2024年高一英语暑假作业之阅读理解（单选）（原卷版+解析版）

2024年高一英语暑假作业之阅读理解（单选）（解析版）
【课前小测】
阅读理解
Here are some wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click Here or visit wws.lfestival.Htm
SongKran — Thailand
Dates: 13th — 15th, April
In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people bead out to the streets with water guns to spray (喷洒) everyone who walks past. It’s a very important traditional celebration in the country.
Naghol — Vanuatu
Dates: Every Saturday from April to May
Every year, villagers come together to celebrate the harvest of yams (甘薯), an important part in the people’s diet in Vanuatu. The festival is most famous for its “land diving ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines (藤) tied to their feet.
Cherry Blossom Viewing — Japan
Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather.
The festival is well-known. The Japanese celebrate the days when the flowers finally blossom. Only a few days later, the petals (花瓣) fall to the ground, like pink snowflakes. That means the traditional festival only lasts for several days. In Japan, almost everyone has picnics in the parks to view the flowers.
Sinhalese New Year — Sri Lanka
Dates: 13th or 14th, April
Just like in many other countries in South East Asia, this is the time when people celebrate the traditional New Year, an ancient celebration which marks the end of the harvest season and is one of two times of the year when the sun is straight above Sri Lanka. There are a lot of delicious foods during the celebration.
1．What will most likely happen to a tourist walking in the street during SongKran in Thailand
A．He will get wet. B．He will hurt his feet.
C．He will be treated to delicious foods. D．He will see some petals falling.
2．Where can you go to see dangerous actions during the festival
A．Thailand. B．Vanuatu. C．Japan. D．Sri Lanka.
3．How is Cherry Blossom Viewing different from the other festivals
A．It is a traditional festival. B．It is a very famous festival.
C．Its date is different every year. D．It provides visitors with delicious foods.
4．Where are you most likely to find the text
A．On TV. B．In a report. C．On the Internet. D．In the newspaper.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍世界各地在春天举行的一些精彩的节日。
1．细节理解题。根据SongKran - Thailand部分“In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people bead out to the streets with water guns to spray (喷洒) everyone who walks past. It’s a very important traditional celebration in the country. (在泰国，人们庆祝一个名为宋干节的节日，人们手持水枪涌向街头，向路过的每一个人喷洒。这是这个国家非常重要的传统庆典。)”可知，在泰国的宋干节期间，游客走在大街上可以会被淋湿。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Naghol - Vanuatu部分“The festival is most famous for its “land diving ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines (藤) tied to their feet. (这个节日最著名的是它的“陆地跳水仪式”。仪式期间，男人和男孩们从高高的木塔上跳到地上，脚上只绑着两根细藤。)”可知，节日期间，游客可以在瓦努阿图看到危险的动作。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Cherry Blossom Viewing - Japan部分“Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather. (日期：每年的樱花季节因天气不同而不同。)”可知，樱花节和其他节日不同的地方在于它每年的日期都不一样。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are some wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click Here or visit wws.lfestival.Htm(以下是世界各地春季举行的一些精彩节日。如果你想了解更多信息，请点击此处或访问wws.lfestival.Htm)”可知，这篇文章很可能出现在网站上。故选C。
【知识对接】
接点1存在的问题
一、词汇量严重不足
根据我国现行课程标准，初中阶段要求的词汇量约为1600个，高中阶段约为3000个。词汇是语言学习的基础。词汇量严重不足以及对词汇的音、形、义、词性及构词法等方面的知识的欠缺，是刚升高中的学生普遍存在的问题。词汇量的不足使得学生在阅读英语材料时极易遇上阅读障碍，从而造成阅读教学衔接上的诸多问题。
二、没有养成良好的阅读习惯
有的学生没有养成良好的阅读习惯，只要碰到几个生词，就失去信心，无法继续阅读；有的学生在阅读时逐词逐句释义，效率极低，进入高中后就更无法适应大容量的高中英语课堂；还有的学生过分注重对词、句的理解而忽视了对篇章结构的把握等，这些都给高中阅读教学的推进带来了很多困难，也在很大程度上影响了高中英语的进一步学习。
三、逻辑思维不严密，篇章理解能力不强
初中阶段学生所阅读的文章篇幅都不长，且文章大多由简单句构成，易于理解。而高中的阅读语篇在长度上有所增加，且难度上加大了很多，学生在阅读过程中，经常出现过分概括、无据推断、因果关系错误或前后矛盾等逻辑推理错误，即缺乏思考判断能力和综合分析能力。
四、阅读数量不足，阅读质量不高
初中英语新教材容量大且课程紧凑，学生的阅读量和阅读时间经常得不到保证。同时，由于缺乏系统的阅读教学计划，阅读教学显得杂乱无序。许多初中教师虽然重视学生阅读能力的培养，意识到这对提高学生的综合语言运用能力具有重要意义，但他们的重视仅限于硬性分派任务，每天一篇或一周几篇，学生做完即可，不讲究质量，不探究学生理解文章的程度，不认真设计阅读课的教学，认为学生多读文章阅读能力自然就会提高。这直接导致高一新生的英语阅读数量不足、阅读质量不高等问题。
接点2基本题型及题型特征
基 本 题 型 及 题 型 特 征 主旨大意题 主要考查对阅读材料的中心思想的概括能力。其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想或大意等
细节理解题 主要考查对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解能力。这一题型常见的命题方式：事实认定题、排序题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等
推理判断题 主要考查根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意的能力。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题
词义推断题 主要考查根据上下文猜测生词的能力，要求根据句子结构、上下文或构词法推断词义
接点3初高中英语阅读衔接策略探讨
一、准确把握初高中英语阅读特点及教学要求
初中英语课程具有较强的叙述性，高中英语课程则更注重逻辑性。根据初高中英语阅读课程的各自特点，教育部组织编写的《英语课程标准》对初、高中毕业生应达到的英语阅读水平分别做了具体规定：初中英语阅读教学重视对学生基础语言知识和基本语言技能的基本题型及题型特征培养，重视对阅读内容的理解，关注学生获取有效信息的能力；而高中英语阅读教学除了以上要求，更强调对学生进行阅读方法的指导和阅读技能的训练，更关注他们处理阅读材料中不同信息的过程和整合相关信息的能力，同时着力培养学生情感与态度等，从而逐步提高学生对英语语言的理解力和掌控力。
二、多角度提高词汇把握水平，多渠道增加词汇量
词汇量是提高英语阅读能力的基础和前提。从质量上来说，初中阶段的学生只需了解一个单词最基本的音、形、义即可，而到了高中阶段，学生在掌握单词基本的音、形、义的基础上，还要了解它的词性、在句中的各种灵活用法以及一词多义等现象。从数量上来讲，学生除了要掌握课本要求的单词，还要通过学习构词法来扩大词汇量，如care、careful、carefulness、carefully、careless、carelessly等。此外，学生还要充分利用各种机会扩展词汇量：从平时的课外阅读材料中精选出常见而又未出现在教材中的词汇进行识记，积累有关当前热点事件以及自己感兴趣的话题的词汇，并通过写作巩固单词用法并扩大词汇量。
三、养成良好的阅读习惯
对于外语初学者来说，在阅读外语文字材料的时候，回读是经常发生的，但这不仅浪费时间，而且影响对语篇的整体理解。学生阅读时要注重文章大意，不深究细节，更不要在只言片语上长时间滞留，要调动已掌握的知识与经验去领悟作者的意图，掌握中心思想和篇章结构。为了提高阅读能力，学生应以意群为单位，而非以单词或短语为单位，要根据意群，一组一组地进行扫视，被收纳的是信息，而不是一个个的单词。这需要学生在大量的阅读训练中有意识地培养。定时阅读是解决以上难题的较好方法。学生可根据自己的英语水平、阅读材料的长难度和题材等规定阅读时间，从时间上约束自己，迫使自己定时定量地达到阅读目标，以利于培养整体理解、快速阅读的能力。另外，在阅读中遇到生词是极为正常的，在初高中阶段的阅读材料中出现2%~3%的生词是大纲对学生阅读能力的要求，因此学生不要一遇到生词就查字典或因有生词而失去阅读信心。
四、加强课内外阅读，重视对典型阅读材料的学习
首先，利用好课本资源。课本文章都是精选，所以学生应尽量熟读、背诵。其次，学会对材料多维利用：做过的完形填空练习，把答案填入空格，可能是一篇美文；阅读理解的文章、听力原文、作文的参考范文等也都可能是一些值得仔细品味、熟读和背诵的好文章、好段落，学生可以对其进行记忆和积累。学生还可以从网上下载一些新颖的时文材料，包括新闻、小说、诗歌、散文等体裁的文章，也可从优秀的报刊上选择优秀材料进行阅读学习，这样不仅能加强对异国文化背景知识的了解与掌握，还拓展了科技动态、时事新闻等多种文体的阅读，获取了新信息，增长了新知识，形成了新思维，从而有助于语言知识运用和阅读理解、分析能力的提高。
【难点突破】
突破1主旨大意题解题技巧
解答阅读理解题的一个非常重要的技巧就是在阅读中迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意。要领悟文章的主旨大意，就需要学生具备归纳和概括等方面的能力，而这种归纳和概括能力又常常是考试中考查的重点。
文章或段落的主旨概括题常见的设问形式：
1. The main idea of the passage/text is_________.
2.The text/passage is mainly about_________.
