2024年中考英语选择题专项特训:词汇辨析(含解析)

2024年中考英语选择题专项特训:词汇辨析
1.—More and more foreigners come to visit China.
—I am glad to say that’s true. We take ________ in our country.
A.pride B.prize C.praise D.problem
2.The little girl learns English well ________ watching English cartoons.
A.in B.with C.under D.by
3.If our parents do everything for us, we won’t learn to depend on ________.
A.yourself B.myself C.themselves D.ourselves
4.—Have you done the survey
—Not yet, I am in New York now. I will finish it ________ I come back.
A.even if B.as soon as C.in order that D.even though
5.________ more and more people surf the Internet for news, the traditional newspaper may not disappear in a short time.
A.Because B.Since C.Though D.Unless
6.________ developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures.
A.Except for B.Beside C.Besides D.Except
7.We all know that it’s not always what you say, but how you say it, that ________.
A.works B.matters C.practices D.devotes
8.— After the 24th Olympic Winter Games, ________ people are interested in the ice sports.
—So they are. But they have to learn how to do it ________ before trying it.
A.the number of; completely B.plenty of; properly
C.a great deal of; wisely D.lots of; simply
9.—Paul, it is five years _________ I last saw your family.
—We all miss you so much.
A.since B.until C.when D.if
10.The cake _________ really delicious. How I wish to eat it!
A.sounds B.smells C.tastes D.feels
11.—Annie’s voice is so beautiful.
—Yes. She is born with the ________ to sing.
A.head B.ability C.pride D.courage
12.Mr. Wang, my computer doesn’t work well. Can you ________ some time to fix it for me
A.spare B.pay C.show D.appear
13.Excuse me, can you show me the way to the museum I can’t find the correct ________.
A.introduction B.station C.information D.direction
14.There was a serious accident, but ________, nobody was hurt at all.
A.luckily B.carefully C.sadly D.hardly
15.He is young, but he is ________ control of a big company.
A.for B.in C.with D.from
16.________ Zhang Guimei isn’t in good health, she tries her best to help her students.
A.If B.Because C.Although D.When
17.—Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s ________ and do more exercise.
—I will. Thanks.
A.advice B.agreement C.information D.messages
18.Ms. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see ________.
A.him B.his C.her D.them
19.—I hear that you are going to see Jay’s concert. Can you ________ the ticket
—Yes, of course. I have been saving money for it.
A.afford B.pay C.spend D.cost
20.Shen Zhongfang was presented with this year’s Touching China Award for his ________ to China’s missile (导弹) programme.
A.collections B.conditions C.contributions D.conclusions
21.He dresses simply. He doesn’t care much about his ________ appearance.
A.special B.natural C.general D.personal
22.— Mary, dinner is ready.
— I don’t want to eat ________, Mum. I’m not feeling well.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
23.With homework done at school, parents are happy to find that their children ________ do many after-school activities.
A.can B.should C.must D.might
24.The best way to find yourself is to lose ________ in the service of others.
A.herself B.myself C.yourself D.himself
25.Nowadays, young people prefer a ________ lifestyle and live the way they like.
A.freer B.harder C.stricter D.tidier
26.The singer was unwise to choose a song that was ________ his ability.
A.over B.through C.beyond D.against
27.—Chinese students have become ________ over the past ten years.
—I think so. The P. E. test plays an important role.
A.stronger B.the strongest
C.the most creative D.more creative
28.As long as you are doing the right thing, what others think or say doesn’t ________.
A.afford B.decide C.mind D.matter
29.I can ________ have a better brighter future if I stop working.
A.never B.seldom C.usually D.often
30.With the development of digital payments, notes and coins ________ disappear.
A.must B.might C.may D.can
31.Crocodiles have been living on the earth ________ 200 million years ago.
A.while B.after C.since D.unless
32.Lucy’s father encouraged her to make money by ________.
A.she B.hers C.her D.herself
33.How do we share green electricity ________ each other
A.off B.on C.with D.for
34.Jenny, could you help me get the dictionary on the shelf It is ________ my reach.
A.over B.against C.beyond D.without
35.—Yuan Longping is ________ known as a rice scientist to the whole world.
—Yes, though he has passed away, he will be the ________ of China forever.
