全国中考真题：2023年兰州市初中英语学业水平考试（含解析）
时间：90分钟 满分：90分
一、完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。
I told my parents that I wanted to visit my grandparents alone. I didn't see them for a long time and I 1 them a lot. Although my parents agreed, they were 2 worried about my safety.
So they told me something that would happen on the way 3 my grandparents' and encouraged me to solve the problems by myself.
When the 4 came, my parents came to the train station to see me off. While we were waiting for the train, my father gave me a letter. He told me I could read it if I felt afraid on the way. With the train moving slowly, I said 5 to them.
I looked out of the window and saw green farms and beautiful villages along the way. And I was very 6 . At one station, a tall and heavy man got on the train and sat next to me. I got a little nervous. Suddenly, I 7 what my father gave me and told me at the station. I opened the letter. It said, "Never be afraid. I'm together with you in this train. " Seeing this, I began to feel relaxed. I tried to speak with the man and he talked with me so 8 . We both felt quite happy all the way.
In our life, there are many times when we need to do something 9 . We needn't be afraid because our parents are always with us. Remember we should try 10 best to solve all the problems by ourselves.
( )1. A. missed B. helped C. thanked D. understood
( )2. A. hardly B. still C. seldom D. never
( )3. A. at B. for C. with D. to
( )4. A. day B. week C. month D. year
( )5. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. no
( )6. A. sad B. happy C. bored D. upset
( )7. A. borrowed B. refused C. remembered D. forgot
( )8. A. kindly B. angrily C. clearly D. shyly
( )9. A. slowly B. carefully C. quietly D. alone
( )10. A. my B. his C. our D. their
二、阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求，从题后所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
A
What people eat and how they eat are different from place to place. For example, in Lanzhou, people usually have beef noodles for breakfast while cheese sandwiches are very popular in London. Here are the recipe （烹饪法:) of making them. You can have a try if you like!
Food: beef noodles Ingredients: (食材) : beef, noodles, beef soup, mooli (白萝卜), garlic leek( 蒜苗 ) and red chili oil Steps : First, wash beef and boil it for about 1-2 hours. Next, wash mooli and garlic leek, and cut them into pieces. Then, make beef soup very hot, and put mooli pieces into it. After that, cook noodles then put them into a bowl. Finally, spoon beef soup over the noodles, then add beef, garlic leek pieces and red chili oil. Tips : You may add an egg or some vegetables as you like while eating.
Food: cheese sandwiches Ingredients: bread pieces, butter, cheese, tomatoes, onions, lettuce (生菜） Steps: First, put some butter on a piece of bread. Next, cut up a tomato and an onion, and put them on a sandwich. Then, put some cheese on the sandwich. After that, put some lettuce on the cheese. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. Tips: You may add meat or vegetables as you like in a sandwich.
( )11. How many recipes are talked about in the passage
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
( )12. When do people usually have beef noodles in Lanzhou according to the passage
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon.
C. In the evening. D. At night.
( )13. When noodles are cooked, .
A. make beef soup really hot
B. put them into a bowl
C. boil them for about 1-2 hours
D. cut garlic leek into pieces
( )14. Firstly, you can put some on a piece of bread when making a cheese sandwich.
A. tomatoes B. onions C. butter D. lettuce
( )15. What information can we get from the tips in the passage
A. People refuse to try new food.
B. We should eat fresh food every day.
C. More and more people like eating fast food.
D. We can add some more ingredients as we like while eating.
B
Pandas are very popular in China. People around the world like this black and white animal very much, too. Ya Ya is among them. Now let's know more about Ya Ya.
When Ya Ya was born in the Beijing Zoo, she weighed about 0. 14 kilos. For a research and protection plan, she was taken to the Memphis Zoo in Tennessee in 2003. But there was something wrong with her fur in 2006. Her health condition became worse in 2014. Experts at the Memphis Zoo and in China tried many ways but couldn't solve the problems. On April 27, Ya Ya returned to China after staying for 20 years in America. The panda was then quarantined (隔离) in Shanghai Zoo before moving to Beijing. On May 29, Ya Ya arrived at its home, the Beijing Zoo.
The Beijing Zoo has prepared a special feeding place for Ya Ya as well as feeding plans, care and medical support, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration. As she is old, she needs to rest and adapt (适应) to the new environment. So she will not be visited for a short period of time. The zoo will tell the public about Ya Ya's health condition through its official Weibo account, according to the administration.