3. What does the passage mainly discuss
4. Which of the following best expresses the main idea
5.The main point of the passage is_________.
6.The best headline for this article would be_________.
7.Which of the following is the best title of the article
8.What is the topic of the text
9.The main purpose of the story is to tell us_________.
方法指导
文章(或段落)的构成有其内在的规律性，其中心思想往往是通过主题句来体现的。学生对以下四种情况首先要有所了解，然后通过一系列有意识的训练去掌握它们。
一、主题句在篇(或段)首
这种结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别(或特殊)的步骤，即先概述，然后用细节加以说明。
二、主题句在篇(或段)尾
这种结构的文章(或段落)通常是用归纳法撰写的，作者往往先描述细节或交代论据，最后做出概括性的结论，以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般，由特殊性到共性。
三、主题句在中间
有些主题句既不在篇(或段)首，也不在篇(或段)尾，而是处于篇章(或段落)的中间。
这类结构包括三个层次：引题－主题思想－解释或继续给予例证。从它的写作程序来看，也可分为三部曲：归纳－结论－演绎，即给出一两个例证之后，做出概括性的总结，然后再给予例证来证实其论点。
四、没有主题句
没有主题句的篇章(或段落)并不是没有主题思想。它们的主题思想不是由具体的某句话表示的，而是在文中含蓄地存在着，需要学生自已总结。这种结构通常叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。
总之，正确理解文章或段落的主题思想是阅读的首要目的。提高识别文章结构并准确找出主题句的能力和准确总结出无主题句文章的主题思想的能力，是提高阅读理解能力的重要环节。而从无主题句的文章中总结出主题思想是考试的重点，也是平常阅读训练中难度较大的一项。因此，学生在阅读任何文章时，都要下意识地总结其主旨大意。
突破2细节理解题解题技巧
只有准确理解全部细节，我们才能深刻而又全面地领悟主题思想，因为段落中的细节都是用来阐明主旨大意的。因此，细节类的理解题既可检测学生对主旨大意理解的深度，又可检测他们对每个细节准确领会的广度。在阅读试题过程中，查找主要事实或特定细节题型常见的设问形式：
1.Which of the following statements is true/false
2.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage
3.All of the followings are true except_________.
4.The author/passage states that_________.
5.According to the passage, when...
细节理解题有六大类型：
1.直接信息题：在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who、what、when、where、why和how等提问。
2.语意转换题：有时需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者形式不同，但意义不变。
3.逻辑排序题：学生可以先找出最先发生和最后发生的事件的时间，并分别把它们作为事件发生的起点和终点，然后使用排除法将范围逐渐缩小。
4.数字计算题：解答此类试题的方法是先理解题意和文意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等得出正确答案。
5.图形理解题：在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图形中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来描述的，学生可以根据图片信息找出正确答案。
6.是非判断题：这类试题要求学生确定与原文信息一致或不一致的选项。学生应首先明确题干要求，然后在原文中进行细节定位，最后仔细推敲，锁定答案。
方法指导
细节题针对不同的文章和不同的细节，可以有不同的设问。细节题是阅读理解题中最简单的。只要能看懂文章和题干，就能在原文中找到明显的线索。
我们读文章时，一定要读懂文章的基本内容，包括主要事实和各个细节。主要事实指文章中对于主题具有典型意义的重要事实，这是文章的基本框架。细节是构成主要事实的局部因素或充实事实的例子、数据等。细节理解题的解题线索都可以在文章中找到。但是，要注意的是，题目一般都是转变方式进行提问的。归纳起来，设问方法一般有隐含提问法、真伪证实法和迂回提问法。
一、隐含提问法
出题者使用同义词、参照词、代词等，使学生对阅读内容和问题产生模糊感。
二、真伪证实法
出题者要求学生确定文章中的事实，不会使设问直接与文章中的事实对应，或者会设计出似是而非或完全错误的选项让学生去判断。对于这类题目，学生不要根据自己读文章的最初印象快速做出判断，而必须找到与问题相关联的文章部分，找出确定的事实，并据此选出符合题意的选项。
三、迂回提问法
这又是一种设置障碍的提问技巧。问题不直接提出，而是绕着弯子提出的。比如，涉及时间、距离及数据等时，学生必须经过计算才能确定答案。有时，选项中的数据与文章中的数据不符，或者题目只给出一部分事实，让学生推出相应的事实。
突破3推理判断题解题技巧
推理判断题在阅读理解中属于难题。该题型要求学生在理解语篇的基础上，从文章所提供的信息的各个方面出发，抓住关键词、句，运用逻辑思维、借助常识并结合文字信息理解文章的深层含义或寓意。推理判断题在高考英语考试中是考查最多的题型。
通过研究近几年的高考真题我们可以总结出：推理判断题可以通过某个具体的句子让学生理解其话语之外的深层含义，也可以通过整篇文章让学生揣摩作者的言外之意和其真正的写作意图，还可以通过某个具体问题让学生琢磨作者的观点态度，有时甚至还让你对文章的体裁和来源做出判断。学生做这种题时切不可脱离语篇主旨和作者意图做无根据的猜测。考查推理判断题时，通常是以下设问形式：
1.We can conclude that_________.
2.We may infer that_________.
3. The author suggests that_________.
4.The story implies that_________.
5.What the author really means is_________.
6. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
7.According to the passage, you can see_________.
8. It can be seen from the passage that_________.
9.The passage suggests that_________.
考查对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时常见的设问形式：
1.What does the author think of...
2.How does the author feel about,..
3.What's the tone of the author
方法指导
要看清题意和题目要求，还要在阅读时注意收集各种线索，捕捉与之有关的信息。另外，在选择答案时应根据题意要求选择最契合原文内容的一个选项。做题时应保持清醒的头脑，从文章给出的事实和逻辑两个方面去推理判断。当遇到问及作者的观点、态度的考题时，首先要通读全文，对文章的写作风格有所了解，尤其要仔细领会文章的主题思想，因为它通常能表露出作者的写作基调。其次要注意作者在描述事物、表达观点时遣词造句的方式，因为在表达个人看法时，作者往往会用一些带有个人感彩或褒贬分明的词汇。
一、借助常识进行推理判断
众所周知，常识是人们普遍认可与赞同的观点，是准确无误的信息。因此利用常识可进行推理判断，并且快速高效。
二、对文章的体裁和来源做出判断
考试大纲要求：体裁避免单一化，应包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。
做题时应根据文章的写作特点和叙述的故事内容、评论等来判断文章的体裁。判断其来源时要留心文章的话题和体裁。一篇体育事件的报道不可能取材于科学杂志，一篇虚构的故事类记叙文也不可能来自新闻报道。通常这类问题的设问形式有以下几种：
1.This selection(节选)might be some parts of a book concerned with_________.
2. This passage might be taken out of a book dealing with_________.
3.Where did this passage most probably appear
4.These extracts(摘录)are probably taken from_________.
三、对文章后面的内容做出判断和预测
这要求学生对文章接下来将要谈及的内容做出判断或预测。
由于有些材料是节选出来的文章，因此要准确做出判断并非易事。这就要求学生在看文章时要带着问题去阅读。
突破4 词义推断题解题技巧
高考对学生推测词义的能力是非常重视的。这就要求学生在阅读时要通过上下文的内容做出合乎逻辑的推理。在必要时做一些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。一般说来，这种题型的题干部分含有mean、replace等词。学生做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于熟悉的词千万不要妄自断定，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。
词义推断题是近几年高考阅读理解题中经常出现的题型，在数量上通常至少有1道题。词义推断题常见的设问形式：
1,The phrase "..." in Paragraph 1 could be replaced by_________.