A.wide; pride B.widely; proud C.wide; proud D.widely; pride
36.Do you know who ________ the lamp and who ________ America first
A.discovered; found B.discovered; invented
C.found; discovered D.invented; discovered
37.Do you give up easily __________ you meet difficulties in your life
A.before B.until C.while D.when
38.To learn English well, we must be _______. As the saying goes, “Rome wasn’t built in a day.”
A.young B.patient C.helpful D.confident
39.Nobody can hear you _______ you speak in a louder voice.
A.when B.if C.unless D.after
40.Learning a skill __________ practice. You will never be able to swim just by watching videos.
A.respects B.reminds C.represents D.requires
41.Though many things go __________ our will, we can’t give up because it’s valuable to follow dreams.
A.through B.beyond C.against D.towards
42.Jenny feels sad about the __________ of the photos she took in Canada, as this was a memory she especially treasured.
A.cause B.truth C.loss D.victory
43.Tan Dun is __________ enough to make music out of objects like stones and paper.
A.calm B.careful C.creative D.curious
44.—Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the museum
—Turn left at the second turning and walk straight on __________ you see a tall grey building.
A.until B.if C.whether D.since
45.Mum must be cooking fish in the kitchen. It __________ great!
A.tastes B.feels C.sounds D.smells
46.Reading makes a full man. It can bring us __________ new every day.
A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
47.The young man will be set free soon ________ the police have new evidence to prove him guilty.
A.because B.unless C.since D.until
48.The parking lot is full, but you can park on ________ side of the street.
A.neither B.both C.either D.all
49.The Yangtze River is ________ than any other river in China. It’s more than 6,300 kilometers long.
A.long B.short C.longer D.shorter
50.The School Day is _______ the morning of April 19th. Let’s go there _______ our bike.
A.in; by B.in; on C.on; by D.on; on
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:——越来越多的外国人来中国旅游。——我很高兴地说这是真的。我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。
考查名词辨析。pride骄傲;prize奖品;praise赞扬;problem问题。根据“More and more foreigners come to visit China.”以及“We take...in our country”可知越来越多的外国人来中国旅游,所以我们为我们的国家感到骄傲,take pride in意为“以……为傲”,故选A。
2.D
【详解】句意:这个小女孩通过看英语动画片学好英语。
考查介词辨析。in在里面;with和;under在下面;by通过。根据“learns English well...watching English cartoons.”可知,看英语动画片是学好英语的方式,表示方式手段,应用介词by。故选D。
3.D
【详解】句意:如果我们的父母为我们做一切,我们就不会学会依靠自己。
考查反身代词。yourself你自己;myself我自己;themselves他们自己;ourselves我们自己。根据“we won’t learn to depend on”可知,应说要学会靠我们自己。故选D。
4.B
【详解】句意:——你做过调查了吗?——还没有,我此刻在纽约。我一回来就把它做完。
考查从属连词。even if虽然;as soon as一……就;in order that为了;even though虽然。根据“I come back”可知,应说一回来就做调查。故选B。
5.C
【详解】句意:尽管越来越多的人上网看新闻,但传统报纸可能不会在短时间内消失。
考查名词辨析。because因为;since自从;though虽然;unless除非。分析两句可知,前后两句是让步关系,用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:除了发展贸易外,航海还鼓励了文化交流。
考查介词辨析。Except for除了,后面的事物不包括在内;Beside在……旁边;Besides除……之外,后面的事物包括在内;Except除了,后面的事物不包括在内。根据“developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures.”可知,航海既能发展贸易还能促进文化交流,所以航海是包括前后两个方面的作用,因此用besides连接。故选C。
7.B
【详解】句意:我们都知道,重要的并不总是你说什么,而是你怎么说。
考查动词辨析。works工作;matters要紧;practices练习;devotes奉献。根据“We all know that it’s not always what you say, but how you say it, that”可知重要的并不总是你说什么,而是你怎么说,matters符合语境。故选B。
8.B
【详解】句意:——第24届冬奥会后,很多人对冰上运动感兴趣。——他们就是这样。但在尝试之前,他们必须学会如何正确地做这件事。
考查形容词短语和副词辨析。the number of……的数量;plenty of很多,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词;a great deal of大量的,修饰不可数名词;lots of很多,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据“...people are...”可知,the number of后的谓语动词应用单数形式,排除A;people为集合名词,排除C。completely完全地;properly正确地;wisely明智地;simply简单地。根据“they have to learn how to do it...before trying it”可知,尝试之前首先要学习正确的方法,B选项符合语境。故选B。
9.A
【详解】句意:——保罗,自从我上次见到你的家人已经五年了。——我们都很想你。
考查连词辨析。since自从;until直到;when当……时;if如果。根据“it is five years ... I last saw your family.”可知,此处是句型it is+时间段+since+从句“自从……已经多少时间了”。故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:这蛋糕闻起来真香。我多么想吃它啊!
