动词和动词短语
考点一：考查特定语境下动词词义辨析
1. (2023天津3月卷) When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings.
A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。A. adding增加；B. adjusting适应；C. applying申请；D. attending出席。由下文“to her new surroundings.”可知，此处表示适应新的环境，adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”，故选B。
2. (2023天津6月卷)We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。
3. (2022天津卷) If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.
A. highlight B. identify C. ignore D. prevent
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。
4.（2021天津卷） Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
A. stayed B. turned C. grown D. got
答案：A
解析：考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些人来了又走了，但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned变成（某种颜色）；C.grown变得；D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。
5.（2021天津卷）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
6.（2020江苏卷）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify
C. satisfy D. classify
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
7.（2019江苏卷）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting
C. reviewing D. restoring
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
考点二：考查特定语境下动词词义辨析
8. (2023天津3月卷)We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education.
A．catch sight of B．make room for
C．take pride in D．keep pace with
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们决心我们的教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展。A. catch sight of看见；B. make room for为……腾出空间；C. take pride in以……为骄傲；D. keep pace with与……保持同步；跟上……。由上文“our teacher training programs should”和下文“current developments in the field of education.”可知，教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展，“跟上”为动词短语keep pace with，故选D。
9. (2023天津3月卷)________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside
C．Giving away D．Getting back
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每月存一点钱被广泛认为是个人理财的好习惯。A. Picking out 挑选出；B. Putting aside 存储；C. Giving away 捐赠；D. Getting back 回来。根据“is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management”可知，存钱理财是好习惯。故选 B。
10.（2021天津卷） I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some.
A. made up for B. run out of
C. kept away from D. got down to
答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想包饺子，但发现我的面粉用完了，所以我出去买了一些。A. made up for弥补；B. run out of用完，用尽；C. kept away from远离，回避；D. got down to开始认真做。结合句意，此处指“用完”了面粉。故选B。
11.（2020江苏卷）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for
C. calling for D. compensating for
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
12.（2020天津卷）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
13.（2019天津卷）Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
答案：C
解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。
附加题一、动词辨析类模拟题20例
1．（2019·江苏卷）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting
C. reviewing D. restoring
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
2．（2018·天津）It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire
C. teach D. test
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。
3．（2017·江苏卷）A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
答案：A
解析：考查动词的辨析。A. shape塑造，决定……的形成，影响……的发展；B. switch转变，交换，
调班；C. stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D. sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
4．（23-24高二下 天津河东 期中）He is widely ______ to be one of the best novelists in the world.
A．acknowledged B．exposed C．boosted D．polished
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被公认为世界上最优秀的小说家之一。A. acknowledged承认；B. exposed暴露；C. boosted促进；D. polished打磨。结合句意可知，这里使用短语be acknowledged to be“被公认为……”符合句意，故选A项。
5．（23-24高三下 天津北辰 阶段练习）You can __________ the small and unnoticeable device to your pet so that you can easily find it.
A．confirm B．attach C．resolve D．stimulate
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以把这个小巧不起眼的设备系在宠物上，这样你就能很容易找到它。A. confirm确定；B. attach使附（系，贴，粘）着；C. resolve解决；D. stimulate刺激。根据下文“the small and unnoticeable device to your pet so that you can easily find it.( 把这个小巧不起眼的设备……在宠物上，这样你就能很容易找到它)”可知，此处指把这个小巧的设备系在宠物身上，以便容易找到它，故选B项。
6．When contacted by the media, the police didn’t ________ that report that the man was guilty, only saying that the investigation was under way.
A．confirm B．accomplish C．convey D．convince
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当媒体联系到警方时，警方没有证实该男子有罪的报道，只是说调查正在进行中。A. confirm证实，确认；B. accomplish 完成，实现；C. convey表达；D. convince使相信。根据“only saying that the investigation was under way”可知，警察没有证实男子有罪的报道，用动词confirm“证实，确认”，符合句意。故选A项。
7．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）The heartfelt laughter of the children in the playground, which seemed to __________ the mood of the entire neighborhood, brought a wave of joy and lightheartedness that lasted long after the sun had set.