A lot of people pay much attention to Ya Ya. They hope she will get better soon.
( )16. Where was Ya Ya born
A. In the Beijing Zoo.
B. In the Shanghai Zoo.
C. In the Memphis Zoo.
D. In the Tennessee Zoo.
( )17.When did Ya Ya come back to China
A. In 2003. B. In 2006.
C. In 2014. D. In 2023.
( )18. The Beijing Zoo has prepared something special for Ya Ya except .
A. feeding plans
B. a feeding place
C. a research and protection plan
D. care and medical support
( )19. People are not allowed to visit Ya Ya because .
A. she is taken to the Memphis Zoo
B. she is quarantined in the Shanghai Zoo
C. her health condition becomes better
D. she needs to rest and adapt to the new environment
( )20. Where can you most probably read the article
A. In a newspaper. B. In a movie poster.
C. In a travel guide. D. In a sports magazine.
C
There is a great need to search for clean and renewable（可再生的）energy to meet our needs. It seems that wind energy is a good choice. Do you know anything about wind energy
The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource. No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never reduce the supply （供应) of wind. This is its greatest advantage com-pared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil. Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What's more, the large towers, which provide the base for the wind turbines(涡轮机), don't take up lots of space. They can share land with farms.
However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages. Wind does not provide supply of energy without stopping. Even the windiest places on earth have periods of calm. If there isn’t a strong wind, wind turbines are not able to produce electricity. The large blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous for birds and bats. The turbines cause noise pollution. It can also be bad to people living around.
Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn't be forgotten.
( )21. People search for to meet their needs according to the passage.
A. electricity
B. coal and oil
C. non-renewable energy
D. clean and renewable energy
( ) 22. How many advantages of wind energy are talked about in the passage
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
( )23. What does the underlined word "They" refer to in Paragraph 2
A. The large towers.
B. Wind turbines.
C. Energy resources.
D. Renewable resources.
( )24. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. Wind energy also has some disadvantages.
B. Wind can't provide energy without stopping.
C. The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous.
D. The turbines cause noise pollution while working.
( )25. According to the passage, we know that .
A. wind energy is a non-renewable resource
B. the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable
C. the windiest areas never have periods of calm
D. wind turbines can't be dangerous for birds and bats
三、任务型完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）
(
strong places avoid easily world wear down so follow lead
)
A new study shows that 1 billion young people are at risk for hearing loss (损失）.Because music, movies, phones and concerts have a 26. influence on it. It's common for young people to listen to something too loud for a long time. Maybe it's time to turn 27. the volume (音量).
The World Health Organization ( WHO) says that millions of people around the 28. have serious hearing loss, especially young people. Because they overuse listening devices(设备). For example, too much use of earphones among them increases hearing loss. It may 29. to tinnitus (耳鸣）for a while or long time. Besides, they often visit 30. with loud music. It is reported that there are about 0.67 to1.35 billion young people joining in unsafe listening activities, 31. they are also at risk for listening loss. The earlier they are in noise environment, the more 32. they will have hearing problems.
As hearing loss is becoming worse and worse, hearing and understanding others is getting more difficult. What should you do To prevent hearing loss, you'd better 33. the advice :
Keep the volume at a safe level.
Reduce the time of 34. earphones.
35. staying in loud spaces for a long time.
Increase the distance between you and the source of the noise.
四、任务型阅读理解（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面的小题。
One afternoon, a woman visited her neighbor. When she was about to knock at the door, she heard some-one talking in the room.
A little girl said,: “ Would you like some chicken today ” Another girl said, “ No, I would like some beef.”
Hearing the words, the woman knocked at the door and went into the room. She saw them sitting at table. To her surprise, there were only some pieces of dry bread and two cold potatoes and a glass of water on the table. The woman said, "I heard you talking about chicken and beef, but... " One girl said, "I just imagined that. In this way, I think simple food will be ① ".
The other girl said happily, "When you imagine the bread as cakes, the bread will be very tasty. If you consider the bread as ice cream, it will be even more delicious."
After leaving the family, the woman realized that she had a new understanding of life. She found that the key to happiness is not from substance (物质), but from people's heart. ②She also learned that the active attitude(态度) creates wonderful life while the negative attitude wastes life.
Life is like a book. Everyone has two pens to write this book. One is picturing happiness and the other is showing sadness.