考查动词。sounds听起来;smells闻起来;tastes品尝起来;feels摸起来。根据主语the cake可知,蛋糕闻起来好吃,因此用动词smells,故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:——安妮的声音太动听了。——是的。她天生就有唱歌的才能。
考查名词词义辨析。head头;ability才能;pride自豪;courage勇气。根据“Annie’s voice is so beautiful.”及“Yes.”可知,此处指她天生就有唱歌的才能。故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:王先生,我的电脑坏了。你能抽出时间帮我修一下吗?
考查动词辨析。spare抽出;pay付款;show展示;appear出现。根据“some time to fix it for me ”可知,指的是抽时间帮忙修理电脑,故选A。
13.D
【详解】句意:对不起,你能告诉我去博物馆怎么走吗?我找不到正确的方向。
考查名词辨析。introduction介绍;station车站;information信息;direction方向。根据“Excuse me, can you show me the way to the museum ”可知,是在问路,应是不知道方向。故选D。
14.A
【详解】句意:发生了严重的事故,但幸运的是,根本没有人受伤。
考查副词辨析。luckily幸运地;carefully仔细地;sadly难过地;hardly几乎不。根据“nobody was hurt at all.”可知,没有人在事故中受伤,这是很幸运地。故选A。
15.B
【详解】句意:他很年轻,但是他掌控一个大的公司。
考查介词辨析。for对于;in在……里;with和;from从。短语in control表示“控制,管理”。故选B。
16.C
【详解】句意:虽然张桂梅身体不好,但她尽最大努力帮助她的学生。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果;because因为;although虽然;when当……时。分析句子可知,前后构成让步关系,用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
17.A
【详解】句意:——贝蒂,你最好听从医生的建议,多做运动。——我会的。谢谢。
考查名词辨析。advice建议;agreement同意;information信息;messages消息。根据“Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s ... and do more exercise.”可知,此处指遵循医生的建议,并多做运动。故选A。
18.C
【详解】句意:王女士要来我们学校。我等不及要见她了。
考查代词辨析。him他;his他的;her她,她的;them他们。动词see后应跟宾格代词作宾语,且根据“Ms. Wang is coming to our school”可知,此处指代Ms. Wang,为女性,宾格代词用her。故选C。
19.A
【详解】句意:——我听说你要去看杰伦的演唱会。你买得起票吗?——是的,当然。我一直在为它存钱。
考查动词词义辨析。afford负担得起,宾语是物;pay支付,宾语是钱;spend花费,宾语为时间或钱;cost花费,主语是物。根据“Can you...the ticket”可知,此处表达负担得起票吗,宾语是物。故选A。
20.C
【详解】句意:沈忠芳因其对中国导弹计划的贡献而被授予今年的“感动中国奖”。
考查名词辨析。collections收集;conditions状况;contributions贡献;conclusions结论。根据“China’s missile programme.”可知,此处说的是因贡献被授予奖项。故选C。
21.D
【详解】句意:他穿着朴素。他不太关心他的个人形象。
考查形容词词义辨析。special特别的;natural自然的;general一般的;personal个人的。根据“He doesn’t care much about his...appearance”可知,是不在乎个人形象。故选D。
22.B
【详解】句意:——玛丽,晚饭准备好了。——我什么也不想吃,妈妈。我觉得不舒服。
考查不定代词。something某事、某物;anything任何东西;everything一切;nothing没有什么。根据“I’m not feeling well.”可知,是什么也不想吃,此处表示完全否定,应使用anything用于否定句中。故选B。
23.A
【详解】句意:在学校完成作业后,家长们很高兴地发现他们的孩子可以参加许多课外活动。
考查情态动词辨析。can能;should应该;must必须;might可能。根据“do many after-school activities”可知,此处指完成作业后能参加课外活动。故选A。
24.C
【详解】句意:找到自我最好的方式,就是全身心投入到为别人服务当中。