A．affect B．infect C．conquer D．arouse
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们在操场上发自内心的笑声似乎感染了整个社区的情绪，带来了一波又一波的欢乐和轻松，这种情绪在太阳落山后持续了很久。A. affect影响；B. infect感染；C. conquer征服；D. arouse引起。根据“brought a wave of joy and lightheartedness that lasted long after the sun had set.(带来了一波又一波的欢乐和轻松，这种情绪在太阳落山后持续了很久)”可知，孩子们的笑声感染了整个社区的情绪。故选B。
8．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）In the depths of their mutual understanding, they shared a bond so strong that it __________ respect and affectionately nurtured their love for each other.
A．directed B．motivated C．commanded D．deserved
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们相互理解的深处，他们有着如此牢固的纽带，博得尊重，并深情地培养了他们对彼此的爱。A. directed指导；B. motivated激发；C. commanded博得；赢得；D. deserved值得；应得。根据“a bond so strong(一种如此强烈的情感连接)”可知，此处表示赢得尊重。故选C。
9．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）Students are __________ to use chatbots like ChatGPT responsibly to facilitate learning and promote academic growth in a supportive and ethical manner instead of copying answers directly.
A．supposed B．warned C．disciplined D．booked
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们应该负责任地使用像ChatGPT这样的聊天机器人来促进学习和支持道德的学术成长，而不是直接复制答案。A. supposed应该；B. warned警告；C. disciplined训练；D. booked预订。根据句意，此处表示学生们应该负责任地使用聊天机器人，而不是直接复制答案。be supposed to do sth意为“应该做某事”。故选A。
10．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）The daily routine of morning exercise and meditation helps to __________ negative thoughts with positive energy, significantly alleviating feelings of depression and promoting overall mental well-being.
A．displace B．supply C．replace D．balance
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天的晨练和冥想有助于用积极的能量取代消极的想法，显著减轻抑郁的感觉，促进整体的心理健康。A. displace移动；B. supply供应；C. replace取代；D. balance平衡。根据后文“negative thoughts with positive energy”指用积极的能量取代消极的想法，为replace…with…。故选C。
11．（23-24高三下 天津河东 期中）The policeman stopped the car to ________ the children could cross the street safely.
A．combine B．engage C．escape D．ensure
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察把车停了下来，以确保孩子们能安全过马路。A. combine使结合；B. engage(使)参与；C. escape逃离；D. ensure确保。根据下文“the children could cross the street safely”可知是确保孩子们安全过马路，故选D。
12．（23-24高二下 天津北辰 期中）Giving speeches and presentations is a necessary part of life. Whether it be at school or at a conference, speeches and orals ______ most fields of study.
A．enhance B．maintain C．advocate D．dominate
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：演讲和展示是生活中必不可少的一部分。无论是在学校还是在会议上，演讲和口语占据了大多数学习领域。A. enhance增强；B. maintain维持；C. advocate拥护，主张；D. dominate占主导地位。根据前文“Giving speeches and presentations is a necessary part of life. ”可知用“dominate”（占主导地位）来形容其在多数研究领域中的影响力最为合适。故选D。
13．（2024 天津 二模）GMRI, the Global Market Research Institution, tries to ______ students with companies that will hire them, so you can search for relevant information on the platform.
A．share B．spare C．inform D．match
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：GMRI，是一个全球市场研究机构，试图将学生与将雇佣他们的公司进行匹配，因此你可以在平台上搜索相关信息。A. share分享；B. spare抽出，留出；C. inform通知；D. match匹配。根据下文“so you can search for relevant information on the platform”可知，GMRI试图将学生与将雇佣他们的公司进行匹配，因此可以让你在平台上搜索相关信息。故选D。
14．（23-24高三下 广东江门 阶段练习）___________ in music, he was lost in a worry-free world.
A．Absorbed B．Indicated C．Devoted D．Committed
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全神贯注于音乐，他陷入一个无忧无虑的世界里。A. Absorbed吸引；B. Indicated表明；C. Devoted奉献；D. Committed承诺。根据句中he was lost in a worry-free world可知，他全神贯注于音乐，be devoted to表示“献身于”，be committed to表示“致力于”，be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于”，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式作状语。故选A项。
15．（2024 天津和平 二模）Her parents bought her a new computer, which immediately _______ her mood and brought a smile to her face.
