山东省潍坊市诸城市兴华初级中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期第一次学情检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
John was waiting for a girl at the station. She was his pen pal. She had helped him a lot both in school and life. They planned their first meeting for 7:00 pm at the train station.
"You'll find me easily, "she wrote, "by the red rose on my coat." So at 7:00 pm, he was in the station looking for a girl wearing red rose.
A young woman was walking toward him. She was wearing a green coat and was everything that he hoped the girl would be. But there was no red rose. Then a plain-looking（相貌平平的）woman walked past him. .She was well past 40. On her coat there was a red rose.
He didn't hesitate（犹豫）. "I'm John Blanchard and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me. May I take you to dinner " he asked.
The woman had a kind smile on her face. "I don't know, what this is about, dear," she answered, "But the young lady in the green coat just asked me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I should tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was a kind of test! "
1．How could John find the girl according to their plan
A．She would wear a green coat. B．She would be young and good-looking.
C．She would wear a red rose on her coat. D．one would wear plain clothes.
2．The girl did the test to see if John ___________________.
A．came to the meeting on time B．was young and handsome
C．could find her easily D．judged people on their looks
3．Which of the following words can best describe the girl
A．Plain-looking. B．Clever. C．Outgoing. D．Selfish.
A young man was driving down a suburban（郊区的）street, going a bit too fast in his new car. There were many kids playing between the cars parked on the side of the street.
As his car passed, a child suddenly appeared and threw a brick at the car. The man stopped the car and jumped out. He grabbed the kid and shouted at him, "What are you doing " He was very angry, "That's a new car. It will be expensive to fix the damage you did with that brick. Why did you do it "
"I'm sorry. I didn't know what else to do! It's my brother." he said, "he fell out of his wheelchair. I can't lift him up. " The boy asked the man, "Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair He's hurt and he's too heavy for me. "
The young man swallowed（吞咽）and said nothing. He lifted the kid's brother back into the wheelchair. Then the little boy pushed his brother towards their home.
The young man did not repair the dent（凹痕）in his car. He kept it to remind（提醒）himself not to, through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick to get his attention.
Sometimes, when you don't make the time to listen, life throws a brick at your head.
4．Why did the young man become angry, according to Paragraph 2
A．He drove the wrong way. B．A brick was thrown at his car.
C．A child blocked his way. D．Something was wrong with his car.
5．The boy threw a brick at the car because ________________.
A．he didn't like the car B．he hated the driver
C．he needed the driver's help D．he wanted to get a ride
6．The dent in the car reminds the young man is ______________.
A．slow down to help those in trouble B．go through life fast
C．get others’ attention D．keep the boy’s brick
7．What do you think of the young man
A．Strict. B．Smart C．Humourous. D．Helpful.
During the time it takes you to read this sentence, the population of the world have grown by ten. That may not sound much, but it is 14,000 people in an hour.
Most of these new people were born in developing countries. 8 In the developed countries of Europe and North America, the population is growing very slowly. This is because women in these countries have, on average (平均), only one or two children. 9 In the developing countries, more than one billion people already live below the poverty (贫困) line. 10 Children get little or no time at school and people suffer (遭受痛苦) from many kinds of diseases.
The UN has said that the worlds’ population will reach 12.5 billion people by the year 2100. Many experts are worrying that so fast population growth could have very bad results. 11
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项多余。
A．These people do not have enough food to eat and they live in poor housing.
B．But in the developing countries, many women have five or more children.
C．These countries are found in much of Africa, South America and parts of Asia.
D．It could hurt the environment and increase the number of poor people.
E．One of the main reason is the change of the lifestyle.
二、完形填空
完形填空
Last year, I went to Belgium from the UK to teach English. It was interesting and I 12 that there are some big differences in schools between Belgium and the UK.
In the UK, students 13 wear school uniform（校服）. I think it’s good. This is why. If students all wear the same clothes, they will feel less excluded (被排斥的) because everyone 14 the same. Also it is nice to wear school uniform because you don’t have to 15 what to wear in the morning. This saves a lot of time. 16 , the students in Belgium don’t wear school uniform.
Another difference I found is also about 17 . Teachers dress in a more relaxed way in Belgium. They wear jeans and sports shoes, for example. In the UK, 18 always dress much more orally ( 正式地）to work in a school.