考查反身代词。herself她自己;myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己。根据“find yourself”可知,指“你自己”全身心投入。故选C。
25.A
【详解】句意:现在,年轻人喜欢更自由的生活方式并且按照他们喜欢的方式生活。
考查形容词辨析。freer更自由的;harder更困难的;stricter更严厉的;tidier更整洁的。根据“young people prefer a...lifestyle and live the way they like”可知,年轻人喜欢更自由的生活方式。故选A。
26.C
【详解】句意:这位歌手选了一首超出他能力的歌是不明智的。
考查介词。over在……上方;through通过;beyond超越;against反对。根据“The singer was unwise”可知,应是选了超出了他的能力的歌,beyond one’s ability“超出某人的能力”,固定搭配。故选C。
27.A
【详解】句意:——在过去的十年里,中国学生变得更强壮了。——我也这样认为。体育考试起着重要的作用。
考查形容词。stronger更强壮;the strongest最强壮的;the most creative最有创造力的;more creative更有创造力的。根据“The P. E. test plays an important role.”可知,学生上体育课,变得更强壮了,根据“over the past ten years”可知,过去了十年,因此发生了变化,用比较级,故选A。
28.D
【详解】句意:只要你在做正确的事,别人怎么想或说什么都不重要。
考查动词辨析。afford负担得起;decide决定;mind介意;matter重要。根据“As long as you are doing the right thing”可知,此处想表达“别人怎么想或说什么都不重要”这一含义,因此需要选择表示“重要”的词语,故选D。
29.A
【详解】句意:如果我停止工作,我永远不会有一个更光明的未来。
考查副词词义辨析。never决不;seldom不常;usually通常;often经常。根据空后的“if I stop working”可知,此处指我永远不会有一个更光明的未来。故选A。
30.C
【详解】句意:随着数字支付的发展,纸币和硬币可能会消失。
考查情态动词。must一定;might可能,may的过去式;may可能;can能够。根据“With the development of digital payments, notes and coins…disappear.”的句意可知,此处表示对将来情况的没有把握的推测,应用may。故选C。
31.C
【详解】句意:自2亿年前以来,鳄鱼就一直生活在地球上。
考查连词及介词词义辨析。while当……的时候;after在……之后;since自从;unless除非。根据“Crocodiles have been living on the earth…200 million years ago.”可知,此处是含有since的现在完成时,表示从2亿年前以来鳄鱼就一直在地球上生活。故选C。
32.D
【详解】句意:露西的父亲鼓励她自己赚钱。
考查代词辨析。she她,主格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;her她/她的,宾格/形容词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。由“Lucy’s father encouraged her to make money by…”可知,此处强调露西她自己去赚钱,应用反身代词。故选D。
33.C
【详解】句意:我们如何共享绿色电力?
考查介词辨析和动词短语。off离开;on在上面;with和;for为了。share...with...“和……分享……”,故选C。
34.C
【详解】句意:珍妮,你能帮我把书架上的字典拿来吗?我够不着。
考查介词辨析。over在……上方;against反对;beyond超过,超出;without没有。根据“could you help me get the dictionary on the shelf It is…my reach.”可知,超出了我能拿到的范围,所以需要帮忙。故选C。
35.D
【详解】句意:——袁隆平是举世闻名的水稻科学家。——是的,虽然他已经去世,但他将永远是中国的骄傲。
考查词汇辨析。wide广泛的,形容词;widely普遍地,副词;pride自豪,名词;proud骄傲的,形容词。第一处修饰动词know,应用副词widely;第二处前有定冠词the,后接名词,应用pride。故选D。
36.D
【详解】句意:你知道是谁发明了灯,又是谁首先发现了美洲吗?
考查动词辨析。invent发明,指创造出以前没有的事物;discover发现,指发现本就存在的人、物或规律;find发现,指找到丢失的东西或发现事实、真相。第一个空后的lamp“灯”是以前没有的东西,应用invent;第二个空后的America“美洲”是本就存在的,应用discover。故选D。
37.D
【详解】句意:当你在生活中遇到困难时,你会轻易放弃吗?
