2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末测试
考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选择题用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色中性笔将答案写在对应题目的答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 选择题(共50分)
一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)
第一节 阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection
4.8 out of 5 stars 11 ratings
See all formats and editions
Buy the Kindle Unlimited service for 7.62
A mysterious (神秘的) island. A hidden magical item (物品). And two unlikely friends that set out on a life-changing adventure (冒险). Ten-year-old Kai is excited to become one of Poseidon’s Protectors. But when a sea monster threatens (威胁) his island, Kai doubts (怀疑) he’s the right person for the job. Delphi wishes to find where she belongs (归属). But when you’re afraid of water, and your only friend is a sea lion, fitting in is not so easy. Join Kai and Delphi as they work together to save Pineapple Cove!
The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection includes: Poseidon’s Storm
Blaster, A Mermaid’s Promise, King of the Sea Protector’s Pledge
If you like reimagined mythology (神话), role model characters, and animal friends, then you’ll love Marina Bowman’s legendary (传奇的) stories. Get The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection to share the gift of imaginative adventure today!
Listening Length: 6 hours and 6 minutes
Author: Marina J. Bowman Language: English Publisher: Code Pineapple.
1．How many people have rated the collection
A．Four. B．Five. C．Ten. D．Eleven.
2．How can you get the Kindle edition of the collection
A．By downloading it for free. B．By buying the Kindle Unlimited.
C．By paying 16.75. D．By registering for the Audible trial.
3．What type of story is the collection
A．Adventure. B．Romance. C．Horror. D．Classical mythology.
4．What can we NOT learn about the series from the material
A．Its author. B．Its publisher. C．Its main characters. D．Its sales numbers.
B
Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friends. His teacher Mr. Brown noticed this. One day, he asked Larry to meet him after class.
Mr. Brown said, “I see that you don’t talk to anyone or show any interest in anything. What’s wrong ” Larry answered, “Sir, I have a very difficult life. I have to face some very sad incidents (事件) and I keep thinking about them. Because of this, I can’t focus (集中) my attention on anything and don’t even feel like talking to anyone.”
Mr. Brown listened carefully, thought for a while and said, “Would you like some lemonade (柠檬水) ” Larry felt a little surprised and nervously answered, “Yes, thank you!”
While preparing lemonade, Mr. Brown added more salt on purpose (故意) and kept the quantity (量) of sugar low. Larry made a strange face as soon as he drank a sip of that lemonade. Seeing this, Mr. Brown asked, “You don’t like it ”
“Um…it’s just that there is a bit too much salt in it,” Larry answered.
Mr. Brown stopped him, “Oh, it doesn’t matter. I will throw it away.” As the teacher was lifting the glass to take it away, Larry stopped him and said, “Sir, please don’t throw it away. If we put a little more sugar in the lemonade, it will be fine to drink.”
Hearing this, Mr. Brown said happily, “This is what I want to hear from you. To improve the taste of lemonade, we don’t need to remove the salt from it, and we can just add some sugar to it. Similarly, we cannot remove sad things that have already happened to us, but we can add sweetness of good experiences in our life. If you keep on crying about your past, neither your present will be right nor the future will be bright.”
Larry realized (意识到) his problem and promised to live a positive (积极的) life.
5．What does the underlined “ this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Larry had to face many sad things.
B．Larry couldn’t listen carefully in class.
C．Larry didn’t show any interest in anything
D．Larry was always silent and had no any friends.
6．Mr. Brown prepared some lemonade because ________.
A．Larry was thirsty B．it could help make Larry relaxed
C．Mr. Brown wanted to teach him a lesson D．Mr. Brown wanted to try its special taste
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Mr. Brown threw the lemonade away.
B．Mr. Brown wasn’t good at making lemonade.
C．Larry felt happy after drinking the lemonade.
D．Larry decided to focus on the sweetness of life.
8．What can we learn from the passage
A．We can improve the taste of the lemonade with more salt.
B．We can live a happier life if we see things from the bright side.
C．If we can’t do with the bad things in our life, we won’t be happy.
D．If we stop thinking about the sad incidents, difficulties will not go into our life.
C
China has long been known as a nation of rites (礼仪之邦). Chinese people behave politely
on any formal occasion, whether it is a wedding ceremony, a celebration party, or a banquet (宴席). The following basic Chinese table manners will help you generally master Chinese dinner manners.
One clear difference between Western and Eastern dining habits is portion (一份) size. While meals in Western restaurants are sized for individuals (个人), dishes offered in Chinese restaurants are meant to be shared. As such, food either comes in bite-sized pieces, or is prepared in a way that makes it easy to portion (分配) while being served to you on large plates.
As meals are shared, one may care about the degree of sanitation (卫生). It’s common to find communal chopsticks (公筷) placed with each dish. It is good manners to use the communal utensils in a public setting.
You may also notice that tables, especially those in larger dining rooms, are round and have a lazy Susan (more commonly known as “that rotating (旋转的) table on top of your table”). Besides efficiency (效率) purposes, circular tables stand for important meaning in Chinese culture. It means unity (团结) and presents dining as an event where family members get together. Before you spin the turntable to get to that delicious piece of duck, make sure that no one else is reaching for food! It’s impolite to spin the table just as someone is trying to pick up some food.
