2024届高考英语复习:语法填空模拟真题 (北京专用)(含解析)

2024年高考英语(语法填空)模拟真题 (北京专用)
(2024·北京海淀·一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
For brands to succeed, they must grasp and adapt to evolving consumer taste. Over the past decade, China 1 (witness) a shift in consumer behavior marked by the rise of guochao, a trend emphasizing nationalistic branding. Chinese consumers displayed a strong 2 (prefer) for locally-made products. Therefore, it’s crucial for brands to genuinely comprehend and honor local customs, traditions, and values. While integrating Chinese elements into marketing strategies can be effective, it should be handled thoughtfully 3 (avoid) cultural insensitivity.
(2024·北京海淀·一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, 4 can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally 5 (recognize) testing laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, 6 (safe) one is outdoors away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
(2024·北京海淀·一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A parent’s nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, 7 (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) 8 (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. 9 policemen’s quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning 10 could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion.
(2024·北京朝阳·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Terracotta Army (兵马俑) was found in 1974 near Xi’an. It is formed of more than 8,000 sculptures, which 11 (bury) alongside the emperor Qin Shi Huang more than 2,200 years ago. Now, researchers have recreated the shoes of one soldier and analysis of them 12 (suggest) that shoes worn by the terracotta sculptures were surprisingly flexible and slip resistant. If the recreated shoes 13 (true) reflect the real ones, they can help build a better picture of 14 Qin dynasty soldiers wore and how this might have aided them in battles.
(2024·北京朝阳·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Harbin, 15 (know) for its ice and snow festivals, became very popular last winter. An increasing number of tourists rushed to the “Ice City of China” to experience the best of ice and snow culture. Besides the frosty delights, the city still has much more 16 (offer) all year around, including its traditional European-style architecture, unique cuisine and cultural events. The city’s individual attractions make 17 a must-see spot no matter the weather.
(2024·北京朝阳·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, 18 job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. Zhao reproduces each element described in papers on the history of life in an artistic way, and the 19 (blank) in scientific research are filled by his logic and imagination. His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career 20 a science artist.
(2024·北京房山·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The dragon, a famous beast born from fantasy, 21 (exercise) a hold on people’s imagination over centuries. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields 22 (ensure) rich harvests. Therefore, to symbolize their
power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes 23 dragon patterns. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, 24 (proud) referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”.
(2024·北京房山·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Saturday not only marked the last day of China’s 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, 25 ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people 26 (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% 27 (compare) to last year’s holiday period.
(2024·北京房山·一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Humankind’s growing need for food is running up against thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square 28 (kilometer) of land for agriculture. 29 (transform) these largely natural habitats would squeeze more than 17,000 vertebrate species from some of their lands. But changing how and where food 30 (grow) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet without messing it up too badly,” says conservation scientist David Williams.
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 31 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 32 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 33 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 34 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
In early November in 2023, a diver, swimming off the coast of Sardinia, 35 (notice) pieces of metal on the ocean floor. He called the authorities and more divers were sent to look. The pieces turned out to be ancient Roman coins. The coins mostly lay 36 (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. It is said that
more than 30, 000 coins have been found, 37 are close to 2, 000 years old. Experts call this a major historical discovery.
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 38 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 39 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 40 wonderfully perfect English.
(2024·北京石景山·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you still discussing and getting your head round Chat GPT, 41 potential will disturb everything from marketing to education Well, Sora is about 42 (blow) those debates wide open. OpenAI’s Sora, a text-to-video AI model capable of generating 43 (remarkable) realistic and imaginative scenes from text instructions, just entered the chat room. A world where reality bends to the will of words has arrived, 44 (shape)a new era not just for technology but for humanity itself.
(2024·北京石景山·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although Start of Autumn, the 13th traditional Chinese solar term, often indicates the 45 (begin) of autumn, heat waves will not come to an end. The period of high temperatures, 46 (call) “Autumn Tiger”, usually lasts for about 30 days. Because of decreasing precipitation(降水), it is even hotter during this period than Major Heat. As the saying goes, “If it rains 47 the day of Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected.”
