Test 1
Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, which kills an estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO. __1__．
Most people in the world consume about 10.8 grams of salt a day, more than double the level recommended by both the WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠), accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and hardens blood vessels (血管). __2__. In fact, many health organizations suggest that consumers dramatically reduce their sodium intake.
Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most Americans comes from packaged and prepared foods. __3__. Part of the reason is that years of adding too much salt to foods has reduced people's taste sensitivity. “They don't want to take the initiative to reduce sodium if there's a competitor that has a higher content of salt.” the WHO's Branca said.
__4__. They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards. The FDA also announces that it plans to change the rules for nutrition labels on food packages to indicate that they are “healthy.”
The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within weeks for most people. __5__. “Your tongues will adjust to a reduction in salt, and you'll be able to better taste the other flavors，” said Branca.
A．Sensitivity to salt returns soon
B．That's why they expect a certain amount of salt
C．Just consume no more than a teaspoon of salt a day
D．The U．N.'s health agency is calling on governments to take action
E．If more salt is kept in the body, it slowly puts up the blood pressure
F．It can also lead to brain attacks and other serious medical conditions
G．Food producers continue to add so much salt despite the known health risks
Test 2
For a long time, sports have been viewed as a way to stay healthy and in shape, but their importance goes much further.
From a social standpoint, sports are a powerful tool that brings people together and creates a sense of community. __1__ As an international student, playing pick up basketball at the gym was the fastest and easiest way to make friends.
As a student, I had very challenging classes and occasionally had to deal with bad homework or midterm grades. I learned that I am not always going to get the results that I want, but no matter what, I have to persevere and not give up. __2__
In addition to that, exercising is a great way to get out of the stressful college life that is all about homework, presentations, and group projects. __3__ I personally think that I would go crazy without going to the gym at least three times a week.
The reason most students do not play sports is because they feel lazy about it and don't have the energy for it. __4__ As a matter of fact, exercise pumps more oxygen through your blood and makes your entire system more active.
__5__ Besides just being fun, sports can help you perform better in school, relax more and worry less, deal with setbacks, work better with others and increase your energy.
A.To sum up, playing college sports has some serious benefits.
B．In short, playing sports can help students become more energetic.
C.They helped me get on very well with my teachers and classmates.
D．In fact, playing sports helps students relax and reduce their anxiety.
E．Sports gave me a positive attitude where I see falling as a way to learn.
F.They develop connections that bond together people from all walks of life.
G.However, the belief that the intense exercise will leave you exhausted is wrong.
Test 3
While it might be OK to go into your weekend without a plan, the same can't be said for college admissions. __1__， creating a college planning process is essential.
College planning is a process that involves researching potential colleges, creating a list of best fit schools, and selecting classes that match your academic goals. Before writing down a list of best fit schools, you should think about what interests you most and where your future career aspirations might lie. Reflect on the classes you enjoyed most during high school, the extracurricular activities you look forward to, and any job or internship (实习) experience that you participated in. __2__．
Since most schools offer a range of different college majors, choosing a course of study can be challenging for many students. __3__， you should keep in mind that you will likely be able to explore careers outside of this subject if you later choose to do so.
Making a college planning checklist is an easy way to stay on top of the admissions process and hold yourself accountable. __4__. Create a handful of items to complete during each year of high school to make the process feel more manageable.
__5__， it's time to set your sights on preparing for life after college. You should consider whether you're interested in attending graduate school or jumping straight into the workforce. You'll also need to think about the types of careers that will suit you best and what you can do to prepare for work in those fields.
A.While selecting a major is an important decision
B.Once you have completed your college planning journey
C．If you're looking to getting accepted into your first choice school
D．Detail some of the most important parts of the admissions process
E．Rather than letting friends or family impact which school you choose
F.Thinking about your interests and goals will help inform future decisions
G．While many students begin their college search process by researching schools nearby
Test 4
Home gardens produce delicious food.But that’s not their main virtue.
