 2016, there were 18, 610 Hawaiian speakers on the islands.”（2016 年，
岛上有 18610 名讲夏威夷语的人。）以及第四段“One hundred thousand is the approximate number of speakers
needed to consider the language safe,”（认为该语言安全所需的使用者人数大约为十万人）可知，目前夏威夷
语言的使用者远达不到安全数量 100000，因此需要更多使用者才能确保该语言的安全。故选 C 项。
2.（2024·湖南·长郡中学）
A professor at the University of South Florida recently published a paper she knew barely anyone would read.
At least, not outside her field. The paper had to do with the impact of algae (海藻) blooms and depletion (退化) of
coral reefs on the region’s tourism industry.
The work of completing the paper was glum, says Heather O’Leary. It involved tracking visitors’ reactions
to the environment on social media. “Part of the data for months was just reading posts: dead fish, dead fish, dead
fish,” she recalled. “We were really thinking every day about the Gulf of Mexico and the waters that surround us,
about those risks, and the risks to our coastal economy.”
O’Leary wanted people to pay attention to her paper and raise their environmental awareness. But she
couldn’t come up with any solutions. However, attending concerts at USF’s School of Music inspired and
gladdened her. She reached out to its director of bands, Matthew McCutchen. “I’m studying climate change and
what’s going down at the coral reefs,” he remembered her saying. “And I’ve got all this data from my paper and I’d
like to know if there’s any way that we can turn it into music. So people can know about my paper.”
Indeed there position professor Paul Reller worked with students to map pitch, rhythm and
duration to the data. It came alive, O’Leary said, in ways it simply couldn’t be done on a spreadsheet.
“My students were really excited to start thinking about how students from other majors, such as the music
students, heard patterns that they did not normally hear in some of the repetitions,” she said. In this case, she said,
the patterns revealed the economic impact of pollution on coastal Florida communities.
......
6．What favor did Heather ask Matthew to offer
A．Turn her algae data into music.
B．Find some music about coral reefs.
C．Teach her some musical terms.
D．Compose songs regarding climate change.
7．What do patterns in Paul’s music reflect
A．The different types of training.
B．The repetition of pitch and rhythm.
C．The threat of pollution on the costal economy.
D．The complex challenges of wicked problems.
8．What role did Heather think music plays
A．Providing solutions to the algae problem.
B．Exposing more wicked problems to the public.
C．Showing the economic growth in coastal cities.
D．Helping people experience the problems better.
【答案】 6．A 7．C 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一位南佛罗里达大学的教授 Heather O’leary 的研究工作，以及她
如何将这项与藻类大量繁殖和珊瑚礁枯竭对旅游业影响的研究转化为音乐形式的创新尝试。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“The paper had to do with the impact of algae (海藻) blooms and depletion (退化) of
coral reefs on the region’s tourism industry. (这篇论文与藻类大量繁殖和珊瑚礁枯竭对该地区旅游业的影响有
关。)”和第三段““I’m studying climate change and what’s going down at the coral reefs,” he remembered her
saying. “And I’ve got all this data from my paper and I’d like to know if there’s any way that we can turn it into
music. So people can know about my paper.” (“我正在研究气候变化和珊瑚礁正在发生什么，”他记得她说。“我
从我的论文中得到了所有这些数据，我想知道我们是否有办法把它变成音乐。这样人们就可以知道我的论
文了。”)”可知，Heather 叫 Matthew 帮忙把她的藻类数据变成音乐。故选 A。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“In this case, she said, the patterns revealed the economic impact of pollution on
coastal Florida communities. (在这种情况下，这些模式揭示了污染对佛罗里达沿海社区的经济影响。)”可知，
保 Paul 音乐中的模式反映了污染对沿海经济的威胁。故选 C。
3.（2024·湖南长沙一中·模拟预测）Organizations design courses to help you learn new skills or improve your
current skill set. Here’re the best course providers of 2024.
Codecademy
It provides information technology (IT) and other technical users with courses in coding and other software
engineering areas. You can choose from several subscription plans or choose a free option to explore the website’s
course collection.
Memrise
It’s a website and an application created to help you learn another language. It’s free to use and offers up to
23 languages to pursue. It aims to work on developing your long-term memory to support your learning journey
and make it more effective. Additionally, it provides video examples of individuals using the language’s terms and
phrases in everyday life.
Pluralsight
It’s a paid subscription site but offers a free trial, so you can try a few classes to determine if it fits your
needs. You can take a Skill IQ assessment to know your skill levels and help you determine a plan to improve your
abilities. It employs certified experts as the course instructors, which benefits you as a learner.
Alison
It’s a free learning platform offering classes, including fields such as personal development, health,
language, finance and science. It offers learners the flexibility of taking the courses anywhere and anytime, so users
can fit it into their schedule. And the platform is for individuals with various skill levels, from beginner to expert.
Additionally, the site has two types of courses, allowing you to choose between earning a certificate or getting a
diploma.
9．Which is most likely to be the course provided on Codecademy
A．Computer Science. B．Drawing for Beginners.
C．Advanced Parenting Skills. D．Civil Engineering.
10．Which website invites specialists to assist the learners
A．Codecademy. B．Pluralsight. C．Alison. D．Memrise.
11．What is special about Alison’s courses
A．They are designed for adults. B．They require learners to pay.
C．They offer no certificates. D．They are self-paced.
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个提供在线课程的网站。
9．细节理解题。根据 Codecademy 部分“It provides information technology (IT) and other technical users with
courses in coding and other software engineering areas.(它为信息技术和其他技术用户提供编码和其他软件工
程领域的课程)”可知，Codecademy 网站最有可能会有计算机科学的课程。故选 A。
10．细节理解题。根据 Pluralsight 部分“It employs certified experts as the course instructors, which benefits you
as a learner.(它聘请认证专家作为课程讲师，这有利于你作为一个学习者。)”可知，该网站会邀请专家帮助学
员。故选 B。
11．细节理解题。根据 Alison 部分“It offers learners the flexibility of taking the courses anywhere and anytime, so
users can fit it into their schedule.(它为学习者提供了随时随地学习课程的灵活性，因此用户可以将其纳入他们
的时间表)”可知，该网站的学员可以根据自己的时间灵活学习。故选 D。
4.（2024·江苏扬州中学·模拟）Irish Writers Centre Novel Fair 2024
The Novel Fair is an annual competition initiated by the Irish Writers Centre (IWC). Described by The Irish
Times as “A Dragons’ Cave for writers”, each year the Fair aims to introduce up-and-coming writers to top
publishers and literary agents.
