上海市部分区2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试题汇编
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2024届上海市宝山区高三下学期第二次教学质量监测试英语试题
Before you head out to a run event where there will be many people, you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush.
Though the risk of crowd crush is rare, it can be deadly when it happens. Crowd crush occurs when many people are packed together and begin to fall over one another. In the past, such instances have caused horrible injury and even death. To avoid such a fate, it’s best to escape the crush before it happens.
Before attending a crowded event, look up a map of the venue. This will give you an idea of the surroundings - pay special attention to any exits. Once you arrive, choosing the right spot can be crucial. Avoid the middle or front; instead, pick the back or edges of a crowd. It’s also important to trust your feelings. Stay aware to see if you feel packed in at any point. The more crowded the event becomes, the sooner you may need to retreat to a safe place.
If you do end up in a crush, here’s how you can stay safe. The most important thing you can do is stay on your feet. To do this, spread your feet apart and bend your knees a little. Also make sure to move with the flow of the crowd. Trying to move against a crowd of people will only end in disaster.
Helping others is another great way to keep everyone safe. Once one person falls down, more people tend to fall over them. So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground, help them up.
A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn’t being crushed but rather losing air. It’s best to hold out your arms in front of your chest. This allows space between you and the person in front of you. It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall.
There is usually fun where the crowds are, so enjoy yourself. But remember to stay alert!
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2024届上海市嘉定区高三二模考试英语试题
England Prohibits Phones in Schools, But Will It Help
Recently, England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day, including break times. The guidance offers schools a variety of ways to implement (实施) the ban, ranging from an order to leave all phones at home, to handing them in on arrival or keeping them in inaccessible lockers.
England’s response to the growing frustration with students’ cellphone use during school time is not unfounded. The United Nations this past summer published a report issuing a strong warning regarding technology use in schools around the globe. Some countries had already implemented strict “no-cellphone” policies. For example, France prohibited students in elementary and middle schools from using cellphones while on campus. Meanwhile, it is reported that most teens use their phones for an average of 43 minutes during school hours, with some students reaching six hours on the high end. These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety. Worse still, almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’ mobile phones.
However, some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children. “We work with children daily. We understand that a phone is a device to pay for a bus, contact your mum, and find information,” Kidron, a secondary school teacher, said. “So the device is not the issue; it is the persistent irresponsible content provided by online tech platforms that is to panies that engage with children, therefore, should offer content that is suitable for their age and development capacity.” Ghey, a concerned mother, also raised her voice on this matter, but with a different perspective. She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content.
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2024届上海市松江区高三下学期模拟考质量监控英语试卷
Why Willing to Wait
First it was the fried chicken. Then a variety of fancy milkshakes. No matter what time it is or how bad the streets smell, there are plenty of people waiting in line for hours to get their hands on the food that everyone’s talking about. If you are not the type of person crazy for trendy foods, you probably wonder why someone would like to wait in a long line just to get a taste of a popular cream tea. There is a bit of psychology behind the craze of waiting before getting one’s chopsticks on a trendy food.
People are born curiosity hunters, especially for fresh ideas, according to some experts. At the sight of a long waiting line, they just can’t help having a try. And when the trendy foods are novel in looks and favors, even innovative in their sales environment, the desire for them is upgraded. All those stimulate people to investigate more—to deal with their curiosity.
In addition, having access to something that is sought out but hard to possess equips people with a feeling that improves their self-definitions. When someone is envied due to something he gained with efforts, his self-worth gets enhanced. Although it is yet to be determined whether the number of likes he receives on the photos of foods he’s posted online is connected with the level of envy from on-lookers, that feeling automatically becomes stronger.
Even more, “mob psychology” comes into play: when many people are doing something—waiting in line for the sought-after milkshakes, for instance —others are eager to be part of the group and share such a type of social familiarity, kind of like the natural pursuit of a sense of belonging. Tasting the same wait-worthy food has something in common.
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2024届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Microplastics: Out of Sight, Out of Mind
People joke that someone suffering from paranoia (妄想症) sees danger everywhere, thinking someone is out to get him. In the case of microplastics, you don’t need to have paranoia to be worried about them being everywhere, because they basically are!
