阅读理解之记叙文
记叙文是指一种叙述事件的经过、人物的经历及表况的文章体裁，以写人、记事、写景状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式。
做题步骤
1. 快速浏览文章，读懂故事内容。
2. 从前往后读每个问题的题干，看清问题要求。
3. 根据问题再返回与其相关的文段部分查读原文，并写出答案。
答题技巧
1. 顺序作答。由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做。
2、查找线索。认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，在文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，在其前后句寻找答案线索。
3. 读懂作者意图。在解答主旨大意题、推理判断题或作者意图题的时候，根据作者意图，利用排除法，排除干扰选项，找出答案。
4. 把握文章主旨，猜测词义。对于词义猜测题，一定要通过对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握去判断，不可断章取义。
A
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. Nonetheless, she harboured her dream of being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie-lowering to the floor with bent knees-seemed to be out of the question. It took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. ”I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought. She attributes (归因) the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends. She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Leverton.
1. How did Leverton feel after taking her dance lesson
A. Tired. B. Confused. C. Shocked. D. Thrilled.
2. Why didn’t Leverton learn to dance she was young
A. Her family was badly off. B. She wasn’t able to leap high.
C. Her family laughed at her dream. D. She had to focus on classes.
3. What did dancing bring to Leverton
A. A team award. B. Money and fame.
C. Friendship and joy. D. A medical treatment.
4. What can we learn from Leverton’s story
A. Hard work pays off. B. Never too old to pursue dreams.
C. Interest is the key to success. D. Money isn’t everything.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒂娜·莱弗顿因为年少时家里比较贫穷，所以无法实现她的舞蹈梦。62岁时她开始学习芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句话“As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.(当我进门时，我发现脸上露出了笑容。从我开始的那一刻起，我就感觉像回家了)”可推知，莱弗顿上第一节芭蕾舞课时感觉很兴奋。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句话“Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to making a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. (可悲的是，她的父母负担不起芭蕾舞课，因为他们是第一代印度移民，在英国艰难谋生。她的父亲是伦敦地铁的火车司机，母亲做过两份清洁工作)”可知，莱弗顿小时候家境贫寒，父母的收入也不高，所以导致她小时候不能学跳舞。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句话“Dancing has also brought new friends. (跳舞也带来了新朋友)”以及倒数第二句话“And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling.(当然，还有快乐的感觉)”可知，芭蕾舞给莱弗顿带来了很多的朋友和乐趣。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，62岁时莱弗顿开始学习跳芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。她交了很多新朋友，而且从种获得了很多的乐趣。由此可推知，我们可以从莱弗顿的故事中学到“追求梦想永远不会太老”的道理。故选B。
B
In 2010, after six years of training and further six years on the wards, I resigned from my job as a junior doctor. My parents still haven’t forgiven me.
Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade. ________
It was, however, excellent news for my spare room, as I cleared out box after box of old paperwork, tearing files up fast. One thing I did rescue from the jaws of death was my training portfolio (档案袋). All doctors are recommended to log their clinical experience, in what’s known as reflective practice. On looking through this portfolio for the first time in years, my reflective practice seemed to involve going up to my hospital on-call room and writing down anything remotely interesting that had happened that day.
Among the funny and the dull, I was reminded of the long hours and the huge impact being a junior doctor had on my life. Reading back, it felt extreme and unreasonable in terms of what was expected of me, but at the time I’d just accepted it as part of the job. There were points where I wouldn’t have stepped back if an entry read “had to eat a helicopter today”.
Around the same time that I was reliving all this through my diaries, junior doctors in the here and now were coming under fire from politicians. I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor. Rather than shrugging my shoulders and ignoring the evidence, I decided I had to do something to redress the balance.
So here they are: the diaries I kept during my time in the NHS, verruca’s and all. What it’s like working on the front line, the consequences in my personal life, and how, one terrible day, it all became too much for me. (Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand, but you still watched Titanic knowing how that was going to play out.)
Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved. Unlike being a junior doctor, I won’t just drop you in the deep end and expect you to know exactly what you’re doing.
5. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2
A. But I found it a hard job to pick up my practice of medicine.
B. But I found it an easy task to turn over a new leaf in the long term.
C. But I found it a simple act to get involved in self-reflection as a junior doctor.
D. But I found it a big deal on an emotional level to permanently close this chapter of my life.
6. The author cleared out box after box of old paperwork so fast because________.
A. he was disappointed at being dismissed from the NHS
B. being removed from his position served his purpose
C. being rescued from the jaws of death discouraged him
D. he had promised to keep his patients’ personal information secret
7. Which of the following best explains “redress the balance” underlined in Paragraph 5
A. Argue with politicians.
B. Tell the full story of doctors.
C. Collect more solid evidence.
D. Win the support of the public.
8. What does the author intend to do by writing this article
A. Reveal what it means to be a junior doctor.
B. Inform readers of some medical knowledge.
C. Give some background information on a book.
D. Encourage more people to practice medicine.
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文是对作者的一本书的背景介绍。由作者不再当医生而被NHS除名引出作者对自己曾作为医生的经历的回顾和对初级医生的看法，作者认为他作为初级医生时，承受了极端和不合理的期望，作者希望通过这本书呈现给公众作为一名医生的真相。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.( 这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了)”并且结合选项中but表示转折可知，此处前后形成对比，同时结合下文可知作者并没有想重新继续从医。综上可推知，空处句子应为“但我发现永久地结束我生命中的这一章在情感层面上是一件大事”。故选D。
6. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.( 去年，医学委员会写信给我说他们要把我的名字从医疗登记簿上删除。这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了)”可知，作者并不为被除名而感到难受，结合后文作者对于作为一个初级医生的经历的态度是有所保留的，并且他决定把自己的经历写出来。由此可推知，作者如此迅速地清理了一箱又一箱的旧文件，因为被撤职正好达到了他的目的。故选B。
7. 词句猜测题。根据上文“I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor.(我不禁感到医生们都在努力让人们理解他们自己的观点（可能是因为他们一直都在工作），而令我震惊的是，公众并没有听到作为一名医生的真正含义)”可知，作者想呈现作为一个医生的真相，讲述医生的全部故事。由此可知，作者想要告知大家真正的故事，而不是耸耸肩，无视证据。故划线短语“redress the balance”意思为“讲述医生的全部故事”。故选B。
8. 推理判断题。文章中记叙了2010年，经过六年的培训和六年的病房工作，作者辞去了初级医生的工作。且回忆了自己作为初级医生的经历，认为一个初级医生必须达到一些极端的期望是不合理的，作者同时将自己的经历写到了自己的书中。根据第六段中“Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand(很抱歉之前我的书被剧透了)”以及最后一段中“Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved.(在此过程中，我将帮助您掌握医学术语，并提供有关每个工作所涉及的背景知识)”可知，作者是在对书的内容进行介绍，即作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一本书的背景资料。故选C。
A
When a Houston dad found out his eight-year-old son was being bullied, he didn’t get mad at the classmate who teased him. Instead, he talked with the so-called bully and realized that the boy was struggling, too.
Aubrey Fontenot’s son, Jordan, told him a boy named Tamarion was teasing him. Fontenot decided to sit down with his son and Tamarion to understand what was going on, and something unexpected happened.
Tamarion told Fontenot he was being teased at school, too. “I asked, ‘By who You are big. You are huge. Who is teasing you ’” the father said. “He said, ‘Just all the other kids, man. They are making fun of me.’” Fontenot learned that Tamarion was getting teased for his clothes and shoes — his clothes and shoes were old and dirty. Fontenot then spoke to the boy’s mother. “She kind of confirmed it,” Fontenot said. “And she said, ‘That’s the kind of situation.’”
He felt sympathetic to the young boy and wanted to help. So he asked Tamarion’s mom if he could take her son to do some shopping.
