2023——2024高一下期期末试卷
英语试题
时间100分钟 总分120分
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on our country’s highest court.
Margaret Brent
In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However, there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner. Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits against people who owed her money.
Lucy Terry Prince
Lucy was well-known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers. Chief justice Samuel Chase, who oversaw the case, said that Prince “made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.”
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law school. Between 1972 and 1978, Ginsburg argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement.
Myra Bradwell
In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U. S. Supreme Court to overturn the Illinois court’s decision. Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer.
21. Which of the following describes Margaret Brent
A. Brave and determined B. Generous and friendly
C. Considerate and optimistic D. Traditional and scholarly
22. What was Samuel Chase’s attitude to Lucy’s argument
A. Favorable B. Uncaring C. Doubtful D. Grateful
23. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text
A. Bradwell failed the state bar exam
B. Bradwell’s request was unconstitutional
C. The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law
D. The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell
B
Riding a motorbike in Uganda was something only men could do. At least that is what Allen Kisakye Butundu was told when she said she wanted to learn to ride one. “The community were shocked to see a female rider. Some people would even shout things at me and chase me,” she says.
The 27-year-old decided to learn to ride a motorbike two years ago. Initially, the decision was to save money on travel between the capital, Kampala, and the more rural areas where she worked as a social worker. But she is now one of just a few female riders of boda boda, as motorbike taxis are known, in Uganda.
Butundu earns up to 10 a day on her motorbike and is the chief breadwinner for her children and husband, a trained vet, who has regular periods without work. But the journey has not been easy in a society with engrained gender roles. Her husband “refused completely” when she asked him to teach her how to ride.
“I didn’t give up,” she says. “I stopped boda boda drivers on the road and said: ‘I’m not a customer but I want to learn how to ride this bike, I want to do your business.’”
Butundu was taught by other riders, paying them a small fee or buying petrol. Her husband eventually came around to her new passion and bought a 1,400 bike. Last year, she became a full-time driver. Working from about 10 am to 6 pm most days, Butundu says she decided to give up her former career because she could be more flexible with her hours. She has recently bought another bike and rents one out to a friend.
Being a woman can have benefits, she says. Riders are constantly trying to avoid police officers in central Kampala as they weave (穿梭) in and out of heavy traffic. This often leads to the police forcing drivers to pay large fines. “But when they notice I am a woman, instead of being tough, they start smiling and they let me go,” she laughs.
Butundu hopes her story will encourage other women to start riding boda boda in Uganda. She is determined to keep on breaking gender boundaries. “Those who talk, let them talk,” she laughs. “This woman is serious now.”
24. Why did Butundu learn to ride a motorbike
A. She was unhappy with her job.
B. She was encouraged by her family.
C. She was moving to a rural area.
D. She wanted to reduce her travel expenses.
25. What does the underlined word ‘engrained’ mean
A. Flexible. B. Difficult. C. Fixed. D. Creative.
26. What made Butundu go full time
A. The chance to earn a higher salary.
B. The chance to choose her working hours.
C. The chance to give rides to friends.
D. The chance to learn from other riders.
27. What can we infer from the final paragraph
A. She thinks women are better boda boda riders.
B. She is reconsidering her career choice.
C. She cares little about others’ negative opinions.
D. She thinks gender boundaries are easily broken.
C
Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening (成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat.
Experts say growing awareness of the costs of food waste has led to more efforts to deal with the problem. ReFED is a group that studies food waste. It estimates 225,000 kilograms of food can be kept out of waste areas each year with special high-tech coverings.
But the cost can be a barrier for some companies and shoppers. Kroger, the largest food-store company in the US, ended its deal with Apeel Sciences in 2022. The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel’s special covering to keep them fresh.
Many companies are working on ways to help reduce food waste. A Sweden-based company is trying developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of bacteria inside its container. And Ryp Labs, based in the US and Belgium, is working on a sticker for fruits and vegetables that would release (释放) gas to slow ripening.
Some companies find it better to use proven technology in new ways. For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been trying selling a chemical compound (化合物), called 1-MCP, which is used in a room to slow the fruits’ ripening process. The company now sells packets that can slowly release 1-MCP into small containers of fruits.