A．lifted B．suited C．reflected D．controlled
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父母给她买了一台新电脑，这使她的心情立刻好转，脸上露出了笑容。A. lifted高兴起来，使更愉快；B. suited适合；C. reflected反映；D. controlled。根据“brought a smile to her face”可知，新电脑使她高兴了起来。故选A项。
16．（2024 天津 二模）I used hand signals to __________ messages to my teammate during the thrilling soccer match, ensuring effective communication on the field.
A．classify B．compromise C．convey D．calculate
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这场激动人心的足球比赛中，我用手势向队友传达信息，确保了场上的有效沟通。A. classify分类；B. compromise妥协；C. convey表达，传达；D. calculate计算。根据语境和后文ensuring effective communication on the field可知，此处指“向队友传达信息”。故选C。
17．（2024 天津 一模）— Although we live in a peaceful country, there are still many areas of the world at war.
—I think we should ______ solving international dispute by negotiation instead of appealing to arms.
A．admit B．approach C．assess D．advocate
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——虽然我们生活在一个和平的国家，但世界上仍有许多地区处于战争状态。——我认为我们应该主张通过谈判解决国际争端，而不是诉诸武力。A. admit承认；B. approach靠近；C. assess评价；D. advocate主张。根据solving international dispute by negotiation可知，此处为动词advocate“主张”，满足句意要求。故选D项。
18．（2024 天津河北 二模）The first section of Zhang Zeduan’s Qingming Scroll presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, ______ crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.
A．featuring B．replacing C．employing D．studying
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：张择端《清明上河图》的第一部分呈现了汴京附近农村生活的宁静景象，以农田、蜿蜒流过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民为特色。A. featuring以……为特色；B. replacing代替；C. employing雇佣；D. studying研究。根据空后的“crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work(农田、蜿蜒穿过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民)”可知，此处表示“以农田、蜿蜒流过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民为特色”。故选A项。
19．（2024 天津南开 二模）The negotiations have been _________ in a positive manner.
A．digested B．blocked C．conducted D．narrowed
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈判以积极的方式进行。A. digested消化；B. blocked阻塞；C. conducted进行；D. narrowed缩小，使变窄。根据空前的negotiations可知，此处表示以积极的方式进行谈判。故选C项。
20．（23-24高二下 天津 期中）It is widely ________that advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.
A．posed B．recalled C．liberated D．acknowledged
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响。A. posed引起，摆好姿势；B. recalled回忆；C. liberated解放，使自由；D. acknowledged承认。根据“ advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.”可知，先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响是人们承认的普遍看法。故选D。
附加题二、动词短语辨析类模拟题20例
1．（2019·天津卷）Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
答案：C
解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。
2．（2018·天津）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，让步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闯入；打断；D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。
3．（2018·江苏）Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故选A。
4．（2017·天津卷）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
答案：A
解析：句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A. 安顿下来；B. 远离；C.起床；D. 插嘴。根据句意，故选A。
5．（2017· 江苏）Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out
C. picked out D. given out
答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out使显现，阐明，出版；
C.picked out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句
意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。
6．（2024 天津 二模）The Smith family has been carefully __________ their adopted child since they welcomed him into their home.
A．bringing up B．telling off C．finding out D．taking in
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从史密斯一家欢迎他们收养的孩子来到他们家以来，他们一直小心翼翼地抚养他。A. bringing up抚养；B. telling off训斥，责备；C. finding out发现；D. taking in吸收，欺骗。该句为现在完成进行时，所以此处使用现在分词形式，结合句意以及空后的“adopted child”可知，此处应表示“抚养”那个收养的孩子。故选A项。
7．（2024 山东济南 二模）A big fire ______last night. Luckily, no one was injured.
A．broke through B．broke out C．broke into D．broke away
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨晚爆发了一场大火。幸运的是，没有人受伤。A. broke through突破；B. broke out爆发（指战争、火灾、疾病等）；C. broke into突然进入；D. broke away逃离。根据空前A big fire可知，此处指爆发了一场火灾。故选B项。
8．（2024 天津 二模）Thanks to the policy of poverty alleviation, children in remote mountain areas can ______ basic education.