Fontenot posted videos of their trip to the mall on social media and they went viral. Tamarion eventually smiled, and then the two were laughing and singing together on their shopping trip. Just as if he were taking his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
Then, the dad united the two boys. He said it was awkward at first — just a day earlier, they didn’t get along well at school. But the two classmates started playing sports games together and soon became friends. It was not just about the clothes and shoes. Tamarion gained a friend in Jordan, and a mentor in his dad. Fontenot said he was also bullied when he was a child, so he knew it was important to listen to Tamarion’s story. He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together. “I wouldn’t say that was the goal, but that was the reward,” Fontenot said.
9. What was Fontenot’s attitude toward his son’s being bullied
A. Amazed and embarrassed. B. Angry and impatient.
C. Calm and sensible. D. Sad and discouraged.
10. What did Fontenot do to solve the problem of bullying
A. He turned to the school for help.
B. He made the two boys united and join together.
C. He asked Tamarion’s mother to settle the problem.
D. He ordered his son never to play with Tamarion again.
11. What can we know from the text
A. Fontenot communicated with Tamarion’s mother to know about him.
B. Jordan’s being bullied arose from his clothes and shoes.
C. Jordan and Tamarion got along well in the beginning.
D. Tamarion’s mother paid little attention to Tamarion.
【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲对于孩子在学校受到欺负时如何处理这种情况。该孩子的父亲了解到欺负他儿子的学生也受到别人欺负时，对这个小“恶霸”表示了同情，并为他买了衣服和鞋子，最后这两个孩子成了朋友。
9. 推理判断题。根据第一段“When a Houston dad found out his eight-year-old son was being bullied, he didn’t get mad at the classmate who teased him. Instead, he talked with the so-called bully and realized that the boy was struggling, too.(当休斯顿的一位父亲发现他八岁的儿子被欺负时，他没有对取笑他的同学生气。相反，他与所谓的恶霸交谈，意识到这个男孩也在挣扎)”可知，Fontenot对于Jordan在学校被欺负这件事的态度是冷静和理智的。故选C项。
10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Then, the dad united the two boys. He said it was awkward at first- just a day earlier, they didn’t get along well at school. But the two classmates started playing sports games together and soon became friends.(然后，父亲把两个男孩联合起来。他说刚开始的时候很尴尬，就在前一天，他们在学校相处得不好。但两个同学开始一起玩体育游戏，很快就成了朋友)”以及“He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together.(他选择了善良而不是愤怒，把两个男孩带到了一起)”可知，Fontenot通过把这两个孩子联合在一起解决了这个问题。故选B项。
11. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Fontenot then spoke to the boy’s mother. “She kind of confirmed it,” Fontenot said. “And she said, ‘That’s the kind of situation.’”(Fontenot随后与男孩的母亲交谈。“她有点证实了这一点，”丰特诺说。她说，‘就是这种情况。’”)”可知，Fontenot通过和Tamarion母亲的交流了解了该孩子的一些情况。故选A项。
B
I’m a talker. I’m into debating, gossiping and teasing. I solve problems by talking them through. This works perfectly well when I have people to talk to. Under lockdown, however, I’ve only had my partner, Peter. We not only lived, worked and traveled together, we socialized together, too. Under the first UK lockdown, our constant closeness began to feel uncomfortable.
For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk in the local park wasn’t doing the job. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike. Could we do a circular hike but walk in different directions This would give us the space and peace of a solo hike. It felt like a promising compromise, so I told him about it. He thought it was thoroughly silly but agreed to give it a try.
We started with a four-mile loop(环形)from Reeth. At the start, we parted ways. At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. Walking alone offers freedom and alone time, but here I was with my boyfriend nearby. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.
I sat on a rock and breathed out. That moment-with the weak sun through the clouds and the breeze blowing across makeshift(临时的)pools-felt extraordinary to me. I was born and raised in London and had never imagined leaving until I met an outdoors man(野外活动爱好者). Now, my former life as a city girl felt crazy. Realizing what I had gained, I felt the tension leave me. There, in the chilly air, I no longer needed to talk. The semi-solo hike gave us a shared experience with added room to breathe. I didn’t see Peter en route(在途中)but reunited back where we started, both of us sheepish(难为情的)but pleased. The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting.