“The science is promising, but it is only part of the solution,” said Yvette Cabrera. She is the director of food waste for the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Most food waste happens at home. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology. Overall as a society, we don’t value food as it should be valued,” Cabrera said.
28. How does the author start paragraph 1
A. By showing experiments. B. By quoting experts’ words.
C. By listing data. D. By giving examples.
29. Why did Kroger give up Apeel’s products
A. They were not convenient to use.
B. Food stores found them ineffective.
C. Customers disliked paying extra money.
D. They might cause pollution to the fruits.
30. What do Ryp Labs and Hazel Technologies both try doing to slow fruits’ ripening
A. Building storage rooms. B. Using chemical methods.
C. Making packets. D. Developing a sensor.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. Ways of reducing food waste. B. Benefits of saving food at home.
C. Kinds of fresh food in the market. D. Funds of dealing with food waste.
D
“Farm to table” is the name of a movement that encourages people to eat locally grown food. The farm-to-table idea has become more popular in recent years. But there is also a movement that brings “table to farm”. Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls.
Its founder, Jim Denevan, got the idea for this kind of “culinary adventure (美食探险)”, as he called it, ten years ago. He recently prepared tables for more than a hundred people at Briars Farm in Virginia. He and his eight-member team arrived the night before. Chefs (厨师) from a local restaurant prepared the dinner.
Jim Denevan’s brother is a farmer and he himself is a chef. He thought that the idea of a meal served right on the farm made sense, though not everyone agreed.
“But I wanted to make the idea work, so I decided to cross the country,” said Denevan. “I went all the way across the United States and set the table on farms, ranches (大牧场) and beaches, and all the places where food came from.”
“This kind of event connects us with a lot of enthusiastic people, people that we can form relationships with,” said Matt Szechenyi, who operates Briars Farm.
The tour of the farm ends at the dinner table. The meats in the meal come from Matt Szechenyi’s farm.
The vegetables come from nearby farms. Guests and local farmers sit together.
Annoica Ingram came with a friend. “The food is wonderful. I appreciate their hard work. I see everything they have to do to take care of the animals and make sure they are well-cared-for. Without them, I think, we’ll have big problems,” she said.
32. What is the main purpose of the movement “table to farm”
A. To provide people with healthy food.
B. To help farmers earn more money.
C. To honor farmers for their hard work.
D. To encourage people to work less and practice more.
33. Members of the movement “table to farm” will probably not ________.
A. make new friends B. walk around the farms
C. communicate with farmers D. build restaurants for farmers
34. Annoica’s attitude towards farmers’ work is ________.
A. Worried B. grateful C. doubtful D. supportive
35. What kind of writing is the passage likely to be
A. A travel guide. B. A news report. C. A diary. D. Popular science.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容；从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. 36
Learn all that you can about your first day before the first school day. Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better. If parents are invited to the activities, take yours with you. Carefully look over all the materials (材料) you receive. 37
38 Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately.
Keep pace with your high school workload (工作量). If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. 39
There are more after-class activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, the students’ union, and sports teams. Make friends and take part in such school activities. 40 Ask someone in the school office about chances to take part in school activities if you don’t know how. This is a good time to do what you like and a chance to try new things. Who said school has to be all work and no play
A. There is no useful information.
B. Get the things you will need for class.
C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
D. Make sure of the location of the school’s buildings.
E. Consider private lessons to get you through a difficult time.
F. Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendship
G. In order to make your high school life easier, you can follow these tips.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When eight-year-old Adora Svitak sat down at a computer keyboard, her fingers flew. 56.__________ (type) 60 words a minute, she wrote down the stories 57.__________ stayed in her mind. But Adora didn’t keep her love of stories to 58.__________ (she). She shared it with kids all over the country, motivating them to read and write.
From her home in Redmond, Washington, Adora traveled to schools, talking to kids about reading and writing. She used her laptop to show how she made 59.__________ stories. She also brought stuffed animals to use as props, and she spoke of how the things around her inspired her story ideas.
