Module 3 Life now and then 阅读理解（含解析）外研版九年级下册英语题型专项集训
Although 70 years is a short time in history, the PRC has seen many ups and downs during this time. Before National Day, we asked students to share their feelings about China. Here are some of their answers.
Yu Shixiong, 13, Tianjin A few months ago, our school visited a 5G exhibition hall, I was surprised by how quickly people could download videos. It took just seconds. I saw a robot with sensors(感应器) in all parts of its body. With the help of 5G technology, the robot can do the same things people do without any time gap(时间差). 5G will make the Internet of Things(物联网) possible one day. I hope I can invent something like 5G.
DuYiran, 15, Hebei My hometown is in a city in Hebei province. On July 30 last year, everyone in the city concentrated on a bridge. Its main body is 495 meters long and 39.7 meters wide. In order to reduce the effect the bridge might have on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway traffic, the designers made a special turntable(转盘). With its help, the bridge finally got into place after turning for 90 minutes. I want to study harder and design something new in the future.
Zhang Kexin, 14, Zhejiang People love to travel. In the 1970s, anyone who had a bicycle would be the envy(羡慕的对象) of others. Then, green trains came out, but they ran at a speed of 30 km per hour. In the 2010s, the speed of China’s fastest trains rose to 350 km per hour. Now children my age can visit many places with the development of transportation network. I have visited Beijing, Tibet and Xiamen. When maglev railways(磁悬浮列车) are more widely used, they will greatly shorten travel time again.
1．Yu Shixiong thinks 5G technology is ________ according to the passage.
A．exciting B．surprising C．interesting D．puzzling
2．________ was noticed by everyone in a city on July 30 last year.
A．5G technology B．A robot with sensors C．A bridge D．A maglev train
3．We know that ________ from Zhang Kexin’s answer.
A．she has visited Hebei B．the speed of the trains has been improved a lot
C．she envies someone who has a bicycle D．maglev railways have been most widely used
4．Which of the following statements about the three students is TRUE
A．They are at the same age. B．They all feel like inventing something.
C．They can visit any place that they like. D．They take pride in their motherland.
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Great changes in our country. B．The future of our country.
C．The three students’ daily life. D．Some knowledge about technology.
When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low , because it was short of water there.
One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. They were good men from our government.
Later, I moved to another city. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother.
One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard, so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
Nowadays, many people live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from.
6．Why was the production level of fruit low
A．Because they had too much work. B．Because it was easy to go up the hill.
C．Because they could only grow fruit trees. D．Because there wasn’t enough water .
7．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________.
A．the villagers’ suggestions B．the government’s support
C．a school’s practical activity D．a company’s engineering plan
8．We can infer(推断) from the passage that ________.
A．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city
B．the village is a place of interest for tourists now
C．there will be more fruit production in the village
D．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays
9．What do you think of the villagers’ life now
A．Sad. B．Happy. C．Nervous. D．Hopeless.
10．What is the main idea of the passage
A．My village had changed a lot. B．Who are the good men
C．Fish swam happily. D．Where is my poor hometown
Over the last few centuries, there have been many changes in our lives.
To start with, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays, we have fast, comfortable vehicles, such as cars and high-speed trains.
Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools that we have today. Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and machines.
Thirdly, in the past, the living conditions were not as good as they are now. There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses, and many people could not buy things like fridges, TV sets or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these things.
Lastly, communications have become much easier than before. In the past, we kept in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes, but now we have many other ways to choose from, such as making a phone call, sending emails or messages and chatting online. Moreover, we can even see the people whom we care making a phone call with through mobile phones, and we can see each other while chatting online. The most surprising thing is that we can make a phone call with the astronauts and see them when they are in space. What a magical thing!
Thanks to the technology, especially the Internet, our lives have become much easier and happier than before. I’m sure they will become more wonderful in the future. Don’t you think so
11．Why were planes not so popular many years ago
A．Because they were not big enough. B．Because they were not able to fly long.
C．Because they were very expensive. D．Because they were not fast enough.
12．In the past, people worked________.
A．for fewer hours B．much harder
C．more easily D．more quickly
13．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us
A．Many families have TV sets and washing machines nowadays. B．There were no bathrooms or running water before.
C．Living conditions have been improved. D．Many people can take baths at home now.