As mentioned above, Chinese restaurants often use round tables. In Western cultures, the host or the eldest family member often sits at the head of a long table. But what happens when the table is round
As a round table, the seat of honor (首位) is the one facing the door. The closer you are sitting next to that seat, the more important you are. In a setting where there is no doorway—outdoor dining, for example—the seat of honor would be the one facing east. In a banquet environment, the table of honor is usually the one sitting farthest away from the door.
The time at which the dining begins depends on the presence of party members. The suitable time to dig in is after the guest of honor, or the eldest member of the group, is seated and has begun their meal. Sometimes they will mean the start of a meal, by saying “吃吧” which means “Please eat”.
9．What should we do if we have meals in a public setting
A．Bring your own chopsticks from home. B．Use communal chopsticks to get food.
C．Use your own chopsticks to share food. D．Share the food with others’ chopsticks.
10．What does the underlined word “spin” in the passage mean
A．turn something around B．pull something nearer
C．pick something up D．move something away
11．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Why the table is round B．How can you find a seat
C．Which is the honor seat D．Who is the most important
12．How does the writer organize the article
A．In time order. B．From specific to general.
C．In space order. D．From general to specific.
D
If there is a glass half-filled with water, do you see it as half full instead of seeing it as half empty Do you believe that “Every cloud has a silver lining.” and that things mostly turn out (结果是) for the best Do you believe “Whatever will be, it will be.” If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist (乐观主义者). You may be more likely (可能的) to be successful at work and study.
But things don’t always turn out for the best. For example, you may believe “When one door closes, another door opens.” However, in the real life, sometimes when one door closes, another door slams (砰地关上) in your face. Then what would you think
Now a book called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism has come out. It believes that defensive pessimism (防御性的悲观主义) can lead to good results. Defensive pessimism is a way to manage fear and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for things by setting low goals (目标) for themselves. They carefully think about everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to do with these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor (心理学教授), says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they may also turn out to be very successful people. This is because they use their low opinion of the situation’s results to encourage themselves to perform (表现) better.”
Why is it likely for defensive pessimists to be successful This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists always prepare carefully and think about what might go wrong. They have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English which ask people to have a back-up plan. For
example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” and “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.”
Each coin has two sides. Whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist, there’re advantages (有利条件) and disadvantages. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are just a realist (现实主义者). Cheer up and be a defensive pessimist. You’re also likely to be as successful as an optimist.
13．The author describes the one with the opinion “When one door closes, another door opens.” as ________.
A．an optimist B．a realist C．a pessimist D．a professor
14．According to Lawrence Sanno, how do defensive pessimists achieve success
A．They use the final goal of each situation.
B．They use other people’s encouragement.
C．They use their own performance in work or study.
D．They use their low opinion of the situation’s results.
15．What does the underlined saying “This is not rocket science.” probably mean
A．It is difficult to believe. B．It is simple enough to understand.
C．It is a dangerous thing to do. D．It is an interesting thing to discuss.
16．What’s the passage mainly about
A．How to achieve success in life like others.
B．The danger of being an optimist.
C．Advantages of being defensive pessimists.
D．A book on defensive pessimism.
第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Ben and his family were on their first trip to the zoo. The main thing Ben wanted to do was to feed the parrots. His family went to the large birdcage (鸟笼) quickly. Most of the people were already inside. 17 When he got inside the cage, the zoo guide was telling everyone the rules about how to feed the birds.
“First, you get some apple pieces. 18 The most important rule is to keep the apple pieces clean. If any of the pieces fall to the ground, you need to throw it in one of the black bags.”
Everyone got apple pieces, and then the door was opened. Many green birds and blue birds flew out to eat apples. 19 The zoo guide said the red birds were new to the zoo. They still didn’t know how to eat from people’s hands then, but if people wanted to try to feed them, it was OK to do so.
Ben wanted to feed the new birds. He walked over to the birds and held out his hand. A bird climbed onto his finger and ate. The red birds watched it eating. 20 Soon, Ben had five red birds eating out of his hand. It was so interesting that he would always remember this trip to the zoo.
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．Then one of them flew to Ben’s arm to eat too.
B．Ben was worried because he wanted to be the first one in line.
C．This trip to the zoo was really boring.
D．Then you stand and wait for the birds to fly to you.
E．Ben saw some bright red birds.
二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D匹四个选项中出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Telling the truth is a very good habit. Here is a story of a man who did lots of bad things, but his promise to tell the truth 21 him.
Once the man came to the prophet Muhammad and said, “Oh, prophet of Allah, I have many bad habits. 22 should I give up first ” The prophet said, “Give up telling 23 and always speak the truth.” The man promised to do so and went home. At night the man planned to go out to steal. Before 24 home, he said to himself, “If tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, shall I say 25 I went out to steal No, I can’t say that, neither can I tell a lie. If I speak the truth, everyone will call me 26 .” So the man decided not to steal that night. The next day, when he was about to drink 27 , he thought, “What shall I say to the prophet if he asks me what I did during the day I cannot tell a lie. If I tell the truth, people will 28 me because a Muslim is not allowed to drink wine.” So he gave up the idea of drinking wine.