As I worked with older students aged from 16 to 18. I 19 noticed that they had a lot more subjects than I did at their age. In the UK, at 16 you enter "sixth form" and you have to 20 only three to four subjects. Some people like this. But others feel that it is too 21 to make such a big choice, because the subjects you choose will have an impact（影响）on what you can study at university.
12．A．wished B．suggested C．noticed D．promised
13．A．must B．mustn’t C．may D．can't
14．A．hears B．feels C．looks D．shows
15．A．set up B．put away. C．point at D．think about
16．A．Finally B．However C．Later D．Suddenly
17．A．clothes B．food C．festivals D．weather
18．A．pupils B．coaches C．teachers D．drivers
19．A．never B．also C．sometimes D．only
20．A．remember B．lose C．compare D．choose
21．A．early B．busy C．old D．rude
三、短文填空
April 10, 2019 is a remarkable day. The whole world felt 22 (excite) on that night. For the first time in history, people saw the picture of a black hole. The picture became popular 23 (quick). But attention soon turned to Katie Bauman a computer scientist. 24 (with) her efforts, the historic picture wouldn't be possible.
25 (take) a picture of the black hole is not easy. It's like taking a photo of an orange that is on the moon (月球). Many 26 (science) kept trying. However, no one was 27 (success).
These difficulties didn't stop Bouman from trying. Three years ago, she started 28 (work) on a special computer programme. Over the years, she improved the programme many times. Finally, it turned telescope data（望远镜数据）into the black hole picture.
Bouman then became famous for her work. People thought she was one of the 29 (great) women. The young woman, however, said the efforts of her workmates 30 (be) important. “None （没有一个） of us could do it alone.” she told reporters.
“Do you want to make history as Bouman did Just work hard towards your dream. One day, you 31 (make) the impossible possible, too.”
四、翻译
32．到目前为止，他们已经学习了德语、法语和汉语。(learn)
33．我们还没有在任何其他行星上发现生命。（found）
五、书面表达
34．阅读下面对话，用第三人称概括成一篇短文，内容要点要齐全，词数40~50左右。
M: Excuse me. I’m a policeman. May I ask you some questions What’s your name
W: Helen. Feel free to ask me any question.
M: Thank you. Were you at work yesterday
W: I was on the first floor all day long.
M: Were you at the gate at 10:30
W: No, I was at the desk talking to a customer.
M: Who else was with you
W: Oh. let me see. Yes, Mike. Bill and…er, right, Betty.
M: What were they doing then
W: Mike was counting money. Bill was talking to another customer and Betty was working on the computer.
W: Were there many people in the bank And when did you leave the bank
W: Not many. There were only 3 customers. I left the bank at 4:30.
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35．相信每个人都有过旅行的经历，有的经历甚至使你终生难忘。请以“An unforgettable experience”为题写一篇英语短文，向大家描述一下你所经历的一次难忘之旅，不少于80词。
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参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了约翰去见笔友的事情。对方是一个女孩，两人之前从未见过面，女孩和约翰约定以带着红玫瑰的衣服为辨识物，但她给约翰进行了一个小测试。
1．细节理解题。根据“You'll find me easily by the red rose on my coat”，可知她会穿一件带有玫瑰的外套，故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段信息，可知女孩本身很漂亮，但是她与之换衣服的女士相貌平平，可知女孩想测试约翰是否会以貌取人，故选D。
3．推理判断题。Plain-looking相貌平平的；Clever聪明的；Outgoing外向的；Selfish自私的。根据文章，可知女孩想出这种小测试来观察对方的品性，她是很聪明的，故选B。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位男士正在郊区开车疾驰，但是被一个小男孩往车上扔了一块砖。男人起初非常生气，之后才知道小男孩是为了引起他的注意、寻求他的帮助才这么做的。这位男士感悟到生活中应该慢下脚步，关注那些需要帮助的人。