12. Why did the author decide to do a semi-solo hike
A. To get rid of the lockdown. B. To find some individual space.
C. To meet more people to socialize. D. To seek the pleasure of reuniting
13. How did the author feel at the beginning of the hike
A. Curious. B. Thrilled. C. Unsatisfied. D. Relaxed.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Interest is the best teacher. B. Exercise helps increase confidence.
C. Living in the city limits our imagination. D. An appropriate distance creates happiness.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Hiking together B. Spending time apart
C. Taking exercise alone D. Reuniting with my partner
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和男朋友进行的半单人徒步，给了他们共同的体验，增加了呼吸的空间，增加了幸福感。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段“For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk in the local park wasn’t doing the job. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike.(十年来，我们第一次需要独处。我试图通过独自散步来实现这一点，但在当地的公园里走一小段路并不能达到目的。我考虑了一下我的选择，突然想到了一个主意：半单人徒步旅行。)”可知作者决定进行半单人徒步旅行是为了独处，找到一些个人空间，故选B。
13. 推理判断题。根据第三段“At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. Walking alone offers freedom and alone time, but here I was with my boyfriend nearby. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.( 一开始，我意识到我们的关系如此亲密，降低了吸引力。一个人走可以带来自由和独处的时间，但我和我附近的男朋友在一起。然而，随着我前进，我发现自己非常孤独。我设定了自己的节奏，我决定慢慢来。) ”可推断，一开始的时候作者不是很满意，故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting. (诚然，这种半单人徒步旅行在理论上是很愚蠢的，但对我来说，这是一条救生索。它给了我独处的时间，在这亲密无间的一年里，给了我团聚的喜悦。)”由此可推断，半单人徒步旅行给作者带来了喜悦，因此推断适当的距离可以创造幸福。故选D。
15. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章描述作者和男朋友在一起很久，作者觉得应该有独处的时间，于是进行半单人徒步旅行，这次经历给了他们共同的体验，增加了呼吸的空间，增加了幸福感。所以B选项“分开度过时间”符合主题大意，故选B。
A
Once a gentleman was travelling on a train. He felt thirsty and got off at a station in search of water. When he reached the water tap (水龙头), the train started. He ran back but missed it.
It was getting dark and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked the ticket office about the next train and was told it would be on the next day. So he decided to find a place for a day’s stay. He went to the nearby hotel to ask for a room but found none.
At last he reached a small house. He asked the owner whether he could stay in his house for a day. The owner immediately agreed, then served him food and gave him a room to stay. But he did not ask anything in return (作为回报).
At seven, the gentleman heard a knock at the door. The owner opened the door. The gentleman saw a man dressed in expensive clothes enter the house and asked the owner to pay his debts (债务).
The gentleman came to know that the owner was in need of money. The next morning he left a pack in the drawer of the room and went away. When the owner found the pack, he saw that there was a note written to him, which read: “You helped me but did not expect anything from me. Yesterday evening I heard the conversation between you and the stranger and learned that you were in need of money. This is what you need.”