36. How did the woman feel when she entered the room and saw the foods on the table
37.请结合文意，在文中找出一个形容词填入①处，使上下文通顺、连贯。
38. In the woman's opinion, the key to happiness is from .
39.请将②处划线句子翻译成中文。
40. What do you think of the two girls
五、词汇考查（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
41. It's polite to ( say) thank you when someone helps you.
42. There isn't ( some) milk in the fridge now. Why not buy some online
43. He usually ( prefer) reading books which tell traditional Chinese stories.
44. The Great Wall is the (long) wall in the world.
45. Look, two teams are ( play) basketball on the playground.
46. -Excuse me, could you please tell me where I can get some food ( quick)
-Sure, there is a restaurant on Center Street.
47. We had a school trip last month and I ( enjoy) every minute of it.
48. Please do some (chore) in your free time.
49. This piece of music is so beautiful that I'd like to listen to it a (two) time.
50. No matter how many difficulties we meet, we believe all problems will be (solve).
六、书面表达（满分15分）
现如今外出旅游备受欢迎，但在旅游中我们也时常会看到一些不文明行为。某英文报旅游专栏正以“Traveling in Good Manners"为题，向广大学生征稿，倡导大家文明旅游。假设你是李华，请结合表格内的信息，用英语写一篇短文去投稿。
Impolite behaviors Opinions Advice
throw rubbish everywhere impolite... put. .. into dustbins...
pick flowers in a park ··· put up signs...
speak loudly in public places … make rules...
内容包括：
1.简述表格中的不文明行为（任选其中两个）；
2.提出个人观点及建议；
3.倡导文明旅游。
注意： 1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3.文中不能出现真实的人名、地名等信息；
4.文章标题和开头已给出（不计人总词数）。
提示词：tourist attractions（景区）
Traveling in Good Manners
Nowadays traveling is getting more and more popular.
2023年兰州市初中学业水平考试
快速对答案
一、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
1-5 ABDAC 6-10 BCADC
二、阅读理解（共15小题，计30分）
11-15 BABCD 16-20 ADCDA 21-25 DCAAB
三、任务型完形填空（共10题，计15分）
26. strong
27. down 28. world 29. lead 30. places 31. so 32. easily 33. follow 34. wearing 35. Avoid
四、任务型阅读理解（共5题，计10分）
36. She felt surprised. /Surprised. 37. tasty/delicious 38. people's heart
39.她还了解到积极的态度创造精彩的生活，而消极的态度是在浪费生命。
40. They are active./They have active attitude toward life. /...
五、词汇考查（共10题，计10分）
41. say 42. any 43. prefers 44. longest 45. playing 46. quickly 47. enjoyed 48. chores
49. second 50. solved
六、书面表达（共1题，计15分）请看“详解详析”
详解详析
一、【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“我”独自坐火车去看望祖父母的故事，旨在告诉我们要靠自己解决问题。
1.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很长时间没见他们，我很 他们。missed想念；helped帮助；thanked感谢；understood 理解。根据空前“I didn't see them for a long time”及常识可知，此处表示很“想念”祖父母。故选A。
2.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的父母同意了，但他们 担心我的安全。hardly几乎不；still仍然；seldom很少，不常；never 从不。根据空前的转折“Although my parents agreed”及下文“So they told me something that would happen”可知，此处表示父母仍然担心我的安全。故选B。
3.D【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意：所以他们告诉我一些 祖父母家的路上会发生的事情，并鼓励我自己解决问题。at在；for为了；with和，用；to到。on the way to sp.在去某地的路上，为固定搭配。故选D。
4.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这 到来，我的父母到车站为我送行。day天；week周；month月；year年。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示当我要去祖父母家的这天到来时。故选A。
5.C【解析】考查情景交际。句意：当火车慢慢开了的时候，我对他们说了 。sorry抱歉；hello你好；goodbye再见；no不。根据句中的“With the train moving slowly”可知，此处表示火车要离开了，我和父母道别。故选C。
6.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并且我非常 。sad悲伤的；happy开心的；bored无聊的；upset沮丧的。根据上一句“I looked out of the wind and saw green farms and beautiful villages along the way.”可知，此处表示作者看到了美丽的风景，因此推断心情是开心的。故选B。
7.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我 我父亲在车站给我的（信）和告诉我的（话）。borrowed借；refused拒绝；remembered 想起；forgot忘记。根据句中的“what my father gave me and told me”以及“1 opened the letter.”可知，此处表示想起了爸爸给我的信。故选C。
8.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试着和那个人说话，他和我说话很。kindly亲切地，温和地；angrily生气地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；shyly 害羞地。根据下文“We both felt quite happy all the way.”可知，此处表示说话很亲切。故选A。