In that way, whenever the man 29 doing something bad, he always remembered his promise to tell the truth. He gradually gave up 30 of his bad habits and became a very good person.
Word Bank: prophet 先知 Muhammad 穆罕默德（伊斯兰教信徒）
21．A．saved B．killed C．affect D．reminded
22．A．When B．Where C．What time D．Which one
23．A．lies B．stories C．jokes D．others
24．A．getting B．leaving C．returning D．arriving
25．A．that B．what C．if D．whether
26．A．lady B．a waiter C．a thief D．a policeman
27．A．wine B．water C．milk D．coffee
28．A．see B．hate C．teach D．like
29．A．pick up B．went on C．ended up D．thought of
30．A．one B．none C．few D．all
第二部分 非选择题(共40分)
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分; 满分10分)
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
A teacher gave his students a test. Most of the students finished all the questions without much trouble until they all read the last one. It was“What is the 31 (one) name of the woman who cleans the school ”
All of the students 32 (think) that was some kind of joke.They had all seen the cleaning woman many 33 (time) during each day at school. It was clear that she was tall and old, 34 how would they know her name
So all the test papers were handed in, leaving the last question unanswered. Just before the class ended, one of the students asked 35 (quiet) if the last question would count toward the results of the test.
“Of course”, said the teacher.
Just 36 few seconds later, the teacher went on to say. “In your lives and careers, you 37 (meet) many people and they are important, so they each are worth your attention and care, even if all you do is smile and say Hello”.
All the students realized its 38 (important). Over the following days, each of the students tried 39 (find) out the name of the cleaner.They all learned that cleaner’s name was Dorothy. Everyone introduced the cleaner carefully 40 (them). And they never forgot the lesson that their teacher gave them.
四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题 每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分)
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Learn English in Los Angeles
①Come to learn English in Los Angeles! We can offer you great summer English courses. You will love coming to Los Angeles to learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time.
②The courses last for four, six or eight weeks.They start at the end of July. Our teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience. They teach English classes for four hours a day. You can work in small or large groups: it depends on your personal choice. We provide books, and we set tests every week to check your progress. There are also computers for personal study.
③As well as learning English, we want you to experience life in the US. You can stay as a guest with an American family and take part in their daily life. You will have meals with the family and do some activities with them too. For many of our students this is the best part of the course. Many families form close friendships with the students and stay in touch with them. But if you prefer, of course, you can stay in a hotel.
④There are many exciting things to do in Los Angeles. We plan activities every day after class. You can choose to take trips to Hollywood, Disneyland or San Francisco, or you can go shopping.
⑤You are certain to get the best possible experience of English learning and life in the US. You must pay for your course at least one month before it starts. Do not wait—fill out our form and come to learn English in Los Angeles!
41．Why will you love going to learn English in Los Angeles
_____________________________________________________________________
42．How do they check your progress in English learning
_____________________________________________________________________
43．Which paragraphs tell us learning about American culture in Los Angeles
_____________________________________________________________________
44．Which part of the courses in Los Angeles do you like most Why
_____________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45．“人间烟火气，最抚凡人心。”从手到口，从口到心， 中国人延续着对世界和人生特有的感知方式。或地方特色，或家常便饭，只要端起碗筷，总有一道美食触动了你的味蕾。请以”Special Food Full of Memories”为题分享一下你和美食之间的故事吧。
要点提示：
1. 介绍最触动你的一道美食；
2. 谈谈这道美食为什么特殊；
3. 分享这道美食曾带给你的回忆。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末测试
考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选择题用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色中性笔将答案写在对应题目的答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 选择题(共50分)
一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)
第一节 阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection
4.8 out of 5 stars 11 ratings
See all formats and editions
Buy the Kindle Unlimited service for 7.62
A mysterious (神秘的) island. A hidden magical item (物品). And two unlikely friends that set out on a life-changing adventure (冒险). Ten-year-old Kai is excited to become one of Poseidon’s Protectors. But when a sea monster threatens (威胁) his island, Kai doubts (怀疑) he’s the right person for the job. Delphi wishes to find where she belongs (归属). But when you’re afraid of water, and your only friend is a sea lion, fitting in is not so easy. Join Kai and Delphi as they work together to save Pineapple Cove!
The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection includes: Poseidon’s Storm
Blaster, A Mermaid’s Promise, King of the Sea Protector’s Pledge
If you like reimagined mythology (神话), role model characters, and animal friends, then you’ll love Marina Bowman’s legendary (传奇的) stories. Get The Legend of Pineapple Cove: Complete Series Collection to share the gift of imaginative adventure today!
Listening Length: 6 hours and 6 minutes
Author: Marina J. Bowman Language: English Publisher: Code Pineapple.
1．How many people have rated the collection
A．Four. B．Five. C．Ten. D．Eleven.
2．How can you get the Kindle edition of the collection
A．By downloading it for free. B．By buying the Kindle Unlimited.
C．By paying 16.75. D．By registering for the Audible trial.
