Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．The party is a chance for friends and family (congratulate) the person on the new home.
2．Taking part in some group activities is a good way to (strength) friendships.
3．It was Oct 16th, 2021, when the shenzhou XIII was successfully launched, with Wang Yaping, the first Chinese female astronaut (carry) out a space walk.
4．The first (give) us the lecture is a famous historian coming from England.
5．As the immune system weakens, it loses the ability (fight) illnesses.
6．Failure (comply) with the regulations will result in prosecution.
7．Despite difficulties he still made a resolution (proceed) with environmental causes.
8．One of the benefits of the Internet was its ability (remove) the distance that usually exists between people.
9．Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese athlete (get) Olympic gold medal.
10．The building (build) next year will be a gym.
11．We’re never going to have enough time (explore) everything!
12．I have nothing (say) on this question.
13．The next train (arrive) was from New York.
14．You are the only person in our class (admit) into Peking University.
15．The house (build) next week here will be our new library.
16．Does the way you thought of (clean) the river make any sense
17． (address) the problems, Yan improved Dai’s papermaking technology, thus saving production time and reducing labor costs.
18．I work like crazy in the summer and part-time (cover) most of my costs.
19． (help) solve the problem, we have raised some money and are helping train technical workers.
20．Indeed a lot of skillful methods are used in many advertisements (cheat) consumers, but not all ads play tricks on us.
21．We walked miles to see him, only (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
22．The plants generate enough energy (power) a town of 6,000 people.
23．I was shocked (hear) that a large number of pangolins (穿山甲) were being killed for their medical value.
24．I was not surprised (learn)that the building had fallen down, for it was built on sand.
25．Do not feel ashamed (ask)simple questions.
26．I am delighted (inform) you that this year’s music festival will be held shortly.
27．He is pleased (give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.
28．The advantages are plain (see),so you don’t need to hesitate.
29．I am very delighted (teach) you something about Tang poems.
30．I’m sorry (keep) you waiting here for so long a time.
1．to congratulate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会。分析句子结构可知，空处需要动词不定式作chance的定语。故填to congratulate。
2．strengthen
【详解】考查不定式。句意：参加一些团体活动是加强友谊的好方法。way后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是动词原形，strength的动词是strengthen，意为“加强”，故填strengthen。
3．to carry
【详解】考查非谓语动词；句意：2021年10月16日，神舟十三号载着王亚平成功发射升空，她是第一位进行太空行走的中国女宇航员。分析句子结构可知，carry为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词astronaut，当名词前有序数词the first修饰时，其后使用不定式作定语，故填to carry。
4．to give
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：第一个给我们演讲的是一位来自英国的著名历史学家。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰The first，The first to do“第一个做……”为惯用表达。故填to give。
5．to fight
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着免疫系统的衰弱，它就失去了对抗疾病的能力。名词ability后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to fight。
6．to comply
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不遵守规定将被起诉。此处为非谓语，应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词Failure，failure to do sth意为“未做某事”。故填to comply。
7．to proceed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，他仍决心继续从事环保事业。名词resolution后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的决心”，因此空处应用proceed的不定式形式。故填to proceed。
8．to remove
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网的好处之一是它能够消除人们之间通常存在的距离。ability to do...意为“做……的能力”，不定式作后置定语。故填to remove。
9．to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：徐海峰是第一位获得奥运金牌的中国运动员。Chinese athlete由the first修饰，athlete后用不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
10．to be built
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：明年要建的大楼将是一个体育馆。根据next year可知，此处应用to do不定式表示将要作后置定语。动词build意为“建造”，和主语构成被动关系。故填to be built。
11．to explore
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们永远不会有足够的时间去探索一切！分析句子可知，表示“有足够的时间做某事”应用短语have enough time to do sth。故填to explore。
