八年级下册 Units 1～2
词汇与句式练习
一、重点单词
Unit 1 What's the matter
1．matter (n.)问题；事情
2．throat (n.)咽喉；喉咙
3．neck (n.)颈；脖子
4．fever (n.)发烧
5．headache (n.)头痛
6．break (n.)间歇；休息
7．passenger (n.)乘客；旅客
8．trouble (n.)问题；苦恼
9．knee (n.)膝；膝盖
10．accident (n.)(交通)事故；意外遭遇
11．situation (n.)情况；状况
12．rock (n.)岩石
13．blood (n.)血
14．spirit (n.)勇气；意志
15．death (n.)死；死亡
16．rest (v．& n．)放松；休息
17．cough (n．& v．)咳嗽
18．risk (n．& v．)危险；风险；冒险
19．control (n．& v．)限制；约束；管理
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
20．sign (n.)标志；信号
21．feeling (n.)感觉；感触
22．journey (n.)(尤指长途)旅行；行程
23．wheel (n.)车轮；轮子
24．letter (n.)信；函
25．cheer (v.)欢呼；喝彩
26．raise (v.)募集；征集
27．carry (v.)拿；提；扛
28．lonely (adj.)孤独的；寂寞的
29．disabled (adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的
30．blind (adj.)瞎的；失明的
31．deaf (adj.)聋的
32．alone (adv.)独自；单独
33．several (pron.)几个；数个；一些
34．notice (n.)通知；通告；注意 (v.)注意到；意识到
35．volunteer (v.)义务做；自愿做 (n.)志愿者
36．change (v．& n．)变化；改变
二、词汇拓展
1．stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛 →stomach(n.)胃；腹部
have a stomachache胃痛
2．foot(n.)脚；足 →feet(pl.)
3．toothache (n.)牙痛 →tooth(n.)牙齿
4．climber(n.)登山者；攀登者 →climb(v.)攀登；攀爬
5．knife (n.)刀 →knives(pl.)
6．importance(n.)重要性；重要 →important(adj.)重要的
the importance of ……的重要性
7．satisfaction(n.)满足；满意 →satisfy(v.)使满意；使满足 →satisfied(adj.)满意的；满足的 →satisfying(adj.)令人满意的；令人满足的
8．joy(n.)高兴；愉快 →joyful(adj.)高兴的；令人愉快的
9．owner(n.)物主；主人 →own(v.)有；拥有
10．kindness (n.)仁慈；善良 →kind(adj.)慈祥的；友好的
11．lie (v.)躺；平躺 →lay(过去式) →lain(过去分词)
lie down躺下
12．hit (v.)(用手或器具)击；打 →hit(过去式/过去分词)
13．mean(v.)意思是；打算；意欲 →meant(过去式/过去分词)
14．hurt(v.)(使)疼痛；受伤 →hurt(过去式/过去分词)
15．fix (v.)修理；安装 →repair(近义词)修理；修补 fix up修理；装饰
16．imagine(v.)想象；设想 →imagination(n.)想象力
imagine doing sth．想象做某事
17．understand(v.)理解；领会 →understood(过去式/过去分词)
18．sick(adj.)生病的；有病的 →sickness(n.)疾病；恶心
19．strong(adj.)强烈的；强壮的 →strongly(adv.)坚定地；强有力地 →strength(n.)体力，力量
20．broken(adj.)破损的；残缺的 →break(v.)破碎；损坏
21．train(n.)火车(v.)训练；培训 →training(n.)训练；培训
train sb．to do sth．训练某人做某事
22．interest(n.)兴趣；关注(v.)使感兴趣；使关注 →interested(adj.)感兴趣的 →interesting (adj.)有趣的
三、重点短语
1．感冒 have a cold
2．量体温 take one's temperature
3．发烧 have a fever
4．休息 take breaks/take a break
5．下车 get off
6．切除 cut off
7．立即；马上 right away
8．陷入；参与 get into
9．习惯于……；适应于…… be/get used to
10．冒险 take risks/take a risk
11．用尽；耗尽 run out (of)
12．使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料 to one's surprise
13．掌管；管理 be in control of
14．离开；从……出来 get out of
15．打扫(或清除)干净 clean up
16．(使)变得更高兴；(使)振奋起来 cheer up
17．分发；散发 give/hand out
18．想出；提出 come up with
19．推迟 put off
20．打电话给(某人)；征召 call up
21．曾经……；过去…… used to
22．参加……选拔；试用 try out
23．赠送；捐赠 give away
24．(外貌或行为)像 take after
25．建起；设立 set up
26．影响；有作用 make a difference
四、重点句式
1．多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生们及时挽救了这个人的生命。
Thanks to Mr．Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time．
2．阿伦讲述了做正确决定，以及要把握好自己人生的重要性。
Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life.