4．细节理解题。根据“As his car passed, a child suddenly appeared and threw a brick at the car”，可知是因为有人朝他的车扔砖，故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据小男孩的话“I'm sorry. I didn't know what else to do! It's my brother...Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair ”，可知他需要这位男士的帮助，故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“He kept it to remind himself not to, through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick to get his attention”，可知他是为了提醒自己慢下来，关注那些需要帮助的人，故选A。
7．推理判断题。Strict严厉的；Smart聪明的；Humourous幽默的；Helpful有帮助的。通读文章，根据这位男士最终沉默、热心地帮助了这个小男孩，可知他是一个很友善、有帮助的人，故选D。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如今世界面临着人口增长过快的问题，尤其是在发展中国家，这加剧了发展中国家的贫困问题。
8．根据上文“Most of these new people were born in developing countries”可知提及发展中国家，由此可推知此处要详细列举一些发展中国家，选项C“这些国家遍布非洲大部分地区、南美洲和亚洲部分地区。”符合语境。故选C。
9．根据上文“This is because women in these countries have, on average, only one or two children”可知在列举发达国家女性的孩子数量，说明此处要说和发展中国家的情况对比，选项B“但在发展中国家，许多妇女有五个或更多的孩子。”符合语境。故选B。
10．根据上文“In the developing countries, more than one billion people already live below the poverty (贫困) line.”可知提及到许多人生活在贫困中，说明此处要展开来描述他们的生活如何艰难，选项A“这些人没有足够的食物吃，而且居住在简陋的住房中。”符合语境。故选A。
11．根据上文“Many experts are worrying that so fast population growth could have very bad results”可知快速的人口增长会带来不好的影响，说明此处是要详细说明会有什么不好的影响，选项D“它可能会损害环境并增加贫困人口的数量。”符合语境。故选D。
12．C 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在比利时教英语期间，发现许多比利时与英国在校园生活方面的不同，如学生、教师的穿着，学生课程内容等。
12．句意：这次经历很有趣，我注意到比利时和英国的校园之间有一些不同。
wished祝愿；suggested建议；noticed注意到；promised承诺。根据“…that there are some big differences in schools between Belgium and the UK. ”，可知此处表示“察觉，注意到”，故选C。
13．句意：在英国，学生必须穿校服。
must必须；mustn’t禁止；may可能；can't不能。根据后文“If students all wear the same clothes, they will feel less excluded”，可知在英国学生是必须穿校服，这是一个规定，故选A。
14．句意：如果学生们都穿一样的衣服，那他们就会感觉自己没有被排斥，因为大家看起来都一样。
hears听见；feels感觉；looks看起来；shows展示。根据前文“If students all wear the same clothes”，大家都穿得一样，可知此处是说看起来一样，故选C。
15．句意：穿校服还有一点很好，是因为你在早晨不必去考虑要穿什么。
set up设立；put away整理；point at指向；think about考虑，思考。根据“it is nice to wear school uniform”，可知此处是“思考”之意，故选D。
16．句意：但是，比利时的学生不穿校服。
Finally最终；However然而，但是；Later之后；Suddenly突然。根据后文在说比利时截然相反的情况，可知此处表转折，故选B。
17．句意：我发现的另一个不同也是关于衣服。
clothes衣服；food食物；festivals节日；weather天气。根据后文“Teachers dress in a more relaxed way in Belgium”，还是在讲衣服，故选A。
18．句意：在英国，老师们在学校工作时总是穿得更正式。
pupils学生；coaches教练；teachers老师；drivers司机。根据该段“to work in a school”.主要在说教师的穿着，故选C。
19．句意：我还注意到他们学的科目比我在他们这个年龄时学的科目多。
never从不；also还，也；sometimes有时；only仅仅。根据句意，可知此处是说作者又有新的发现，故选B。
20．句意：在英国，16岁时你进入六年级，你只需要选择三到四门课。
remember记得；lose失去；compare比较；choose选择。根据“only three to four subjects”.可知是选择课程，故选D。
21．句意：但是其他人认为做如此重大的决定太早了。
early早的；busy繁忙的；old老的；rude粗鲁的。根据后文“because the subjects you choose will have an impact on what you can study at university”，可知这个选择至关重要，有些人不想孩子太早做选择，故选A。
【点睛】做完形填空应该根据前后文的语境，结合词性，短语，词义辨析，时态和连词，选出正确的选项。例如小题6，句意为“我发现的另一个不同也是关于衣服”。clothes衣服；food食物；festivals节日；weather天气。根据后文“Teachers dress in a more relaxed way in Belgium”，还是在讲衣服，故选A。这就是需要结合上下文的内容进行信息补足，就算暂时某个小题选不出答案，不用着急，可以再往后文看看可能会有信息提醒。
22．excited 23．quickly 24．Without 25．Taking 26．scientists 27．successful 28．to work/working 29．greatest 30．were 31．will make
【分析】文章主要介绍了多亏一位女科学家及其团队的努力，人类首次看见了黑洞的照片。
22．句意：全世界人民那晚都十分激动。空格在句中作表语，应该用形容词，excite“使……激动”，是动词，其形容词为excited/exciting此处修饰的是人，所以用excited，故填excited。