What exactly are microplastics They are particles (颗粒) of any type of plastic that are less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径). They have resulted from the plastic pollution widespread in the world today.
When plastic is exposed to environmental forces, it breaks down into these tiny particles, which, in turn, do not disappear but continue to exist for hundreds or even thousands of years. Every piece of plastic that has ever been made is still on Earth today, except for what has been burned. Often mistaken for food, plastics and microplastics in oceans and on beaches are often consumed by marine animals, which is harmful. Research has linked microplastics to cancer and other problems in animals.
Whatever you think about these particles, taking them in is easier than you think. When you heat food in a plastic dish in the microwave, microplastics get into your food. The water from a plastic water bottle contains the particles as well. After taking surveys of microplastics in air, water and seafood, scientists estimate that people may easily be eating 5 grams of plastic a week. Researchers don’t know yet if or how this will affect humans. Microplastics have been found in human tissue samples, and no one yet knows how long they stay in the human body or what problems may arise.
Not until the amount of plastic waste in the world is reduced will microplastics decrease. So, while the evidence is still missing of the effect microplastics have on people’s health, reusing and recycling plastic is a no-brainer.
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2024届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题
The ingredients of love
In modern times, finding love seems more central to people’s lives. Then, researchers wonder, can love, a highly valued emotional state, be created
To help determine the ingredients of attraction, one research paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes to get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to predict what kind of relationship they might build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened. Reports showed their initial judgments often held true. All these students seemed to distinguish at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling open to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for attractiveness. The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we assess attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic. When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to positive words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
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答案
2024届上海市宝山区高三下学期第二次教学质量监测试英语试题
【答案】范文
It’s about how to keep safe in a crowd crush. Make a good preparation beforehand, remembering exits in case of retreat. Once in a crowd, avoid falling down, move with the crowd and help each other. Moreover, hold out your arms to breathe and protect your chest and lungs. Anyway, be alert in such events.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，这是关于如何在拥挤的人群中保持安全。事先做好准备，记住撤退时的出口。一旦在人群中，避免摔倒，跟着人群移动，互相帮助。此外，伸出你的手臂呼吸，保护你的胸部和肺部。无论如何，在这种情况下要保持警惕。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Before you head out to a run event where there will be many people, you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush.
②Crowd crush occurs when many people are packed together and begin to fall over one another. In the past, such instances have caused horrible injury and even death. To avoid such a fate, it’s best to escape the crush before it happens. This will give you an idea of the surroundings - pay special attention to any exits.
③It’s best to hold out your arms in front of your chest. This allows space between you and the person in front of you. It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall.
④There is usually fun where the crowds are, so enjoy yourself. But remember to stay alert!
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
It’s about how to keep safe in a crowd crush.
Make a good preparation beforehand, remembering exits in case of retreat. Once in a crowd, avoid falling down, move with the crowd and help each other.
Moreover, hold out your arms to breathe and protect your chest and lungs.
Anyway, be alert in such events.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s about how to keep safe in a crowd crush.运用疑问词+不定式作宾语，对原文第一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
[高分句型2] Make a good preparation beforehand, remembering exits in case of retreat.用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
2024届上海市嘉定区高三二模考试英语试题
【答案】England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools. The ban is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons. However, some argue the real issue is the irresponsible content from tech platforms and ask phone makers to produce phones tailored to minors. (57 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文的体裁是议论文。文章讨论了英格兰教育部确认计划在校园内禁止学生在上课时间内使用手机的措施，包括课间休息时间。文中提到了不同学校执行禁令的方式，例如要求学生将手机留在家中，或者到校后上交手机，或者将手机锁在无法接触的储物柜中。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Recently, England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day.
②England’s response to the growing frustration with students’ cellphone use during school time is not unfounded.
③These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety. Worse still, almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’ mobile phones.
④However, some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children. She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content.
2.缜密构思
将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools, which is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons.
However, some argue that the real issue is the irresponsible content from tech platforms and ask phone makers to produce phones tailored to minors.