16. Why did the gentleman have to stay for a night at the station
A. Because he had no ticket. B. Because he missed his train.
C. Because he was very thirsty. D. Because he saw his friend.
17. Where did the gentleman stay for the second night
A. At a hotel. B. At his friend’s home. C. In a small house. D. At the train station.
18. What happened that night？
A. A man came to the owner’s house for his money.
B. The gentleman left the owner’s house in a hurry.
C. The gentleman left the owner some money.
D. The owner was worried about his debts.
19. What’s the main idea of this passage
A. The gentleman had a bad luck in the train.
B. When you help others, others will help you, too.
C. The owner of the house had a poor life.
D. The stranger was a friend of the owner’s.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B
16. 由第一段中“He ran back but missed it”和第二段中“he decided to spend the night at the station”，可知选B。
17. 由第三段第一句以及下文可知第二天晚上，他在一个小房子里过夜，故选C。
18. 由第四段中“The gentleman saw a man dressed in expensive clothes enter the house and asked the owner to pay his debts (债务). ”可知选A。
19. 由全文可知小房子的主人帮助了文中的绅士却没有要任何回报，绅士得知小房子的主人欠债后，在离开时给小房子的主人留下一包钱。所以可推知文章主旨：乐于助人的人往往也会得到他人的帮助。故选B。
B
Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family. She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy. Well, almost everything. The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her. In fact, Jean is quite lonely.
So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ. She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life. She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.
Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ. His name was David and lived in San Francisco. David was full of stories and jokes. He and Jean had a common(共同的) interest in rock music and modern dance. So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time. Of course, they wanted to know more about each other. David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile. As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.
When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birthday. She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer. But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!
20. Jean spends a lot of her time on QQ because she is _______.
A. rich B. famous C. young D. lonely
21. Jean thought “David” was special because he _______.
A. made her quite happy on QQ B. was from San Francisco
C. sent her a picture of himself D. was tall and good-looking
22. When Jean and “David” met and introduced themselves to each other, who felt surprised
A. “David”. B. Both “David” and Jean. C. Jean. D. Neither “David” nor Jean.
23. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Don’t believe those you get to know on QQ so easily.
B. People don’t use their real names on QQ so often.
C. Don’t go to meet those you get to know on QQ.
D. People should tell their real names to others on QQ.
【答案】20. D 21. A 22. C 23. A
20. 由第一段中句子“In fact, Jean is quite lonely.”可知选D。
21. 由第三段可知：Jean认为David幽默风趣，在摇滚乐和现代舞上和她有共同的兴趣，他们可以在网上快乐地聊上几个小时。很显然David使得Jean很开心。故选A。
22. 文章的最后一句“she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!”告诉我们，当Jean发现她那特殊的朋友是一个12岁的小孩时，用了一个感叹号结尾，虽然作者没有直接说Jean感到惊讶，但是我们可以从这个标点符号推断出她的感觉应该是十分surprised(惊讶的)。
23. 本文讲述Jean交了个十分投缘的网友，后来却发现对方原来只是一个12岁的小男孩。通过这个故事，短文意在告诫人们不要轻易相信Q友，故选A。
2022年6月全国甲卷 D篇
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development.
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
3. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
4. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它
港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。
2022年1月浙江卷 A篇
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home,and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure,but 1,600 miles away.It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana,Washington and Oregon,she says proudly.If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.She travels in all weathers.She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming , heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father,she says.He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old,because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast,away from her parents,where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30,000 per year before tax.She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning.As autumn comes,she gets restless the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must handle alone,though.Merebeth says,"When I'm on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals."
1.Why did Merebeth change her job
A.She wanted to work near her home.
B.She was tired of working in the office.
C.Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D.Her former employer was out of business.
2.The word “wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to
A.make money. B.try various jobs.
C.be close to nature. D.travel to different places.
3.What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job
A.She has chances to see rare animals.
B.She works hard throughout the year.
C.She relies on herself the whole time.