12．to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：关于这个问题，我无话可说。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填to say。
13．to arrive
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：下一班到达的火车是从纽约来的。名词train被the next修饰，所以应用动词不定式作后置定语。动词arrive意为“到达”。故填to arrive。
14．to be admitted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你是我们班唯一被北大录取的人。名词person前有only修饰，故此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，且动词admit和主语You之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，故填to be admitted。
15．to be built
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：下周在这里建的房子将是我们的新图书馆。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词will be，空处应用非谓语动词，The house与build为被动关系，且由句意和next week可知，这里应用不定式的被动形式作定语，修饰名词house。故填to be built。
16．to clean
【详解】考查不定式。句意：你想的清理河流的方法有意义吗？省略关系代词的限制性定语从句you thought of修饰way，way to do sth. (做某事的方法)，clean用不定式形式作定语。故填to clean。
17．To address
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这些问题，Yan改进了Dai的造纸技术，从而节省了生产时间，降低了劳动力成本。根据句意，表示目的性，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填To address。
18．to cover
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我在夏天拼命工作，做兼职来支付大部分开销。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“work”,故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，我拼命工作的目的是去支付大部分开销。故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to cover。
19．To help
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，我们筹集了一些资金，正在帮助培训技术工人。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To help。
20．to cheat
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，许多广告都使用了很多巧妙的方法来欺骗消费者，但并不是所有的广告都在欺骗我们。be used to do sth“被用来干某事”是固定句式，不定式作目的状语。故填to cheat。
21．to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走了好几里路去看他，却发现他刚下乡去了。分析句子可知，空处表示前一句的结果，且为意外的结果，放在only后，用不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
22．to power
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工厂产生的能量足以为一个拥有6000人的小镇供电。本句谓语为generate，此处应用非谓语动词，故应用power“驱动，供应电力”的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填to power。
23．to hear
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听说大量穿山甲因其药用价值而被杀害，我感到震惊。形容词shocked后应用动词不定式作状语，表示原因。故填to hear。
24．to learn
【详解】考查动词不定式作原因状语。句意：听说那栋楼倒了，我并不感到惊讶，因为它是建在沙子上的。固定搭配：be surprised to do sth.“惊讶地做某事”，其中动词不定式作原因状语。故答案为to learn。
25．to ask
【详解】考查不定式。句意：不要羞于问简单的问题。feel ashamed to do sth意为“不好意思做某事”，不定式作原因状语，故填to ask。
26．to inform
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我很高兴地通知大家，今年的音乐节即将举行。此处考查短语be delighted to do sth，意为“高兴做某事”，设空处为动词不定式，作原因状语。故填to inform。
27．to give/to have given
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他很高兴放弃(了)富人的生活方式。根据前文He is pleased可知，形容词后应用动词不定式作状语，表示原因，此处也可以用不定式的完成式，强调动作发生在谓语动作之前。故填to give/to have given。
28．to see
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：优点显而易见，所以你不需要犹豫。形容词后用不定式作状语，构成固定句型be +adj.+to do，意为“做……事情是怎么样的”，且主语与不定式是动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，plain to see“显而易见”固定短语。故填to see。
29．to teach
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴能教你一些关于唐诗的知识。be delighted to do sth“高兴干某事”是固定短语，动词不定式作原因状语。故填to teach。
30．to keep
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我很抱歉，让你在这儿等了这么长时间。分析可知，“_______ (keep) you waiting here for so long a time”为之前“sorry(抱歉的)”的原因，此处用动词不定式做原因状语。故填to keep。
学科素养提升
二、阅读理解
A
Russia is launching a new module (舱), Nauka, for the International Space Station (ISS) after over a decade of delays. The ISS comprises modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada. Still, the main part of the station is composed of two main sections: a Russian segment (部分) and a US segment.
The Nauka module is set to lift off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on top of a Proton-M rocket at around 1500 GMT, along with a new robotic arm for the station created by the European Space Agency. At 13 metres long and weighing more than 20 tonnes, Nauka, also called the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, will be among the largest in Russia’s half. After launch, Nauka will take eight days to reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new hub for the Russian segment of the station.
“Nauka is a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems, including a new toilet and sleeping compartments for the crew,” says Anatoly Zak, editor of . “It’s a step in making the Russian segment more independent (from the US segment).”