9.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，有很多时候我们需要 做一些事情。slowly慢慢地；carefully小心地；quietly安静地；alone 独自。根据最后一段最后一句“Remember we should try 10 best to solve all the problems by ourselves.”可知，此处表示独自做一些事情。故选D。
10.C【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：记住我们应该尽 最大努力来靠我们自己解决所有问题。my我的；his他的；our我们的：heir 他/她/它们的结合句中的主语“we”和短语“by ourselves"可知，此处应表示尽我们的最大努力。故选C。
二、 A
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了牛肉面和奶酪三明治这两个食谱。
11.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的两个表格可知，本文共讨论了“beef noodles”和“cheese sandwiches"两个食谱。故选B。
12.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中“For example, in Lanzhou, people usually have beef noodles for breakfast"可知，兰州人早餐通常吃牛肉面。故选A。
13. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个表格中的"After that， cook noodles then put them into a bowl.”可知，煮好面条后把它们放进一个碗里。故选B。
14.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二个表格中的“Find， put some butter on a piece of bread.”可知，应在面包上先放一些黄油。故选C。
15.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个表格中的Tips: You may add vegetables n you like while eating.”及第二个表格中的"Tips：You may add a like in a sandwich."可知，告诉我们食用的时候可以根据自己的喜好加人一些食材。故选D.
B
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了大熊猫YY在出生后便被送往美国，之后丫丫在毛发方面出现了一些问题。在无法解决丫丫健康问题的情况下。中国于2023年将丫丫接回国，并时她进行悉心照料。
16.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“When Ya Ya was born in the Beijing zoo, she weighed about 0.14 kilos.“可知，丫Y出生在北京动物园。故选A。
17. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中"she was taken tlo the Memphis Zoo in Tennessee in 2003"及“On April 27, Ya Ya returned to China after staying for 20 years in America.”可知。YY于2003年被送往美国田纳西州孟菲斯动物园，20年后即2023年返回中国。故选D。
18.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Beijing Zoo has prepared s special feeding place for Ya Ya as well as feeding plans, care and medical support, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration."可知，北京动物园为丫丫提供了特殊的关怀照顾，并不包括研究和保护计划。故选C。
19. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“As she is old， she needs to rest and adapt（适应） to the new environment. So she will not be visited for a short period of time.”可知，人们不被允许参观丫丫是因为YY需要休息和适应新环境。故选D。
20.A 【解析】文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第三段最后一句“The zoo will tell the public about Ya Ya’s health condition through its official Weibo account, according to the administration.”可推断，我们最有可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选A。
C
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可再生资源风能的优缺点。风能不仅是可再生资源，而且是一种清洁资源。但是风能并不是源源不断的，而且它对鸟类和蝙蝠来说很危险，会产生噪音污染，对生活在风力涡轮机附近的人们也有影响。
21.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“There is a great need to search for clean and renewable (可再生的） energy to meet our needs.”可知，人们搜寻的是清洁和可再生资源。故选D。
22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource.”及第四、五句“Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What's more, the large towers, which provide the base for the wind turbines( tl), don't take up lots of space. "TJ,文中谈论了风能的三个优点。故选C。
23.【解析】代词指代题。根据第二段倒数第二句“What’s more， the large towers， which provide the base for the wind turbines（涡轮机），don't take up lots of space.”可知，“They”指代的是“the large towers”。故选A。
24. A【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段前两句"However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages.”可知，第三段主要讲了风能的缺点。故选A。
25.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil.”可知，可再生是风能最大的优点。故选B。
三、【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现在越来越多青少年出现听力损失的问题，以及听力损失的原因随着情况越来越严重，作者对此提出了预防听力损失的四点建议。
26. strong 【解析】空处缺少形容词作定语。结合句意及备选词可知此处指“有很大的影响”，strong 符合语境。故填strong。
