湖南省长沙市 2024年中考模拟考试卷
英语·答题卡
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人员用 2B 铅笔 4．请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。
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6．填涂样例 正确 [■] 错误 [--][√] [×]
选择题(请用 2B铅笔填涂)
（1—20小题，每小题 1分,21-35每小题 2分；36—45小题，每小题 1.5分）
1.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 6.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 11.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 16.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
2.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 7.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 12.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 17.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
3.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 8.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 13.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 18.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
4.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 9.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 14.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 19.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
5.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 10.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 15.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 20.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
21.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 26.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 31.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
22.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 27.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
23.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 28.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
24.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 29.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
25.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 30.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
32.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ]
33.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ]
34.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ]
35.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ]
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
36.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 41.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
37.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 请在各题4目2.[的A答] [题B区]域[ C内]作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
38.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 43.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
39.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 请在各题44目.[ A的]答[题B ]区[域C内] 作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
40.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] 45.[ A ] [ B ] [ C ]
五、短文填空(10小题，每小题 1分，共 10分)
46._____________ 47. _____________ 48. _____________ 49. _____________ 50. _____________
51._____________ 52. _____________ 53. _____________ 54. _____________ 55. _____________
六、阅读短文回答问题（5小题，每小题 2分，共 10分）。
56. ___________________________________________________________________
57. ___________________________________________________________________
58. ___________________________________________________________________
59. ___________________________________________________________________
60. ___________________________________________________________________
八、书面表达（15分）
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湖南省长沙市2024年中考模拟考试卷
英语
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）
I．听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分）
1．Whose soccer ball might it be
A．Bob’s. B．Jane’s. C．Paul’s.
2．What will the man do this weekend
A．Go camping. B．Stay at home. C．Shop with family.
3．Where does the conversation happen
A．At school. B．At home. C．At a restaurant.
4．What does the man say about Park Restaurant
A．The environment is good. B．The service is good. C．The food is cheap.
5．Why doesn’t the man like Hong Kong
A．Because it’s crowded. B．Because it’s noisy. C．Because it’s boring.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。
6．How do the speakers feel now
A．Moved. B．Tired. C．Angry.
7．What have they just done
A．They have had a pizza for dinner.
B．They have been to a concert.
C．They have done some sports.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is Linda doing
A．Writing a report. B．Playing sports. C．Reading a book.
9．When can Linda lend the book to the man
A．Next Friday. B．Next Saturday. C．Next Sunday.
听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。
10．What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A．Mother and son. B．Teacher and student. C．Brother and sister.
11．What will Bill do next
A．Check the soccer score. B．Clean the phone screen. C．Put away the phone.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
12．What is the speech about
A．What to do on weekends.
B．How to keep safe in a fire.
C．Where to go when there is a fire.
13．How much is a ticket for the speech
A．10 yuan. B．20 yuan. C．Free.
14．How will the speakers go to the City Hall
A．By bus. B．By bike. C．By subway.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
15．Where did Allison probably work in the past
A．In a hospital. B．In a school. C．In a company.
16．Who taught Allison Chinese
A．Her mum. B．Her friend. C．Her grandma.
17．How long will Allison work at her new job
A．For one year. B．For two years. C．For three years.
听下面一段独白，完成以下小题。
18．When did Li Ming and his classmates enter the Science Museum
A．At 8: 30 a.m. B．At 8: 50 a.m. C．At 9: 20 a.m.
19．What did they learn about on the second floor
A．Printing. B．Space. C．Old cars.
20．What’s the material mainly about
A．A trip to a museum. B．Some rules in a museum. C．The history of a museum
II．阅读（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
香港故宫 Hong Kong Palace Museum
Address West Kowloon Culture District, 8 Museum Drive, Kowloon
Opening hours Mon., Wed., Thur. ＆ Sun. 10:00 a.m.—06:00 p.m. Fri., Sat. ＆ Public Holiday 10:00 a.m.—08:00 p.m.