A．account for B．be aware of C．have access to D．be relevant to
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于扶贫政策，偏远山区的儿童可以接受基础教育。A.account for 解释；B.be aware of 意识到：C. have access to具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会; D. be relevant to与…有关。根据上文“Thanks to the policy of poverty alleviation”可知，偏远山区的儿童可以接受基础教育。故选C项。
9．（2024 天津 二模）The US government’s immigration policy has ______ fierce debate.
A．taken off B．brought up C．built up D．set off
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国政府的移民政策引发了激烈的争论。A. taken off起飞；B. brought up抚养成人；C. built up逐渐发展；D. set off引发。根据“fierce debate”可知，此处是指引发了激烈的争论。故选D。
10．（2024 天津 模拟预测）Having separated from his family for a long time, a postcard from his parents __________ his homesickness.
A．set off B．lay aside C．provide for D．bring forward
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：与家人久别之后，父母寄来的一张明信片勾起了他的思乡之情。A. set off引起，激起；B. lay aside放置一边；C. provide for供养，赡养；D. bring forward提出。由“Having separated from his family for a long time, a postcard from his parents”和“his homesickness”可知，句子表示“与家人久别之后，父母寄来的一张明信片勾起了他的思乡之情”，空格处意为“引起，激起”，故选A。
11．（2024 天津 二模）On arriving in Athens from Marathon, the messenger whose legs collapsed on the spot, ________ the victory news and entirely exhausted himself.
A．left out B．gave out C．held out D．turned out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从马拉松抵达雅典时，这位双腿瘫痪的信使当场倒下，宣布了胜利的消息后筋疲力尽。A. left out遗漏；B. gave out发出，宣布；C. held out伸出；D. turned out结果是。分析句意可知，此处缺主句的谓语动词，且后接宾语“胜利的消息”，使用动词短语give out“宣布”符合语境。故选B项。
12．（2024 天津 模拟预测）At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may ______ many social security problems.
A．give ear to B．give rise to C．give place to D．give attention to
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最近的一次研讨会上，许多与会者担心人口过剩可能会导致许多社会安全问题。A. give ear to倾听；B. give rise to引起，导致；C. give place to让位给；D. give attention to注意。由overpopulation和many social security problems可知，句子表示“许多与会者担心人口过剩可能会导致许多社会安全问题”，空格处意为“导致”，故选B。
13．（23-24高三下 天津南开 阶段练习）Chris heard a woman’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t________ what she was saying.
A．take back B．set aside C．keep off D．make out
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：克里斯听到背景中有一个女人的声音，但她听不清她在说什么。A. take back收回；B. set aside留出；C. keep off（使）不接近，避开某一话题；D. make out理解，看清，听清。根据“what she was saying”可知，她听不清她在说什么。故选D项。
14．（23-24高三下 天津 阶段练习）If the students’ workload increases, they will need to manage their time effectively in order to ______the demands and maintain their academic performance.
A．face up to B．keep pace with C．put up with D．live up to
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果学生的工作量增加，他们将需要有效地管理他们的时间，以跟上需求和保持他们的学业表现。A. face up to勇敢面对；B. keep pace with与……保持同步，赶上；C. put up with忍受；D. live up to达到。根据the demands和maintain their academic performance可知，此处表示跟上需求并维持学业表现。故选B。
15．（23-24高二上 广东茂名 期末）Believe it or not, I have ______ our primary school Math teacher for ten years.
A．keep away from B．kept in touch with C．made use of D．came up with
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：信不信由你，我和我们的小学数学老师保持联系已经十年了。A. keep away from远离；B. kept in touch with和……保持联系；C. made use of利用；D. came up with提出。结合句意及“for ten years”可知，此处指“我和我们的小学数学老师保持联系已经十年了”，故选B。
16．（23-24高三上 天津河西 期末）When contacted by the media, the police didn’t ________ that report that the man was guilty, only saying that the investigation was under way.
A．confirm B．accomplish C．convey D．convince
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当媒体联系到警方时，警方没有证实该男子有罪的报道，只是说调查正在进行中。A. confirm证实，确认；B. accomplish 完成，实现；C. convey表达；D. convince使相信。根据“only saying that the investigation was under way”可知，警察没有证实男子有罪的报道，用动词confirm“证实，确认”，符合句意。故选A项。
17．（2024 天津南开 二模）Could you _________ this form for me to see if I have filled it out correctly
A．take over B．look after C．give off D．go over
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你能帮我检查一下这张表，看我是否填对了吗？A. take over接管；B. look after照顾；C. give off发出；D. go over检查。根据“see if I have filled it out correctly”可知，请求帮忙检查表格，用动词短语go over，符合语境。故选D项。
18．（2024 山东 三模）—Tom, may I use your pen to ______ the application form
—Sure. Here you are.