14．The writer’s last example for great changes in people’s lives about ________.
A．traveling B．living conditions
C．Working tools D．communication
15．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Great changes in our lives B．Good education will change our lives
C．Fast development of science D．We live a happy life now.
During the years people change a lot. Five years is enough to compare yourself now and then. I think that I have changed a lot in the past five years.
Firstly, there are changes in my thoughts. Five years ago my thoughts were the same as a child’s. I believed that the world was a place without problems. I thought that I could always have time for games and friends wouldn’t change. Also I was sure that if I had any problems, my parents could always be around me offering help. Now I still believe that the world is a great place to live in, but sometimes there are different problems you have to face. And at times you have to deal with these problems alone without any help. And that is one of the changes that have happened to me in the past five years. Now I’m much more responsible (负责任的) and serious than five years ago.
Secondly, there are some changes in my interests. Now I spend less time with friends and I spend most of my time studying for exams. Five years ago, it wasn’t so. I believed that there was nothing more important than playing football or watching cartoon movies during those days.
Although I have changed in some ways, there are some similar ways between now and then. For example, I still like spending time with friends. And I am still sure that childhood is the best time in our life.
16．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “thoughts”
A．变化 B．思想 C．进步 D．花费
17．Five years ago, the writer thought he could ________.
A．help his parents B．always live with his parents C．have a lot of trouble D．have the same friends
18．What does the writer believe now
A．Life is always full of problems. B．Life is hard for him.
C．Children have no problems. D．The world is a good place to live in.
19．When the writer was a child, he liked ________ best.
A．studying B．playing football C．watching games D．spending time with friends
20．What does the writer mainly tell us
A．What he did during the five years. B．How he spent five years.
C．How he has changed in the past five years. D．What he liked doing during the five years.
When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.
One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals and other projects began to be built in my village, “Who are they ” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied.
Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother.
One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.
Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from.
21．What troubled the villagers most was that ________.
A．they had too much work B．it was not convenient to go up the hill
C．they could only grow fruit trees D．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard
22．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________.
A．the villagers’ suggestions B．the government’s support
C．a school’s practical activity D．a company’s engineering plan
23．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city
B．the village is a place of interest for tourists now
C．there will be more fruit production in the village
D．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays
24．The underlined phrase devoted themselves to is closest in meaning to ________.
A．prepared much for B．donated money to
C．drawn public attention to D．put much effort into
25．What can be the best title for the passage
A．How is a village improved B．Who are the good men
C．Why do people come back D．What does a hometown mean
My grandfather is eighty years old now. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better.
Families aren’t families they used to be. A lot of families have broken up. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together. And mothers used to stay at home and take care of their children, but now not any more. Everyone is busy working. Mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchen. But now the family don’t eat home-cooked food any more.
And the cars! No one walks any more. More and more people drive. Students used to walk 5 miles to school every day, even in winter. But now students don’t. And in school, children don’t have to think any more. In math class, for example, they used to add, subtract, multiply and divide (加减乘除) in their heads. Instead, they use calculators (计算器).
And people today have TV and computers, and they don’t talk to each other any more. They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too busy to think…..
Life used to be simple, but it isn’t any more.
26．What does my grandfather think of the life now
A．He thinks the life now is very good.
B．He thinks the life now is worse than it used to be.
C．He thinks the life now is better than it used to be.
D．He thinks the life is the same as it used to be.
27．What does the underlined word “marriage” mean in Chinese
A．生活 B．工作 C．婚姻 D．家庭
28．What has happened these years according to the passage
A．Children don’t have to think any more in school.
B．Students use calculators in math class.
C．Some used to walk to school, but now they don’t.
D．All of above.
29．What changes have happened to some families
a. People have TV.
b. People like to eat home-cooked food.
c. Lots of families have computers.
d. Lots of couples (夫妇) live apart because of unhappy problems.
A．a, b, d B．b, c, d C．a, b, c D．a, c, d
30．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Life now is much simpler.
B．People have too much time to talk with each other now.
C．The writer’s grandfather only complains and pays no attention to better life now.
D．Lots of mothers stay at home and look after their children.
My grandfather is an eighty-year-old man. He changed, and he often says that life used to be better.
Families aren’t families the way they used to be. A lot of families have broke down. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together. And mothers used to stay at home and take care of their children, but now everyone’s working. No one has time to look after children at home.