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries,identical in appearance.One came out of a supermarket box,probably harvested unripe. 1 The other was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.The first one will probably taste like a slightly sour grape while the second is likely to be sweet and rich in flavour.
Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages.They are convenient and available in the northern globe even in February.But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old tape. 2
Other people,however,think gardening is a waste of time.But the same could be said of cooking.There are cheap and decent restaurants around,so why bother to make your own meals 3 They mistake the product for the purpose.
Actually,a garden,especially in the early years,can produce little but frustration(挫败感).New gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil.Rabbits have an annoying habit of taking single bites of vegetables,then leaving the rest to go bad. 4 No matter.The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.The deepest pleasure — as with cooking,writing,bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile — is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories revolve not around the food produced,but around long afternoons with hands in the dirt.
5
A.No one can ever avoid this hard stage.
B.So why don’t we start home gardening for delicious food
C.This might explain why many people desire a home garden.
D.These people misunderstand the ultimate appeal of gardening.
E.By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the plant for days.
F.To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow,in the ground and above it.
G.And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
Test 5
Gardening can be a fun and rewarding activity for people of all ages,but it can be especially beneficial for children.
Gardening enhances children’s senses and motor skills.In addition to being able to touch the soil,use various tools and seeds,children can also spot the differences between different plants,and hear sounds of different insects. 1 .Gardening activities like digging,planting,watering,and weeding can stimulate movements of the body,particularly arms and hands,and help children learn about the natural world.
2 .Children’s curiosity about plants starts with the first seed they sow.They learn about natural process by observing the growth and fruit ripen.They also come to appreciate the vital role of insects and worms for plants and recognize that everything in nature is connected.
Plant care fosters (培养) patience and responsibility. 3 ,and children learn what it means to be responsible for something to help ensure its health.Gardening also teaches children about caring for the environment,fostering a love and respect for nature.
Gardening promotes nutrition and healthy choices for kids.Planting and cultivating (培育) plants,picking vegetables and fruit,and involving kids in cooking with what they grew will certainly result in a wish to try and consume the food they prepared.They will gladly try vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves. 4 .
Gardening gives your family bonding time.Bonding with your family is so important,but it can be hard to realize with the digital age. 5 ,which contributes to parent-child relationship.
A.Plants need regular and consistent care
B.Gardening gives you a chance to dial this back
C.Children get a head start on learning about science
D.Gardening involves scientific observations and creativity
E.It provides good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family
F.This helps children to nurture self-confidence and healthy diet habits
G.Interacting with the surrounding nature encourages the learning process
Test 6
The human brain is the command centre for the nervous system and enables thoughts,memory,movement and emotions.
1 As the population ages,the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase.It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it.
Exercise regularly.Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging.Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease. 2
Have a “right” nap.Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long. 3 While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits,anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition,the ability to think and form memories.
4 Your brain is similar to a muscle—you need to use it or lose it.There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape,such as doing crossword puzzles,reading,or playing cards.You can also learn something new such as musical instruments,drawing,or even digital bine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness.
Eat a Mediterranean diet.Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don’t follow the diet. 5 However,we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly.
A.Stay mentally active.
B.Explore new interests if possible.
C.But keep in mind that the length matters.
D.Your diet plays a large role in your brain health.
E.The benefits result from increased blood circulation.
F.Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health.
G.Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most.