A．fill out B．pay for C．fall down D．come out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——汤姆，我可以用你的钢笔填写申请表吗？——当然给你。A. fill out填写；B. pay for支付；C. fall down跌倒；D. come out出来。根据前文use your pen可知，此处指“填写申请表”。故选A。
19．（2024 天津和平 二模）We were experimenting with a range of flavor combinations when we _______ chocolate.
A．hit upon B．came up C．met with D．occurred to
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们在尝试一系列风味组合时，偶然发现了巧克力。A. hit upon偶然发现；B. came up走进；C. met with会见；D. occurred to想到。根据chocolate可知，我们在做实验时偶然发现了巧克力，hit upon符合题意。故选A项。
20．（2024 天津河西 二模）Jenny, who has never failed to ______ her parents’ expectations, decides to study abroad after graduating from college.
A. look up to B. come up with C. live up to D. put up with
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：珍妮从来没有辜负过父母的期望，她决定大学毕业后出国留学。A. look up to尊敬，敬仰；B. come up with想出，提出； C. live up to实现，达到，不辜负； D. put up with容忍。根据宾语expectations可知，固定短语live up to one’s expectations意为“不辜负某人的期望”符合语境。故选C项。动词和动词短语
考点一：考查特定语境下动词词义辨析
1. (2023天津3月卷) When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings.
A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending
2. (2023天津6月卷)We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t
3. (2022天津卷) If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.
A. highlight B. identify C. ignore D. prevent
4.（2021天津卷） Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
A. stayed B. turned C. grown D. got
5.（2021天津卷）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
6.（2020江苏卷）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify
C. satisfy D. classify
7.（2019江苏卷）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting
C. reviewing D. restoring
考点二：考查特定语境下动词词义辨析
8. (2023天津3月卷)We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education.
A．catch sight of B．make room for
C．take pride in D．keep pace with
9. (2023天津3月卷)________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside
C．Giving away D．Getting back
10.（2021天津卷） I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some.
A. made up for B. run out of
C. kept away from D. got down to
11.（2020江苏卷）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for
C. calling for D. compensating for
12.（2020天津卷）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
13.（2019天津卷）Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
附加题一、动词辨析类模拟题20例
1．（2019·江苏卷）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting
C. reviewing D. restoring
2．（2018·天津）It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire
C. teach D. test
3．（2017·江苏卷）A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
4．（23-24高二下 天津河东 期中）He is widely ______ to be one of the best novelists in the world.
A．acknowledged B．exposed C．boosted D．polished
5．（23-24高三下 天津北辰 阶段练习）You can __________ the small and unnoticeable device to your pet so that you can easily find it.
A．confirm B．attach C．resolve D．stimulate
6．When contacted by the media, the police didn’t ________ that report that the man was guilty, only saying that the investigation was under way.
A．confirm B．accomplish C．convey D．convince
7．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）The heartfelt laughter of the children in the playground, which seemed to __________ the mood of the entire neighborhood, brought a wave of joy and lightheartedness that lasted long after the sun had set.
A．affect B．infect C．conquer D．arouse
8．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）In the depths of their mutual understanding, they shared a bond so strong that it __________ respect and affectionately nurtured their love for each other.
A．directed B．motivated C．commanded D．deserved
9．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）Students are __________ to use chatbots like ChatGPT responsibly to facilitate learning and promote academic growth in a supportive and ethical manner instead of copying answers directly.
A．supposed B．warned C．disciplined D．booked
10．（23-24高三下 上海 期末）The daily routine of morning exercise and meditation helps to __________ negative thoughts with positive energy, significantly alleviating feelings of depression and promoting overall mental well-being.
A．displace B．supply C．replace D．balance
11．（23-24高三下 天津河东 期中）The policeman stopped the car to ________ the children could cross the street safely.
