2024年中考英语高频考点精讲——宾语从句
前测
(近年全国中考真题改编)
1. —What great progress Huawei ___________ (make) in recent years!
—No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.
2. I ___________ (live) abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.
3. Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea level to rise. Since 1993, sea level ___________ (rise) at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.
4. —Hi, Tom! ________ you ever ________ the Bird’s Nest
—Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.
5. —Linda, Dad has finished his work and we __________ (drive) to the gym to pick you up.
—Thank you, Mum.
6. The shop in Wanda Plaza ___________ (open) for six years, but I ___________ (be) there so far.
7. —What did the teacher say just now
—Sorry. I didn’t catch it. I _______________ (think) something else.
8. —What is your mother doing, Linda
—She ___________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
9. —I’ve never seen Mr. Taylor before.
—Don’t worry. I ___________ (introduce) him to you before the meeting.
10. —Jim, could you please answer the question
—Sorry, I _______________ (not listen). Could you say it again
知识精讲
精讲一：关联词
1. that
that起连接作用，无词义，通常可省略； 宾语从句由陈述句转化而来。
①I told him (_______) I could swim when I was five.
②He said (_______) he could finish his work before supper.
③He told me (_______) his sister came back yesterday.
2. if/whether
if/whether表示“是否”，不作句子成分，不可省略； 句尾有or not时只能用whether； 宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来。
①He asked me ____________ I could swim when I was five.
②I don’t know ____________ he still lives here after so many years.
③He asked me ____________ I could help him or not.
3. 特殊疑问词
当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变化而来时，则由 连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what 或连接副词where, when, why, how等引导； 有实际意义，充当句子成分，不可省略；
①This book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
②Could you please show me how you read the new e-book
③He asked me when we would go swimming.
其他的可以充当特殊疑问词的疑问短语也可充当宾语从句的连接词， 如：how old, how often, how soon, how long, how far, how many, how much等。
①Can you tell me how old you are
②I don’t know how long he has been studying in the classroom.
③I don’t know how much it is.
精讲二：语序
宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即“主+谓”的顺序。
(
特殊
疑问词
＋
be
＋
S……
…
特殊
疑问词
＋
S
＋
be
……
)
(
1
)
1. Why are they so busy
Do you know _____________________
2. How many apples were there in the bag
The vendor was not sure ________________________________________.
3. How old is Jimmy
Please tell me _____________________.
4. Who is the girl standing there
Do you know ________________________
5. What is the girl looking at
No one knows _______________________.
(
特殊
疑问词＋
do/does/did
＋
S
＋
V…
…
特殊疑问词
＋
S
＋
V(
做适当变化
)
…
)
(
2
)
1. Why did he give up
Do you know _____________________
2. Where do they live
Can you tell me _____________________
3. When did they have the costume party
I don’t know ___________________________.
4. What did you say
I don’t believe _____________________.
5. Why does Sally look so serious
Do you know _____________________
(
特殊
疑问词
＋
助
/
情
＋
S
＋
V…
…
特殊疑问词
＋
S
＋
助
/
情
＋
V
…
)
(
3
)
1. What should I do
Can you tell me ________________________
2. When will he leave
Do you have any idea _______________________
3. How can I get to the airport
Please tell me ________________________.
4. Why should you quit smoking
Let me tell you ________________________.
5. Why mustn’t the door be locked
I wonder ________________________.
(
特殊疑问词
＋
have/has/had
＋
S
＋
Vpp…
…
特殊疑问词
＋
S
＋
have/has/had
＋
Vpp
…
)
(
4
)
1. How long have Mr. and Mrs. Lee lived in San Francisco
No one knows __________________________________________________.
2. How long has Ms. Kuo taught English
Does anyone know _____________________________________
(
特殊疑问词兼
S
＋
V ……
…
特殊疑问词兼
S
＋
V……
…
)
(
5
)
1. Who broke the window
I don’t know _____________________.
2. What is on your mind
Please tell me _____________________.
3. What happened to you
Tell me _____________________.
4. What’s wrong with Bill
No one knows _____________________.
5. What’s going on here
May I ask _____________________ here
(
6.
Yes/No
问
句
)
(
Be/
助动词
+ S …
…
if/whether
+
陈述句
…
…
…
)
1. Is Mary at home
I wonder _____________________.
2. Does John work in this company
Do you know ______________________________
3. Will they go to the party
I have no idea ____________________________.
4. Do they know each other
I’m not sure _________________________.
5. Can I go to the movies with Tom tonight
I ask _________________________________.
精讲三：时态
1. 主一现从任意
主句用一般现在时，从句可根据需要用任意时态。
①I think I will do better in English this term.
②I think I can do better in English this term.
③I think I did well in English last term.
④I think he is reading an English book now.
2. 主过从过
主句用过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。
①The teacher asked the students whether they handed in their paper.
②His mother asked him if / whether he was watching TV last night when his father came back.
3. 从客观永一现
从句是客观真理时，无论主句用什么时态，从句依然使用一般现在时。
①The teacher asked the boy if / whether the earth is round.
②The teacher asked the students if / whether the earth moves around the sun.
精讲四：宾语从句的简化
(
…
特殊疑问词
＋
S
＋
助动词
＋
V……
=…
特殊疑问词
＋
to
＋
V……
…
)
1. Alice doesn’t know who she can ask for help.
= Alice doesn’t know _____________________.
2. Can you tell me when I should come
= Can you tell me _____________________
3. Kevin has no idea what he should wear.
= Kevin has no idea _____________________.
(
及物动词
不及物动词
疑问代词
to
+_______
介词
what to do
what to complain about
及物动词
疑问副词
to
+_____
宾语
how to do the work
) (
不及物动词
) (
how to dance
)
后测
(近年全国中考真题改编)
1. What was Miss Lin doing in her office
Did you notice ______________________ in her office
2. How will I pay for the fruit
Could you tell me ______________________ for the fruit
3. Why didi you come here three years ago
Dear friends, do you still remember _____________________ three years ago
4. How can he make it
Tom has made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about _________________.
5. —Miss Lee, I didn’t catch what you said.
Could you tell me __________________________ again
—OK. We will get there by car.
6. —Some schools have used smart uniforms. I wonder ____________________.
—They can tell parents where their children are.
7. —Is the story true
—We don’t know ______________________, but it tells us the importance of friendship.
8. —Sandy, do you know ______________________
—Yes. Tom is searching for some news about the black hole.
9. —Could you please tell me ______________________
—Sure. The book sale is on Friday afternoon.
10. —I am going to the 24th Winter Olympics.
Tom, do you know ______________________
—In Beijing.