D.She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】 1-3 DDC
解析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了Merebeth 由于公司破产失业后，在机缘巧合下成为宠物运送员，不仅帮助了动物，而且收获了旅行带来的精神自由。
第1题 细节事实题。根据文章第一段第三、四句--The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.可知原先公司破厂导致要找份新工作。与D 选项意思一致。故答案选D。
第2题 猜测词义题。根据第一段It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. 意思为：她很骄傲的说,这个工作带她到了全美国除蒙大拿,华盛顿,俄勒冈以外的所有的州。可知，她很喜欢到不同的地方旅行。以及第二段：This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. 遗传自她的父亲也喜欢探索新地方。故答案选D。
第3题 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数她自己说的话：When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited.可知，当她在路上的时候，就只依靠自己。她总是非常独立。故答案选C。阅读理解之记叙文
记叙文是指一种叙述事件的经过、人物的经历及表况的文章体裁，以写人、记事、写景状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式。
做题步骤
1. 快速浏览文章，读懂故事内容。
2. 从前往后读每个问题的题干，看清问题要求。
3. 根据问题再返回与其相关的文段部分查读原文，并写出答案。
答题技巧
1. 顺序作答。由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做。
2、查找线索。认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，在文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，在其前后句寻找答案线索。
3. 读懂作者意图。在解答主旨大意题、推理判断题或作者意图题的时候，根据作者意图，利用排除法，排除干扰选项，找出答案。
4. 把握文章主旨，猜测词义。对于词义猜测题，一定要通过对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握去判断，不可断章取义。
A
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. Nonetheless, she harboured her dream of being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie-lowering to the floor with bent knees-seemed to be out of the question. It took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. ”I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought. She attributes (归因) the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends. She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Leverton.
1. How did Leverton feel after taking her dance lesson
A. Tired. B. Confused. C. Shocked. D. Thrilled.
2. Why didn’t Leverton learn to dance she was young
A. Her family was badly off. B. She wasn’t able to leap high.
C. Her family laughed at her dream. D. She had to focus on classes.
3. What did dancing bring to Leverton
A. A team award. B. Money and fame.
C. Friendship and joy. D. A medical treatment.
4. What can we learn from Leverton’s story
A. Hard work pays off. B. Never too old to pursue dreams.
C. Interest is the key to success. D. Money isn’t everything.
B
In 2010, after six years of training and further six years on the wards, I resigned from my job as a junior doctor. My parents still haven’t forgiven me.
Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade. ________
It was, however, excellent news for my spare room, as I cleared out box after box of old paperwork, tearing files up fast. One thing I did rescue from the jaws of death was my training portfolio (档案袋). All doctors are recommended to log their clinical experience, in what’s known as reflective practice. On looking through this portfolio for the first time in years, my reflective practice seemed to involve going up to my hospital on-call room and writing down anything remotely interesting that had happened that day.
Among the funny and the dull, I was reminded of the long hours and the huge impact being a junior doctor had on my life. Reading back, it felt extreme and unreasonable in terms of what was expected of me, but at the time I’d just accepted it as part of the job. There were points where I wouldn’t have stepped back if an entry read “had to eat a helicopter today”.
Around the same time that I was reliving all this through my diaries, junior doctors in the here and now were coming under fire from politicians. I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor. Rather than shrugging my shoulders and ignoring the evidence, I decided I had to do something to redress the balance.
So here they are: the diaries I kept during my time in the NHS, verruca’s and all. What it’s like working on the front line, the consequences in my personal life, and how, one terrible day, it all became too much for me. (Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand, but you still watched Titanic knowing how that was going to play out.)
Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved. Unlike being a junior doctor, I won’t just drop you in the deep end and expect you to know exactly what you’re doing.
5. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2
A. But I found it a hard job to pick up my practice of medicine.
B. But I found it an easy task to turn over a new leaf in the long term.
C. But I found it a simple act to get involved in self-reflection as a junior doctor.
D. But I found it a big deal on an emotional level to permanently close this chapter of my life.
6. The author cleared out box after box of old paperwork so fast because________.
A. he was disappointed at being dismissed from the NHS
B. being removed from his position served his purpose
C. being rescued from the jaws of death discouraged him
D. he had promised to keep his patients’ personal information secret
7. Which of the following best explains “redress the balance” underlined in Paragraph 5
A. Argue with politicians.
B. Tell the full story of doctors.
C. Collect more solid evidence.
D. Win the support of the public.
8. What does the author intend to do by writing this article
A. Reveal what it means to be a junior doctor.
B. Inform readers of some medical knowledge.
C. Give some background information on a book.
D. Encourage more people to practice medicine.
A
When a Houston dad found out his eight-year-old son was being bullied, he didn’t get mad at the classmate who teased him. Instead, he talked with the so-called bully and realized that the boy was struggling, too.