Test 1
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食盐过多对健康的危害及各国政府针对减少盐摄入量采取的一些措施。
1．答案与解析：F 根据上文“Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, which kills an estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO.”可知，上文告诉我们食盐过多的危害，会导致心血管疾病，F项介绍了食盐过多会导致的其他疾病。故选F。
2．答案与解析：E 根据上文“While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠), accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and hardens blood vessels (血管).”可知，上文告诉我们盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，E项意为“如果体内摄入更多的盐，就会慢慢升高血压。”E选项能够承接上文，盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，如果摄入更多的盐，血管变窄和硬化的情况加重，就会慢慢升高血压。故选E。
3．答案与解析：G 根据上文“Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most Americans comes from packaged and prepared foods.”可知，上文告诉我们美国人摄入的大部分钠来自包装和预制食品，G项能够承接上文，食品生产在知道健康风险下，仍继续添加大量的盐，因此包装和预制食品中含有大量的盐，且能引起下文，下文介绍了为什么食品生产商要添加大量的盐。故选G。
4．答案与解析：D 根据下文“They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards.”可知，上文告诉我们有关部门对减少盐摄入量采取的一些措施，D项能够引起下文，联合国卫生机构呼吁各国政府采取行动，下文介绍的正是各国政府采取的措施。
5．答案与解析：A 根据上文“The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within weeks for most people.”可知，上文介绍的是减少盐摄入量的好处，A项能够承接上文，介绍的也是减少盐摄入量的好处，这会让你很快恢复对盐的敏感性。
Test 2
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育运动能带来的很多好处。
1．答案与解析：F 根据前文“From a social standpoint, sports are a powerful tool that brings people together and creates a sense of community.”可知，此处是讲体育对人们的社交活动有益。所以F选项“他们建立起联系，把各行各业的人联系在一起。”切合文意。故选F。
2．答案与解析：E 根据前文“I learned that I am not always going to get the results that I want, but no matter what, I have to persevere and not give up.”可知，此处是讲体育锻炼教会作者面对失败要有一种积极的态度，所以E选项“运动给了我积极的态度，我把跌倒看作是一种学习的方式。”切合文意。故选E。
3．答案与解析：B 根据前文“In addition to that, exercising is a great way to get out of the stressful college life that is all about homework, presentations, and group projects.”可知，此处是讲体育锻炼能够让大学生更加充满能量，所以B选项“简而言之，运动可以帮助学生变得更有活力。”切合文意。故选B。
4．答案与解析：G 根据前文“The reason most students do not play sports is because they feel lazy about it and don't have the energy for it.”可知，G选项和前文构成转折关系，对应转折词however。故选G。
5．答案与解析：A 根据后文“Besides just being fun, sports can help you perform better in school, relax more and worry less, deal with setbacks, work better with others and increase your energy.”可知，此处是总结运动的诸多好处，所以A选项“总而言之，参加大学体育运动有一些重要的好处。”切合文意。
Test 3
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了创建大学规划过程中应考虑到自己的兴趣、职业抱负、专业选择、大学计划清单，一旦你完成了你的大学规划之旅，就是为毕业后的生活做准备的时候。
1．答案与解析：C 根据上文“While it might be OK to go into your weekend without a plan, the same can't be said for college admissions.”可知，下文会谈到大学入学要有计划性。C项与下文“creating a college planning process is essential.”为条件关系，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选C。
2．答案与解析：F 根据上文可知，创建大学规划要考虑自己的兴趣和职业抱负。由此可知，F项承接上文，说明了兴趣和目标在大学规划中的意义，上下文衔接连贯。故选F。
3．答案与解析：A 根据上文“Since most schools offer a range of different college majors, choosing a course of study can be challenging for many students.”可知，本段主要讲述大学专业的问题。由此可知，A项为让步状语从句部分，与下文“you should keep in mind that you will likely be able to explore careers outside of this subject if you later choose to do so.”上下文衔接连贯。故选A。
4．答案与解析：D 根据上文“Making a college planning checklist is an easy way to stay on top of the admissions process and hold yourself accountable.”及下文“Create a handful of items to complete during each year of high school to make the process feel more manageable.”可知，上下文围绕admissions process中的计划展开。故选D。
5．答案与解析：B 根据下文“it's time to set your sights on preparing for life after college.”可知，B项“Once you have completed your college planning journey”为时间状语从句，为下文的时间状语，明确了为毕业后的生活做准备的时间。故选B。
Test 4
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了园艺的真正乐趣。
1.E 上文“One came out of a supermarket box,probably harvested unripe.”和下文“The other was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.”说明这颗草莓在未成熟时就摘下来了,推断出这颗草莓等待了好几天,在成熟后才装入盘子进行食用,E项“当它被放到盘子里的时候,它可能已经离开植物几天了”,承接上下文,符合语境。