3．What type of story is the collection
A．Adventure. B．Romance. C．Horror. D．Classical mythology.
4．What can we NOT learn about the series from the material
A．Its author. B．Its publisher. C．Its main characters. D．Its sales numbers.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文介绍了关于冒险类小说菠萝湾传奇系列作品集的版本、作者、主要内容等，推荐大家阅读购买。
1．细节理解题。根据开头“11 ratings”可知11个人评价了这部作品集。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一个文本框中的内容以及“Buy the Kindle Unlimited service for 7.62”可知，想要得到Kindle版本作品集，需要购买Kindle无限服务。故选B。
3．推理判断题。通过“Join Kai and Delphi as they work together to save Pineapple Cove!”和“Complete Series Collection to share the gift of imaginative adventure today!”可推断出这个作品集是冒险类。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据末尾“Author: Marina J. Bowman” 和“Publisher: Code Pineapple”可知作者和出版商，排除A和B；根据第二段“A mysterious island. A hidden magical item. And…Join Kai and Delphi as they work together to save Pineapple Cove!”可知作品的主要角色，排除C。故选D。
B
Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friends. His teacher Mr. Brown noticed this. One day, he asked Larry to meet him after class.
Mr. Brown said, “I see that you don’t talk to anyone or show any interest in anything. What’s wrong ” Larry answered, “Sir, I have a very difficult life. I have to face some very sad incidents (事件) and I keep thinking about them. Because of this, I can’t focus (集中) my attention on anything and don’t even feel like talking to anyone.”
Mr. Brown listened carefully, thought for a while and said, “Would you like some lemonade (柠檬水) ” Larry felt a little surprised and nervously answered, “Yes, thank you!”
While preparing lemonade, Mr. Brown added more salt on purpose (故意) and kept the quantity (量) of sugar low. Larry made a strange face as soon as he drank a sip of that lemonade. Seeing this, Mr. Brown asked, “You don’t like it ”
“Um…it’s just that there is a bit too much salt in it,” Larry answered.
Mr. Brown stopped him, “Oh, it doesn’t matter. I will throw it away.” As the teacher was lifting the glass to take it away, Larry stopped him and said, “Sir, please don’t throw it away. If we put a little more sugar in the lemonade, it will be fine to drink.”
Hearing this, Mr. Brown said happily, “This is what I want to hear from you. To improve the taste of lemonade, we don’t need to remove the salt from it, and we can just add some sugar to it. Similarly, we cannot remove sad things that have already happened to us, but we can add sweetness of good experiences in our life. If you keep on crying about your past, neither your present will be right nor the future will be bright.”
Larry realized (意识到) his problem and promised to live a positive (积极的) life.
5．What does the underlined “ this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Larry had to face many sad things.
B．Larry couldn’t listen carefully in class.
C．Larry didn’t show any interest in anything
D．Larry was always silent and had no any friends.
6．Mr. Brown prepared some lemonade because ________.
A．Larry was thirsty B．it could help make Larry relaxed
C．Mr. Brown wanted to teach him a lesson D．Mr. Brown wanted to try its special taste
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Mr. Brown threw the lemonade away.
B．Mr. Brown wasn’t good at making lemonade.
C．Larry felt happy after drinking the lemonade.
D．Larry decided to focus on the sweetness of life.
8．What can we learn from the passage
A．We can improve the taste of the lemonade with more salt.
B．We can live a happier life if we see things from the bright side.
C．If we can’t do with the bad things in our life, we won’t be happy.
D．If we stop thinking about the sad incidents, difficulties will not go into our life.
【答案】5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过布朗老师给拉里的柠檬水里放盐的故事，告诉我们：虽然不能去除已经发生在我们身上的悲伤的事情，但我们可以在我们的生活中增加美好经历的甜蜜。
5．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friends. His teacher Mr. Brown noticed this.”可知，拉里似乎总是沉默寡言，没有任何朋友；布朗先生注意到了这一点；据此可推断划线单词“this”指代上文中“拉里总是沉默寡言，没有任何朋友”这件事情。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据“This is what I want to hear from you. To improve the taste of lemonade, we don’t need to remove the salt from it, and we can just add some sugar to it. Similarly, we cannot remove sad things that have already happened to us, but we can add sweetness of good experiences in our life. If you keep on crying about your past, neither your present will be right nor the future will be bright.”可推断，布朗先生故意在柠檬水里放盐是为了给拉里上一课，让他明白生活的真谛：我们无法消除已经发生在我们身上的悲伤，但我们可以为我们的生活增添美好的经历。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Larry realized his problem and promised to live a positive life.”可知，拉里意识到了自己的问题，答应过积极的生活；选项D“拉里决定专注于生活的甜蜜。”符合语境。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。综合全文，尤其是根据倒数第二段“If you keep on crying about your past, neither your present will be right nor the future will be bright.”可知，如果你一直为过去哭泣，你的现
在就不会是正确的，未来也不会是光明的；据此我们能从文章中学到：如果我们能看到事物的光明面，我们就能过得更幸福。故选B。
C
China has long been known as a nation of rites (礼仪之邦). Chinese people behave politely on any formal occasion, whether it is a wedding ceremony, a celebration party, or a banquet (宴席). The following basic Chinese table manners will help you generally master Chinese dinner manners.