Aubrey Fontenot’s son, Jordan, told him a boy named Tamarion was teasing him. Fontenot decided to sit down with his son and Tamarion to understand what was going on, and something unexpected happened.
Tamarion told Fontenot he was being teased at school, too. “I asked, ‘By who You are big. You are huge. Who is teasing you ’” the father said. “He said, ‘Just all the other kids, man. They are making fun of me.’” Fontenot learned that Tamarion was getting teased for his clothes and shoes — his clothes and shoes were old and dirty. Fontenot then spoke to the boy’s mother. “She kind of confirmed it,” Fontenot said. “And she said, ‘That’s the kind of situation.’”
He felt sympathetic to the young boy and wanted to help. So he asked Tamarion’s mom if he could take her son to do some shopping.
Fontenot posted videos of their trip to the mall on social media and they went viral. Tamarion eventually smiled, and then the two were laughing and singing together on their shopping trip. Just as if he were taking his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
Then, the dad united the two boys. He said it was awkward at first — just a day earlier, they didn’t get along well at school. But the two classmates started playing sports games together and soon became friends. It was not just about the clothes and shoes. Tamarion gained a friend in Jordan, and a mentor in his dad. Fontenot said he was also bullied when he was a child, so he knew it was important to listen to Tamarion’s story. He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together. “I wouldn’t say that was the goal, but that was the reward,” Fontenot said.
9. What was Fontenot’s attitude toward his son’s being bullied
A. Amazed and embarrassed. B. Angry and impatient.
C. Calm and sensible. D. Sad and discouraged.
10. What did Fontenot do to solve the problem of bullying
A. He turned to the school for help.
B. He made the two boys united and join together.
C. He asked Tamarion’s mother to settle the problem.
D. He ordered his son never to play with Tamarion again.
11. What can we know from the text
A. Fontenot communicated with Tamarion’s mother to know about him.
B. Jordan’s being bullied arose from his clothes and shoes.
C. Jordan and Tamarion got along well in the beginning.
D. Tamarion’s mother paid little attention to Tamarion.
B
I’m a talker. I’m into debating, gossiping and teasing. I solve problems by talking them through. This works perfectly well when I have people to talk to. Under lockdown, however, I’ve only had my partner, Peter. We not only lived, worked and traveled together, we socialized together, too. Under the first UK lockdown, our constant closeness began to feel uncomfortable.
For the first time in our 10 years together, we needed to be alone. I tried to manufacture this by going on walks on my own, but a short walk in the local park wasn’t doing the job. I considered my options and hit upon an idea: the semi-solo hike. Could we do a circular hike but walk in different directions This would give us the space and peace of a solo hike. It felt like a promising compromise, so I told him about it. He thought it was thoroughly silly but agreed to give it a try.
We started with a four-mile loop(环形)from Reeth. At the start, we parted ways. At first, I was aware of how close we were, which lessened the appeal. Walking alone offers freedom and alone time, but here I was with my boyfriend nearby. As I gained ground, however, I found myself very much alone. I set my own pace, and I decided to take my time.
I sat on a rock and breathed out. That moment-with the weak sun through the clouds and the breeze blowing across makeshift(临时的)pools-felt extraordinary to me. I was born and raised in London and had never imagined leaving until I met an outdoors man(野外活动爱好者). Now, my former life as a city girl felt crazy. Realizing what I had gained, I felt the tension leave me. There, in the chilly air, I no longer needed to talk. The semi-solo hike gave us a shared experience with added room to breathe. I didn’t see Peter en route(在途中)but reunited back where we started, both of us sheepish(难为情的)but pleased. The semi-solo hike is admittedly silly in theory, but for me it has been a lifeline. It has given me the gift of time alone and, in a year of constant closeness, the joy of reuniting.