Tickets HK $50 for adults; HK $25 for children (aged 7—11) , full time students and senior (aged 60 and up)
What to show Over 900 priceless treasures from the Palace Museum in Beijing, including paintings and ancient books. Many of them are shown in Hong Kong for the first time. Artworks from other parts of the world.
Notes Please buy the ticket before your visit. Children 6 years old or younger can enter the museum for free.
Importance To celebrate the 25th anniversary (周年) of Hong Kong return to the motherland. To show the special historical, cultural, artistic significance (意义) of the museum.
21．The museum is open for ________ hours on Friday.
A．six B．eight C．ten
22．How long has Hong Kong been back to China
A．For 24 years. B．For 25 years. C．For 26 years.
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the reading
A．Each of the visitors should pay HK $50 for the ticket.
B．We can only see the treasures from Beijing in the museum.
C．The museum is of great historical importance to Hong Kong.
B
The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China, which are located in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old and were listed as a world heritage (遗产) site by UNESCO in 1987.
Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them . Fan Jinshi is one of them .
Fan was born in Beijing on July 9, 1938. Her father was a graduate of Tsinghua University and had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture.
Influenced by her father, Fan liked visiting museums when she was in middle school. With the great love of Chinese culture, she studied in the archaeology department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started working at Dunhuang and has worked there ever since. She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”.
On May 4, 2023, “Daughter of Dunhuang” Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund (基金) to ▲ .
“Money made should be spent in the right way. People cannot only think of themselves,” she said. “Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can raise cultural confidence and strength.”
24．How long has Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang
A．For almost forty years. B．For about eighty years. C．For almost sixty years.
25．What does the underlined word “ them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Archaeologists. B．The Mogao Caves. C．Researchers.
26．Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5
A．tell people more about Dunhuang and teach the classical art
B．take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them
C．support the research of Dunhuang studies at Peking University
27．What ’s the best title for the passage
A．Protecting Dunhuang
B．Fan Jinshi: “Daughter of Dunhuang”
C．Helping Dunhuang Studies
C
Labor education (劳动教育) is an important part of a student’s overall development. It not only helps students learn practical skills but also teaches them the value of hard work and responsibility. Through labor education, students get the chance to take part in all kinds of activities like gardening, cleaning, and craft-making (手工制作).
Gardening is a great way to introduce students to the wonders of nature. It teaches them about plant growth, soil protection, and the importance of green spaces. By taking care of plants, students learn patience and responsibility. Gardening also provides a relaxing environment where students can clear their minds and focus (注意) better.
Cleaning, on the other hand, helps students understand the importance of keeping clean and tidy. It teaches them to be thankful for a clean environment and to take pride in their work. Through cleaning, students learn the value of teamwork and cooperation (合作) as they work together to keep their school or classroom tidy.
Craft-making activities allow students to be creative. They can express their ideas and feelings through different kinds of materials like paper, cloth, or wood. Craft-making helps students to improve their imagination and encourages students to think outside the box. It also helps in developing fine motor skills (精细动手技能) and hand-eye coordination (协调).
Labor education, therefore, plays an important role in shaping students into responsible and hard-working ones. It makes their school learning better by providing practical experiences that are good for students’ personal and social development.
28．What is the main purpose of labor education in schools
A．To introduce students to new subjects.
B．To teach practical skills and the value of hard work.
C．To prepare students for future jobs.
29．________ is a great way to introduce students to the wonders of nature.
A．Gardening B．Cleaning C．Craft-making
30．What does the article mainly discuss
A．The benefits of outdoor activities in schools.
B．The importance of labor education in schools.
C．The role of teachers in labor education.
31．According to the article, which skill cannot be improved through craft-making
A．Imagination. B．Creativity. C．Reading.
第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。
Do you like watching films Today let’s know about some special films.