The Prize
The twelve winners will have the opportunity to present the summary of their novel directly to industry
professionals. Leading publishers and agents will be invited by the IWC to meet these writers in person or through
a series of online meetings. To get fully prepared for the meeting with publishers and agents, the winners will
receive a place in a workshop on “How to Promote Your Novel”, two weeks in advance. Also, applicants who are
longlisted (初选) but do not make it to the shortlist of twelve will have their works evaluated and criticized by the
judging panel.
How to Enter
Entry fee for application is 55 (Members of IWC can enter for a discounted fee of 45). This competition
only accepts manuscripts (原稿) for novels. Applicants are required to send a summary within 300 words and up to
five chapters of their novel, which should be 10,000 words (+/-10％ ). Manuscripts should be submitted online.
There is a limit of one entry per applicant.
Entries are welcome from anywhere in the world. Before entering the competition, please ensure that you
have read the Novel Fair Terms & Conditions 2024 very carefully as the Fair is open to only novelists who
have never published work previously. If you have any questions about the application process, please email
novelfair@irishwriterscentre.ie.
16．What’s the purpose of the Fair
A．To advertise local stories.
B．To encourage literary reading.
C．To serve as a platform for writers.
D．To arouse enthusiasm for writing.
18．Which of the following meets the requirement of the Fair
A．A summary of 200 words.
B．A novel published in 2023.
C．A paper manuscript by post.
D．A submission of seven chapters.
【答案】16．C 18．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱尔兰作家中心 2024 年的小说书展活动，包括活动目的、奖品、
参与方式等信息。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Described by The Irish Times as “A Dragons’ Cave for writers”, each year the
Fair aims to introduce up-and-coming writers to top publishers and literary agents. (被《爱尔兰时报》描述为“作
家的龙洞”，每年的书展旨在向顶级出版商和文学代理商介绍崭露头角的作家)”可知，书展的目的在于为作
家提供平台，让他们被出版商和文学代理商认识。故选 C 项。
18．细节理解题。根据 How to Enter 中“Applicants are required to send a summary within 300 words and up to
five chapters of their novel (申请人必须提交一篇 300 字以内的摘要，以及小说五个章节以内的内容)”可知，
一篇 200 字的摘要符合书展的要求。故选 A 项。
5.（2024·江苏盐城中学·模拟预测）When looking for some vacation ideas to spread out and get some time
and space to yourself, check out these great resorts (度假胜地) options.
Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana
Located in Punta Cana, this family-friendly vacation at an all-inclusive resort offers something for everyone
in your party. Parents can enjoy relaxing by one of the resort’s swim-up bars in an infinity pool or head out for
some deep-sea fishing. Kids, meanwhile, can head over to the kids’ club for a number of activities. Plus, all of the
drinks and food across the 14 restaurants and bars is included.
Beaches Turks & Caicos
This resort has become the Caribbean’s popular go-to when it comes to all-inclusive family vacations that
provide great value since there’s so much to do for guests of all ages. There’s a 45,000-square-foot water park, 24
restaurants, unlimited PADI-certified scuba diving and water sports, a 12-mile beach, a spa, 10 pools—whew!
The Alisal Guest Ranch
......
31．Which attracts those interested in horseback-riding
A．Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana. B．Beaches Turks & Caicos.
C．Montage Palmetto Bluff. D．The Alisal Guest Ranch.
32．What do the four attractions share
A．They promise good food services. B．They include various kids’ clubs.
C．They provide parent-child activities. D．They have large historic buildings.
【答案】31．D 32．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个很棒的度假胜地。
31．细节理解题。根据的“All that wide-open space means activities like horseback riding, scenic cycling, hiking,
fishing, kayaking and, for the body-and-spirit-minded traveler in your group, yoga.(所有这些开阔的空间意味着
可以进行像骑马、骑风景自行车、徒步旅行、钓鱼、皮划艇的活动，对于你的团队中注重身体和精神的旅
行者来说，还有瑜伽这样的活动。)”可知，The Alisal Guest Ranch 会吸引那些对骑马感兴趣的人。故选 D。
32．细节理解题。根据Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana的“Parents can enjoy relaxing by one of the resort’s swim-up bars in an
infinity pool or head out for some deep-sea fishing. Kids, meanwhile, can head over to the kids’ club for a number
of activities. (家长们可以在度假村的无边泳池里的一个游泳酒吧里放松身心，或者去深海钓鱼。与此同时，
孩子们可以去儿童俱乐部参加一些活动。) ”，Beaches Turks & Caicos 的“(这个度假胜地已经成为加勒比地
区最受欢迎的家庭度假胜地。)”可知，The Alisal Guest Ranch 的“If you live in the city and want to get back to
nature, this luxury farm over nearly 11,000 acres in California’s Santa Ynez Valley is a perfect fit for a family.(如
果你住在城市里，想要回归自然，这个位于加州圣伊内斯山谷的豪华农场占地近 11,000 英亩，是一个家庭
的完美选择。)”，Montage Palmetto Bluff 的“The 20,000-acre community includes a nature preserve with walking
trails, but the real stars of the show here are the over 300 species of birds. The resort’s resident naturalist takes
families on walks to Bird Island, sharing a history of the area. Plus, kids will love the kayak tours that get up close
to the dolphins that live there year-round.(这个占地 2 万英亩的社区包括一个带步行道的自然保护区，但这里真
正的明星是 300 多种鸟类。度假村的常驻博物学家带着家人去鸟岛散步，分享该地区的历史。此外，孩子
们会喜欢独木舟之旅，可以近距离接触全年生活在那里的海豚。)”可知，这四个景点的共同之处在于他们都
提供亲子活动，家长和孩子有很多活动可以选择。故选 C。
6.（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Diana was out shopping in a busy department store after work one evening. Just five
minutes before closing time, she heard a staff member saying, “someone is having a seizure (癫痫 )”: Walking
quickly towards the staff member, Diana saw a fellow shopper on the ground. She had fallen and was lying on the
floor, jerking uncontrollably. A small group of people had gathered to help the woman and a staff member called an
ambulance. Dian a knew that she could use what she had learned on her first aid course to help as well.