(2024·北京石景山·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
In my old school days, running 48 (consider) boring and painful for me. When I started to work, I realised exercise should be part of my lifestyle. Later, running became my career. Over the years, I 49 (coach) many running teams. Needless to say, running has its benefits. It is believed 50 running can decrease the risk of death. So are you currently not doing it I encourage you to start now.
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dinner party is 51 threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions ” But 52 The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations 53 (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food 54 (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner 55 tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when 56 (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is 57 (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different 58 (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, 59 (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe 60 (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used.
(2024·北京西城·一模)语法填空
Your hometown could affect your navigational (导航的) skills. New research indicates that individuals 61 (raise) in cities with structured street patterns may encounter difficulties in navigation compared to those from rural areas with more organic layouts. This conclusion was drawn from a study 62 (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, 63 tests 3-D navigation skills. However, there’s hope for city residents: an urban version of the game showed slight improvements for them.
(2024·北京西城·一模)语法填空
The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up 64 five seconds or less. Believe it or not, scientists have tested the rule. We’re sorry to report it’s not necessarily true. Bacteria can attach 65
(it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it 66 (pick) up. Food left there for five seconds or less will probably collect less bacteria than food sitting there for a longer time, but fast may not be fast enough. Floors, even clean-looking ones, harbor bacteria. Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food 67 (avoid) potential illness.
参考答案:
1.has witnessed 2.preference 3.to avoid
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的十年里,中国见证了消费者行为的转变,一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势,即“国潮”开始兴起。
1.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的十年里,中国见证了消费者行为的转变,其标志是“国潮”的兴起,这是一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势。根据句中的“Over the past decade”可知,动词使用现在完成时,主语China为单数意义,助动词应用has,故填has witnessed。
2.考查名词。句意:中国消费者对国产产品表现出强烈的偏好。此处使用名词作宾语,需要的词义为“偏好”,即preference,前有a,应用单数,故填preference。
3.考查动词不定式。句意:虽然将中国元素融入营销策略是有效的,但也要慎重处理,避免文化不敏感。分析句子结构可知,avoid在句子中不作为谓语动词使用,空格处及之后表示“目的”,因此使用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to avoid。
4.which 5.recognized 6.the safest
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多,不当释放有危害,使用充电需注意安全。
4.考查定语从句。句意:当能量以不受控制的方式释放时,它会产生热量,从而将某些内部电池组件转化为可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子,从句缺少主语,故用which。故填which。
5.考查过去分词。句意:消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池,如果电池出现损坏迹象,例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化,则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testing laboratory,表示“被认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。
6.考查形容词最高级。句意:在所有为这些设备充电的地方中,最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的”应用最高级the safest。故填the safest。
7.using 8.led 9.with 10.what
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州,警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五岁自闭症女孩,避免了悲剧发生,使她与家人重新团聚。