2.The word "..." in Paragraph 2 refers to_________.
3.What is the meaning of the underlined word “…”in Paragraph 2 / What does the underlined word“…”mean
4.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “…”
5.The word "..." most probably means_________.
方法指导
近年来高考英语阅读理解题中词义推断题主要考查生词的词义推断、熟词的新义推断和普通词汇的特殊意义推断。
一、根据语境、逻辑推断生词的词义
生词词义的推断题主要考查学生利用语境、逻辑来推断特定语境中生词意义的能力。解题时应充分利用上下文，找出特定生词所在语境，然后借助转折、条件、因果、递进、对比、并列、让步等逻辑关系正确推断其含义。
二、根据原始含义和所在语境推断熟词的新义
英语词汇的词义丰富，搭配灵活，一些熟词在特定语境中常产生新含义。
1.有些新含义与原含义没有联系，需要借助上下文进行推断。
2.有些新含义既与原含义联系密切又体现新特点，只有结合原含义和新语境进行系统判断、综合考虑，才能准确推断。
三、根据语境、逻辑推断普通词汇的特殊含义
一些常见而又普通的词汇在特殊语境中有特殊的含义，解题时应认真阅读，仔细分析特定词汇所在的语境，弄清作者的写作意图，从而正确推断该词的真正含义。
【达标训练】
阅读理解
A
Some Interesting and Fun Things for You This Term
English Club
For the first-grade students
Time: Tuesday afternoon and Friday evening
Place: Room 301
Tele: 77459312
Math Exam
For the third-grade students
Time: on Monday, September 23rd
Place: Room 306
PS: Top 10 will get a surprise
A Talk
For all students
Time: 14:30—16:30, October 25th
Place: in the school hall
Topic: How to Learn English Well
Singing Competition
For the second-grade students
Time: on Friday, December 27th
Place: in the music room
Tele: 58172352
1．How often do the English club members practice spoken English
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week.
C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week.
2．How many students will get a surprise after the math exam
A．4. B．10. C．20. D．306.
3．Where can the text be seen
A．In a park. B．In a shop. C．In a hospital. D．In a school.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了本学期给学生的四项有趣的活动。
1．细节理解题。根据English Club部分中“Time: Tuesday afternoon and Friday evening (时间：周二下午和周五晚上)”可知，英语俱乐部的成员每周练习两次。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Math Exam部分中“Top 10 will get a surprise (前10名同学会得到一个惊喜)”可知，在数学测试后会有10个学生得到惊喜。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据本文标题“Some Interesting and Fun Things for You This Term (本学期给你的一些有趣的事情)”可知，文章所讲的四项有趣的活动是学校对学生的活动安排。由此可推断，在学校里能看到这篇文章。故选D。
B
Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list.
Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature.
If you’re interested in visiting the Hand of the Desert, take Route 26 or 28 from Antofagasta, a port city in northern Chile. The sculpture is located between mile markers 1309 and 1310 and can be reached from either direction. The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away.
Visitors should take precautions (预防措施) before leaving, such as filling their gas tanks, packing plenty of water, and wearing sunscreen. They should also avoid driving too quickly, as many car accidents occur in the desert each year.
For those who are nervous about driving alone, working with an agency like Plan South America is a good choice. The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant.
4．What makes the Hand of the Desert a famous attraction
A．Its height and material. B．Its location and. designer.
C．Its building time and local support. D．Its design and meaning.
5．What can we know about from paragraph 3
A．The sculpture can be reached very easily.
B．The sculpture can be seen from far away.
C．The sculpture is protected by the government.
D．The sculpture attracts millions of visitors every year.
6．What can we infer about Harry Hastings
A．He built the sculpture “Hand of the Desert”. B．He gave the financial support to the sculpture.
C．He speaks highly of the sculpture. D．He likes driving alone to visit the sculpture.
7．Where can the passage probably be taken from
A．A science fiction. B．A magazine. C．A fairy tale. D．A book review.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍智利的著名景点Mano del Desierto，即“沙漠之手”。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature. (这只手的雕塑高11米，由铁和水泥制成，从阿塔卡马沙漠的沙子中出现，阿塔卡马被称为极地以外世界上最干燥的沙漠。这座雕塑由马里奥·伊拉拉扎巴尔于20世纪80年代初创作，由当地一家非营利组织资助。这座雕塑不仅在设计上令人印象深刻，而且在传达的信息上也令人印象深刻。许多人认为，这只手代表着人类的软弱和无助，以及他们克服困难的力量和决心。它反映了人类的状况以及我们与自然的关系。)”可知，“沙漠之手”之所以有名是因为它独特的设计和意义。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away. (沙漠的平坦使得从远处很容易看到这座雕塑。)”可知，从远处就可以看到这座雕塑。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant. (该机构的创始人哈里·黑斯廷斯表示，他总是试图与前往沙漠的客人一起参观这座雕塑，称其为具有文化和视觉意义的“重要地标”。)”可知，哈里·黑斯廷斯对这个雕塑高度评价。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list. (智利以其众多的景点而闻名。如果你计划参观，一定要把“Mano del Desierto”即“沙漠之手”添加到你的必看名单中。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍智利的著名景点“沙漠之手”，所以它很可能摘自于旅行杂志。故选B。
C
Years ago, I bought a blouse. That same day, I considered putting it on, but for no particular reason decided not to. That weekend, I again considered wearing the blouse, but the occasion didn’t seem special enough, so again, I passed. Fast forward to today. I have never worn that blouse.
What happened here Why do people own so many unused possessions, treating them as though they are too special to use To find out, I ran an experiment in which participants imagined buying a bottle of wine. We had half of the participants imagine considering opening it one night, but deciding not to. Then when we measured how special the wine seemed, and participants intentions to open it later we found that those who had imagined holding off on opening it were in fact less likely to intend to open it later. When asked the reason, most assumed they were waiting for a future occasion to open it a more special occasion.
Why do people fall into this mental trap Prior research points to a recipe for what psychologists term “specialness spirals”. When you give up using something, if you believe that you are waiting to use it, the possession will start to feel more special. And as you search for the right occasion day after day it becomes more tempting (吸引人的) to hold out for a future occasion. The less you use it, though, the more special it feels, and the cycle continues. Ultimately, the likelihood (可能性) of using the possession becomes rarer and rarer. The more this happens, the more stuff you have lying around.
How can you fight specialness spirals Try committing in advance to using an item on a specific occasion. When buying a dress, tell yourself you’ll wear it this weekend. Or when purchasing a candle, plan to light it that day. This strategy encourages you to actually enjoy your possessions.
8．Why has the author’s blouse sat unworn for many years
A．She forgot where it was put. B．She soon grew to dislike it.
C．She had no other clothes to match it. D．She failed to find a right occasion to wear it.
9．What were the participants asked to do in the experiment
A．Discuss how to deal with the wine. B．List reasons for drinking the wine.
C．Decide whether to drink the wine. D．Evaluate the quality of the wine.
10．What can we learn about specialness spirals
A．They result from an optimistic attitude to the future.
B．They help explain the psychology of delayed rewards.
C．They can attract people into shopping traps.
D．They can lead to a collection of unused stuff.
11．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To describe a purchase experience. B．To explain a psychological phenomenon.