One clear difference between Western and Eastern dining habits is portion (一份) size. While meals in Western restaurants are sized for individuals (个人), dishes offered in Chinese restaurants are meant to be shared. As such, food either comes in bite-sized pieces, or is prepared in a way that makes it easy to portion (分配) while being served to you on large plates.
As meals are shared, one may care about the degree of sanitation (卫生). It’s common to find communal chopsticks (公筷) placed with each dish. It is good manners to use the communal utensils in a public setting.
You may also notice that tables, especially those in larger dining rooms, are round and have a lazy Susan (more commonly known as “that rotating (旋转的) table on top of your table”). Besides efficiency (效率) purposes, circular tables stand for important meaning in Chinese culture. It means unity (团结) and presents dining as an event where family members get together. Before you spin the turntable to get to that delicious piece of duck, make sure that no one else is reaching for food! It’s impolite to spin the table just as someone is trying to pick up some food.
As mentioned above, Chinese restaurants often use round tables. In Western cultures, the host or the eldest family member often sits at the head of a long table. But what happens when the table is round
As a round table, the seat of honor (首位) is the one facing the door. The closer you are sitting next to that seat, the more important you are. In a setting where there is no doorway—outdoor dining, for example—the seat of honor would be the one facing east. In a banquet environment, the table of honor is usually the one sitting farthest away from the door.
The time at which the dining begins depends on the presence of party members. The suitable time to dig in is after the guest of honor, or the eldest member of the group, is seated and
has begun their meal. Sometimes they will mean the start of a meal, by saying “吃吧” which means “Please eat”.
9．What should we do if we have meals in a public setting
A．Bring your own chopsticks from home. B．Use communal chopsticks to get food.
C．Use your own chopsticks to share food. D．Share the food with others’ chopsticks.
10．What does the underlined word “spin” in the passage mean
A．turn something around B．pull something nearer
C．pick something up D．move something away
11．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Why the table is round B．How can you find a seat
C．Which is the honor seat D．Who is the most important
12．How does the writer organize the article
A．In time order. B．From specific to general.
C．In space order. D．From general to specific.
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的餐桌礼仪。
9．细节理解题。根据第3段“As meals are shared, one may care about the degree of sanitation (卫生). It’s common to find communal chopsticks (公筷) placed with each dish. It is good manners to use the communal utensils in a public setting.”可知，如果我们在公共场所用餐，我们该用公用筷子取食物，故选B。
10．词义猜测题。根据带下划线的单词所在句子“It’s impolite to spin the table just as someone is trying to pick up some food.”可知，文章中带下划线的单词“spin”意思是“转动某物”，故选A。
11．主旨大意题。根据“Besides efficiency (效率) purposes, circular tables stand for important meaning in Chinese culture. It means unity (团结) and presents dining as an event where family members get together.”可知，第4段的主要思想是“为什么桌子是圆的”，故选A。
12．推理判断题。通读全文可知，这篇短文主要介绍了中国的餐桌礼仪。中国人在正式场合下举止得体，无论是婚礼、庆祝派对还是宴会。中国餐桌礼仪的基本规则包括共享餐食、使用公共餐具、注意卫生和尊重座位次序。作者是从一般到具体组织文章的，故选D。
D
If there is a glass half-filled with water, do you see it as half full instead of seeing it as half empty Do you believe that “Every cloud has a silver lining.” and that things mostly turn out (结果是) for the best Do you believe “Whatever will be, it will be.” If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist (乐观主义者). You may be more likely (可能的) to be successful at work and study.
But things don’t always turn out for the best. For example, you may believe “When one door closes, another door opens.” However, in the real life, sometimes when one door closes, another door slams (砰地关上) in your face. Then what would you think
Now a book called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism has come out. It believes that defensive pessimism (防御性的悲观主义) can lead to good results. Defensive pessimism is a way to manage fear and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for things by setting low goals (目标) for themselves. They carefully think about everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to do with these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor (心理学教授), says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they may also turn out to be very successful people. This is because they use their low opinion of the situation’s results to encourage themselves to perform (表现) better.”
Why is it likely for defensive pessimists to be successful This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists always prepare carefully and think about what might go wrong. They have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English which ask people to have a back-up plan. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” and “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.”
Each coin has two sides. Whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist, there’re advantages (有利条件) and disadvantages. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are just a realist (现实主义者). Cheer up and be a defensive pessimist. You’re also likely to be as successful as an optimist.
13．The author describes the one with the opinion “When one door closes, another door opens.” as ________.
A．an optimist B．a realist C．a pessimist D．a professor
14．According to Lawrence Sanno, how do defensive pessimists achieve success
A．They use the final goal of each situation.
B．They use other people’s encouragement.
C．They use their own performance in work or study.
D．They use their low opinion of the situation’s results.
15．What does the underlined saying “This is not rocket science.” probably mean
A．It is difficult to believe. B．It is simple enough to understand.
C．It is a dangerous thing to do. D．It is an interesting thing to discuss.
16．What’s the passage mainly about
A．How to achieve success in life like others.