The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then have seen development stumble(绊倒). “It’s much more complex than anything the Russian space programme has tried to build in the last few years,” says Zak.
31．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The history and task of the ISS.
B．The mission and role of Nauka.
C．The function of the new robotic arm.
D．The difficulties of launching a module.
32．What does Zak think of Nauka
A．It serves as the new center of the ISS.
B．It has a relatively comprehensive system.
C．It pushes Russia to build a separate space station.
D．It takes the lead in space exploration in the world.
33．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．It takes great time and effort to develop Nauka.
B．There is so much to explore and discover in space.
C．Russia still needs America’s help in space technology.
D．Nauka is the fruit of long-term cooperation between countries.
34．Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A．Sports and health.
B．Education and culture.
C．Nature and geography.
D．Science and technology.
B
In America, we often regard Sally Ride as the first female astronaut (宇航员). But the first woman in space is actually a Soviet astronaut who beat out 400 applicants to pilot the Vostok 6 spacecraft in 1963—twenty years before Ride took her historic spaceflight.
There was nothing in Valentina Tereshkova’s early life that showed she would become a space pioneer. Tereshkova finished school at age 16 and went to work to help support her family. She seemed to follow her mother’s footsteps as a textile factory worker, except one interest: skydiving. By the time she was 22, she was jumping out of a plane pretty regularly. And then came the space race.
By 1962, the competition to get into space had been starting between the Soviet Union and the United States for about seven years. The two countries, in an effort to do better than the other in exploring space, had each launched men into space.
During the space race, the Soviet Union and the U. S. constantly tried to be better. After putting a man in space, the obvious next step was to send a woman into space. The Soviet Union’s lead spacecraft designer, Sergey Korolyov, is said to have been helpful in the decision. There are rumors (传言) that the Soviet Union knew that the U. S. was planning to send a woman to space and wanted to beat the Americans.
Inspired by Gagarin’s flight, Tereshkova wrote to the Soviet authorities (当局) hoping for any future training program for female astronauts. The authorities answered and in early 1962 she became one of just five women accepted for astronaut training. On June 16, 1963, Tereshkova took off, eventually circling the Earth 48 times over the course of almost three days and securing her place in history as the first woman to leave the Earth’s atmosphere.
35．When did Sally Ride go into space
A．In 1963. B．In 1973. C．In 1983. D．In 1993.
36．Why did Tereshkova choose to be a textile factory worker
A．Because she thought highly of her mother.
B．Because she had to give a hand to her family.
C．Because she wanted to save money for the space race.
D．Because she was allowed to do skydiving.
37．What did Tereshkova do on knowing a woman to be sent to space
A．She suggested some training program for women.
B．She refused the Soviet authorities’ invitation.
C．She introduced herself to the training program.
D．She announced she would be the first woman in space.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kjell Lindgren wanted to be an astronaut for as long as he could remember. He spent much of his childhood abroad with his family on several U. S. Air Force 38 (base). “The idea of becoming an astronaut by serving as an Air Force test pilot seemed like the path 39 I needed to follow,” says Lindgren.
Lindgren’s hopes of becoming an astronaut, though, would come to 40 sudden stop when he was diagnosed with asthma (哮喘), a serious disease, after 41 (graduate) from the U. S. Air Force Academy. The Air Force decided to 42 (medical) fire him.
So Lindgren came to a medical school, eventually specializing in emergency medicine. As part of his training, he 43 (test) for asthma again. This time, the tests said that he didn’t have the condition. Lindgren was 44 (please) because his dreams of spaceflight returned.
Lindgren worked as a flight doctor at NASA, treating crews that were preparing for spaceflight. Then, in 2009, he was selected as a NASA astronaut. Since then, Lindgren 45 (fly) into space twice. On his trip aboard the International Space Station in 2022, he served as the commander for SpaceX Crew 4 46 170 days. Lindgren is now a member of the Artemis Team, a group of scientists and astronauts working together 47 (send) people back to the Moon in 2024.