Animation (动画片)
Animation is one of the oldest special kinds in the film world. It began in the early 1900s. It is not difficult but it does take a lot of time and hard work.
First, someone paints or draws a picture. Then they take a picture of it. They make another picture, which is just a little bit different from the first one, and take another picture. 32
Animated films of any kind take a lot of time to make, but in the end, these special films are touching, funny or simply amazing.
IMAX films
IMAX is short for “Image Maximum (巨幕电影)”. When you watch an IMAX film, you don’t sit up—you lie back. 33 The screen is above, in front of and around you.
In order to create its effects, IMAX films use different theatres, cameras and film from other movies. Most IMAX theatres are in museums, science centers and theme (主题) parks. The IMAX camera is very large and uses a lot of film. It is also very heavy. 34
3-D films
3-D films are not new. They first appeared in 1903. The inventors wanted viewers to feel like they were really inside the movie they were watching! When you watch a 3-D movie, you feel as if the people on the screen are close enough to touch and that the airplane flying at you is flying right off the screen.
35 Usually, one side of the glasses is red and the other is light blue. If you look at the image below with these special glasses, you’ll see the 3-D effect.
A．This is why most IMAX films are only about 40—60 minutes long.
B．You can also stand up if you like.
C．This is repeated at least 12 times to make one second of film!
D．You don’t look at a screen in front of you.
E．To watch 3-D films, you must wear special glasses.
III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, the expression “southern spuds (南方土豆)” becomes popular.
Thanks to Harbin, the 36 of Northeast China’s Heilongjiang province has created a storm on social media. Harbin has been 37 attracted tourists from southern China and these visitors are 38 as “nanfang xiaotudou” or “southern spuds”. The meaning behind this nickname (绰号) may not describe the 39 of people in southern China, but create a sense of warmth and familiarity for southern tourists.
40 the three-day New Year holiday, the number of visitors reached 3 million, getting about 5.9 billion yuan ($826.75 million). The 41 behind Harbin’s popularity is offering its almost perfect service to tourists: The local frozen pears (冻梨) that are 42 small pieces; the classical concerts in shopping malls; the “moon” over the St. Sophia Cathedral (圣索菲亚大教堂) and the hot air balloons over the Songhua River—all of these show that 43 the city is less modern, it has made an effort to provide the best 44 .
Harbin has set a successful 45 by focusing on offering truly warmth and better service, which will also benefit (获益) other cities.
36．A．city B．capital C．town
37．A．bravely B．patiently C．actively
38．A．told B．asked C．called
39．A．beauty B．build C．weight
40．A．For B．Since C．During
41．A．disadvantage B．secret C．method
42．A．change into B．cut into C．put into
43．A．while B．because C．although
44．A．decision B．service C．development
45．A．example B．journey C．experience
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
John and Bobby joined the same company together. Several 46 (year) later, however, the boss promoted (提拔) Bobby to be a manager but John was still a worker. John could not accept it, and wanted to leave the company. Because he thought that he worked 47 (hard) than Bobby.
The boss thought for 48 moment and said, “Thank you 49 what you said, but I hope you will do one more thing for our company before you leave.” John agreed. The boss asked him to go and find anyone selling watermelons (西瓜) in the market. John went and returned 50 (quick). He said he had found a man selling watermelons. The boss asked about the price of the watermelons. John 51 (shake) his head and had to go back to ask.
The boss told John 52 (wait) a second, and he called Bobby to go and find anyone selling watermelons in the market. Bobby went and returned, saying, “Boss, only one person is selling watermelons. $1.2 every kilogram, and $10 for 10 kilograms. The seller has 340 watermelons. Each watermelon weighs about 2 kilograms. They 53 (bring) from the South two days ago. All of 54 (they) are of good quality (质量).”
Hearing what Bobby said, John immediately (立即) realized the difference between himself 55 Bobby. He decided to stay and learn from Bobby.