23．句意：这张照片很快变得很受欢迎。此处修饰其前动词became，所以用副词，quick“快的”，是形容词，其副词形式为quickly，故填quickly。
24．句意：没有她的努力，这幅历史性的画面不可能实现的。根据“the historic picture wouldn't be possible”可知，前句表达的是“没有”，with“有”，反义词是without“没有”，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Without。
25．句意：拍摄黑洞的照片不容易。空格在句中作主语，take是动词，应该用动名词形式，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Taking。
26．句意：许多科学家不断尝试。空格在句中作主语，空格前有many修饰，所以此处名词用复数形式；science “科学”，是名词；根据句意，此处应该是“科学家”scientist，故填scientists。
27．句意：然而，没人成功。空格在句中作表语，应该用形容词；success是名词；其形容词是successful，故填successful。
28．句意：三年前，她开始研究一个特别的电脑项目。空格在句中作宾语，start后可接动词不定式或动名词作宾语，意为“开始做某事”故填to work/working。
29．句意：人们认为她是最伟大的女性之一。此处是结构“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，意为“最……之一”， great“伟大的”，是形容词，其最高级在词尾加est，故填greatest。
30．句意：然而，这位年轻女士说她同事的努力也很重要。空格在句中作谓语，主语efforts是复数，所以此处be动词用are；又根据主句谓语动词said用一般过去时可知，此处也用一般过去时were，故填were。
31．句意：有一天，你也可以将不可能变为可能。空格在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“one day”可知，应用一般将来时结构，故填will make。
32．So far, they have learned German, French and Chinese.
【详解】结合中文可知，时态为现在完成时，需用结构have/has done。So far“到目前为止”；they“他们”复数作主语，助动词选择have；learned“学习”；German“德语”；French“法语”；and“和”；Chinese“汉语”。故填So far, they have learned German, French and Chinese.
33．We haven’t found life on other planets yet.
【详解】我们：we，作主语；没有：haven’t；发现：found；生命：life；在其它行星上：on other planets；还：yet。结合语境可知，此题为现在完成时，结构为have done。故填We haven’t found life on other planets yet.
34．例文：
A policeman asks Helen some questions. Here are her answers. Yesterday Helen was on the first floor all day long. She wasn’t at the gate at 10:30. She was talking with a customer at the desk then. In the bank, there were others doing different things. Mike was counting money. Bill was talking to another customer and Betty was working on the computer. There were only three customers in the bank. Helen left the bank at 4:30.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇小作文；
②时态：一般过去时为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，用第三人称概括成一篇短文，突出重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出主题，用第三人称描述整个事件；
第二步，具体介绍对话内容，概括成一篇短文。
[亮点词汇]
①all day long整天
②talk with与……谈话
[高分句型]
There were only three customers in the bank.（there be句型）
35．例文：
An unforgettable experience
Last summer holiday, my family went to Qingdao on holiday.
My father drove his car there. We stayed there for three days. On the first day, we went to the beach. We walked on the soft sand, enjoyed the cool wind, and swam in the sea. We had delicious sefood for lunch. We had a good time there. On the second day, we visited some places of great interest. We took some photos and bought some presents for our friends. On the third day, we visted some old friends. We were really glad when we saw each other. We spent a wonderful time together.
Qingdao is a great place to visit. I hope to go sightseeing again some day.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于话题作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：文章标题以及要点已经给出，按照要求描述一下你所经历的一次难忘之旅，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇引出话题，概述这趟难忘之旅的时间和地点；
第二步，介绍这趟旅行的具体行程，可列举具体的事例；
第三步，抒发这趟旅行带来的感受并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①go to the beach去海滩
②have a good time玩得愉快
[高分句型]
①We were really glad when we saw each other.（when引导的时间状语从句）
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