C．To criticize a wrong consumption concept. D．To encourage people to prepare for a rainy day.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过作者自身经历引入并解释一种心理现象——为什么人们会拥有许多未使用过的物品，并将它们视为过于特别而不愿使用，即“特殊螺旋”效应，并提出对抗这一现象的策略。
8．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Years ago, I bought a blouse. That same day, I considered putting it on, but for no particular reason decided not to. That weekend, I again considered wearing the blouse, but the occasion didn’t seem special enough, so again, I passed. Fast forward to today. I have never worn that blouse. (几年前，我买了一件衬衫。就在同一天，我考虑穿上它，但没有什么特别的原因，我决定不穿。那个周末，我又考虑穿这件衬衫，但这个场合似乎不够特别，所以我又没穿。快进到今天。我从来没穿过那件衬衫。)”可知，作者多次考虑穿上这件衬衫，但都觉得场合不够特别，所以一直没有穿，这表明她没有找到合适的时机去穿它。故选D。
9．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“To find out, I ran an experiment in which participants imagined buying a bottle of wine. We had half of the participants imagine considering opening it one night, but deciding not to. Then when we measured how special the wine seemed, and participants intentions to open it later we found that those who had imagined holding off on opening it were in fact less likely to intend to open it later. When asked the reason, most assumed they were waiting for a future occasion to open it a more special occasion. (为了找出答案，我做了一个实验，让参与者想象自己买了一瓶葡萄酒。我们让一半的参与者想象有一天晚上考虑打开它，但最终决定不打开。然后，当我们测量葡萄酒的特殊程度，以及参与者稍后打开它的意愿时，我们发现，那些想象过要推迟打开它的人，实际上不太可能打算稍后打开它。当被问及原因时，大多数人认为他们是在等待未来一个更特殊的场合打开它。)”可知，在实验中，参与者被要求想象购买了一瓶酒，并想象考虑是否在某个晚上打开它。这意味着他们的任务是决定是否饮用这瓶酒。故选C。
10．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Prior research points to a recipe for what psychologists term “specialness spirals”. When you give up using something, if you believe that you are waiting to use it, the possession will start to feel more special. And as you search for the right occasion day after day it becomes more tempting (吸引人的) to hold out for a future occasion. The less you use it, though, the more special it feels, and the cycle continues. Ultimately, the likelihood (可能性) of using the possession becomes rarer and rarer. The more this happens, the more stuff you have lying around. (先前的研究指出了心理学家所说的“特殊螺旋”的秘诀。当你放弃使用某样东西时，如果你相信你在等着用它，那么拥有它就会开始觉得更特别。当你日复一日地寻找合适的机会时，你就会更容易坚持等待未来的机会。然而，你越少使用它，它就越有特殊的感觉，如此循环往复。最终，使用所有权的可能性变得越来越少。这种情况发生得越多，你周围的东西就越多。)”可知，“特殊螺旋”指的是人们因期待更特殊场合而不断推迟使用某物品的心理现象，这会导致物品越积越多却未被使用。故选D。
11．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Years ago, I bought a blouse. That same day, I considered putting it on, but for no particular reason decided not to. That weekend, I again considered wearing the blouse, but the occasion didn’t seem special enough, so again, I passed. Fast forward to today. I have never worn that blouse. (几年前，我买了一件衬衫。就在同一天，我考虑戴上它，但没有什么特别的原因，我决定不戴。那个周末，我又考虑穿这件衬衫，但这个场合似乎不够特别，所以我又没穿。快进到今天。我从来没穿过那件衬衫。)”可知，文章的主要目的是通过作者自身经历引入并解释一种心理现象——为什么人们会拥有许多未使用过的物品，并将它们视为过于特别而不愿使用，即“特殊螺旋”效应，并提出对抗这一现象的策略。故选B。
D
On the bustling streets of Sydney, Australia, Dong Min, a young Chinese woman, dressed in elegant Chinese traditional clothing — hanfu, gracefully holds a dizi, the bamboo flute of China, fascinating passersby with the melodies of traditional Chinese music.
Dong Min, a talented musician was born in 1990. Seeing a female performer playing the bamboo flute on TV fired her interest in this Chinese traditional instrument at the age of 8. Soon her interest blossomed into talent. At the age of 10, winning a provincial-level Chinese musical instrument competition earned her one of only four spots for further studies in Beijing. After graduating from Minzu University of China with a major in Chinese bamboo flute in 2015, she enrolled at the University of New South Wales in Australia to study cultural leadership where she initiated street performances, featuring Chinese traditional instruments. One year later, she formed a band and founded the Sydney Meya Institute of Chinese Music to teach various Chinese traditional instruments to more people.
Apart from street performances and her institution, Dong also offers online dizi lessons to a global audience and organizes online exchange concerts for her students worldwide. “Our students range from 4-year-olds to 80-year-olds, reflecting the timeless appeal of Chinese music across generations,” Dong said.
Her effort paid off eventually. Her performances grew in popularity. Many audiences traveled all the way from cities like Melbourne and Brisbane to Sydney just to attend her performances.” Many music schools now offer courses on Chinese instruments. I hope to create a platform for music enthusiasts to connect and cultivate friendships through their shared love for music. Thus, we can not only raise awareness of Chinese traditional music in Australia but also share the richness of Chinese culture through music with the international audience.” Dong Min said.
12．Which of the following is true
A．Dong Min founded the institution at 26.
B．Dong Min taught dizi through street performances.
C．Dong Min majored in Chinese bamboo flute in Australia.
D．Dong Min wished to gain popularity through her performances.
13．How is paragraph 2 mainly developed
A．By analyzing reasons. B．By providing examples.
C．By making comparisons. D．By following time order.
14．Which of the following can best describe Dong Min
A．Brave and humorous. B．Gifted and passionate.
C．Creative and stubborn. D．Patient and experienced.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Chinese Traditional Music: From China to Australia.
B．Bamboo Flute: Chinese Instrument Shared in Australia.
C．Dong Min: A Culture Messenger Bridging Cultures through Music.
D．Dong Min: A Talented Chinese Girl Spreading Chinese Instruments.
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要报道了一位才华横溢的中国音乐家董敏在悉尼街头表演中国传统乐器笛子，吸引很多人驻足，她还创办机构教授中国各种各样的中国传统乐器，促进了文化交流和音乐教育。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dong Min, a talented musician was born in 1990.(董敏出生于1990年，是一位才华横溢的音乐家)”和“After graduating from Minzu University of China with a major in Chinese bamboo flute in 2015, she enrolled at the University of New South Wales in Australia to study cultural leadership where she initiated street performances, featuring Chinese traditional instruments. One year later, she formed a band and founded the Sydney Meya Institute of Chinese Music to teach various Chinese traditional instruments to more people.(2015年从中央民族大学中国竹笛专业毕业后，她进入澳大利亚新南威尔士大学学习文化领导力，在那里她发起了以中国传统乐器为特色的街头表演。一年后，她组建了一支乐队，并创办了悉尼梅亚中国音乐学院，向更多人教授各种中国传统乐器)”可知，董敏2016年，即26岁时创办了该机构，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dong Min, a talented musician was born in 1990.(董敏出生于1990年，是一位才华横溢的音乐家)”、“at the age of 8(8岁时)”、“At the age of 10(10岁时)”、“After graduating from Minzu University of China with a major in Chinese bamboo flute in 2015(2015年从中央民族大学中国竹笛专业毕业后)”以及“One year later(一年后)”可知，本段是按照时间顺序展开的，故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dong Min, a talented musician was born in 1990.(董敏出生于1990年，是一位才华横溢的音乐家)”、“she initiated street performances, featuring Chinese traditional instruments. One year later, she formed a band and founded the Sydney Meya Institute of Chinese Music to teach various Chinese traditional instruments to more people.(她发起了以中国传统乐器为特色的街头表演。一年后，她组建了一支乐队，并创办了悉尼梅亚中国音乐学院，向更多人教授各种中国传统乐器)”和最后一段中“I hope to create a platform for music enthusiasts to connect and cultivate friendships through their shared love for music.(我希望为音乐爱好者创造一个平台，让他们通过对音乐的共同热爱来联系和培养友谊)”可知，董敏有才华且对笛子充满热情，故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Thus, we can not only raise awareness of Chinese traditional music in Australia but also share the richness of Chinese culture through music with the international audience.(这样，我们不仅可以提高澳大利亚对中国传统音乐的认识，还可以通过音乐与国际观众分享中国文化的丰富内涵)”可知，文章主要报道了一位才华横溢的中国音乐家董敏在悉尼街头表演中国传统乐器笛子，吸引很多人驻足，她还创办机构教授中国各种各样的中国传统乐器，促进了文化交流和音乐教育，C项“董敏：以音乐沟通文化的文化使者”为最佳标题，故选C。
【能力提升】
A
Recently a report was made public by NatureServe, a Virginia-based environmental group, which said 40 percent of animals and 34 percent of plants in the United States are at risk of disappearing.
The group examined data from over 1,000 scientists in the United States and Canada, using 50 years of information on the health of animals, plants and ecosystems. The report provided pictures and maps of areas that are unprotected and where animals and plants are most threatened.
Sean O’Brien, president of NatureServe, said what the report showed was dreadful. For example, among the species (物种) at risk of extinction is the Venus flytrap, a plant that “eats” insects. The report said it is only found in the wild in a few places in the states of North and South Carolina. The report also said 200 species of trees might die out and that America’s large northern grasslands are among the ecosystems most threatened. The main threats to plants, animals and ecosystems include environmental destruction (破坏), land-use change, river pollution, and climate change, according to the report.