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Robert Kurtz finds himself working right in the middle of a composting (肥料) revolution (革命). Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders. The composting company is based in Cleveland, Ohio. Its goal is to fight against climate (气候) change by recycling as much food waste as possible.
“If we want to meet the climate goals, we have to deal with food waste,” Kurtz told Your Hot Job. “It’s a huge part of the problem.”
Wasted food ends up in landfills. As it breaks down, it creates a gas called methane (沼气). Methane traps heat in the air. And that increases climate change.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency says the average family in the U.S. spends $1, 500 per year on food that doesn’t get eaten. Businesses waste food too.
Every day, Kurtz contacts grocery stores, restaurants, and other food-service businesses. He educates them about the harm of food waste. Then he asks if they’re willing to change the way they get rid of their extra food.
So far, Rust Belt Riders has persuaded (劝说) 300 companies and 2,800 households to do something differently with their food waste. The company’s seven trucks and 30 employees pick up the extra food. Then they compost it, turning it into soil.
Compost soil is much more than just dirt. It’s made up of five ingredients to help plants grow better. That’s why Kurtz and his workmates at Rust Belt Riders offer a second service: They sell the composted, rich soil to people and businesses that need it.
56．What is the goal of Rust Belt Riders
57．Why is food waste harmful
58．How do people in Rust Belt Riders deal with the collected food waste
59．Why is compost soil much more than just dirt
60．What do you think of Robert Kurtz’s job
IV．写作（满分15分）
61．假定你是张鹏，你的外国笔友Lucas打算下个月来中国旅游，请你按要求用英语写一封电子邮件，向他推荐一下长沙。
要求：
（1）你推荐的理由；
（2）他可以在那里做些什么；
（3）有哪些要注意的礼仪。
提示：
臭豆腐 stinky tofu；岳麓山 Yuelu Mountain；橘子洲 Orange Island；礼仪 etiquette
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息。
Dear Lucas,
Welcome to China! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Peng
()
参考答案：
1．A
【原文】M: Look, Jane. Whose soccer ball is this Is it Paul’s
W: No. It might be Bob’s. He is on the school soccer team.
2．B
【原文】W: Would you like to join us in camping this weekend
M: I’m afraid not. I just want to stay at home with my family.
3．B
【原文】W: I’ve cleaned the bedroom and the living room. Doing chores is so hard for me.
M: That’s true, dear. Why not have a glass of milk and rest for a while.
4．C
【原文】W: Do you often go to Park Restaurant to eat
M: Yes, it has the best food. And its food is the cheapest.
5．A
【原文】W: I would like to find a job in Hong Kong after graduation. How about you
M: I won’t go there. I don’t like places which are too crowded.
6．B 7．C
【原文】M: That was great, wasn’t it
W: Yes, everyone did really well today but I’m tired now and my legs hurt! I’m going to go straight home and ask mum if I can have a pizza for dinner.
M: I’m going to lie on my bed and listen to music all evening.
W: Good idea! We’ve done so much exercise today!
8．C 9．A
【原文】M: What are you doing, Linda
W: I’m reading a book about great people in history.
M: Wow! That must be interesting!
W: Yes. In fact, I have to write a report about a great person.
M: A report Who are you going to write about
W: Yuan Longping. He was China’s most famous “farmer”.
M: Can you lend me the book after you finish the report
W: Sure. I can lend the book to you next Friday.
10．A 11．C
【原文】W: Bill, could you stop using your phone while having dinner
M: I’m just checking the soccer score.
W: You’d better not spend so much time on your phone. It’s really bad for your eyes. And it’s very dirty to touch the screen when you are eating.
M: I’m sorry, Mom.
W: Put away your phone and enjoy your dinner.
М. OK.
12．B 13．C 14．B
【原文】W: Jack, do you have any plans for the coming weekend
M: Yes, Nancy. There is going to be a speech in the City Hall this weekend. I want to listen to it.
W: What is the speech about
M: It’s about how to keep safe in a fire.