A．combine B．engage C．escape D．ensure
12．（23-24高二下 天津北辰 期中）Giving speeches and presentations is a necessary part of life. Whether it be at school or at a conference, speeches and orals ______ most fields of study.
A．enhance B．maintain C．advocate D．dominate
13．（2024 天津 二模）GMRI, the Global Market Research Institution, tries to ______ students with companies that will hire them, so you can search for relevant information on the platform.
A．share B．spare C．inform D．match
14．（23-24高三下 广东江门 阶段练习）___________ in music, he was lost in a worry-free world.
A．Absorbed B．Indicated C．Devoted D．Committed
15．（2024 天津和平 二模）Her parents bought her a new computer, which immediately _______ her mood and brought a smile to her face.
A．lifted B．suited C．reflected D．controlled
16．（2024 天津 二模）I used hand signals to __________ messages to my teammate during the thrilling soccer match, ensuring effective communication on the field.
A．classify B．compromise C．convey D．calculate
17．（2024 天津 一模）— Although we live in a peaceful country, there are still many areas of the world at war.
—I think we should ______ solving international dispute by negotiation instead of appealing to arms.
A．admit B．approach C．assess D．advocate
18．（2024 天津河北 二模）The first section of Zhang Zeduan’s Qingming Scroll presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, ______ crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.
A．featuring B．replacing C．employing D．studying
19．（2024 天津南开 二模）The negotiations have been _________ in a positive manner.
A．digested B．blocked C．conducted D．narrowed
20．（23-24高二下 天津 期中）It is widely ________that advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.
A．posed B．recalled C．liberated D．acknowledged
附加题二、动词短语辨析类模拟题20例
1．（2019·天津卷）Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
2．（2018·天津）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
3．（2018·江苏）Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
4．（2017·天津卷）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
5．（2017· 江苏）Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out
C. picked out D. given out
6．（2024 天津 二模）The Smith family has been carefully __________ their adopted child since they welcomed him into their home.
A．bringing up B．telling off C．finding out D．taking in
7．（2024 山东济南 二模）A big fire ______last night. Luckily, no one was injured.
A．broke through B．broke out C．broke into D．broke away
8．（2024 天津 二模）Thanks to the policy of poverty alleviation, children in remote mountain areas can ______ basic education.
A．account for B．be aware of C．have access to D．be relevant to
9．（2024 天津 二模）The US government’s immigration policy has ______ fierce debate.
A．taken off B．brought up C．built up D．set off
10．（2024 天津 模拟预测）Having separated from his family for a long time, a postcard from his parents __________ his homesickness.
A．set off B．lay aside C．provide for D．bring forward
11．（2024 天津 二模）On arriving in Athens from Marathon, the messenger whose legs collapsed on the spot, ________ the victory news and entirely exhausted himself.
A．left out B．gave out C．held out D．turned out
12．（2024 天津 模拟预测）At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may ______ many social security problems.
A．give ear to B．give rise to C．give place to D．give attention to
13．（23-24高三下 天津南开 阶段练习）Chris heard a woman’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t________ what she was saying.
A．take back B．set aside C．keep off D．make out
14．（23-24高三下 天津 阶段练习）If the students’ workload increases, they will need to manage their time effectively in order to ______the demands and maintain their academic performance.
A．face up to B．keep pace with C．put up with D．live up to
15．（23-24高二上 广东茂名 期末）Believe it or not, I have ______ our primary school Math teacher for ten years.
A．keep away from B．kept in touch with C．made use of D．came up with
16．（23-24高三上 天津河西 期末）When contacted by the media, the police didn’t ________ that report that the man was guilty, only saying that the investigation was under way.
A．confirm B．accomplish C．convey D．convince
17．（2024 天津南开 二模）Could you _________ this form for me to see if I have filled it out correctly
A．take over B．look after C．give off D．go over
18．（2024 山东 三模）—Tom, may I use your pen to ______ the application form
—Sure. Here you are.
A．fill out B．pay for C．fall down D．come out
19．（2024 天津和平 二模）We were experimenting with a range of flavor combinations when we _______ chocolate.
A．hit upon B．came up C．met with D．occurred to
20．（2024 天津河西 二模）Jenny, who has never failed to ______ her parents’ expectations, decides to study abroad after graduating from college.
A. look up to B. come up with C. live up to D. put up with