Knowing it was important to keep the woman safe, one of the employees brought over a staff jacket and they
put it under the woman’s head so she wouldn’t injure herself. “The seizure probably lasted only a few minutes, but
it seemed much longer while it was going on,” Diana said. “When the jerking stopped, a man helped turn the
woman on to her side. I then tilted her head back to help her keep breathing. After the seizure, the woman seemed
not to be able to understand what we were saying and couldn’t speak. Luckily, I had learned that this can happen
after a seizure and it may take some time for people to get back to normal.”
“It was such a comfort when she very tentatively answered that she was OK. By this time, the ambulance
was on its way, the store had closed for the night and the other shoppers who had helped at first had left.” “We all
a-greed that the woman was in safe hands with the first aider and a nurse who had also stopped to help, so I started
to make my way out of the store.”
“As I was leaving, one of the store’s employees said, ‘thank you for your kindness’”. “I was very touched by
her words, and I told her that I’d learned first aid in case something like this ever happened, and now it had. Even
though the incident left me feeling very shaken, I was glad I knew what to do to help.”
38．What did Diana do to help the woman suffering from a seizure
A．She called an ambulance for her. B．She helped turn the woman to one side.
C．She brought over a staff jacket to keep her warm. D．She made sure the woman could breathe easily.
39．How did Diana feel after the incident
A．Grateful. B．Relieved. C．Anxious. D．Regretful.
40．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Diana stayed to help when the ambulance arrived.
B．The woman could not answer their questions because of pain.
C．It was essential to learn some knowledge of first aid.
D．The employee was too frightened to offer a helping hand.
【答案】38．D 39．B 40．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了戴安娜在百货公司购物的时候，一名顾客突发癫痫，于是戴安
娜用自己学过的急救知识帮助了这名顾客。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段“I then tilted her head back to help her keep breathing.(然后我把她的头向后倾斜，
帮助她保持呼吸)”可知，戴安娜确保那个女人可以轻松呼吸来帮助那个癫痫发作的女人。故选 D。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段“It was such a comfort when she very tentatively answered that she was OK.(当她
非常试探性地回答说她没事时，我感到很欣慰)”可知，事发后戴安娜感到松了一口气。故选 B。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I was very touched by her words, and I told her that I’d learned first aid in case
something like this ever happened, and now it had.(我被她的话感动了，我告诉她我学过急救，以防类似的事情
发生，现在真的发生了)”可知，学习一些急救知识是必要的。故选 C。
7（. 2024·湖北襄阳四中·模拟）With such a strong artistic heritage, it’s no surprise that England knocks it out of the
park when it comes to world-class art galleries. These are the galleries you need to add to your must-visit list.
Royal Academy of Arts (RA), London
Not your standard gallery, the Royal Academy of Arts is led by artists to promote not just the appreciation of
art, but its practice. It is world-famous for hosting some exhibitions that get everyone talking. Besides, what sets the
RA apart is its engagement with the public through participatory experiences, allowing visitors to not only view art
but become part of it in innovative ways.
Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Norwich
Sitting on the edge of the University of East Anglia’s campus, the Sainsbury Centre holds a collection of
remarkable works of art spanning over 2,000 years. Inside the seminal Norman Foster building, you’ll find
artworks from around the world, including some stunning pieces of European modern art by Degas, Francis Bacon,
and Alberto Giacometti.
Yorkshire Sculpture Park, West Yorkshire
Tearing up the rulebook when it comes to how we traditionally view art, the Yorkshire Sculpture Park strives
to break down barriers by showing works from British and international artists in the open air. Set in hundreds of
acres of West Yorkshire parkland, you’ll see sculptures by some of the leading artists of the 20th century.
Whitworth, Manchester
After a sky-high 15 million development, the Whitworth is becoming one of the premier galleries in the
north of England. Making full use of its picturesque park setting, the gallery has a beautiful art garden and a
sculpture terrace (露台 ), all waiting to be explored. Inside the gallery, you can view an exciting programme of
ever-changing exhibitions.
46．What is special about the Royal Academy of Arts
A．It offers interactive experiences.
B．It displays works by senior artists.
C．It occupies a vast space in the museum.
D．It stages exhibitions in a traditional way.
47．What do Yorkshire Sculpture Park and Whitworth have in common
A．They are small in scale. B．They offer outdoor settings.
C．They feature long-standing works. D．They host exhibitions on an annual basis.
【答案】46．A 47．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游客必看的英国艺术画廊。
46．细节理解题。根据 Royal Academy of Arts (RA), London 部分中“It is world-famous for hosting some
exhibitions that get everyone talking. Besides, what sets the RA apart is its engagement with the public through
participatory experiences, allowing visitors to not only view art but become part of it in innovative ways.(它以举办
一些让每个人都在谈论的展览而闻名于世。此外，RA 的独特之处在于它通过参与式体验与公众互动，让参
观者不仅可以观看艺术，还可以以创新的方式成为艺术的一部分)”可知，皇家艺术学院的特别之处在于它提
供的是一种互动体验。故选 A 项。
47．细节理解题。根据 Yorkshire Sculpture Park, West Yorkshire 部分中“Tearing up the rulebook when it
comes to how we traditionally view art, the Yorkshire Sculpture Park strives to break down barriers by showing
works from British and international artists in the open air.(当谈到我们传统上如何看待艺术时，约克郡雕塑公园
打破了规则，通过在露天展示英国和国际艺术家的作品，努力打破障碍)”和 Whitworth, Manchester 部分中
“Making full use of its picturesque park setting, the gallery has a beautiful art garden and a sculpture terrace (露台),
all waiting to be explored.(画廊充分利用其风景如画的公园环境，拥有一个美丽的艺术花园和一个雕塑露台,
所有这些都有待探索)”可知，约克郡雕塑公园和惠特沃斯画廊的共同之处在于它们都提供户外环境。故选 B
项。
题型二 最新省级联考细节理解题综合练
1. （2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
Orange chicken, sweet and sour pork, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style of Chinese
dishes that disappoint him. For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China,
those cuisines are far from authentic, but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western preferences.