7.考查现在分词。句意:当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知,use在句子中不作为谓语动词使用,它和“the local police”之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词作状语,故填using。
8.考查时态。句意:热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知,句子描述的事情发生在过去,动词使用一般过去时,故填led。
9.考查介词。句意:由于警察的迅速反应,她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词,表示“由于,因为”且只能填入一个词,故填with。
10.考查宾语从句。句意:公众赞扬了该团队的效率,将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事物”,因此使用what引导宾语从句,故填what。
11.were buried 12.suggests 13.truly 14.what
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了研究者对于兵马俑鞋子的研究和发现。
11.考查动词时态和语态。句意:它由8000多尊雕塑组成,这些雕塑在2200多年前与秦始皇一起埋葬。分析句子可知,which引导非限制性定语从句,空处作从句谓语,which指代先行词sculptures,表示复数,与bury构成被动关系,且结合more than 2,200 years ago可知,描述过去的事情,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were buried。
12.考查动词时态。句意:现在,研究人员重新制作了一名士兵的鞋子,对鞋子的分析表明,兵马俑雕塑所穿的鞋子具有惊人的柔韧性和防滑性。and并列两个句子,空处为后一个句子的谓语,主语analysis为单数,suggest意思为:表明,句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填suggests。
13.考查副词。句意:如果重现的鞋子真实地反映了真实的鞋子,它们可以帮助我们更好地了解秦朝士兵的穿着,以及这对他们在战斗中的帮助。分析句子可知,空处修饰动词reflect,用副词作状语。故填truly。
14.考查宾语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知,of为介词,其后为宾语从句,从句Qin dynasty soldiers wore中wore后缺少宾语,表示事物,用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
15.known 16.to offer 17.it
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,讲述了中国冰城——哈尔滨去年冬天变成了旅游胜地,它全年都有美丽的景色和美食,是值得参观的好地方。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:哈尔滨以冰雪节而闻名,去年冬天非常受欢迎。分析句子可知,became为谓语动词,空处用非谓语动词,Harbin与know为被动关系,用过去分词作状语。故填known。
16.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了寒冷的乐趣,这座城市全年还有更多的东西可以提供,包括传统的欧式建筑,独特的美食和文化活动。分析句子可知,空处修饰much more,用不定式作后置定语。故填to offer。
17.考查代词。句意:无论天气如何,这座城市独特的景点都是必去的景点。分析句子可知,make“使得”的宾语表示“哈尔滨”这所城市,用it指代,a must-see spot作宾补。故填it。
18.whose 19.blanks 20.as
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了科学艺术家赵闯的工作内容和他的艺术作品。
18.考查定语从句。句意:赵闯是一名在北京工作的科学艺术家,他的工作是通过绘画和雕塑古代灭绝物种来连接科学和艺术。分析句子可知,空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为a science artist,作从句中job的定语,表示所属关系,用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
19.考查名词。句意:他以艺术的方式再现了生命史论文中所描述的每一个元素,科学研究中的空白也被他的逻辑和想象所填补。分析句子可知,and连接两个并列的句子,空处作后一个句子的主语,结合are可知,此处主语为复数。故填blanks。
20.考查介词。句意:2006年,他的一幅史前飞行动物的画作成为重要科学杂志《自然》的封面,这是他作为科学艺术家生涯中的一个亮点。分析句子可知,science artist为名词词组,空处缺少介词,表示“作为”用as。故填as。
21.has exercised/has been exercising 22.to ensure 23.with 24.proudly
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了中国传统文化中龙的象征意义及其在历史中的地位。
21.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:龙,一种从幻想中诞生的著名猛兽,几个世纪以来一直占据着人们的想象力。分析句子可知,exercise(运用,行使)是句中谓语动词,与主语The dragon(龙)之间是主动关系,句中有时间状语over centuries,描述从过去持续到现在的行为,用现在完成时态,也可用现在完成进行时强调行为的持续,又因主语是单数名词,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填has exercised/has been exercising。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:它们可以引起天气变化,给田地带来降雨,确保丰收。“(ensure)
rich harvests”是“bring rainfall to the fields”的目的,用不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
23.考查介词。句意:因此,为了象征他们的权力,中国古代皇帝用龙的图案装饰他们的衣服。decorate...with...是固定搭配,意为“用……装饰……”。故填with。
24.考查副词。句意:许多中国人将龙视为国家的象征,自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。提示词修饰动词referring,用副词proudly作状语,意为“自豪地”。故填proudly。
25.which 26.went 27.compared
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天,也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天,该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。
25.考查定语从句。句意:周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天,也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天,该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词film period是指电影档期,因此空格处用which引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。
26.考查时态。句意:根据一份报告,超过1.63亿人去电影院,比2023年春节假期增加了26%。根据语境可知,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式went,故填went。