B．The danger of being an optimist.
C．Advantages of being defensive pessimists.
D．A book on defensive pessimism.
【答案】13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了防御性悲观主义的积极影响以及防御性悲观主义者为什么会成功。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you believe that ‘Every cloud has a silver lining.’ and that things mostly turn out (结果是) for the best ...If you reply ‘yes’ to all of these questions, then you are an optimist (乐观主义者).”可知，如果你相信事情大多会向好的方向发展，那么你就是一个乐观主义者。由此推知，相信“当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开”的人是乐观主义者。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor (心理学教授), says, ‘What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they may also turn out to be very successful people. This is because they use their low opinion of the situation’s results to encourage themselves to perform (表现) better.’”可知，Lawrence Sanno教授认为防御性悲观主义者可能成为非常成功的人，是因为他们用自己对情境结果的低评价来鼓励自己表现得更好。故选D。
15．句意猜测题。根据第四段“Why is it likely for defensive pessimists to be successful ”和“Defensive pessimists always prepare carefully and think about what might go wrong.”可知，此处在解释防御性悲观主义者成功的原因。由此推测，“This is not rocket science.”这句话表达的含义是防御性悲观主义者成功的原因很容易理解。故选B。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了防御性悲观主义的积极影响以及防御性悲观主义者为什么会成功。故选C。
第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Ben and his family were on their first trip to the zoo. The main thing Ben wanted to do was to feed the parrots. His family went to the large birdcage (鸟笼) quickly. Most of the people were already inside. 17 When he got inside the cage, the zoo guide was telling everyone the rules about how to feed the birds.
“First, you get some apple pieces. 18 The most important rule is to keep the apple pieces clean. If any of the pieces fall to the ground, you need to throw it in one of the black bags.”
Everyone got apple pieces, and then the door was opened. Many green birds and blue birds flew out to eat apples. 19 The zoo guide said the red birds were new to the zoo. They still didn’t know how to eat from people’s hands then, but if people wanted to try to feed them, it was OK to do so.
Ben wanted to feed the new birds. He walked over to the birds and held out his hand. A bird climbed onto his finger and ate. The red birds watched it eating. 20 Soon, Ben had five red birds eating out of his hand. It was so interesting that he would always remember this trip to the zoo.
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．Then one of them flew to Ben’s arm to eat too.
B．Ben was worried because he wanted to be the first one in line.
C．This trip to the zoo was really boring.
D．Then you stand and wait for the birds to fly to you.
E．Ben saw some bright red birds.
【答案】17．B 18．D 19．E 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了本和家人第一次参观动物园以及他在动物园喂鸟的经历。
17．根据空前的“Most of the people were already inside.”可知在他们到达鸟笼前已经有很多人在里面了，因此B选项“本很着急，因为他想排在队伍的第一位”与之衔接顺畅，符合语境。故选B。
18．根据空前的“First, you get some apple pieces.”可知喂鸟第一步是拿到一些苹果块，因此D选项“然后站着等待鸟飞向你”与之衔接顺畅，介绍了喂鸟的步骤，故选D。
19．根据空后的“The zoo guide said the red birds were new to the zoo.”可知这里提到了红色的鸟，因此E选项“本看到了红色的鸟”与之衔接合理，符合语境。故选E。
20．根据空前的“A bird climbed onto his finger and ate. The red birds watched it eating.”可知，有一只鸟飞到本的手指上吃东西，而红色的鸟只是在看着。再根据空后的“Soon, Ben had five red birds eating out of his hand.”可知，没多久5只红色的鸟来吃本这里吃了。因此A选项“然后其中一只红色的鸟也飞到本的胳膊上来吃”与上下文衔接顺畅。故选A。
二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D匹四个选项中出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Telling the truth is a very good habit. Here is a story of a man who did lots of bad things, but his promise to tell the truth 21 him.
Once the man came to the prophet Muhammad and said, “Oh, prophet of Allah, I have many bad habits. 22 should I give up first ” The prophet said, “Give up telling 23 and always speak the truth.” The man promised to do so and went home. At night the man planned to go out to steal. Before 24 home, he said to himself, “If tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, shall I say 25 I went out to steal No, I can’t say that, neither can I tell a lie. If I speak the truth, everyone will call me 26 .” So the man decided not to steal that night. The next day, when he was about to drink 27 , he thought, “What shall I say to the prophet if he asks me what I did during the day I cannot tell a lie. If I tell the truth, people will 28 me because a Muslim is not allowed to drink wine.” So he gave up the idea of drinking wine.
In that way, whenever the man 29 doing something bad, he always remembered his promise to tell the truth. He gradually gave up 30 of his bad habits and became a very good person.