12. Why did the author decide to do a semi-solo hike
A. To get rid of the lockdown. B. To find some individual space.
C. To meet more people to socialize. D. To seek the pleasure of reuniting
13. How did the author feel at the beginning of the hike
A. Curious. B. Thrilled. C. Unsatisfied. D. Relaxed.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Interest is the best teacher. B. Exercise helps increase confidence.
C. Living in the city limits our imagination. D. An appropriate distance creates happiness.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Hiking together B. Spending time apart
C. Taking exercise alone D. Reuniting with my partner
A
Once a gentleman was travelling on a train. He felt thirsty and got off at a station in search of water. When he reached the water tap (水龙头), the train started. He ran back but missed it.
It was getting dark and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked the ticket office about the next train and was told it would be on the next day. So he decided to find a place for a day’s stay. He went to the nearby hotel to ask for a room but found none.
At last he reached a small house. He asked the owner whether he could stay in his house for a day. The owner immediately agreed, then served him food and gave him a room to stay. But he did not ask anything in return (作为回报).
At seven, the gentleman heard a knock at the door. The owner opened the door. The gentleman saw a man dressed in expensive clothes enter the house and asked the owner to pay his debts (债务).
The gentleman came to know that the owner was in need of money. The next morning he left a pack in the drawer of the room and went away. When the owner found the pack, he saw that there was a note written to him, which read: “You helped me but did not expect anything from me. Yesterday evening I heard the conversation between you and the stranger and learned that you were in need of money. This is what you need.”
16. Why did the gentleman have to stay for a night at the station
A. Because he had no ticket. B. Because he missed his train.
C. Because he was very thirsty. D. Because he saw his friend.
17. Where did the gentleman stay for the second night
A. At a hotel. B. At his friend’s home. C. In a small house. D. At the train station.
18. What happened that night？
A. A man came to the owner’s house for his money.
B. The gentleman left the owner’s house in a hurry.
C. The gentleman left the owner some money.
D. The owner was worried about his debts.
19. What’s the main idea of this passage
A. The gentleman had a bad luck in the train.
B. When you help others, others will help you, too.
C. The owner of the house had a poor life.
D. The stranger was a friend of the owner’s.
B
Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family. She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy. Well, almost everything. The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her. In fact, Jean is quite lonely.
So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ. She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life. She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.
Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ. His name was David and lived in San Francisco. David was full of stories and jokes. He and Jean had a common(共同的) interest in rock music and modern dance. So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time. Of course, they wanted to know more about each other. David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile. As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.
When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birthday. She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer. But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!
20. Jean spends a lot of her time on QQ because she is _______.
A. rich B. famous C. young D. lonely
21. Jean thought “David” was special because he _______.
A. made her quite happy on QQ B. was from San Francisco
C. sent her a picture of himself D. was tall and good-looking
22. When Jean and “David” met and introduced themselves to each other, who felt surprised
A. “David”. B. Both “David” and Jean. C. Jean. D. Neither “David” nor Jean.
23. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Don’t believe those you get to know on QQ so easily.
B. People don’t use their real names on QQ so often.
C. Don’t go to meet those you get to know on QQ.
D. People should tell their real names to others on QQ.
2022年6月全国甲卷 D篇
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development.
D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
3. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
4. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
2022年1月浙江卷 A篇
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home,and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure,but 1,600 miles away.It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana,Washington and Oregon,she says proudly.If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.She travels in all weathers.She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming , heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father,she says.He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old,because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast,away from her parents,where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30,000 per year before tax.She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning.As autumn comes,she gets restless the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must handle alone,though.Merebeth says,"When I'm on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals."
1.Why did Merebeth change her job
A.She wanted to work near her home.
B.She was tired of working in the office.
C.Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D.Her former employer was out of business.
2.The word “wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to
A.make money. B.try various jobs.
C.be close to nature. D.travel to different places.
3.What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job
A.She has chances to see rare animals.
B.She works hard throughout the year.
C.She relies on herself the whole time.
D.She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