And the cars! No one walks any more: everyone drives. We used to walk five miles to school every day, even in winter. But now they don’t. And in schoo1, the children don’t have to think any more. In math class, for example, we used to add, subtract, multiply and divide in our heads. Kids don’t use their heads any more；instead, they use calculators(计算器).
Most families have computers now. In the past we didn’t have computers.We didn’t even have lights. My mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchen. But now nobody eats home-cooked food any more.
And people don’t talk to each other any more. They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too, busy to think……
Life used to be simple, but it isn’t any more.
31．My grandfather thinks the life ________.
A．is better than it used to be B．is worse than it used to be C．is as good as it used to be D．is as bad as it used to be
32．What does the underlined word “marriage” mean in Chinese
A．生活 B．工作 C．婚姻 D．家庭
33．What changes have happened to some families
①There are lights at home.
②People like to eat home.cooked food.
③Lots of families have computers.
④Lots of couples live apart because of some prob1ems.
A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①③④
34．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．People have too much time to talk with each other.
B．Life now is very simple.
C．Many families have broken down because of problems between husbands and wives.
D．Mothers stay at home and look after their children.
35．.Which is the best title for this passage
A．How life used to be B．The better life C．The changes in our life D．Hard-working students
Pollution
Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It's bad for all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called haze(雾霾).
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away. And they mustn't blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
36．Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ________.
A．there were fewer modern machines at that time than today B．people didn't like to use modern medicine
C．there were no modern machines D．there were not so many people
37．What is one of the biggest problems in today's life
A．Dirty water. B．Smog. C．Noise. D．Pollution.
38．The most serious kind of pollution is ________.
A．noise pollution B．air pollution C．water pollution D．waste things
39．Factories must clean water ________.
A．before they use it B．when they use it
C．after it is thrown away D．before it is thrown away
40．From the passage we know that ________.
A．a few years ago, there was no haze at all B．people today don't have to talk to each other in a loud voice
C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes D．people are making rules in order to fight pollution
The mobile phone has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have banned (禁止) students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.
Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for schools. Several children have got mobile phones from parents and friends as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.
Lucy Bluett, an expert, said mobile phone use was a distraction (使人分心的事) to students during school hours. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't call up their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at the school office.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.
41．Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones ________.
A．when they are at home B．when they are free C．when they are at school
42．We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from ________.
A．the makers and sellers B．the passers by and strangers C．their parents and friends
43．What does the underlined word “cheat” mean in the passage
A．Behave dishonestly. B．Behave honestly. C．Behave correctly.
44．Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't ________ during school hours.
A．use their mobile phones B．call up their children C．help the teachers with their work
45．The passage tells us that ________.
A．students shouldn't have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons
B．many people can't understand why parents would want their children to have phones
C．all parents felt unhappy because they couldn't use their phones at school
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. Here are some rules for a healthy life.
Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. In the past, people’s jobs required more physical effort. They often had to walk for miles every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were keeping fit at the same time. Think about it: Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past
Eat healthy food!
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a while. Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
Rest while you can!
When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies, but it is important for you to get about eight hours’ sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends, but for rest too.
Do not worry. Be happy!
Many people believe that happiness is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships. If you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.
46．In the passage, “Get off the sofa!” means ________.
A．we should take some exercise B．we shouldn’t watch TV on the sofa
C．we should get off the sofa to keep fit D．we shouldn’t stay at home for a long time
47．The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to(指代) ________.
A．healthy food B．fast food C．natural food D．fresh food
48．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The best rest is to spend more time with friends.
B．It is necessary for teenagers to get enough sleep.
C．Teenagers also need as much sleep as babies at night.
D．Sleeping for much of the night will do harm to your health.