What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed (扭曲). Quite a few
Westerners recognize that particular type of fa re as the whole of Chinese cuisine.
“They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine, about how it varies because people forget
how big China is. It is a country that has deserts from one side, jungles and sea from the other side. Each area has
its unique style of cooking.” he says.
Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making
Chinese dishes at home. “Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture.” he says.
......
56．When did Max Burns return to Brighton, England according to the text
A．Aged 13. B．Aged 14. C．Aged 16. D．Aged 21.
57．How does Max Burns change people’s wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines
A．Treat them to Chinese dishes. B．Write reports on Chinese cuisines.
C．Cook Chinese dishes for them in person.D．Display authentic Chinese cuisines on.
【答案】56．B 57．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生
活了 13 年的 21 岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做的中国
菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。
56．细节理解题。由第一段第二句 “For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years
in China”（对于一个 21 岁的英国年轻人来说，他在中国度过了头 13 年的人生）和第六段第一句“Interestingly,
when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing”（有趣的
是，2016 年从北京搬回英国布莱顿后，伯恩斯第一次开始发视频）可知，伯恩斯头 13 年的人生是在中国度
过的，说明他 14 岁回到了英国的布莱顿。故选 B 项。
57．细节理解题。根据第四段“Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄
并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home.”（Burns 试图通过在家制作中国菜的视频博客来展示中国菜的
丰富多样）可知 Max Burns 是通过在视频博客上展示真正的中国菜来改变人们对中国菜的错误认知的。故
选 D。
2. （2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
In Georgia students will be required to build “background knowledge” by reciting all or part of significant
poems and speeches. The Arkanses plan calls for students to recite a passage from a well-known poem, play or
speech. That’s it: an old-fashioned demand that students memorize the Gettysburg Address or Hamlet’s “To be or
not to be” or Gwendolyn Brooks’s We Real Cool and recite it to an audience.
Most parents would probably call this a worthy exercise once abandoned for long, gathering the courage to
speak in public and firing the adolescent imagination. Who could object to store memorable words in teenage heads
otherwise packed with short videos
English teachers, that’s who. Modern educators view memorization as empty repetition, mechanical and
prescriptive (规定的 ) rather than creative or thoughtful. Reciting texts from memory, they say, merely drops
information into students’ minds. It’s repetitive learning instead of critical analysis.
......
60．Why are educators against storing memorable words in teenage heads
A．Memorization is nothing but thoughtful learning.
B．Memorization is anything but repetitive learning.
C．Memorization does injure teenagers’ heads.
D．Memorization does no good to critical analysis.
【答案】60．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在社交媒体和人工智能时代，背诵经典词句的重要性，以及现代
教育者对此的反对态度。
60．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Modern educators view memorization as empty repetition, mechanical and
prescriptive(规定的) rather than creative or thoughtful. Reciting texts from memory, they say, merely drops
information into students’ minds. It’s repetitive learning instead of critical analysis.”（现代教育者认为记忆是空洞
的重复，机械和规定的，而不是创造性或思考性的。他们说，从记忆中背诵文本只是将信息灌输到学生的
头脑中。这是重复的学习，而不是批判性的分析。）可知，教育者反对将记忆深入青少年的头脑，因为他
们认为这种记忆并不能有助于批判性分析。故选 D。
3.（2024·河南、山西大联考）Heights Library (HL) is here to help by connecting you to companies, organizations,
and other media that offer access to free, quality content.
Art for Kids Hub
It provides hundreds of videos that teach kids (and their adults) how to draw, fold, paint, and sculpt to their
heart’s content. Learn how to draw your favorite Disney or Fortnite characters, fold a shirt card for Father’s Day.
Projects require only a few art supplies.
For: Grades PreK-8
Where: Visit their website
Babbel
It’s a popular language learning app. Babbel courses are designed by language experts and are available in
13 different languages. Short lessons with interactive dialogue, practical phrases and vocabulary allow students to
put themselves deeply in a new language.
For: K-College students
Where: Register an account at Babbel and access on mobile or desktop devices
BrainPOP
It’s an educational website that creates digital content for K-8 students. Lessons begin with a short, animated
video and are accompanied by interactive quizzes, extension activities, and games. Videos feature a relatable and
engaging cast, including a beloved orange robot named Moby. There’re Spanish and French versions, as well as an
option for English language learners.
For: Grades K-8
Where: BrainPOP is offering free access to families
Ten to Explore
The Metroparks make it easy to get out of the house with the fun challenge Ten to Explore presented by
Wayside Furniture. Each month ten parks or activities are highlighted to encourage people to choose outside
exploration. Tag any photos on social media with #Ten to Explore# for a chance to win a special prize pack.
For: All ages
Where: Check their website for updates on reservation
69．Which will you choose if you want to experience nature in person
A．Art for Kids Hub. B．Babbel. C．Ten to Explore. D．BrainPOP.
70．What do the resources have in common
A．They are digital. B．They are designed by HL.
C．They are free only for kids. D．They are favored by language learners.
【答案】 69．C 70．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种供儿童、成年人和家庭使用的数字资源。
69．细节理解题。根据 Ten to Explore 部分“Each month ten parks or activities are highlighted to encourage people
to choose outside exploration. (每个月 10 个公园或 10 项活动，鼓励人们选择户外探索)”可知，想要亲近大自
然，可以参加 Ten to Explore。故选 C。
70．细节理解题。根据 Art for Kids Hub 部分中“Where: Visit their website(在哪里：访问他们的网站)”、Babbel
部分中“Where: Register an account at Babbel and access on mobile or desktop devices(在哪里：在 Babbel 注册一
个帐户，并在移动或桌面设备上访问)”、BrainPOP 部分中“It’s an educational website that creates digital content
for K-8 students.(这是一个教育网站，为 K-8 年级的学生创建数字内容)”和 Ten to Explore 部分中“Where:
Check their website for updates on reservation(在哪里：查看他们的网站了解最新的预订信息)”可知，四个资源
都是在网站上或者 APP 中，都是数字化资源。故选 A。
4.（2024·河南、山西大联考）
Can happiness be obtained — by learning about it in school The University of Bristol’s Science of
Happiness course, which launched in 2018, is helping answer that question. Not your typical college class, the
innovative course features absolutely no tests or work. Instead it focuses on teaching students what the latest studies
in psychology suggest really makes people happy. Now, the research team behind that class has released a new
study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.