California, Texas and the southeastern United States are where the highest percentages of plants, animals and ecosystems are at risk. Those areas have many different forms of life. Wesley Knapp, head plant scientist at NatureServe, said those parts of America haven’t seen much population growth in recent years. Knapp said lawmakers usually do not provide as much money for protecting plants as they do for animals. He hoped the data could guide state and area officials in creating effective State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP) to protect endangered species.
Now $50 million nationwide is shared among all states to carry out their SWAP. If the Recovering America’s Wildlife Act was passed, it would increase that amount to $ 1.4 billion. Knapp said the bill would have better served the protection of plants and animals.
1．What can we infer about the environmental group
A．It has been running for 50 years. B．It has saved 40 kinds of animals.
C．It put much effort into the report. D．It just protects threatened plants.
2．Which is the closest in meaning to “dreadful” in paragraph 3
A．Pleasant. B．Similar. C．Common. D．Terrible.
3．What did Knapp expect of the data
A．It could play an active role. B．It may cover all the species.
C．It might help reduce the cost. D．It will take the place of SWAP.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．The Protection by Law Making Sense B．Many US Animals and Plants at Risk
C．State Wildlife Action Plan on the Way D．NatureServe Working for a Green World
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述环保组织NatureServe公布的一份报告显示美国很多动植物濒临灭绝。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The group examined data from over 1,000 scientists in the United States and Canada, using 50 years of information on the health of animals, plants and ecosystems.(该小组研究了来自美国和加拿大1000多名科学家的数据，使用了50年来有关动物、植物和生态系统健康的信息)”可推断，为撰写这份报告，该环保组织付出了很多努力。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据画线词后“For example, among the species (物种) at risk of extinction is the Venus flytrap, a plant that “eats” insects. The report said it is only found in the wild in a few places in the states of North and South Carolina. The report also said 200 species of trees might die out and that America’s large northern grasslands are among the ecosystems most threatened.(例如，在濒临灭绝的物种中，捕蝇草是一种‘吃’昆虫的植物。该报告称，它只在北卡罗来纳州和南卡罗来纳州的几个地方被发现。报告还说，200种树木可能会灭绝，美国北部的大草原是最受威胁的生态系统之一)”可推断，报告显示的情况很糟糕，由此可推知，画线词义与terrible的意思最接近。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Knapp said lawmakers usually do not provide as much money for protecting plants as they do for animals. He hoped the data could guide state and area officials in creating effective State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP) to protect endangered species.(自然保护区首席植物科学家Wesley Knapp说，美国这些地区近年来人口增长不大。Knapp说，立法者通常不会像保护动物那样为保护植物提供那么多的资金。他希望这些数据可以指导州和地区官员制定有效的州野生动物行动计划(SWAP)来保护濒危物种)”可知，Knapp希望该组织公布的数据能发挥积极作用。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Recently a report was made public by NatureServe, a Virginia-based environmental group, which said 40 percent of animals and 34 percent of plants in the United States are at risk of disappearing.(最近，总部位于弗吉尼亚州的环保组织NatureServe公布了一份报告，称美国40%的动物和34%的植物面临灭绝的危险)”可知，环保组织NatureServe公布的一份报告显示美国很多动植物濒临灭绝。故选B。
B
If you ask children the question, “Where does your food come from ” Their answer probably is “the kitchen” or “the grocery store”. Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.
“Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says. The result was the formation of the Annapurna Rice Library — a center preserving native seeds and all things ‘rice’.
As a boy, Mahan was a curious reader. “I always had curiosity about things and wanted to get a PhD,” he recalls. Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.
“Our family was humble. While I wanted to study more, the money was an issue,” he adds. Things became even harder when Mahan’s father passed away. “I was completing my graduation and was heartbroken. However, I also had to look after my family. Studying further was out of the question, so I decided to do agriculture like my father for a living,” he says.
Mahan could have decided to go for traditional farming, but instead, he decided to research alongside. “I went online to look for papers on farming and seed saving. For the library, I have 500 types of seeds preserved there,” he says. Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan. It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. However, the lower yield (产量) per hectare has been the reason why the farmers do not prefer to grow the rice.
For the last 15 years, Mahan has operated his library on his own funds. “I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.
5．What inspired Mahan to set up the Annapurna Rice Library
A．The expectation from his father. B．The lack of grain varieties in India.
C．The great demand for more native seeds. D．The public ignorance of rice seed protection.
6．What can we learn about Mahan from the text
A．He came from a family rich enough. B．He graduated from college with a PhD．
C．He dreamed to be an agricultural expert. D．He learned about farming from his father.
7．Why does Mahan like Bhao Dhan
A．Its delicious taste. B．Its high production.
C．Its growing popularity. D．Its good adaptive ability.
8．Which of the following can best describe Mahan
A．Devoted and determined. B．Generous and easygoing.
C．Courageous and humorous. D．Sensitive and open-minded.
【答案】5．D 6．D 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度农民Mahan Chandra Borah设立Annapurna稻米图书馆，旨在教育年轻人农业的重要性，并保存本土稻米种子的故事。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.(41岁的水稻种植户Mahan Chandra Borah对此表示担忧，并旨在教育年轻人了解农业在他的国家的重要性)”以及第二段的““Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says.(Mahan 说：“由于人们的无知，印度数百种水稻和其他作物灭绝了，我想为此做点什么。”)”可知，Mahan建立Annapurna稻米图书馆的灵感来源于公众对于稻米种子保护的无知导致了许多稻米和其他作物品种的灭绝。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.(Mahan的大部分时间都花在阅读和帮助他父亲在田地里劳作。他说：“和他一起在田里干活是我学到农业知识的方式。”)”可知，Mahan是从他的父亲那里学习到了有关农业的知识。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan . It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. (Mahan说他最喜欢的水稻品种是Bhao Dhan。它的性质非常坚韧，可以很容易地适应阿萨姆邦容易发生洪水的自然环境)”可知，他喜欢Bhao Dhan是因为它具有很好的适应能力，能很好地适应阿萨姆邦易发洪水的环境。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段的““I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.(他说：“我管理着我的家庭，维护着图书馆。资金短缺已经成为一个问题，但我正在设法管理，我相信我会克服困难，让它活下去。”)”以及全文对Mahan的描述可知，Mahan Chandra Borah设立Annapurna稻米图书馆，旨在教育年轻人农业的重要性，并保存本土稻米种子，尤其是他在面对资金短缺的情况下仍然坚持运营图书馆，可以看出他既甘于奉献又意志坚定。故选A。2024年高一英语暑假作业之阅读理解（单选）（原卷版）
【课前小测】
阅读理解
Here are some wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click Here or visit wws.lfestival.Htm
SongKran — Thailand
Dates: 13th — 15th, April
In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people bead out to the streets with water guns to spray (喷洒) everyone who walks past. It’s a very important traditional celebration in the country.
Naghol — Vanuatu
Dates: Every Saturday from April to May
Every year, villagers come together to celebrate the harvest of yams (甘薯), an important part in the people’s diet in Vanuatu. The festival is most famous for its “land diving ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines (藤) tied to their feet.
Cherry Blossom Viewing — Japan
Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather.
The festival is well-known. The Japanese celebrate the days when the flowers finally blossom. Only a few days later, the petals (花瓣) fall to the ground, like pink snowflakes. That means the traditional festival only lasts for several days. In Japan, almost everyone has picnics in the parks to view the flowers.
Sinhalese New Year — Sri Lanka
Dates: 13th or 14th, April
Just like in many other countries in South East Asia, this is the time when people celebrate the traditional New Year, an ancient celebration which marks the end of the harvest season and is one of two times of the year when the sun is straight above Sri Lanka. There are a lot of delicious foods during the celebration.
1．What will most likely happen to a tourist walking in the street during SongKran in Thailand
A．He will get wet. B．He will hurt his feet.
C．He will be treated to delicious foods. D．He will see some petals falling.
2．Where can you go to see dangerous actions during the festival
A．Thailand. B．Vanuatu. C．Japan. D．Sri Lanka.
3．How is Cherry Blossom Viewing different from the other festivals
A．It is a traditional festival. B．It is a very famous festival.
C．Its date is different every year. D．It provides visitors with delicious foods.
4．Where are you most likely to find the text
A．On TV. B．In a report. C．On the Internet. D．In the newspaper.