49．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．how to be a happy teenager B．the importance of a healthy life
C．the ways of leading a healthy life D．teenagers’ common healthy problems
()
()
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文介绍了不同的学生分享他们对中国70年来取得的成就的切身体会。
1．细节理解题。根据“A few months ago, our school visited a 5G exhibition hall, I was surprised by how quickly people could download videos.”可知，Yu Shixiong认为5G技术是令人吃惊的，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“On July 30 last year, everyone in the city concentrated on a bridge.”可知，去年7月30日，整个城市的所有人注意到了一座桥，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Kexin”的描述“they ran at a speed of 30 km per hour. In the 2010s, the speed of China’s fastest trains rose to 350 km per hour.”可知，火车的速度提高了很多，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据三个人不同的分享可知，他们都为中国取得的成就感到骄傲，故选D。
5．最佳标题题。根据“Although 70 years is a short time in history, the PRC has seen many ups and downs during this time. Before National Day, we asked students to share their feelings about China. Here are some of their answers.”及整篇文章的理解可知，主要介绍了不同的学生分享他们对中国70年来取得的成就的切身体会，故选A。
6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍作者家乡过去和现在的变化，多亏水利工程和政府的扶持政策，作者的村里得到了很大的发展。
6．细节理解题。根据“the production level of fruit was still low, because it was short of water there”可知，水果的产量低是因为水资源缺乏。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“They were good men from our government”可知，好人来提供帮助，是因为政府的支持。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river”可知，政策鼓励更多人增加水果产量。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，水利工程和政府的扶持政策让作者的村里得到了很大的发展。因此推测人们现在生活得很开心。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要介绍作者家乡过去和现在的变化，多亏水利工程和政府的扶持政策，作者的村里得到了很大的发展。故选A。
11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A
【分析】文章大意：在过去的几个世纪里，我们的生活有很大改变，该文从交通、工作、生活、教育等方面描述了我们生活方面的变化。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel”可知，飞机不太受欢迎，是因为它是一种非常昂贵的旅行方式。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools that we have today”可知，在过去，人们不得不更加努力地工作，因为他们没有我们今天拥有的工具。所以人们在过去得努力工作。故选B。
13．段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，在过去，许多家庭没有浴室和自来水，许多人买不起冰箱、电视机或洗衣机等东西。现在，大多数家庭都有很多这样的东西。本段主要讲的是人们生活条件有了很大提高。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“Lastly, communications have become much easier than before.”可知，作者最后讲了交流方面的变化。故选D。
15．最佳标题。根据文章第一段“Over the last few centuries, there have been many changes in our lives.”及全文内容可知，短文主要讲了过去的几个世纪里，我们生活中的改变，结合选项可知，“Great changes in our lives”符合要求。故选A。
16．B 17．D 18．D 19．B 20．C
【分析】本文是记叙文，作者讲述了自己五年来的变化。
16．词句猜测题。根据下文“I believed…I thought…Also I was sure…Now I still believe…”等内容，可知是说以前的一些想法现在发生了变化，故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“I thought that I could always have time for games and friends wouldn’t change”，可知作者五年前认为朋友不会变化，have the same friends符合题意故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now I still believe that the world is a great place to live in”，可知作者现在仍然相信世界是一个适合生活的好地方，故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段“Five years ago, it wasn’t so. I believed that there was nothing more important than playing football or watching cartoon movies during those days”，可知作者小时候最喜欢踢足球，故选B。
20．主旨大意题。根据短文内容，结合第一段“I think that I have changed a lot in the past five years”，可知短文讲述了作者五年来的变化；How he has changed in the past five years符合文意，故选C。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者家乡过去和现在的变化，多亏水利工程和政府扶持政策，让作者的村里得到了很大的发展。
21．细节理解题。根据“Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.”可知，水果的生产水平仍然很低，因为那里缺水。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据“They are good men from our government”可知，因为政府的支持，好人来提供帮助，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river”可知，政策鼓励更多的人增加水果产量，故选C。
24．词句猜测题。分析“Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.”可知，感谢那些为我们的农村发展做出贡献的好人们，此处“devoted themselves to”的意思是“付出很多努力，做出贡献”，故选D。
25．最佳标题题。本文主要向我们介绍作者家乡过去和现在的变化，多亏水利工程和政府扶持政策，让作者的村里得到了很大的发展。选项A“一个村庄是如何改善的？”符合主题，故选A。