31．B 32．B 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了俄罗斯将把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Nauka module is set to lift off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on top of a Proton-M rocket at around 1500 GMT, along with a new robotic arm for the station created by the European Space Agency. At 13 metres long and weighing more than 20 tonnes, Nauka, also called the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, will be among the largest in Russia’s half. After launch, Nauka will take eight days to reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new hub for the Russian segment of the station.(Nauka太空舱将于格林尼治标准时间1500左右从哈萨克斯坦拜科努尔航天发射场搭载质子-M火箭升空，同时搭载欧洲航天局为空间站创建的新机械臂。Nauka，也称为多用途实验室模块，长13米，重20多吨，将是俄罗斯一半地区最大的模块之一。发射后，Nauka将需要八天时间到达国际空间站。一旦连接，它将成为空间站俄罗斯段的新枢纽)”可知，本段主要讲述了新发射的太空舱的使命以及它的作用。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段的““Nauka is a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems, including a new toilet and sleeping compartments for the crew,” says Anatoly Zak, editor of .(的编辑Anatoly Zak说：“Nauka是一个科学实验室，它还为机组人员提供了许多重要的服务系统，包括一个新的厕所和睡眠舱”)”可知，Nauka集科研与服务为一体；由此可推测出，这是一个综合性太空舱。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then have seen development stumble (绊倒). “It’s much more complex than anything the Russian space programme has tried to build in the last few years,” says Zak.(Nauka的推出已经有很长一段时间了，太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代。从那时起，技术和供应问题导致了发展的停滞。“这比俄罗斯太空计划在过去几年中试图建造的任何东西都要复杂得多。”)”可知，Nauka太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代，但它经历了许多问题，而且它还比以前制造的东西要复杂。由此可推知，开发Nauka需要花费大量的时间和精力。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Russia is launching a new module (舱), Nauka, for the International Space Station (ISS) after over a decade of delays.(经过十多年的延误，俄罗斯正在为国际空间站发射一个新的太空舱Nauka)”可知，本文主要介绍了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。所以这篇文章最有可能出自杂志的“科学与技术”板块。故选D。
35．C 36．B 37．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了世界上第一位女航天员——苏联的Valentina Tereshkova。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“But the first woman in space is actually a Soviet astronaut who beat out 400 applicants to pilot the Vostok 6 spacecraft in 1963—twenty years before Ride took her historic spaceflight.(但第一位进入太空的女性实际上是一名苏联宇航员，她在1963年击败了400名申请者，成为东方6号宇宙飞船的驾驶员，比莱德进行历史性太空飞行早了20年)”可知，Valentina Tereshkova在1963年进入太空，20年后，美国女宇航员Sally Ride成功进入太空，即在1983年进入太空。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tereshkova finished school at age 16 and went to work to help support her family.(捷列什科娃在16岁时完成学业，并开始工作以帮助养家)”可知，她做纺织女工是为了帮助养家。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inspired by Gagarin’s flight, Tereshkova wrote to the Soviet authorities (当局) hoping for any future training program for female astronauts.(受到加加林飞行的启发，捷列什科娃写信给苏联当局，希望未来能有女性宇航员的培训项目)”可知，Tereshkova受Gagarin的鼓舞，给苏联当局写信希望参加未来女宇航员的训练。故选C。
38．bases 39．that/which 40．a 41．graduating 42．medically 43．was tested 44．pleased 45．has flown 46．for 47．to send
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。克杰尔·林德格伦是美国国家航空航天局宇航员队伍中的一名重要成员。文章主要介绍了他成为一名宇航员的曲折经历。
38．考查名词复数。句意：他童年的大部分时间都和家人在国外的几个美国空军基地度过。此空前的several说明此空应该用复数形式。故填bases。
39．考查定语从句。句意：林德格伦说:“当一名空军试飞员，成为一名宇航员的想法似乎是我需要遵循的道路。”定语从句修饰先行词path，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物。故填that/which。
40．考查冠词。句意：然而，从美国空军学院毕业后，林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘，他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。stop在这里作可数名词单数，前面应该用不定冠词，且sudden是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，从美国空军学院毕业后，林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘，他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。介词after后面应该用动词-ing形式。故填graduating。
42．考查副词。句意：空军决定从医学角度解雇他。修饰动词fire，应用副词medically。故填medically。
43．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作为训练的一部分，他再次接受了哮喘检查。he和test之间是被动关系，此件事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tested。
44．考查形容词。句意：这一次，检查结果显示他没有这种情况。林德格伦很高兴，因为他的太空飞行梦想又回来了。主语是Lindgren，此处表示“Lindgren感到高兴”，因此用-ed形式的形容词作表语。故填pleased。