Word Bank: prophet 先知 Muhammad 穆罕默德（伊斯兰教信徒）
21．A．saved B．killed C．affect D．reminded
22．A．When B．Where C．What time D．Which one
23．A．lies B．stories C．jokes D．others
24．A．getting B．leaving C．returning D．arriving
25．A．that B．what C．if D．whether
26．A．lady B．a waiter C．a thief D．a policeman
27．A．wine B．water C．milk D．coffee
28．A．see B．hate C．teach D．like
29．A．pick up B．went on C．ended up D．thought of
30．A．one B．none C．few D．all
【答案】
21．A 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个人想要改掉他的坏毛病，于是向先知请教先改掉哪个坏毛病，先知说先改掉撒谎的毛病，并且要说实话。这个人承诺一定会做到。每当他想做坏事时，都会想到这个承诺，最终他逐渐改掉了所有的坏毛病，成了一个好人。
21．句意：这里有一个关于一个做了很多坏事的人的故事，但是他承诺说真话救了他。
save拯救；kill杀死；affect影响；remind提醒。根据“his promise to tell the truth...him.”可知，这个人从坏人变成好人，说明说真话救了他。故选A。
22．句意： 我应该先戒掉哪一个？
when何时；Where在哪里；What time什么时候；Which one哪一个。根据“I have many bad habits.”可知，他有许多坏习惯，应该是要先放弃哪一个。故选D。
23．句意： 先知说：“放弃说谎，永远说实话。”
lies谎言；stories故事；jokes玩笑；others别的东西。根据“always speak the truth”可知，总是说真话，应该是先放弃说谎。故选A。
24．句意：在离开家之前，他自言自语道。
get得到；leave离开；return返回；arrive到达。根据“At night the man planned to go out to steal.”可知，此处表示他在离开家之前，想起了他的诺言。故选B。
25．句意：如果明天先知问我到哪里去了，我能说我出去偷了吗？
that那个；what什么；if是否；whether是否。根据“shall I say...I went out to steal ”可知，本句为宾语从句，且宾语不缺成分，that在宾语从句中无实义。故选A。
26．句意：如果我说实话，每个人都会说我是小偷。
lady女士；waiter服务员；thief小偷；policeman警察。根据“shall I say...I went out to steal No, I can’t say that, neither can I tell a lie.”可知，这个人想要去偷东西，所以人们会叫他小偷。故选C。
27．句意： 第二天，当他正要喝酒时，他想“先知若问我白日所做的事，我该对他说什么
呢 ”
wine酒；water水；milk牛奶；coffee咖啡。根据“So he gave up the idea of drinking wine.”可知，是喝酒。故选A。
28．句意： 如果我说实话，人们会恨我，因为穆斯林是不允许喝酒的。
see看见；hate讨厌；teach教；like喜欢。根据“people will...me because a Muslim is not allowed to drink wine.”可知，伊斯兰教徒不能喝酒，所以如果他告诉人们实话，人们会讨厌他。故选B。
29．句意： 这样一来，每当这个人想到做坏事，他总是记得自己说过要说实话。
pick up挑选；go on继续；end up以……结束；think of想起。根据“he always remembered his promise to tell the truth”可知，每当这个人想到做坏事时，他总是记得他的诺言。故选D。
30．句意： 他逐渐改掉了所有的坏习惯，成为一个非常好的人。
one一个；none没有一个；few几乎没有；all所有。根据“he always remembered his promise to tell the truth”可知，每当这个人想到做坏事时，他总是记得他的诺言，应该是慢慢改掉了全部的坏习惯。故选D。
第二部分 非选择题(共40分)
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分; 满分10分)
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
A teacher gave his students a test. Most of the students finished all the questions without much trouble until they all read the last one. It was“What is the 31 (one) name of the woman who cleans the school ”
All of the students 32 (think) that was some kind of joke.They had all seen the cleaning woman many 33 (time) during each day at school. It was clear that she was tall and old, 34 how would they know her name
So all the test papers were handed in, leaving the last question unanswered. Just before the class ended, one of the students asked 35 (quiet) if the last question would count toward the results of the test.
“Of course”, said the teacher.
Just 36 few seconds later, the teacher went on to say. “In your lives and careers, you
37 (meet) many people and they are important, so they each are worth your attention and care, even if all you do is smile and say Hello”.
All the students realized its 38 (important). Over the following days, each of the students tried 39 (find) out the name of the cleaner.They all learned that cleaner’s name was Dorothy. Everyone introduced the cleaner carefully 40 (them). And they never forgot the lesson that their teacher gave them.