Thanks to their course, researchers had already established that teaching students about the latest scientific
studies focusing on happiness results in a notable improvement in well-being. During this latest project, they took
things a step further. Their work shows that increases in well-being among students are ultimately short-lived —
unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.
“It’s like going to the gym — we can’t expect to do one class and be fit forever. Just as with physical health,
we have to continuously work on our mental health, otherwise the improvements are temporary,” explains senior
study author Professor Bruce Hood. Students who took the happiness course reported a 10 to 15 percent
improvement in well-being. However, only those who continued practicing what they learned during the course
reported sustained improved well-being upon being surveyed again two years later. This project is the first ever to
track the well-being of students who had taken a happiness course long after the class ended.
“To gain more information about happiness, we’ll continue studying. What we teach is related to positive
psychology interventions (干预) that take your attention away from yourself, by helping others, being with friends,
or thankfulness,” Prof. Hood said. “This is the opposite of the current principle, but countless studies have shown
that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from negative thinking.”
Prof. Hood recently turned the course into a new book, released earlier this month. The Science of
Happiness: Seven Lessons for Living Well details an evidence-informed roadmap to better well-being.
75．What do we know about Science of Happiness course
A．It’s an analysis of students’ exams. B．It’s a research platform for the team.
C．It’s the team’s theoretical foundation. D．It’s the collection of research processes.
77．Which of the following belongs to the current principle
A．Talking to strangers. B．Giving gifts to others.
C．Spending money on oneself. D．Walking in nature with friends.
【答案】75．B 77．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。布里斯托大学于 2018 年推出了幸福科学课程。这门课程背后的研究小组最近
发布了一项新的研究报告称：我们可以学习如何变得快乐。
75．细节理解题。根据第一段“Now, the research team behind that class has released a new study reporting it really
is possible to learn how to be happy.(现在，这门课背后的研究小组发布了一项新的研究报告，报告说，学习
如何快乐真的是可能的。)”以及第三段“This project is the first ever to track the well-being of students who had
taken a happiness course long after the class ended.(这个项目是有史以来第一个追踪那些在课程结束很久之后
还在学习幸福课程的学生的幸福感的项目。)”可知，这门课程为这个研究小组提供了研究平台。故选 B。
77．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What we teach is related to positive psychology interventions (干预) that take
your attention away from yourself, by helping others, being with friends, or thankfulness (我们教的是积极心理学
干预，通过帮助别人，和朋友在一起，或者感恩，把你的注意力从自己身上转移开)”以及“This is the opposite
of the current principle, but countless studies have shown that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from
negative thinking.( 这与目前的原则相反，但无数的研究表明，摆脱自己的想法有助于我们摆脱消极的想法)”
可知，“the current principle”关注的是“自我”，这容易造成负面思维，而幸福科学课程关注的是“与他人交
往”，因此推断“给自己花钱”属于“the current principle”。故选 C。
5. （2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）
If something’s standing in your way to greatness, these top books on motivation can help you overcome
roadblocks so you can realize your dreams. Here’s a look at some of the best books on motivation.
Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff ... and It’s All Small Stuff by Richard Carlson
Learn how to turn problems into opportunities and stay calm in stressful situations with this handy guide
focused on helping readers find happiness and peace of mind. Discover how to master your thoughts and fully live
in the moment to appreciate what you have and get the most out of life.
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People by Stephen R. Covey
Highlighting the habits that distinguish those people who deal particularly well with the world from
everyone else, this popular motivation book explains how you can become a better person by adopting the attitude
of the highly effective and aligning (使……一致) your life with universal principles.
How to Win Friends &Influence People by Dale Carnegie
A favorite presenting basic rules for how to make a good first impression and effortlessly win people over,
this bestselling motivational book offers timeless advice backed by engaging anecdotes (轶事). Carnegie explains
the easy techniques to help anyone become more popular and persuasive, and he shares simple guidelines to
instantly make yourself more likable.
Smarter Faster Better by Charles Duhigg
Being productive isn’t just about managing your to-do list; it’s also about making the right choices and
maintaining the proper mindset. Staying motivated means sticking to your goals even when the world throws a
challenge of bother at you. And by adopting a few easy methods to stay on track, nothing will stand between you
and your dreams.
83．If you want to be popular, which book may you read
A．Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff... and It’s All Small Stuff.
B．The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.
C．How to Win Friends & Influence People.
D．Smarter Faster Better.
84．Who intends to help readers relieve worries in life
A．Richard Carlson. B．Stephen R. Covey.
C．Dale Carnegie. D．Charles Duhigg.
85．How is Smarter Faster Better different from the other books
A．It motivates you to achieve your dreams. B．It emphasizes the importance of willpower.
C．It teaches you how to keep a peaceful mind. D．It tells about specific basic rules for success.