27.考查非谓语动词。句意:票房收入超过80亿元,比去年同期增长18%。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是reached,空格处用非谓语动词,box-office sales和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填compared。
28.kilometers 29.Transforming/To transform 30.is grown
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是人类对食物日益增长的需求与成千上万的其他物种对空间的需求发生了冲突。
28.考查名词的复数。句意:到2050年,人类可能需要额外清理335万平方公里的农业用地。由3.35 million可知,可数名词kilometer用复数形式,故填kilometers。
29.考查动名词和不定式。句意:改变这些主要是自然栖息地,将从它们的一些土地上挤出超过17000种脊椎动物。空格处用动名词和不定式作主语,位于句首的单词首字母要大写,故填Transforming/To transform。
30.考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:但改变食物的种植方式和地点可以将影响降到最低。
从句主语food和谓语动词grow是被动关系,食物是被种植,句子描述客观事实,因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态,主语food是不可数名词,因此空格处是is grown。故填is grown。
31.have banned 32.how 33.cheating 34.educators
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些学校禁止使用ChatGPT,但许多教育工作者认为人工智能在教育中是很重要的。
31.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知,谓语动词ban使用现在完成时,主语“some schools”为复数意义,谓语复数形式,故填have banned。
32.考查宾语从句。句意:他们需要时间来制定规则,规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少状语,表示“如何”,因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句,故填how。
33.考查动名词。句意:一些老师认为这是一种作弊工具。动名词形式作定语修饰名词tool,用来表示该名词的用途、目的或场合,cheating修饰tool,意为“用来作弊的工具”,故填cheating。
34.考查名词。句意:越来越多的教育工作者表示,对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处应填名词作宾语,需要的词义为“教育工作者”,即educator,它是可数名词,前有“a growing number of ”修饰,则educator需要变复数形式,故填educators。
35.noticed 36.buried 37.which
【导语】这是一则新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时发现了数量巨大的古代硬币。
35.考查时态。句意:2023年11月初,一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时,注意到海底有金属碎片。根据句中的“in early November in 2023”可知,谓语动词使用一般过去时,故填noticed。
36.考查形容词。句意:这些硬币大多埋在离海岸不远的沙子和海草里。句中lie是系动词,需后接形容词作表语,需要的词义为“被掩埋的”,故填buried。
37.考查定语从句。句意:据说已经发现了3万多枚硬币,都有近2000年的历史。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词coins指物并在从句中作主语,用关系
代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
38.to organize 39.was opened 40.in
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位教师在波士顿教授来自世界各地的成人学生学习英语,学生取得了很大的语言进步。
38.考查动词不定式。句意:我很惊讶他们学到了足够的英语足以组织这样一个活动。由enough可知,此处使用动词不定式作结果状语,表示“……多到足以做某事”,故填to organize。
39.考查时态和语态。句意:盒子打开后,我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。根据“I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it.”以及box承受open的动作可知,从句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态,box为单数,故填was opened。
40.考查介词。句意:我们去买一件新外套!他们都用非常完美的英语喊道。使用某种语言用介词in,故填in。
41.whose 42.to blow 43.remarkably 44.shaping
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能OpenAI’s Sora。
41.考查定语从句。句意:你是否还在讨论和理解ChatGPT,它的潜力将会扰乱从市场营销到教育的一切?先行词为Chat GPT,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose。故填whose。
42.考查不定式。句意:好吧, Sora即将把这些争论彻底公开。be about to do sth“即将做某事”。故填to blow。
43.考查副词。句意:OpenAI的Sora是一种文本到视频的人工智能模型,能够根据文本指令生成非常逼真和富有想象力的场景,刚刚进入聊天室。副词remarkably修饰形容词作状语。故填remarkably。
44.考查非谓语。句意:一个现实屈从于文字意志的世界已经到来,不仅为技术,也为人类本身塑造了一个新时代。空处为非谓,表示一种自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语。故填shaping。

45.beginning 46.called 47.on
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了立秋的相关信息。
45.考查名词。句意:虽然立秋是中国传统的第13个节气,通常预示着秋天的开始,但热浪不会结束。名词beginning作宾语。the beginning of……的开始,故填beginning。
46.考查非谓语。句意:高温期被称为“秋老虎”,通常持续30天左右。分析句子可知,空处为非谓语动词,The period of high temperatures与call为被动关系,用过去分词,作后置定语,故填called。
47.考查介词。句意:俗话说:“立秋下雨万物收”。具体指某一天,介词用on。故填on。
48.was considered 49.have coached 50.that
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了跑步成了作者的职业,鼓励人们跑步。
48.考查时态语态。句意:在我上学校的时代,跑步对我来说是无聊和痛苦的。根据“In my old school days”可知,本句为一般过去时,主语 running与谓语consider为被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was considered。
49.考查时态。句意:这些年来,我执教过许多跑步队。根据“Over the years”可知,本句为现在完成时。故填have coached。