3．她在四岁时就能够独自看书了。 She could read by herself at the age of four．
4．他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be .
语法练习
动词不定式
( C )1．(2023云南改编)It's a good habit ________ off the lights when you leave a room.
A．have turned B．turn
C．to turn D．turning
( B )2．(2023自贡改编)—I want ________ how you got to Zigong yesterday.
—By high-speed train.
A．know B．to know
C．knowing
( C )3．(2023岳阳改编)The teacher tells students ________ new words in a dictionary.
A．looking up B．look up
C．to look up
反身代词
( B )4．(2023无锡)Think about it and ask ________： have you really done everything right
A．you B．yourself
C．me D．myself
基础练习
一、根据语境或提示，完成句子
1．The football fans shout loudly to cheer the players up.
2．You speak too fast, so I can't understand what you said.
3．Have you seen the notice(通知) A scientist will give us a talk tomorrow.
4．The blind(盲的) man finds his way to the door with the help of the guide dog.
5．My friends and I often work together to raise money for the disabled.
二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1．He got great satisfaction(satisfy) from helping others in trouble.
2．The old man never feels lonely(lone), though he lives alone.
3．You can simply lie(lie) on the beach and enjoy the sunshine.
4．The car was seriously broken and it would cost a lot to repair(repair) it.
5．Western people eat with knives(knife) and forks while we Chinese eat with chopsticks.
三、小语篇特训(教材链接：人教版八年级下册Unit 2 Section B 2b改编)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
door always imagine clever I help never
What would it be like to be blind or deaf Or 1.imagine you can't walk or use your hands easily．Most people would 2.never think about this, but many people have these difficulties．I can't use my arms or legs well, so normal things like answering the telephone, opening and closing 3.doors， or carrying things are difficult for me．Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me get a special trained dog．She also thought a dog might cheer 4.me up．I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.
My dog's name is Lucky．He is very 5.clever and understands many English words．He can understand me when I give him orders．Lucky changes my life a lot.
强化练习
阅读理解(2023南充改编)
Recently, a research on how a new virtual reality(VR虚拟现实) experience educated children about the fire disasters(灾害) was done．The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire．
The findings showed that over 80% of children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices．They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire．Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn't have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.
The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage,_educate and empower the young．“As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment，” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers．“Well－designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren't as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they're often most at risk．However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated(低估)．“Children don't need to be always waiting for help in disasters．With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help，” said Weber.
( B )1．What's the purpose of the new VR experience
A．To describe children's reactions to fire disasters.
B．To teach children to save themselves in a fire.
C．To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children.
D．To increase children's interest in VR experiences.
( C )2．From the findings, what's the children's attitude(态度) towards the new VR experience
A．Doubtful． B．Worried.
C．Supportive． D．Uncertain.
( B )3．What does the underlined word “engage” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Invite． B．Attract.
C．Control． D．Raise.
( C )4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．Children make no difference in the fire safety at their homes.
B．VR experiences are mainly designed for children in high school.
C．Well－designed VR can offer children amazingly valuable learning tools.
D．91% of children believed they weren't old enough to make safety decisions.
( D )5．What is the passage mainly about
A．What children should do in the fire disasters.
B．How a new VR experience was developed.
C．Why a new VR experience became popular.
D．How a new VR experience educated children about fire safety.