【知识对接】
接点1存在的问题
一、词汇量严重不足
根据我国现行课程标准，初中阶段要求的词汇量约为1600个，高中阶段约为3000个。词汇是语言学习的基础。词汇量严重不足以及对词汇的音、形、义、词性及构词法等方面的知识的欠缺，是刚升高中的学生普遍存在的问题。词汇量的不足使得学生在阅读英语材料时极易遇上阅读障碍，从而造成阅读教学衔接上的诸多问题。
二、没有养成良好的阅读习惯
有的学生没有养成良好的阅读习惯，只要碰到几个生词，就失去信心，无法继续阅读；有的学生在阅读时逐词逐句释义，效率极低，进入高中后就更无法适应大容量的高中英语课堂；还有的学生过分注重对词、句的理解而忽视了对篇章结构的把握等，这些都给高中阅读教学的推进带来了很多困难，也在很大程度上影响了高中英语的进一步学习。
三、逻辑思维不严密，篇章理解能力不强
初中阶段学生所阅读的文章篇幅都不长，且文章大多由简单句构成，易于理解。而高中的阅读语篇在长度上有所增加，且难度上加大了很多，学生在阅读过程中，经常出现过分概括、无据推断、因果关系错误或前后矛盾等逻辑推理错误，即缺乏思考判断能力和综合分析能力。
四、阅读数量不足，阅读质量不高
初中英语新教材容量大且课程紧凑，学生的阅读量和阅读时间经常得不到保证。同时，由于缺乏系统的阅读教学计划，阅读教学显得杂乱无序。许多初中教师虽然重视学生阅读能力的培养，意识到这对提高学生的综合语言运用能力具有重要意义，但他们的重视仅限于硬性分派任务，每天一篇或一周几篇，学生做完即可，不讲究质量，不探究学生理解文章的程度，不认真设计阅读课的教学，认为学生多读文章阅读能力自然就会提高。这直接导致高一新生的英语阅读数量不足、阅读质量不高等问题。
接点2基本题型及题型特征
基 本 题 型 及 题 型 特 征 主旨大意题 主要考查对阅读材料的中心思想的概括能力。其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想或大意等
细节理解题 主要考查对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解能力。这一题型常见的命题方式：事实认定题、排序题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等
推理判断题 主要考查根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意的能力。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题
词义推断题 主要考查根据上下文猜测生词的能力，要求根据句子结构、上下文或构词法推断词义
接点3初高中英语阅读衔接策略探讨
一、准确把握初高中英语阅读特点及教学要求
初中英语课程具有较强的叙述性，高中英语课程则更注重逻辑性。根据初高中英语阅读课程的各自特点，教育部组织编写的《英语课程标准》对初、高中毕业生应达到的英语阅读水平分别做了具体规定：初中英语阅读教学重视对学生基础语言知识和基本语言技能的基本题型及题型特征培养，重视对阅读内容的理解，关注学生获取有效信息的能力；而高中英语阅读教学除了以上要求，更强调对学生进行阅读方法的指导和阅读技能的训练，更关注他们处理阅读材料中不同信息的过程和整合相关信息的能力，同时着力培养学生情感与态度等，从而逐步提高学生对英语语言的理解力和掌控力。
二、多角度提高词汇把握水平，多渠道增加词汇量
词汇量是提高英语阅读能力的基础和前提。从质量上来说，初中阶段的学生只需了解一个单词最基本的音、形、义即可，而到了高中阶段，学生在掌握单词基本的音、形、义的基础上，还要了解它的词性、在句中的各种灵活用法以及一词多义等现象。从数量上来讲，学生除了要掌握课本要求的单词，还要通过学习构词法来扩大词汇量，如care、careful、carefulness、carefully、careless、carelessly等。此外，学生还要充分利用各种机会扩展词汇量：从平时的课外阅读材料中精选出常见而又未出现在教材中的词汇进行识记，积累有关当前热点事件以及自己感兴趣的话题的词汇，并通过写作巩固单词用法并扩大词汇量。
三、养成良好的阅读习惯
对于外语初学者来说，在阅读外语文字材料的时候，回读是经常发生的，但这不仅浪费时间，而且影响对语篇的整体理解。学生阅读时要注重文章大意，不深究细节，更不要在只言片语上长时间滞留，要调动已掌握的知识与经验去领悟作者的意图，掌握中心思想和篇章结构。为了提高阅读能力，学生应以意群为单位，而非以单词或短语为单位，要根据意群，一组一组地进行扫视，被收纳的是信息，而不是一个个的单词。这需要学生在大量的阅读训练中有意识地培养。定时阅读是解决以上难题的较好方法。学生可根据自己的英语水平、阅读材料的长难度和题材等规定阅读时间，从时间上约束自己，迫使自己定时定量地达到阅读目标，以利于培养整体理解、快速阅读的能力。另外，在阅读中遇到生词是极为正常的，在初高中阶段的阅读材料中出现2%~3%的生词是大纲对学生阅读能力的要求，因此学生不要一遇到生词就查字典或因有生词而失去阅读信心。
四、加强课内外阅读，重视对典型阅读材料的学习
首先，利用好课本资源。课本文章都是精选，所以学生应尽量熟读、背诵。其次，学会对材料多维利用：做过的完形填空练习，把答案填入空格，可能是一篇美文；阅读理解的文章、听力原文、作文的参考范文等也都可能是一些值得仔细品味、熟读和背诵的好文章、好段落，学生可以对其进行记忆和积累。学生还可以从网上下载一些新颖的时文材料，包括新闻、小说、诗歌、散文等体裁的文章，也可从优秀的报刊上选择优秀材料进行阅读学习，这样不仅能加强对异国文化背景知识的了解与掌握，还拓展了科技动态、时事新闻等多种文体的阅读，获取了新信息，增长了新知识，形成了新思维，从而有助于语言知识运用和阅读理解、分析能力的提高。
【难点突破】
突破1主旨大意题解题技巧
解答阅读理解题的一个非常重要的技巧就是在阅读中迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意。要领悟文章的主旨大意，就需要学生具备归纳和概括等方面的能力，而这种归纳和概括能力又常常是考试中考查的重点。
文章或段落的主旨概括题常见的设问形式：
1. The main idea of the passage/text is_________.
2.The text/passage is mainly about_________.
3. What does the passage mainly discuss
4. Which of the following best expresses the main idea
5.The main point of the passage is_________.
6.The best headline for this article would be_________.
7.Which of the following is the best title of the article
8.What is the topic of the text
9.The main purpose of the story is to tell us_________.
方法指导
文章(或段落)的构成有其内在的规律性，其中心思想往往是通过主题句来体现的。学生对以下四种情况首先要有所了解，然后通过一系列有意识的训练去掌握它们。
一、主题句在篇(或段)首
这种结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别(或特殊)的步骤，即先概述，然后用细节加以说明。
二、主题句在篇(或段)尾
这种结构的文章(或段落)通常是用归纳法撰写的，作者往往先描述细节或交代论据，最后做出概括性的结论，以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般，由特殊性到共性。
三、主题句在中间
有些主题句既不在篇(或段)首，也不在篇(或段)尾，而是处于篇章(或段落)的中间。
这类结构包括三个层次：引题－主题思想－解释或继续给予例证。从它的写作程序来看，也可分为三部曲：归纳－结论－演绎，即给出一两个例证之后，做出概括性的总结，然后再给予例证来证实其论点。
四、没有主题句
没有主题句的篇章(或段落)并不是没有主题思想。它们的主题思想不是由具体的某句话表示的，而是在文中含蓄地存在着，需要学生自已总结。这种结构通常叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。
总之，正确理解文章或段落的主题思想是阅读的首要目的。提高识别文章结构并准确找出主题句的能力和准确总结出无主题句文章的主题思想的能力，是提高阅读理解能力的重要环节。而从无主题句的文章中总结出主题思想是考试的重点，也是平常阅读训练中难度较大的一项。因此，学生在阅读任何文章时，都要下意识地总结其主旨大意。
突破2细节理解题解题技巧
只有准确理解全部细节，我们才能深刻而又全面地领悟主题思想，因为段落中的细节都是用来阐明主旨大意的。因此，细节类的理解题既可检测学生对主旨大意理解的深度，又可检测他们对每个细节准确领会的广度。在阅读试题过程中，查找主要事实或特定细节题型常见的设问形式：
1.Which of the following statements is true/false
2.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage
3.All of the followings are true except_________.