考查连词辨析。before在……之前;until直到;while当……时,从句中用延续性动词;when当……时,从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以用延续性动词。根据“Do you give up easily ... you meet difficulties in your life ”可知,此处是指当你遇到困难你会放弃吗,meet为终止性动词,用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。
38.B
【详解】句意:要学好英语,我们必须有耐心。俗话说:“罗马不是一天建成的。”
考查形容词辨析。young年轻的;patient耐心的;helpful有帮助的;confident有信心的。根据“Rome wasn’t built in a day.”可知,应说要有耐心。故选B。
39.C
【详解】句意:除非你说话的声音大一点,否则没人能听见。
考查连词辨析。when当……时;if如果;unless除非;after在……以后。根据“you speak in a louder voice.”可知,应说“除非”你说话的声音大一点,否则没人能听到。故选C。
40.D
【详解】句意:学习一项技能需要练习。你永远不会仅仅靠看视频就能游泳。
考查动词辨析。respect尊重;remind提醒;represent代表;require需要。根据“Learning a skill...practice.”可知,此处指学习技能需要练习。故选D。
41.C
【详解】句意:尽管很多事情都违背了我们的意愿,但我们不能放弃,因为追随梦想是有价值的。
考查介词辨析。through通过;beyond超过;against违背;towards朝向。根据“our will, we can’t give up because it’s valuable to follow dreams.”可知虽然违背我们的意愿,但是不能放弃,go against“违背”。故选C。
42.C
【详解】句意:珍妮对她在加拿大拍的照片丢失感到难过,因为这是她特别珍视的回忆。
考查名词辨析。cause起因;truth事实;loss丢失;victory胜利。根据“as this was a memory she especially treasured.”可知,此处是指对照片的丢失感到难过。故选C。
43.C
【详解】句意:谭盾很有创造力,他可以用石头和纸等物品制作音乐。
考查形容词辨析。calm冷静的;careful小心的;creative有创造力的;curious好奇的。根据“make music out of objects like stones and paper”可知,用石头和纸演奏音乐需要创造力。故选C。
44.A
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我去博物馆怎么走吗?——在第二个转弯处左转,一直往前走,直到你看到一栋灰色的高楼。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;whether是否;since自从。根据“Turn left at the second turning and walk straight on...you see a tall grey building.”可知,此处指一直走,直到看到灰色的大楼。故选A。
45.D
【详解】句意:妈妈一定在厨房做鱼。闻起来好香!
考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来;feels摸起来;sounds听起来;smells闻起来。根据“Mum must be cooking fish in the kitchen.”可知,此处指闻到了做鱼的味道。故选D。
46.B
【详解】句意:读书使人充实。它每天都能给我们带来新的东西。
考查代词辨析。everything所有东西;something某个东西;anything任何东西;nothing没有东西。根据“bring us...new every day”可知是每天带来一些新的东西,肯定句中用something。故选B。
47.B
【详解】句意:除非警方有新的证据证明这个年轻人有罪,否则他很快就会被释放。
考查连词词义辨析。because因为;unless除非;since自从;until直到。根据句意可知,此处表示当从句的条件不被满足时,主句中的动作才会发生,所以应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
48.C
【详解】句意:停车场已经满了,但你可以把车停在街道的任意一边。
考查代词词义辨析。neither两者都不;both两者都(后接名词的复数形式);either任何一个(两者中的任何一个,后接名词的单数形式);all所有(三者或三者以上)。分析“side of the street”可知,街道有两边,side是单数形式,所以此处指街道的任意一边,故选C。
49.C
【详解】句意:长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。它有6300多公里长。
考查形容词辨析及用法。long长的;short短的;longer更长的,比较级;shorter更短的,比较级。根据than可知,设空处应用比较级形式,结合常识可知,长江比中国其他河流都长。故选C。
50.D
【详解】句意:学校日在4月19日的早晨。让我们骑自行车去那里吧。
考查介词辨析。in在较长时间;on在具体某一天;在……上;by通过。根据“ the morning of April 19th”可知在具体某一天的早晨,用介词on;by表交通工具,直接加bike,on one’s bike表示“骑自行车”。故选D。

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