W: Listening to a speech is boring.
M: But it’s useful for us. We should know how to protect ourselves when there is a fire.
W: You are right. Can I listen to the speech with you
M: Of course! You just need to get a ticket online.
W: How much is it
M: Oh, it’s free.
W: Great! When will the speech begin
M: At 2:00 in the afternoon on Saturday. We can ride there together.
15．A 16．C 17．C
【详解】M: Allison, I’ve heard you got a new job in California. Congratulations!
W: Thanks.
M: Will you still work in a hospital
W: No. My new job is to teach Chinese in a language school.
M: I didn’t know you speak Chinese. How did you learn it
W: I learned it from my grandma. She used to work in a Chinese company.
M: So, will you come back some day
W: Of course. I plan to work there for three years. All my friends are here, you know.
M: Well, I’m sure you’ll make some new friends there.
18．B 19．A 20．A
【原文】
Last Sunday Li Ming and his classmates had a trip to the Science Museum. At 8:30 they arrived there. There were lots of people, so they waited in line. After 20 minutes, they entered the museum. In most museums, visitors aren’t allowed to make noises, take photos or touch anything, but the Science Museum is different. Visitors are allowed to do what they like. Li Ming and his classmates learned a lot about science. A motor show was on the first floor. They saw old cars and buses from as early as the 1920s. The second floor is the Print Room. It’s about the history of printing. And then they went to the third floor where they learned about space travel. Time passed quickly. They left the museum at 2 o’clock in the afternoon.
21．C 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文介绍了香港故宫博物馆的营业时间，票价等信息。
21．细节理解题。根据“Fri., Sat. ＆ Public Holiday 10:00 a.m.—08:00 p.m.”可知，博物馆周五营业10个小时。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“To celebrate the 25th anniversary (周年) of Hong Kong return to the motherland”可知，香港回归祖国有25年了。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“To show the special historical, cultural, artistic significance (意义) of the museum”可知，该博物馆对香港具有重要的历史意义。故选C。
24．C 25．B 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的贡献。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段“Then she started working at Dunhuang and has worked there ever since. She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang.”可知樊锦诗在敦煌工作了约六十年。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them.”可知them代指的是前面提到的the Mogao Caves。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university”可知成立樊锦诗教育基金是为了支持敦煌非遗成果在大学的研究，选项C“支持北京大学敦煌研究”符合语境。故选C。
27．最佳标题题。根据“Then she started working at Dunhuang and has worked there ever since. She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang. People call her the ‘Daughter of Dunhuang’.”并通读全文可知文章主要介绍了被人们誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗的努力和贡献，因此选项B“樊锦诗：‘敦煌之女’”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C
【导语】本文主要讨论了学校劳动教育的重要性。
28． 细节理解题。根据“It not only helps students learn practical skills but also teaches them the value of hard work and responsibility.”可知，劳动教育不仅帮助学生学习实用技能，还教会他们努力工作和承担责任的价值。故选B。