4.The author/passage states that_________.
5.According to the passage, when...
细节理解题有六大类型：
1.直接信息题：在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who、what、when、where、why和how等提问。
2.语意转换题：有时需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者形式不同，但意义不变。
3.逻辑排序题：学生可以先找出最先发生和最后发生的事件的时间，并分别把它们作为事件发生的起点和终点，然后使用排除法将范围逐渐缩小。
4.数字计算题：解答此类试题的方法是先理解题意和文意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等得出正确答案。
5.图形理解题：在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图形中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来描述的，学生可以根据图片信息找出正确答案。
6.是非判断题：这类试题要求学生确定与原文信息一致或不一致的选项。学生应首先明确题干要求，然后在原文中进行细节定位，最后仔细推敲，锁定答案。
方法指导
细节题针对不同的文章和不同的细节，可以有不同的设问。细节题是阅读理解题中最简单的。只要能看懂文章和题干，就能在原文中找到明显的线索。
我们读文章时，一定要读懂文章的基本内容，包括主要事实和各个细节。主要事实指文章中对于主题具有典型意义的重要事实，这是文章的基本框架。细节是构成主要事实的局部因素或充实事实的例子、数据等。细节理解题的解题线索都可以在文章中找到。但是，要注意的是，题目一般都是转变方式进行提问的。归纳起来，设问方法一般有隐含提问法、真伪证实法和迂回提问法。
一、隐含提问法
出题者使用同义词、参照词、代词等，使学生对阅读内容和问题产生模糊感。
二、真伪证实法
出题者要求学生确定文章中的事实，不会使设问直接与文章中的事实对应，或者会设计出似是而非或完全错误的选项让学生去判断。对于这类题目，学生不要根据自己读文章的最初印象快速做出判断，而必须找到与问题相关联的文章部分，找出确定的事实，并据此选出符合题意的选项。
三、迂回提问法
这又是一种设置障碍的提问技巧。问题不直接提出，而是绕着弯子提出的。比如，涉及时间、距离及数据等时，学生必须经过计算才能确定答案。有时，选项中的数据与文章中的数据不符，或者题目只给出一部分事实，让学生推出相应的事实。
突破3推理判断题解题技巧
推理判断题在阅读理解中属于难题。该题型要求学生在理解语篇的基础上，从文章所提供的信息的各个方面出发，抓住关键词、句，运用逻辑思维、借助常识并结合文字信息理解文章的深层含义或寓意。推理判断题在高考英语考试中是考查最多的题型。
通过研究近几年的高考真题我们可以总结出：推理判断题可以通过某个具体的句子让学生理解其话语之外的深层含义，也可以通过整篇文章让学生揣摩作者的言外之意和其真正的写作意图，还可以通过某个具体问题让学生琢磨作者的观点态度，有时甚至还让你对文章的体裁和来源做出判断。学生做这种题时切不可脱离语篇主旨和作者意图做无根据的猜测。考查推理判断题时，通常是以下设问形式：
1.We can conclude that_________.
2.We may infer that_________.
3. The author suggests that_________.
4.The story implies that_________.
5.What the author really means is_________.
6. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
7.According to the passage, you can see_________.
8. It can be seen from the passage that_________.
9.The passage suggests that_________.
考查对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时常见的设问形式：
1.What does the author think of...
2.How does the author feel about,..
3.What's the tone of the author
方法指导
要看清题意和题目要求，还要在阅读时注意收集各种线索，捕捉与之有关的信息。另外，在选择答案时应根据题意要求选择最契合原文内容的一个选项。做题时应保持清醒的头脑，从文章给出的事实和逻辑两个方面去推理判断。当遇到问及作者的观点、态度的考题时，首先要通读全文，对文章的写作风格有所了解，尤其要仔细领会文章的主题思想，因为它通常能表露出作者的写作基调。其次要注意作者在描述事物、表达观点时遣词造句的方式，因为在表达个人看法时，作者往往会用一些带有个人感彩或褒贬分明的词汇。
一、借助常识进行推理判断
众所周知，常识是人们普遍认可与赞同的观点，是准确无误的信息。因此利用常识可进行推理判断，并且快速高效。
二、对文章的体裁和来源做出判断
考试大纲要求：体裁避免单一化，应包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。
做题时应根据文章的写作特点和叙述的故事内容、评论等来判断文章的体裁。判断其来源时要留心文章的话题和体裁。一篇体育事件的报道不可能取材于科学杂志，一篇虚构的故事类记叙文也不可能来自新闻报道。通常这类问题的设问形式有以下几种：
1.This selection(节选)might be some parts of a book concerned with_________.
2. This passage might be taken out of a book dealing with_________.
3.Where did this passage most probably appear
4.These extracts(摘录)are probably taken from_________.
三、对文章后面的内容做出判断和预测
这要求学生对文章接下来将要谈及的内容做出判断或预测。
由于有些材料是节选出来的文章，因此要准确做出判断并非易事。这就要求学生在看文章时要带着问题去阅读。
突破4 词义推断题解题技巧
高考对学生推测词义的能力是非常重视的。这就要求学生在阅读时要通过上下文的内容做出合乎逻辑的推理。在必要时做一些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。一般说来，这种题型的题干部分含有mean、replace等词。学生做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于熟悉的词千万不要妄自断定，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。
词义推断题是近几年高考阅读理解题中经常出现的题型，在数量上通常至少有1道题。词义推断题常见的设问形式：
1,The phrase "..." in Paragraph 1 could be replaced by_________.
2.The word "..." in Paragraph 2 refers to_________.
3.What is the meaning of the underlined word “…”in Paragraph 2 / What does the underlined word“…”mean
4.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “…”
5.The word "..." most probably means_________.
方法指导
近年来高考英语阅读理解题中词义推断题主要考查生词的词义推断、熟词的新义推断和普通词汇的特殊意义推断。
一、根据语境、逻辑推断生词的词义
生词词义的推断题主要考查学生利用语境、逻辑来推断特定语境中生词意义的能力。解题时应充分利用上下文，找出特定生词所在语境，然后借助转折、条件、因果、递进、对比、并列、让步等逻辑关系正确推断其含义。
二、根据原始含义和所在语境推断熟词的新义
英语词汇的词义丰富，搭配灵活，一些熟词在特定语境中常产生新含义。
1.有些新含义与原含义没有联系，需要借助上下文进行推断。
2.有些新含义既与原含义联系密切又体现新特点，只有结合原含义和新语境进行系统判断、综合考虑，才能准确推断。
三、根据语境、逻辑推断普通词汇的特殊含义
一些常见而又普通的词汇在特殊语境中有特殊的含义，解题时应认真阅读，仔细分析特定词汇所在的语境，弄清作者的写作意图，从而正确推断该词的真正含义。
【达标训练】
阅读理解
A
Some Interesting and Fun Things for You This Term
English Club
For the first-grade students
Time: Tuesday afternoon and Friday evening
Place: Room 301
Tele: 77459312
Math Exam
For the third-grade students
Time: on Monday, September 23rd
Place: Room 306
PS: Top 10 will get a surprise
A Talk
For all students
Time: 14:30—16:30, October 25th
Place: in the school hall
Topic: How to Learn English Well
Singing Competition
For the second-grade students
Time: on Friday, December 27th
Place: in the music room
Tele: 58172352
1．How often do the English club members practice spoken English
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week.
C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week.
2．How many students will get a surprise after the math exam
A．4. B．10. C．20. D．306.
3．Where can the text be seen
A．In a park. B．In a shop. C．In a hospital. D．In a school.
B
Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list.
Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature.
If you’re interested in visiting the Hand of the Desert, take Route 26 or 28 from Antofagasta, a port city in northern Chile. The sculpture is located between mile markers 1309 and 1310 and can be reached from either direction. The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away.
Visitors should take precautions (预防措施) before leaving, such as filling their gas tanks, packing plenty of water, and wearing sunscreen. They should also avoid driving too quickly, as many car accidents occur in the desert each year.
For those who are nervous about driving alone, working with an agency like Plan South America is a good choice. The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant.
4．What makes the Hand of the Desert a famous attraction
A．Its height and material. B．Its location and. designer.
C．Its building time and local support. D．Its design and meaning.
5．What can we know about from paragraph 3
A．The sculpture can be reached very easily.
B．The sculpture can be seen from far away.
C．The sculpture is protected by the government.
D．The sculpture attracts millions of visitors every year.