26．B 27．C 28．D 29．D 30．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过作者的爷爷的视角描述了现在和过去生活的一些不同之处。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“... and he often says that life used to be better.”可知，作者的爷爷认为以前的生活比现在的生活更好，也就是说现在的生活比以前的生活更差，B选项符合题意。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据“marriage”所在句的语境可知，丈夫和妻子在某个方面出现问题了，那么他们就会分开；再结合选项可知，一对夫妻最可能因为“婚姻”出现问题而选择分开，所以此处“marriage”应是“婚姻”的意思。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Students used to walk 5 miles to school every day…But now students don’t. And in school, children don’t have to think any more….Instead, they use calculators.”可知，现在的孩子不用走路去上学了，而且他们在课堂上也不用再动脑筋去计算，而是使用计算器了，A、B和C都符合文意，都应入选。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“A lot of families have broken up. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together.”可知，许多夫妻因为婚姻问题而分开了，d符合题意；根据第四段“And people today have TV and computers…”可知，现在的家庭既有电视又有电脑，a和c符合题意，所以a、c和d应入选。故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据第一段“He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better.”可知，作者的爷爷经常抱怨生活变化太快了，并且现在的生活还比以前的生活更差；再结合以下几段内容可知，人们坐车去上学可以更加省时省力，电视和电脑的出现既可以丰富人们的娱乐生活也可以提高工作效率；综上所述，作者的爷爷只是抱怨而太过忽视现代生活的好处，C选项符合文意。故选C。
31．B 32．C 33．D 34．C 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了祖父眼中的生活的变化。
31．细节理解题。根据文中“He changed, and he often says that life used to be better.”可知，我祖父认为现在的生活比以前更糟了。故选B。
32．词句猜测题。根据前半句“If husband and wife have problems”和后句“they no longer stay together.”可猜测出，下划线单词“marriage”的意思应是“婚姻”。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据文中“If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together; Most families have computers now.和We didn’t even have lights.”可知，一些家庭发生的变化是：如果丈夫和妻子之间婚姻上有问题，他们就不会在一起；许多家庭有计算机；家里有灯。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“A lot of families have broke down. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together.”可知，许多家庭因为夫妻之间的问题而破裂，C选项表述正确。故选C。
35．最佳标题。通读全文，尤其根据文章最后一句“Life used to be simple, but it isn’t any more.”可知，文章主要介绍了我们生活的变化，故最佳标题应是“我们生活中的变化”。故选C。
36．C 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当今的三大污染，即水污染、噪音污染和空气污染带来的危害。还告诉我们造成这些污染的根源是什么，以及如何减少污染，抵制污染。
36．细节理解题。根据“Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.”可知，几百年前，生活比今天艰难得多，人们没有现代的机器，也没有现代医学。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution.”可知，现代的生活带来了新的问题，最大的问题之一是污染。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.”可知，空气污染是最严重的一种污染。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away.”可知，工厂必须在排掉水之前对水进行清洁。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.”可知，许多国家正在制定规则来对抗污染。故选D。
41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．A
【分析】这篇短文讲述的是在一些中学里学生带手机成了一个大问题，这影响了孩子们的学习，有的学生还用手机在考试中作弊。因此澳大利亚的一些学校禁止学生们在校期间带手机，除非他们有特别的原因，他们可以把手机放在老师的办公室里。
41．细节理解题。根据"Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.可知，澳大利亚的一些中学禁止学生们在上学期间带手机。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“Several children have got mobile phones from parents and friends as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.”可知，一些学生的手机来源于家长和朋友。故选C。
43．词义猜测题。这篇短文主要给我们讲述了学生们在学校里带手机的坏处，再根据这个单词所在的句子“Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.”可知，老师们担心学生们在考试的时候用手机作弊。因此cheat的意思是不诚实的举止。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't call up their children.”可知，学校禁止学生们在上学的时候带手机，但是一些家长对此却感到不开心，因为这样他们就不能给孩子打电话了。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述了澳大利亚的一些学校禁止学生们在学校里带手机，因为他们觉得这对孩子们的学习没有好处。故选A。
46．A 47．B 48．B 49．C
【分析】文章是一篇说明文，因为更好的医疗，人们的寿命越来越长，健康生活就很重要，文章也介绍了健康生活的一些规则。
46．细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day...Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past ”可知医生说要离开沙发，每天至少走10000步，意味着要通过锻炼来保持身体健康。故选A。
47．推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a while.”可知此处是指 fast food。故选B。
48．细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies...eight hours’ sleep a night.”可知青少年虽然不需要像婴儿一样多的睡眠，但是有足够的睡眠是很有必要的。故选B。
49．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了几种健康的生活方式。故选C。
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