29． 细节理解题。根据“Gardening is a great way to introduce students to the wonders of nature.”可知，园艺是向学生介绍自然奇观的好方法。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Labor education (劳动教育) is an important part of a student’s overall development.”和全文可知，文章主要讨论了学校劳动教育的重要性。故选B。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Craft-making activities allow students to be creative...Craft-making helps students to improve their imagination”可知，工艺制作活动可以让学生有创造力和想象力，故选C。
32．C 33．D 34．A 35．E
【导语】本文介绍了几种特别的电影。
32．根据“Then they take a picture of it. They make another picture, which is just a little bit different from the first one, and take another picture”可知，第一步需要反复拍照。选项C“这至少要重复12次才能制作出一秒钟的电影！”符合语境，故选C。
33．根据“The screen is above, in front of and around you.”可知，此处和看的屏幕有关。选项D“你不会看你面前的屏幕。”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据“The IMAX camera is very large and uses a lot of film. It is also very heavy.”可知，IMAX摄影机很大，用了很多胶卷。它也很重。选项A“这就是为什么大多数IMAX电影只有40—60分钟长。”符合语境，故选A。
35．根据“Usually, one side of the glasses is red and the other is light blue”可知，介绍看3D电影的眼镜。选项E“要看3D电影，你必须戴上特殊的眼镜。”符合语境，故选E。
36．B 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．C 41．B 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文介绍了网络流行词汇 “南方小土豆” 的由来以及哈尔滨旅游业的发展盛况。
36．句意：多亏了哈尔滨，中国东北黑龙江省的省会在社交媒体上引发了一场风暴。
city城市；capital省会；town城镇。根据“Thanks to Harbin, the...of Northeast China’s Heilongjiang province ”和常识可知，哈尔滨是黑龙江省会城市。故选B。
37．句意：哈尔滨一直积极吸引着来自中国南方的游客，这些游客被称为 “南方小土豆” 或 “南方土豆”。
bravely勇敢地；patiently耐心地； actively积极地。根据“Harbin has been...attracted tourists from southern China”可知，哈尔滨积极吸引南方游客。故选C。
38．句意：这些游客被称为 “南方小土豆” 或 “南方土豆”。
told告诉；asked要求；called叫作。根据“these visitors are...as ‘nanfang xiaotudou’ or ‘southern spuds’. ”可知，南方游客被叫作 “南方小土豆”。故选C。
39．句意：这个昵称背后的含义并不能描述中国南方人的体格，但却给南方游客带来了一种温暖熟悉的感觉。
beauty美丽；build体格，体形；weight体重。根据“ ‘nanfang xiaotudou’ ”和“but create a sense of warmth and familiarity for southern tourists.”可知，南方游客被称作小土豆不是因为体格像小土豆，而是为游客创造一种温暖熟悉的感觉。故选B。
40．句意：在为期三天的新年假期中，游客人数达到300万，收入约59亿元人民币 (8. 2675亿美元)。
For为了；Since自从；During在……期间。根据“... the three-day New Year holiday”可知，指的是在3天的假期期间。故选C。
41．句意：哈尔滨受欢迎背后的秘诀是为游客提供了近乎完美的服务。
disadvantage劣势；secret秘密，秘诀；method方法。根据“behind Harbin’s popularity”可知，指的是背后的秘诀。故选B。
42．句意：当地的冻梨被切成小块。
change into把……变成；cut into pieces把……切块；put into放入，投入。根据“The local frozen pears (冻梨) that are... small pieces”可知，冻梨被切成小块。故选B。
43．句意：商场里的古典音乐会；圣索菲亚教堂上的 “月亮” 和松花江上的热气球——所有的这些都表明（哈尔滨提供了最好的服务），尽管这个城市不那么现代化。
while当……的时候；because因为；although尽管。根据“The local frozen pears (冻梨) ”，“the classical concerts in shopping malls”和“ the hot air balloons”可知，尽管哈尔滨不是一座非常现代化的城市，但依旧提供最好的服务，此处是although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
44．句意：它努力提供最好的服务。
decision决定；service服务；development发展。根据“provide the best...”和上文语境可知，哈尔滨提供最好的服务。故选B。
45．句意：哈尔滨通过提供真正的温暖和更好的服务树立了成功的榜样，这也将使其他城市获益。
example例子；journey旅行；experience经历。根据“Harbin has set a successful...by focusing on offering truly warmth and better service,”可知，此处指哈尔滨成功地树立榜样，set an example “树立榜样”。故选A。
46．years 47．harder 48．a 49．for 50．quickly 51．shook 52．to wait 53．brought 54．them 55．and
【导语】本文讲述了约翰和波比都在一个公司做事，因为波比做事的方法不一样，波比比约翰升职快多了。
46．句意：几年后，波比已经是经理而约翰还是个职员。year年，可数名词；根据several可知，几年后，这里要用year的复数形式years。故填years。
47．句意：因为他觉得他比波比工作更加努力。hard努力；根据than Bobby可知，这里要用比较级，表示更努力，harder“更努力的”，故填harder。
48．句意：老板想了一下跟着说。根据“The boss thought for...moment and said...”可知，老板想了一下，think for a moment“想了一会”符合语境。故填a。