In only eight months, this young writer had visited more than 2,000 students in ten schools. “Sometimes I am nervous when I face big crowds,” said Adora. “60.__________ (especial) if the children are 61.__________ (old) than me.” Her family’s 62.__________ (encourage) helped a lot. The writing tips Adora shared changed kid’s minds about writing. Kids who once thought, “I don’t want to write!” began to think, “If she can do it, 63.__________ can I.”
Adora knew that reading and writing helped us all to understand things better. “If people don’t read well,” she said, “we will 64.__________ (understand) each other.” Adora believed that “we are born with goodness in our hearts.” It was the goodness in her own heart that led her 65.__________ (share ) her love for reading and writing with other kids.
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你获悉你的美国网友Alice在前天学校举行的运动会上获得长跑比赛第一名。你打算给Alice写一封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：
1. 送去你真诚的祝贺；
2. 对于她的成功给予高度评价；
3. 说明Alice获胜的原因：
4. 希望Alice在各个方面继续努力，取得更大的成就。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alice,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A first haircut can often be scary for little kids. Seeing a stranger coming over you with a pair of scissors for the very first time can often leave children with a wrong first impression of something that most of us go through on a regular basis.
In a recent video shared by a barber (理发师), Jad Srour, attracted people’s special attention. In the video, Jude, a young boy of about four or five years old, could be seen experiencing his very first haircut. When the barber put the scissors to his hair, the boy couldn’t keep the tears any longer. As soon as Jude broke into tears, his mom, obviously feeling her son’s fear, was in tears as well. The barber stopped for a while so that the boy’s mom could try to calm him down. After the mom finally calmed her boy down, the barber continued though the boy still wasn’t entirely happy with his situation. Surprisingly, once the barber cut the boy long hair down, the young boy smiled, and the eyes focused on the hair and shone with tears.
The video of Jude’s haircut quickly spread. After seeing the boy’s reaction to having his long hair cut off, many social media users took to criticize (批评) the boy’s parents for putting him through something that obviously hurt him mentally.
Considering how upset the little boy seemed when the barber touched his hair, many users wondered whether the boy wanted to cut his hair. One person commented, “Why did he have to cut his hair when he was clearly in pain about it ” Other users even wondered why Jude’s parents let his hair get as long as it did. They even wrote, “Why let it get uncontrollably long ” “What a horrible thing to do to a child. Shameful.” Many comments seemed to be negative.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Jad told the story behind online.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
When Jude was just born, his parents happened to know on TV that many kids with cancer had lost their hair.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
高一英语答案
阅读理解21-23 AAD 24-27 DCBC 28-31 DCBA 32-35 CDBB 36-40 GDBEF
完形填空41-45 DA DAC 46-50 BDABB 51-55 CDACB
语法填空
56. Typing 57. that/which 58. herself 59. up 60. Especially
61. older 62. encouragement 63. so 64. misunderstand 65. to share
写作
第一节One possible version:
Dear Alice,
I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the championship in the long-distance running race at the school’s sports meeting held the day before yesterday! As your friend, I just want you to know how glad I am to hear about your success and I would like to sing high praise for your success.
As I know, you are really talented in long-distance running, but undoubtedly, you couldn’t have made such remarkable achievements without your continuous effort. More importantly, you showed persistence in the competition, which contributed to your final success.
I hope you will continue to work hard in all aspects and make greater achievements.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Then Jad told the story behind online. “First of all, he is a boy… It was Jude’s 5th birthday that day and it was the boy’s first haircut,” Jad said. In the following minutes, Jad said that it was actually Jude’s own idea to cut his hair, which was quite a good shock for people. He continued to uncover the facts. Jude didn’t cut before because it was his parents personal choice. Jude’s parents had let him grow his hair out for five years since he was born for a kind purpose.
When Jude was just boring his parents happened to know on TV that many kids with cancer had lost their hair. They decided to do something for those sick kids together with his newborn boy, Jude. As time went by and Jude grew up, Jude was told the plan by his parents. He was more than proud and delighted that he could donate his hair to kids in need. On his 5th birthday, he made a wish of helping others and decided it was time to cut his hair down. Although Jude was crying at the start of the haircut, he smiled and was happy for what he had done.