6．What can we infer about Harry Hastings
A．He built the sculpture “Hand of the Desert”. B．He gave the financial support to the sculpture.
C．He speaks highly of the sculpture. D．He likes driving alone to visit the sculpture.
7．Where can the passage probably be taken from
A．A science fiction. B．A magazine. C．A fairy tale. D．A book review.
C
Years ago, I bought a blouse. That same day, I considered putting it on, but for no particular reason decided not to. That weekend, I again considered wearing the blouse, but the occasion didn’t seem special enough, so again, I passed. Fast forward to today. I have never worn that blouse.
What happened here Why do people own so many unused possessions, treating them as though they are too special to use To find out, I ran an experiment in which participants imagined buying a bottle of wine. We had half of the participants imagine considering opening it one night, but deciding not to. Then when we measured how special the wine seemed, and participants intentions to open it later we found that those who had imagined holding off on opening it were in fact less likely to intend to open it later. When asked the reason, most assumed they were waiting for a future occasion to open it a more special occasion.
Why do people fall into this mental trap Prior research points to a recipe for what psychologists term “specialness spirals”. When you give up using something, if you believe that you are waiting to use it, the possession will start to feel more special. And as you search for the right occasion day after day it becomes more tempting (吸引人的) to hold out for a future occasion. The less you use it, though, the more special it feels, and the cycle continues. Ultimately, the likelihood (可能性) of using the possession becomes rarer and rarer. The more this happens, the more stuff you have lying around.
How can you fight specialness spirals Try committing in advance to using an item on a specific occasion. When buying a dress, tell yourself you’ll wear it this weekend. Or when purchasing a candle, plan to light it that day. This strategy encourages you to actually enjoy your possessions.
8．Why has the author’s blouse sat unworn for many years
A．She forgot where it was put. B．She soon grew to dislike it.
C．She had no other clothes to match it. D．She failed to find a right occasion to wear it.
9．What were the participants asked to do in the experiment
A．Discuss how to deal with the wine. B．List reasons for drinking the wine.
C．Decide whether to drink the wine. D．Evaluate the quality of the wine.
10．What can we learn about specialness spirals
A．They result from an optimistic attitude to the future.
B．They help explain the psychology of delayed rewards.
C．They can attract people into shopping traps.
D．They can lead to a collection of unused stuff.
11．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To describe a purchase experience. B．To explain a psychological phenomenon.
C．To criticize a wrong consumption concept. D．To encourage people to prepare for a rainy day.
D
On the bustling streets of Sydney, Australia, Dong Min, a young Chinese woman, dressed in elegant Chinese traditional clothing — hanfu, gracefully holds a dizi, the bamboo flute of China, fascinating passersby with the melodies of traditional Chinese music.
Dong Min, a talented musician was born in 1990. Seeing a female performer playing the bamboo flute on TV fired her interest in this Chinese traditional instrument at the age of 8. Soon her interest blossomed into talent. At the age of 10, winning a provincial-level Chinese musical instrument competition earned her one of only four spots for further studies in Beijing. After graduating from Minzu University of China with a major in Chinese bamboo flute in 2015, she enrolled at the University of New South Wales in Australia to study cultural leadership where she initiated street performances, featuring Chinese traditional instruments. One year later, she formed a band and founded the Sydney Meya Institute of Chinese Music to teach various Chinese traditional instruments to more people.
Apart from street performances and her institution, Dong also offers online dizi lessons to a global audience and organizes online exchange concerts for her students worldwide. “Our students range from 4-year-olds to 80-year-olds, reflecting the timeless appeal of Chinese music across generations,” Dong said.
Her effort paid off eventually. Her performances grew in popularity. Many audiences traveled all the way from cities like Melbourne and Brisbane to Sydney just to attend her performances.” Many music schools now offer courses on Chinese instruments. I hope to create a platform for music enthusiasts to connect and cultivate friendships through their shared love for music. Thus, we can not only raise awareness of Chinese traditional music in Australia but also share the richness of Chinese culture through music with the international audience.” Dong Min said.
12．Which of the following is true
A．Dong Min founded the institution at 26.
B．Dong Min taught dizi through street performances.
C．Dong Min majored in Chinese bamboo flute in Australia.
D．Dong Min wished to gain popularity through her performances.
13．How is paragraph 2 mainly developed
A．By analyzing reasons. B．By providing examples.
C．By making comparisons. D．By following time order.
14．Which of the following can best describe Dong Min
A．Brave and humorous. B．Gifted and passionate.
C．Creative and stubborn. D．Patient and experienced.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Chinese Traditional Music: From China to Australia.
B．Bamboo Flute: Chinese Instrument Shared in Australia.
C．Dong Min: A Culture Messenger Bridging Cultures through Music.
D．Dong Min: A Talented Chinese Girl Spreading Chinese Instruments.
【能力提升】
A
Recently a report was made public by NatureServe, a Virginia-based environmental group, which said 40 percent of animals and 34 percent of plants in the United States are at risk of disappearing.
The group examined data from over 1,000 scientists in the United States and Canada, using 50 years of information on the health of animals, plants and ecosystems. The report provided pictures and maps of areas that are unprotected and where animals and plants are most threatened.
Sean O’Brien, president of NatureServe, said what the report showed was dreadful. For example, among the species (物种) at risk of extinction is the Venus flytrap, a plant that “eats” insects. The report said it is only found in the wild in a few places in the states of North and South Carolina. The report also said 200 species of trees might die out and that America’s large northern grasslands are among the ecosystems most threatened. The main threats to plants, animals and ecosystems include environmental destruction (破坏), land-use change, river pollution, and climate change, according to the report.
California, Texas and the southeastern United States are where the highest percentages of plants, animals and ecosystems are at risk. Those areas have many different forms of life. Wesley Knapp, head plant scientist at NatureServe, said those parts of America haven’t seen much population growth in recent years. Knapp said lawmakers usually do not provide as much money for protecting plants as they do for animals. He hoped the data could guide state and area officials in creating effective State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP) to protect endangered species.
Now $50 million nationwide is shared among all states to carry out their SWAP. If the Recovering America’s Wildlife Act was passed, it would increase that amount to $ 1.4 billion. Knapp said the bill would have better served the protection of plants and animals.
1．What can we infer about the environmental group
A．It has been running for 50 years. B．It has saved 40 kinds of animals.
C．It put much effort into the report. D．It just protects threatened plants.
2．Which is the closest in meaning to “dreadful” in paragraph 3
A．Pleasant. B．Similar. C．Common. D．Terrible.
3．What did Knapp expect of the data
A．It could play an active role. B．It may cover all the species.
C．It might help reduce the cost. D．It will take the place of SWAP.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．The Protection by Law Making Sense B．Many US Animals and Plants at Risk
C．State Wildlife Action Plan on the Way D．NatureServe Working for a Green World
B
If you ask children the question, “Where does your food come from ” Their answer probably is “the kitchen” or “the grocery store”. Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.
“Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says. The result was the formation of the Annapurna Rice Library — a center preserving native seeds and all things ‘rice’.
As a boy, Mahan was a curious reader. “I always had curiosity about things and wanted to get a PhD,” he recalls. Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.
“Our family was humble. While I wanted to study more, the money was an issue,” he adds. Things became even harder when Mahan’s father passed away. “I was completing my graduation and was heartbroken. However, I also had to look after my family. Studying further was out of the question, so I decided to do agriculture like my father for a living,” he says.
Mahan could have decided to go for traditional farming, but instead, he decided to research alongside. “I went online to look for papers on farming and seed saving. For the library, I have 500 types of seeds preserved there,” he says. Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan. It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. However, the lower yield (产量) per hectare has been the reason why the farmers do not prefer to grow the rice.
For the last 15 years, Mahan has operated his library on his own funds. “I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.
5．What inspired Mahan to set up the Annapurna Rice Library
A．The expectation from his father. B．The lack of grain varieties in India.
C．The great demand for more native seeds. D．The public ignorance of rice seed protection.
6．What can we learn about Mahan from the text
A．He came from a family rich enough. B．He graduated from college with a PhD．
C．He dreamed to be an agricultural expert. D．He learned about farming from his father.
7．Why does Mahan like Bhao Dhan
A．Its delicious taste. B．Its high production.
C．Its growing popularity. D．Its good adaptive ability.
8．Which of the following can best describe Mahan
A．Devoted and determined. B．Generous and easygoing.
C．Courageous and humorous. D．Sensitive and open-minded.