49．句意：谢谢你说的话。根据“Thank you...what you said...”可知，谢谢你对我说这些，thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故填for。
50．句意：约翰出去了然后很快就回来了。quick快，形容词；这里需要用副词来修饰前面的returned，quickly“很快地”，故填quickly。
51．句意：约翰摇了摇头然后走回去重新问 。shake摇，动词；根据时态这里是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，shake的过去式为shook，故填shook。
52．句意：老板让约翰稍等片刻。wait等待；tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，故填to wait。
53．句意：他们两周前从南方带回来的。bring带来；根据two days ago可知时态一般过去时，动词要用过去式，bring的过去式为brought，故填brought。
54．句意：所有西瓜质量都很棒。they他们，第三人称复数的主格；因为介词后的代词作宾语都要用宾格，故填them。
55．句意：约翰立即意识到他和波比的区别。根据“between himself...Bobby.”可知 ，在他自己和波比之间，between and“在……和……之间”符合语境。故填and。
56．Its goal is to fight against climate change. 57．It creates a gas called methane and that increases climate change. 58．They compost it, turning it into soil. 59．Because it can help plants grow better. 60．Meaningful and helpful./It helps fight against climate change./It not only recycle food waste, but also offer people rich soil.
【导语】本文介绍了罗伯特·库尔茨创立的堆肥公司，它的目标是通过回收尽可能多的食物垃圾来对抗气候变化。
56．根据“Kurtz is a manager at Rust Belt Riders.”以及“Its goal is to fight against climate (气候) change by recycling as much food waste as possible.”可知，它致力于对抗气候变化。故填Its goal is to fight against climate change.
57．根据“Wasted food ends up in landfills…Methane traps heat in the air. And that increases climate change.”可知，食物分解产生的沼气会加剧气候改变。故填It creates a gas called methane and that increases climate change.
58．根据“The company’s seven trucks and 30 employees pick up the extra food. Then they compost it, turning it into soil.”可知，他们把它变成堆肥，变成土壤。故填They compost it, turning it into soil.
59．根据“Compost soil is much more than just dirt. It’s made up of five ingredients to help plants grow better.”可知，因为它可以帮助植物生长得更好。故填Because it can help plants grow better.
60．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Meaningful and helpful./It helps fight against climate change./It not only recycles food waste, but also offers people rich soil.
61．例文
Dear Lucas.
Welcome to China! I know you are going to visit China next month, so I recommend Changsha to you. Because Changsha is one of the happiest cities in China, and Changsha has a lot of food and attractions.
When you are in Changsha, you can try Changsha stinky tofu, a local snack. At the same time, you can also visit some places of interest such as Orange Island and Yuelu Mountain.
In addition, you should pay attention to some sightseeing etiquette. First, it is important to keep the environment clean and tidy. Second, you must observe public order. Last but not least, remember to do as the locals do.
I am looking forward to your coming.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Peng
【详解】[总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一封电子邮件；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章应该包括三个方面的要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第二人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
［写作步骤］
第一步，总体介绍长沙，说明推荐长沙的理由；
第二步，介绍在长沙可以做的事情，包括小吃、著名的风景名胜等；
第三步，介绍需要注意的礼仪；
第四步，表达祝愿。
［亮点词汇］
① at the same time 在同时
② in addition 此外，另外
［高分句型］
① First, it is important to keep the environment clean and tidy. (it作形式主语)
② When you are in Changsha, you can try Changsha stinky tofu, a local snack. (when引导的时间状语从句)
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