【答案】83．C 84．A 85．A
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四本能激励你的书籍。
83．细节理解题。根据 How to Win Friends &Influence People by Dale Carnegie 中“Carnegie explains the easy
techniques to help anyone become more popular and persuasive, and he shares simple guidelines to instantly make
yourself more likable.(卡耐基解释了帮助任何人变得更受欢迎和更有说服力的简单技巧，他分享了简单的指
导方针，让你立即更讨人喜欢)”可知，如果想要受欢迎，可以阅读 How to Win Friends & Influence People。
故选 C。
84．细节理解题。根据 Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff ... and It’s All Small Stuff by Richard Carlson 中“Learn how to
turn problems into opportunities and stay calm in stressful situations with this handy guide focused on helping
readers find happiness and peace of mind.(学习如何将问题转化为机会，并在压力下保持冷静，这本方便的指
南专注于帮助读者找到快乐和内心的平静)”可知，Richard Carlson 的书能帮助读者解除生活中的烦恼。故选
A。
85．细节理解题。根据 Smarter Faster Better by Charles Duhigg 中“Staying motivated means sticking to your goals
even when the world throws a challenge of bother at you. And by adopting a few easy methods to stay on track,
nothing will stand between you and your dreams.(保持动力意味着坚持你的目标，即使这个世界给你带来挑战
和麻烦。通过采取一些简单的方法来坚持下去，没有什么能阻挡你和你的梦想)”可知，这本书的不同之处在
于它能激励你实现梦想。故选 A。
6. （2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）
......
It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card
period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest
might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions.
......
95．Which probably belongs to a mental framework
A．Recognizing a pair of twins. B．Lecturing at an opening ceremony.
C．Learning English by watching a film. D．Planning a tour route in a strange city.
【答案】 D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas.
Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics.
Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map”
travel directions.”（它给了我们一个心理框架，我们可以把不相关的想法附加到这个框架上。即使他的交易
卡期结束了，我儿子也经常把新号码和储存的体育数据联系起来。你自己感兴趣的领域可能会对你有所帮
助，比如为人们的名字提供发音相似的单词，或者让你“绘制”旅行路线。）可知，在一个陌生的城市规划旅
游路线可能属于一个心理框架。故选 D 项。
7. （2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）
Hollywood’s stars born after 2000
Meet the young stars in Hollywood taking charge of their careers like no generation prior to them.
Millie Bobby Broun
The English teen rose to fame for her role as Eleven in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger
Things, for which she earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination (提名) for Outstanding Supporting Actress in
a Drama Series at age 13. She also received several awards for the role.
Iain Armitage
Iain Armitage was seen as a troubled Ziggy Chapman in hit series Big Little Lies, and then entered The Big
Bang Theory universe as the lead character in its prequel (前传) Young Sheldon. “I kind of stumbled into acting. I
didn’t think, ‘I want to be an actor when I grow up.’ I do theatre reviews and I always thought I was just a great
audience member. I loved coming to shows. I don’t watch too much TV, which is ironic.”
Mackengie Foy
After modeling from age 3, Foy started acting at 9, playing an extraordinary part in The Twilight Saga as the
daughter of Robert Pattinson and Kristin Stewart’s characters. She went on to play Matthew McConaughey’s
daughter in Christopher Nolan’s 2014 space epic Interstellar and soon after became Disney’s pick to lead its live -
action The Nutcracker and the Four Realms.
Mckenna Grace
After five years on the job, Grace has a résumé that reads like a Hollywood veteran’s, with nearly 50 credits
in TV (Once Upon a Time, Designated Survivor) and film, where she starred in Gifted opposite Chris Evans,
portrayed a young Margot Robbie in I, Tonya and played a junior version of Brie Larson in Captain Marvel.
98．Which one best suits people who enjoy science fiction
A．Big Little Lies. B．The Twilight Saga.
C．Stranger Things. D．I, Tonya.
99．What can be known about Iain Armitage
A．He always dreamed of being an actor.
B．It was a coincidence for him to stumble into acting.
C．He was the lead character in Designated Survivor.
D．It was normal for him to take up the acting career.
100．What is special about Mackengie Foy
A．She has ever been a model.
B．She has played roles in nearly 50 credits.
C．She earned a Primetime Emmy Award for Interstellar.
D．She was picked to lead a live-action in Captain Marvel.
【答案】98．C 99．B 100．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个好莱坞的年轻明星。
98．细节理解题。根据第二段“The English teen rose to fame for her role as Eleven in the Netflix science fiction
drama series Stranger Things, for which she earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination (提名) for Outstanding
Supporting Actress in a Drama Series at age 13. (这位英国少女因在 Netflix 科幻电视剧《怪奇物语》中饰演“小
11”而成名，并在 13 岁时获得艾美奖黄金时段剧集最佳女配角提名。)”可知，《怪奇物语》最适合喜欢科幻
小说的人。故选 C。
99．细节理解题。根据第三段“I kind of stumbled into acting. (我无意中进入了演艺圈。)”可知，伊恩·阿米蒂
奇偶然进入演艺圈纯属巧合。故选 B。
100．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“After modeling from age 3, Foy started acting at 9, playing an extraordinary
part in The Twilight Saga as the daughter of Robert Pattinson and Kristin Stewart’s characters. (福伊从 3 岁开始当
模特，9 岁开始表演，在《暮光之城》中扮演罗伯特·帕丁森和克里斯汀·斯图尔特的女儿，扮演了一个出色
的角色。)”可知，麦肯基·福伊的特别之处是她曾经当过模特。故选 A。
8.（2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）The development of bigger brains has long been considered a
characteristic of our species’ increased intelligence and subsequent dominance (主宰) on this planet. The last two
million years of our evolution were marked by a nearly fourfold (四倍的) increase in brain volume. But a growing
body of evidence suggests our brains recently changed in an unexpected way: They diminished in size sometime
following the end of the last Ice Age.
The precise timing of that post-Ice Age brain shrink has remained a mystery until now. A group of
researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture of fossil and modern sample data to confirm that this loss of gray matter
happened between 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, according to research published in June in the journal Frontiers in
Ecology and Evolution. DeSilva’s group calculated that human brains had remained roughly the same size in
average volume, about 1,450 cubic centimeters, for roughly the past 150,000 years. That average rapidly dropped
by around 10%, or up to 150 cubic centimeters, over the course of the last few millennia.
DeSilva’s group found that not only did the human brain size shrink in general, but also it decreased relative
to our body size, suggesting that brain size reduction isn’t just a byproduct of our shrinking bodies.
Many anthropologists had explained the changes coincided with the appearance of agricultural practices
around 10,000 years ago, and a global shift away from hunting and gathering. DeSilva’s group point to booming
eras for ancient civilizations in North Africa, the Middle East and South America — complex societies that they
think may have played a role in the shrinkage.