【答案】
31．first/1st 32．thought 33．times 34．but 35．quietly 36．a 37．will meet 38．importance 39．to find 40．themselves
【导语】本文主要讲述了一次考试，学生们无法答出他们每天都见到的清洁工的名字。老师告诉学生们，每个人都很重要，值得关注和关心。
31．句意：打扫学校的女人叫什么名字？根据提示词和定冠词“the”可知，空处应将基数词变为序数词first/1st。故填first/1st。
32．句意：所有学生都认为这是某种玩笑。根据“A teacher gave his students a test.”可知，本文讲述过去发生的事情, 时态是一般过去时，空处应填写所给动词的过去式形式。故填thought。
33．句意：他们每天在学校都看到那个清洁女工很多次。根据“many”可知，空处应填写可数名词复数形式。time表示“次数”时可数，其复数形式为“times”。故填times。
34．句意：显然她很高、很老， 但是他们怎么可能知道她的名字呢？根据语境可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，表示虽然知道她的长相，但是怎么知道名字呢？ 空处应填写转折连词“but”。故填but。
35．句意：就在课快要结束的时候，一个学生小声地问最后一个问题是否会被计入考试结果。quiet轻轻的，形容词。根据空前动词“asked”可知，此处应将所给提示词变为副词形式，修饰动词“asked”。 故填quietly。
36．句意：几秒钟后，老师接着说。根据“Just...few seconds later”可知，空处应填“a”，“a few”表示“一些”。故填a。
37．句意：在你们的生活和事业中，你们会遇到许多人。根据“In your lives and careers”可知，此处指的是在未来的生活和事业中, 应用一般将来时,其结构是will do。故填will meet。
38．句意：所有的学生都意识到了它的重要性。根据“its”可知，后面要用名词。important重要的，形容词, 其名词形式为“importance”。 故填importance。
39．句意：在接下来的几天里, 每个学生都试图找出那个清洁工的名字。try to do sth. 表示“尝试做某事”。故填to find。
40．句意：每个人都小心翼翼地向清洁工介绍自己。introduce oneself介绍自己，根据提示词可知，此处应填写反身代词themselves。 故填themselves。
四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题 每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分)
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Learn English in Los Angeles
①Come to learn English in Los Angeles! We can offer you great summer English courses. You will love coming to Los Angeles to learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time.
②The courses last for four, six or eight weeks.They start at the end of July. Our teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience. They teach English classes for four hours a day. You can work in small or large groups: it depends on your personal choice. We provide books, and we set tests every week to check your progress. There are also computers for personal study.
③As well as learning English, we want you to experience life in the US. You can stay as a guest with an American family and take part in their daily life. You will have meals with the family and do some activities with them too. For many of our students this is the best part of the course. Many families form close friendships with the students and stay in touch with them. But if you prefer, of course, you can stay in a hotel.
④There are many exciting things to do in Los Angeles. We plan activities every day after class. You can choose to take trips to Hollywood, Disneyland or San Francisco, or you can go shopping.
⑤You are certain to get the best possible experience of English learning and life in the US. You must pay for your course at least one month before it starts. Do not wait—fill out our form and come to learn English in Los Angeles!
41．Why will you love going to learn English in Los Angeles
_____________________________________________________________________
42．How do they check your progress in English learning
_____________________________________________________________________
43．Which paragraphs tell us learning about American culture in Los Angeles
_____________________________________________________________________
44．Which part of the courses in Los Angeles do you like most Why
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Because we can learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time. 42．They set tests every week to check our progress.
Paragraph three and four.
44．I like staying as a guest with an American family and take part in their daily life. Because I can form close friendships with them.（开放性试题，言之成理即可）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了去洛杉矶学英语的课程信息、师资情况、课程时间、课程内容和课后活动等。
41．根据“You will love coming to Los Angeles to learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time.”可知，在洛杉矶学英语的同时能够学习美国文化。故填Because we can learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time.
42．根据“We provide books, and we set tests every week to check your progress.”可知，他们每周设置测试来检查我们的学习进度。故填They set tests every week to check our progress.
43．根据“As well as learning English, we want you to experience life in the US.”和“There are many exciting things to do in Los Angeles.”可知，第三、四段主要介绍了洛杉矶的美国文化，可以安排好莱坞、迪斯尼乐园、旧金山旅行或购物作为课后活动。故填Paragraph three and four.
44．根据题目要求可知，此处应回答最喜欢洛杉矶课程的哪个部分，比如去美国人家做客，参与他们的日常生活，因为可以和他们建立亲密的友谊。故填I like staying as a guest with an American family and take part in their daily life. Because I can form close friendships with them.（开放性试题，言之成理即可）
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45．“人间烟火气，最抚凡人心。”从手到口，从口到心， 中国人延续着对世界和人生特有的感知方式。或地方特色，或家常便饭，只要端起碗筷，总有一道美食触动了你的味蕾。请以”Special Food Full of Memories”为题分享一下你和美食之间的故事吧。
要点提示：
1. 介绍最触动你的一道美食；
2. 谈谈这道美食为什么特殊；
3. 分享这道美食曾带给你的回忆。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
Special Food Full of Memories
Everyone has their own favorite cuisine. Some people like to eat meat, while others like to eat vegetables. But my favorite dish is steamed eggs. Its approach is very simple. You only need a few eggs, cooking oil, and some leeks. When it is brought to the table, its color is very tempting, ranging from yellow to green.
I like it not because it is so delicious, but because my family was relatively poor in the early years.
The only eggs in my family were either sold for money, or steamed eggs were only available when there were guests at home. But at that time, we were only allowed to eat when the guests finished eating. So when we ate the few eggs left, it was very delicious. So whenever I eat steamed eggs, I remember the memories of that time.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作提示已给出，考生应按要求进行写作，适当增添细节，完善作文内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍最触动你的一道美食；
第二步，介绍这道美食特殊的原因；
第三步，介绍这道美食曾带给你的回忆。
[亮点词汇]
①at that time那时
②the memories of...……的回忆
[高分句型]
When it is brought to the table, its color is very tempting, ranging from yellow to green. (when引导的时间状语从句及被动语态)