45．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，林德格伦两次进入太空。此句中的时间状语Since then说明此空应该用现在完成时。主语是Lindgren，是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has flown。
46．考查介词。句意：在2022年登上国际空间站的旅程中，他担任了170天的SpaceX Crew 4指挥官。表示过去的一段时间内应用介词for。故填for。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：林德格伦现在是阿尔忒弥斯团队的成员，这是一个由科学家和宇航员组成的团队，他们共同努力，在2024年将人类送回月球。此处动词不定式作状语表示目的。故填to send。Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．The party is a chance for friends and family (congratulate) the person on the new home.
2．Taking part in some group activities is a good way to (strength) friendships.
3．It was Oct 16th, 2021, when the shenzhou XIII was successfully launched, with Wang Yaping, the first Chinese female astronaut (carry) out a space walk.
4．The first (give) us the lecture is a famous historian coming from England.
5．As the immune system weakens, it loses the ability (fight) illnesses.
6．Failure (comply) with the regulations will result in prosecution.
7．Despite difficulties he still made a resolution (proceed) with environmental causes.
8．One of the benefits of the Internet was its ability (remove) the distance that usually exists between people.
9．Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese athlete (get) Olympic gold medal.
10．The building (build) next year will be a gym.
11．We’re never going to have enough time (explore) everything!
12．I have nothing (say) on this question.
13．The next train (arrive) was from New York.
14．You are the only person in our class (admit) into Peking University.
15．The house (build) next week here will be our new library.
16．Does the way you thought of (clean) the river make any sense
17． (address) the problems, Yan improved Dai’s papermaking technology, thus saving production time and reducing labor costs.
18．I work like crazy in the summer and part-time (cover) most of my costs.
19． (help) solve the problem, we have raised some money and are helping train technical workers.
20．Indeed a lot of skillful methods are used in many advertisements (cheat) consumers, but not all ads play tricks on us.
21．We walked miles to see him, only (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
22．The plants generate enough energy (power) a town of 6,000 people.
23．I was shocked (hear) that a large number of pangolins (穿山甲) were being killed for their medical value.
24．I was not surprised (learn)that the building had fallen down, for it was built on sand.
25．Do not feel ashamed (ask)simple questions.
26．I am delighted (inform) you that this year’s music festival will be held shortly.
27．He is pleased (give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.
28．The advantages are plain (see),so you don’t need to hesitate.
29．I am very delighted (teach) you something about Tang poems.
30．I’m sorry (keep) you waiting here for so long a time.
学科素养提升
二、阅读理解
A
Russia is launching a new module (舱), Nauka, for the International Space Station (ISS) after over a decade of delays. The ISS comprises modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada. Still, the main part of the station is composed of two main sections: a Russian segment (部分) and a US segment.
The Nauka module is set to lift off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on top of a Proton-M rocket at around 1500 GMT, along with a new robotic arm for the station created by the European Space Agency. At 13 metres long and weighing more than 20 tonnes, Nauka, also called the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, will be among the largest in Russia’s half. After launch, Nauka will take eight days to reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new hub for the Russian segment of the station.
“Nauka is a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems, including a new toilet and sleeping compartments for the crew,” says Anatoly Zak, editor of . “It’s a step in making the Russian segment more independent (from the US segment).”