27. down 【解析】空处缺少副词形成动副短语。结合句意及备选词可知down符合语境。turn down调低；关小，为固定搭配。故填down。
28. world 【解析】空处缺少名词。结合备选词可知，此处指around the world“全世界”。故填world。
29. lead 【解析】空处缺少动词作谓语。结合句意及备选词可知，此处指“导致耳鸣”，lead to导致。情态动词may后应用动词原形。故填lead。
30. places【解析】空处缺少名词作宾语。结合句意可知此处指“参观有嘈杂音乐的地方”，结合备选词可知places符合语境。此处应用名词的复数形式表泛指。故填places。
31.so 【解析】空处缺少连词连接两个完整的句子。结合上下文可知前后两分句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系，且前因后果，结合备选词可知so符合语境。故填so。
32. easily 【解析】空处缺少副词。结合句意可知此处指“更容易出现听力问题”，结合备选词可知easily 符合语境。该句为“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，easily的比较级为more easily。故填easily。
33. follow【解析】空处缺少动词。结合句意可知此处指“遵循以下建议”，结合备选词可知follow符合语境。had better do sth.最好做某事，此处应用动词原形。故填follow。
34. wearing【解析】空处缺少动名词。结合句意可知此处指“佩戴耳机”，结合备选词可知wear 符合语境。介词of后应用动名词。故填wearing。
35. Avoid 【解析】该句为祈使句，空处缺少动词。结合句意可知此处指“避免长时间待在嘈杂的地方”，结合备选词可知avoid符合语境。祈使句句首动词应用原形。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Avoid。
四、【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位女士在邻居家门口听到有人在谈论鸡肉和牛排，当她推门而入却发现桌上只有一些简单的食物，两个女孩告诉她通过想象就可以使这些简单的食物变得美味可口。这让这位女士意识到幸福的关键不在于物质，而在于人们的内心。
36. She felt surprised. /Surprised. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“To her surprise， there were only some pieces of dry bread and two cold potatoes and a glass of water on the table."可知她感到惊讶。
37. tasty/delicious【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中* When you imagine the bread as cakes, the bread will be very tasty. If you consider the bread as ice cream, it will be even more delicious.”可知，此处是句中“tasty”和“delicious”的同词复现，表示通过想象，简单的食物也会变得美味可口。
38. people's heart【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“She found that the key to happiness is not from substance（物质），but from people's heart，”可知，这位女士认为幸福的关键在于人们的内心。
39.她还了解到积极的态度创造精彩的生活，而消极的态度是在浪费生命。【解析】句子翻译题。该句为宾语从句，从句中包含while引导的并列句。
40. They are active./They have active attitude toward life./...【解析】开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，结合第三、四段内容描述出女孩们积极乐观的心态即可。答案不唯一，言之有理即可。
五、41.say【解析】本题考查“it's +adj. +to do sth.句型。表示“做某事是……”。故填say。
42. any【解析】本题考查some与any的用法。根据"isn't"可知该句为否定句，否定句中需将some变为any。故填any。
43. prefers【解析】本题考查动词的时态及主谓一致。根据“usually”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语He为第三人称单数，动词应用单三形式。故填 prefers。
44. longest【解析】本题考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“the”及空后“in the world”可知此处表示三者以上的比较，应用形容词的最高级。故填longest。
45. playing【解析】本题考查现在进行时动词的形式。根据“Look”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，此处应用动词的现在分词形式。故填playing。
46. quickly 【解析】本题考查副词修饰动词。分析句子结构可知此处应填副词修饰动词“get”。故填quickly。
47. enjoyed【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据空前句子的谓语动词“had”及“last month”可知句子时态为一般过去时，此处动词应用一般过去式。故填enjoyed。
48. chores【解析】本题考查名词单复数。chore为可数名词，根据空前的“some”可知此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填chores。
49. second【解析】本题考查序数词。根据“This piece of music is so beautiful”可知此处表示想再听一遍，此处应用所给基数词two的序数词形式，a second time再次。故填second。
50. solved【解析】本题考查动词的语态。主语“problems”与动词“solve”之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。已知空前已有be，此处应填动词的过去分词。故填solved。
六、【高分范文】
Traveling in Good Manners
Nowadays traveling is getting more and more popular. While traveling around, however, we often see some visitors throwing rubbish everywhere and hear someone speaking loudly in public places.
Such acts, in my opinion, not only show the rudeness of these people, but also disturb other visitors around them and ruin the beauty of nature.
To avoid these side effects, I suggest that the tourists put their waste into dustbins and keep quiet in the public. Besides, put up signs to remind people what they should do. If these don't behave well, strict rules should be made to punish those who go against them.
In a word, everyone should have good manners to keep tourist attractions a better place to enjoy.