2.C 由上文“But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old tape.”可知,超市的草莓和自家种的草莓的区别就好像在音乐厅听贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》和在旧磁带上听的区别,讲述了家庭花园的优点。C项“这或许可以解释为什么许多人渴望拥有一个家庭花园”和上文构成因果关系,是对上文内容的承接。
3.D 由上文“Other people,however,think gardening is a waste of time.But the same could be said of cooking.There are cheap and decent restaurants around,so why bother to make your own meals ”及下文“They mistake the product for the purpose.”可知人们对园艺是存在误解的,D项“这些人们误解了园艺的终极魅力”,承上启下,符合语境。
4.G 由上文“Actually,a garden,especially in the early years,can produce little but frustration.”,G项 “即使是专业的园丁也会因为不配合的天气而损失一季的收成”是对上文产生挫败感这个内容的举例说明。
5.F 上文“The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing,bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories revolve not around the food produced,but around long afternoons with hands in the dirt.”可知,这里讲述了做园艺活的乐趣,F项“做园艺活就是耐心地和爱护地帮助那些地上和地下的生命茁壮成长”是对做园艺这件事情意义的升华,是对上文内容的承接。
Test 5
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺给孩子们带来的好处。
1.G 下文“Gardening activities like digging,planting,watering,and weeding can stimulate movements of the body,particularly arms and hands,and help children learn about the natural world.”列举了园艺活动中与周围的自然环境的互动,并说明了它们有助于孩子们去了解自然,是对G项“Interacting with the surrounding nature encourages the learning process”的具体说明,“digging,planting,watering,and weeding”照应G项中“Interacting with the surrounding nature”,上下文语意连贯。
2.C 根据下文可知,本段主要讲园艺可以激发孩子们对自然科学的兴趣,让他们在科学学习上有一个好的开端,故C项“Children get a head start on learning about science”是本段内容的概括,适合作主题句。
3.A 根据段首主题句“Plant care fosters patience and responsibility.”可知,本段讲照顾植物培养耐心和责任感,A项“Plants need regular and consistent care”承接主题句,和下文一起说明孩子们从照顾植物这件事上学到对事物要负有责任感,上下文语意连贯。
4.F 上文“They will gladly try vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves.”提出孩子们会尝试自己种植的蔬菜和水果,F项“This helps children to nurture self-confidence and healthy diet habits(这有助于培养孩子的自信和健康的饮食习惯)”承接上文,说明这样做的结果,句中“healthy diet habits”照应上文“vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves”,上下文语意连贯。
5.E 根据下文定语从句“which contributes to parent-child relationship.”可知,设空处会提到有助于亲子关系的事情,E项“It provides good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family”中“good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family”有助于培养亲子关系,同时照应主题句中“bonding time”,上下文语意连贯。
Test 6
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。
1.F 下文“As the population ages,the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase.It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it.”指出保护大脑健康至关重要,推测其原因应该是大脑健康对人们而言很重要。选项F指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选F项。
2.E 上文“Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease.”指出,运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风险较低。选项E则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加,前后文构成因果关系,符合语境。故选E项。
3.C 上文“Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long.”指出午休对大脑健康好;下文“While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits,anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition,the ability to think and form memories.”指出,虽然午睡好,但是超过一个半小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题,这说明午睡虽重要,但要注意时长。选项C正好指出午睡时长很重要,符合语境。故选C项。
4.A 下文“Your brain is similar to a muscle—you need to use it or lose it.There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape,such as doing crossword puzzles,reading,or playing cards.”指出,大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃,而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A指出要保持精神活跃,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选A项。
5.G 下文“However,we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly.”指出了已知的一些对大脑健康有帮助的食物。选项G指出,究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还有待进一步研究,而下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物,前后文存在转折关系,也用副词However“然而”进行过渡了,上下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选G项。