50.考查连接词。句意:人们认为跑步可以降低死亡风险。It is believed that“人们认为……”that引导主语从句,it作形式主语。故填that。
51.under 52.what 53.are sent 54.carefully
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称,晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因。
51.考查介词。句意:《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称,晚宴受到了威胁。under threat为固定搭配,意为“受到威胁”。故填under。
52.考查主语从句。句意:但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
53.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:邀请函会提前几周发出,主人会精心准备食物。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,Invitations和send out为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为复数名词,be动词用are。故填are sent。
54.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prepare,需用副词carefully,作状语。故填carefully。
55.who 56.studying 57.more
【导语】这是一段说明文。文章提到能听懂当地的笑话,可以更好的学习当地的语言,与当地人建立联系。
55.考查定语从句。句意:对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说,能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器。分析句子结构可知,该句为定语从句,先行词language leaner(语言学习者)为人,且从句中缺少主语,因此可使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。
56.考查非谓语。句意:然而,在学习一门外语时,初学者总是认为笑话很难理解。分析句子结构可知,该句已有谓语considers(认为),空处应使用非谓语,主语a beginner(初学者)与study(学习)之间是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词表示主动。故填studying。
57.考查比较级。句意:理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多。分析句子结构可知,空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂,可使用much比较级more修饰。根据than,也可知答案。故填more。
【点睛】
58.countries 59.named 60.has changed/changes
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆,但为了适应当地人的口味,有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。
58.考查名词的数。句意:中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色,在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。country“国家”是可数名词,被different修饰,应用其复数形式,作宾语。故填countries。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意:例如,以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡,是美国人喜欢吃的,因为它是甜的,油炸的。分析可知,空处为名词General Tso’s chicken的后置定语,故name应用非谓语动词形式;General Tso’s chicken和name...after“以……命名”之间为被动关系,name应用过去分词。故填named。
60.考查时态。句意:显然,为了适应不同地区的口味,食谱会发生很大的变化,这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词;此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时,也可看作陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语the recipe是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。
61.raised 62.involving 63.which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明,与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比,在有结构化街道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:一项新的研究表明,与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比,在有结构化街道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语individuals构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填raised。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意:这一结论来自一项研究,研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家,该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语study构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,故填involving。
63.考查定语从句。句意:这一结论来自一项研究,研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家,该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词game,在从句作主语,指物,故填which。
64.in 65.itself 66.is picked 67.to avoid
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了食物掉在地上,不管在多么短的时间内把它捡起来,都会有细菌附着。
64.考查介词。句意:5秒法则认为,如果你能在5秒或更短的时间内拿起食物,你就可以吃。结合句意可知,此处表示“在5秒内”,使用介词in,故填in。
65.考查反身代词。句意:细菌可以立即附着在你的食物上,不管它被吸收的速度有多快。it和主语Bacteria是同一指代对象,应用反身代词作宾语,故填itself。
66.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。it指代food,和动词pick之间是被动关系,且句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语表示单数意义,故填is picked。
67.考查非谓语动词。句意:最后,如果有疑问,放弃食物以避免潜在的疾病。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to avoid。

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