The researchers suggested that perhaps our need to maintain a large brain to keep track of information about
food, social relationships, and our environment has also relaxed in the past few millennia because we could store
information externally in other members of our social circles and groups. That trend is likely strengthened by our
use of books, personal devices and the Internet.
“Like, computers used to be the size of a room, and now they fit in your pocket, so it is important not to
relate brain size to smarts.” DeSilva said.
105．What can be known about the human brain size
A．Our brain volume has been keeping increasing.
B．The size of human brain has dropped to 150 cubic centimeters.
C．Until now, the accurate timing of brain shrink is no longer mysterious.
D．Fossils and sample data are used to figure out the exact brain shrink period.
106．Which is not the reason for brain shrinkage
A．Appearance of agriculture. B．Decreased body size.
C．Developed human society. D．Improved brain mechanism.
107．What is DeSilva and his group’s view on the reduction of human brain size
A．A smaller human brain is less smarter.
B．The reduction of human brain size is just a coincidence.
C．It is a result of brain’s adjustment to social development.
D．The shrinkage of human brain relaxed us the need to store information.
【答案】105．D 106．B 107．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于人类大脑大小随着环境变化的研究以及背后的原因。
105．细节理解题。根据第二段“A group of researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture of fossil and modern sample
data to confirm that this loss of gray matter happened between 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, according to research
published in June in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.(根据 6 月份发表在《生态与进化前沿》杂志
上的一项研究，由德西尔瓦领导的一组研究人员使用化石和现代样本数据的混合来证实，这种灰质的丧失
发生在 3000 到 5000 年前)”可知，化石和样本数据被用来计算确切的脑萎缩时期。故选 D。
106．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Many anthropologists had explained the changes coincided with the
appearance of agricultural practices around 10,000 years ago, and a global shift away from hunting and
gathering.(许多人类学家解释说，这些变化与大约 1 万年前农业活动的出现以及全球从狩猎和采集的转变相
吻合)”以及倒数第二段“The researchers suggested that perhaps our need to maintain a large brain to keep track of
information about food, social relationships, and our environment has also relaxed in the past few millennia
because we could store information externally in other members of our social circles and groups. That trend is
likely strengthened by our use of books, personal devices and the Internet.(研究人员认为，也许在过去的几千年
里，我们需要保持一个大的大脑来记录有关食物、社会关系和我们的环境的信息，因为我们可以将信息存
储在我们社交圈和群体的其他成员身上。我们对书籍、个人设备和互联网的使用可能会加强这一趋势)”可知，
体型减小不是大脑萎缩的原因。故选 B。
107．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“DeSilva’s group point to booming eras for ancient civilizations in North
Africa, the Middle East and South America — complex societies that they think may have played a role in the
shrinkage.(DeSilva 的研究小组指出，北非、中东和南美古代文明的繁荣时期，他们认为这些复杂的社会可
能在缩小中发挥了作用)”可知，DeSilva 和他的团队认为人类大脑体积缩小是大脑适应社会发展的结果。故
选 C。
Passage 1（2024 年上海复兴中学高三模拟）
During a judging period for a recent short story contest, I started thinking a lot about dialogue tags. Because in
many submissions characters didn’t “say” a thing. They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters
screamed while others murmured. But no one “said” anything. And I started wondering why.
Why do we tell beginner writers to avoid creative dialogue tags in the first place Why do we insist that
characters should stick to “said,” “asked,” and the occasional “sighed ” And, if the advice is so oft-repeated, why
are writers still unable to resist the siren call of weep, scream, snap, or laugh
The more I thought about it, the more I understood the temptation. We’re always encouraged to use strong,
actionable verbs in our prose. Why walk when you can skip or wander Why cry when you can sob on weep Why
wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs instead of mild-boring dull-blah said Why couldn’t each verb be a tiny
sparkling gem in its own right
The problem, I think, is that every jewel needs a setting to become something more than the sum of its parts.
Without something to provide structure, a collection of the world’s most glorious diamonds would still only amount
to a heap of rocks.
And a dialogue tag should never, ever be the diamond in any given sentence.
Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so bright, so
sparkling, so lifelike, so wonderfully realistic that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t
need to be told a character is shouting - we can sense it in the way they spit out words, clench fists, or storm from
the room.
A dialogue tag is a mere signpost along the narrative journey, gently indicating who said what. It’s part of a
story’s experience, but it’s not part of the story itself, nor should it be treated as such. Dialogue tags are similar to
lighting in a Broadway play: without it, the audience would have no idea what was going on, but it usually strives
to shine without calling too much attention to itself.
What’s more, readers may not initially imagine a particular line being “sobbed.” When we reach the end of a
sentence and find out our leading lady has actually sobbed instead of whispered, it pulls us right out of the story.
We pause. We reread the line. We adjust our understanding and begin again. But that wonderful momentum when
we’re fully immersed in the scene, holding our breath to find out what our heroine says next, is lost.
Creating a successful work of fiction is about giving the reader all the materials they need to build your
fictional world in their mind and not a scrap more. Readers need believable dialogue. They need voices so
compelling that they pop right off the page and into our ears. And if you’ve created dynamic characters who speak
words we can really hear you will never need to tell us how something was said.
Senior Editor
1．According to the Senior Editor, the beginner writers are tempted to __________.
A．replace a dull “said” with exciting verbs
B．omit what the character said in a dialogue
C．resist the warning against strong emotions
D．overuse the word “said” in their submissions
2．The Senior Editor compares dialogue tags to __________.