【点睛】[高分句型1] England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools.使用了动词不定式作宾语。
[高分句型2]：The ban is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons. 使用了since连接的原因状语从句。
2024届上海市松江区高三下学期模拟考质量监控英语试卷
【答案】范文：
Many people are keen on lining up for popular foods for some psychological reasons. First, people have the tendency to satisfy their curiosity, especially for something new. Additionally, people find themselves more valued when owning something hard to get. Last, people naturally want to be part of a community.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，出于一些心理原因，许多人热衷于排队购买受欢迎的食物。首先，人们倾向于满足自己的好奇心，尤其是对新事物。此外，当人们拥有难以得到的东西时，他们会发现自己更有价值。最后，人们自然希望成为团体的一部分。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①There is a bit of psychology behind the craze of waiting before getting one’s chopsticks on a trendy food.
②People are born curiosity hunters, especially for fresh ideas, according to some experts. All those stimulate people to investigate more—to deal with their curiosity.
③In addition, having access to something that is sought out but hard to possess equips people with a feeling that improves their self-definitions.
④Even more, “mob psychology” comes into play: when many people are doing something—waiting in line for the sought-after milkshakes, for instance —others are eager to be part of the group and share such a type of social familiarity, kind of like the natural pursuit of a sense of belonging.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3遣词造句
Many people are keen on lining up for popular foods for some psychological reasons.
First, people have the tendency to satisfy their curiosity, especially for something new.
Additionally, people find themselves more valued when owning something hard to get.
Last, people naturally want to be part of a community.
【点睛】[高分句型1] First, people have the tendency to satisfy their curiosity, especially for something new.运用不定式作后置定语对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Additionally, people find themselves more valued when owning something hard to get.用状语从句的省略对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
2024届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
【答案】Microplastics, which are tiny particles of plastic and form when plastic breaks down, are everywhere. They hardly disappear and have caused many problems to marine animals. Humans also take them in unconsciously each day. Though we remain unsure about microplastics’ effect on our health, we’d better reuse and recycle plastic to reduce plastic waste. (54 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微塑料以及它给海洋动物造成了许多问题。人类每天也会无意识地吸收它们。虽然我们仍然不确定微塑料对我们健康的影响，但我们最好对塑料进行再利用和回收，以减少塑料废物。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①They are particles (颗粒) of any type of plastic that are less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径). They have resulted from the plastic pollution widespread in the world today.
②When plastic is exposed to environmental forces, it breaks down into these tiny particles, which, in turn, do not disappear but continue to exist for hundreds or even thousands of years.
③Often mistaken for food, plastics and microplastics in oceans and on beaches are often consumed by marine animals, which is harmful.
④Researchers don’t know yet if or how this will affect humans. So, while the evidence is still missing of the effect microplastics have on people’s health, reusing and recycling plastic is a no-brainer.
2.缜密构思将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Microplastics, tiny particles formed when plastic breaks down, are ubiquitous and cause many problems for Marine animals.
Humans unconsciously absorb them every day.
While we are still unsure of the impact of microplastics on our health, we are better off reusing and recycling plastics to reduce plastic waste.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Microplastics, which are tiny particles of plastic and form when plastic breaks down, are everywhere.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]：Though we remain unsure about microplastics’ effect on our health, we’d better reuse and recycle plastic to reduce plastic waste. （运用了Though引导的让步状语从句）
2024届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题
【答案】Researchers are studying what may create love. One possible factor is the first impressions when people meet and talk to each other, no matter how long the talk lasts. The second key is the smell, through which people get information about others, just like what animals do with pheromones. Last, good appearance also matters and can cause positive thinking.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员正在研究是什么产生了爱情，以及重点介绍了可能产生爱情的三个因素。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Then, researchers wonder, can love, a highly valued emotional state, be created
②To help determine the ingredients of attraction, one research paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes to get a sense of each other’s individuality.
③In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.
④When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to positive words faster after viewing an attractive face.
2.缜密构思将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句One possible factor is the first impression people make when they meet and talk, no matter how long the conversation lasts.
The second key is smell, through which people get information about others, just as animals get information through pheromones.
Finally, a good appearance is also important and can cause positive thinking.
【点睛】[高分句型1]One possible factor is the first impressions when people meet and talk to each other, no matter how long the talk lasts.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及no matter how引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]The second key is the smell, through which people get information about others, just like what animals do with pheromones.（运用了介词through+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