The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then have seen development stumble(绊倒). “It’s much more complex than anything the Russian space programme has tried to build in the last few years,” says Zak.
31．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The history and task of the ISS.
B．The mission and role of Nauka.
C．The function of the new robotic arm.
D．The difficulties of launching a module.
32．What does Zak think of Nauka
A．It serves as the new center of the ISS.
B．It has a relatively comprehensive system.
C．It pushes Russia to build a separate space station.
D．It takes the lead in space exploration in the world.
33．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．It takes great time and effort to develop Nauka.
B．There is so much to explore and discover in space.
C．Russia still needs America’s help in space technology.
D．Nauka is the fruit of long-term cooperation between countries.
34．Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A．Sports and health.
B．Education and culture.
C．Nature and geography.
D．Science and technology.
B
In America, we often regard Sally Ride as the first female astronaut (宇航员). But the first woman in space is actually a Soviet astronaut who beat out 400 applicants to pilot the Vostok 6 spacecraft in 1963—twenty years before Ride took her historic spaceflight.
There was nothing in Valentina Tereshkova’s early life that showed she would become a space pioneer. Tereshkova finished school at age 16 and went to work to help support her family. She seemed to follow her mother’s footsteps as a textile factory worker, except one interest: skydiving. By the time she was 22, she was jumping out of a plane pretty regularly. And then came the space race.
By 1962, the competition to get into space had been starting between the Soviet Union and the United States for about seven years. The two countries, in an effort to do better than the other in exploring space, had each launched men into space.
During the space race, the Soviet Union and the U. S. constantly tried to be better. After putting a man in space, the obvious next step was to send a woman into space. The Soviet Union’s lead spacecraft designer, Sergey Korolyov, is said to have been helpful in the decision. There are rumors (传言) that the Soviet Union knew that the U. S. was planning to send a woman to space and wanted to beat the Americans.
Inspired by Gagarin’s flight, Tereshkova wrote to the Soviet authorities (当局) hoping for any future training program for female astronauts. The authorities answered and in early 1962 she became one of just five women accepted for astronaut training. On June 16, 1963, Tereshkova took off, eventually circling the Earth 48 times over the course of almost three days and securing her place in history as the first woman to leave the Earth’s atmosphere.
35．When did Sally Ride go into space
A．In 1963. B．In 1973. C．In 1983. D．In 1993.
36．Why did Tereshkova choose to be a textile factory worker
A．Because she thought highly of her mother.
B．Because she had to give a hand to her family.
C．Because she wanted to save money for the space race.
D．Because she was allowed to do skydiving.
37．What did Tereshkova do on knowing a woman to be sent to space
A．She suggested some training program for women.
B．She refused the Soviet authorities’ invitation.
C．She introduced herself to the training program.
D．She announced she would be the first woman in space.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kjell Lindgren wanted to be an astronaut for as long as he could remember. He spent much of his childhood abroad with his family on several U. S. Air Force 38 (base). “The idea of becoming an astronaut by serving as an Air Force test pilot seemed like the path 39 I needed to follow,” says Lindgren.
Lindgren’s hopes of becoming an astronaut, though, would come to 40 sudden stop when he was diagnosed with asthma (哮喘), a serious disease, after 41 (graduate) from the U. S. Air Force Academy. The Air Force decided to 42 (medical) fire him.
So Lindgren came to a medical school, eventually specializing in emergency medicine. As part of his training, he 43 (test) for asthma again. This time, the tests said that he didn’t have the condition. Lindgren was 44 (please) because his dreams of spaceflight returned.
Lindgren worked as a flight doctor at NASA, treating crews that were preparing for spaceflight. Then, in 2009, he was selected as a NASA astronaut. Since then, Lindgren 45 (fly) into space twice. On his trip aboard the International Space Station in 2022, he served as the commander for SpaceX Crew 4 46 170 days. Lindgren is now a member of the Artemis Team, a group of scientists and astronauts working together 47 (send) people back to the Moon in 2024.