A．glorious diamonds B．heaps of rocks
C．tiny, sparkling gems D．Broadway play lighting
【答案】1．A 2．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为在文学作品中对话方式并不应做过多的描述，而是应该注重对话的内
容描写。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“We’re always encouraged to use strong, actionable verbs in our prose.”(我们
总是被鼓励在散文中使用有力的、可操作的动词。)和倒第二句“Why wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs
instead of mild-boring dull-blah said ”(为什么我们不能用激动人心的动词代替温和乏味的“说”呢？)可知，初
学写作的人很容易用激动人心的动词来代替枯燥的“说”。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据第七段最后一句中的“Dialogue tags are similar to lighting in a Broadway play”(对话标签
类似于百老汇戏剧中的灯光)可知，这位高级编辑将对话标签与百老汇戏剧灯光进行比较。故选 D。
Passage 2（2024 年上海建平中学高三模拟）
The train was at a standstill, some twenty minutes outside Kolkata, when an unexpected stroke of luck
presented Piya with an opportunity to go for a seat beside a window for some fresh air. She had been sitting in the
stuffiest part of the train compartment, on the edge of a bench: now, moving to the open window, she saw that the
train had stopped at a station called Champahati.
Looking over her shoulder, Piya spotted a tea-seller on the platform. Reaching through the bars of the
window, she called him with a wave. She had never cared for the kind of chai, Indian tea, sold in Seattle, her
hometown in the USA, but somehow, in the ten days she had spent in India she had developed an unexpected taste
for milky, overboiled tea served in earthenware cups. There were no spices in it for one thing, and this was more to
her taste than the chai at home.
She paid for her tea and was trying to get in the cup through the bars when the man in the seat opposite her
own suddenly turned over a page, jolting her hand. She turned her wrist quickly enough to make sure that most of
the tea spilled out of the window, but she could not prevent some from spilling over his papers.
“Oh, I’m so sorry!” Piya was very embarrassed: of everyone in the compartment, this was the last person she
would have chosen to injure with her tea. She had noticed him while waiting on the platform in Kolkata and she
had been struck by the self-satisfied tilt of his head and the way in which he stared at everyone around him, taking
them in, sizing them up, sorting them all into their places.
“Here,” said Piya, producing a handful of tissues. “Let me help you clean up.”
“There’s nothing to be done,” he said testily (暴躁地). “These pages are ruined anyway.”
For a moment she considered pointing out that it was he who had knocked her hand. But all she could bring
herself to say was, “I’m very sorry. I hope you’ll excuse me.”
“Do I really have a choice ” he said. “Does anyone have a choice when they’re dealing with Americans
these days ”
Piya had no wish to get into an argument so she let this pass. Instead, she opened her eyes wide and, in an
attempt to restore peace, came out with, “But how did you guess ”
“About what ”
“About my being American You’re very observant.”
This seemed to do the trick. His shoulders relaxed as he leaned back in his seat. “I didn’t guess,” he said. “I
knew.”
8．In the first paragraph, Piya was relieved when she got a window seat because it meant that_________.
A．there was more room for her luggage
B．she no longer had to suffer from a lack of air
C．there was less chance that she would miss her stop
D．she didn’t have to stand for the rest of the train journey
9．Piya found that the tea or chai she had drunk in India ________.
A．was disappointingly weak in taste B．reminded her of her home in Seattle
C．would have tasted better if served fresh D．was preferable to the chai she had had before
10．When Piya first saw the man she thought that ________.
A．he was someone who was observant of surroundings
B．he seemed to think he was better than other people
C．he had tried to keep his distance from his fellow passengers
D．he had been looking for someone he knew on the station platform
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了是美国小姑娘 Piya 在火车上的一次经历。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The train was at a standstill, some twenty minutes outside Kolkata, when an
unexpected stroke of luck presented Piya with an opportunity to go for a seat beside a window for some fresh air.
She had been sitting in the stuffiest part of the train compartment, on the edge of a bench, now, moving to the open
window, she saw that the train had stopped at a station called Champahati. (火车停在离加尔各答大约二十分钟的
地方，这时一个意外的机缘给了皮娅一个机会，她坐在靠窗的座位上呼吸新鲜空气。她一直坐在火车车厢
最闷热的地方，坐在长凳边上，现在，她走到敞开的窗口，看到火车停在了一个叫 Champahati 的车站。)”
可知，当 Piya 找到一个靠窗的座位时，她松了一口气，因为这意味着她再也不用忍受空气不足的痛苦了。
故选 B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She had never cared for the kind of chai, Indian tea, sold in Seattle, her
hometown in the USA, but somehow, in the ten days she had spent in India she had developed an unexpected taste
for milky, overboiled tea served in earthenware cups. There were no spices in it for one thing, and this was more to
her taste than the chai at home.(她从来没有喜欢过在她的家乡美国西雅图出售的印度茶，但不知何故，在印度
的十天里，她意外地喜欢上了用陶杯盛着的煮过的奶茶。首先，里面没有香料，这比家里的茶更合她的口
味。)”可知，Piya 发现她在印度喝的茶比她以前喝过的茶更美味。故选 D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“She had noticed him while waiting on the platform in Kolkata and she had been
struck by the self-satisfied tilt of his head and the way in which he stared at everyone around him, taking them in,
sizing them up, sorting them all into their places.(她是在加尔各答的月台上等车时注意到他的，他得意洋洋地歪
着头，盯着周围每个人，打量着他们，把他们分门别类，给她留下了深刻的印象。)”可知，当皮娅第一次看
到这个男人时，她觉得他似乎认为自己比别人好。故选 B。
1.（2024 年新高考 I 卷阅读理解 C 篇）...
Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these
technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have
demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view
identical pieces.
....
30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers
A. They can hold students' attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare.
C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text.
【答案】 A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university
teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same
person.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而
不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些
技术。故选 A 项。
2.（2024 年新高考 I 卷阅读理解 C 篇）
...
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have
collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other
digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new
Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a
mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the
Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes
from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species
are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested
how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like
the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,”
said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage.
Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the
people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their
encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or
eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled
areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of
observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their
uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏见，
建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other
digital records. (今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。)”可知，现
在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical
specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding
to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable (这些观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且
由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗 )”和第四段““We
were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater
likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
(Daru 说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物
的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”可知，Daru 的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察
数据。故选 C。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias
(使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the
grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru 说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民
科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the
people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their
encounters with species in areas nearby.( 这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常
是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。)”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。
故选 C。
3.（2024 年新高考 II 卷阅读理解 A 篇）
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker
to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are
sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This
mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future
walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of
Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with
suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused
permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.
Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd Oc
