Unit 3 Lesson 18
一、单项选择
1．—Jim goes to bed early and gets up early every day.
—What a good ___________! Without doubt, he is healthy.
A．idea B．habit C．rule
2．—Hi, Frank. Can you tell me what to do when we are on the way to school
—Well, we must follow the traffic ________.
A．rules B．plans C．suggestions D．orders
3．Taking notes in class is necessary. It can help to improve students’ ________of recording key information.
A．rules B．condition C．abilities D．decisions
4．—How was your basketball match
—The team put up a good ________ but were finally beaten.
A．rule B．fight C．power D．score
5．—Jim runs at least half an hour every day.
—What a good ________! No wonder he looks fit.
A．idea B．habit C．rule D．skill
6．—What do you think of the PE classes in school
—PE classes are fun and they can help students form the ________ of exercising.
A．rule B．habit C．respect
7．China has set an excellent ________ of how to fight against COVID-19.
A．hobby B．example C．hope D．rule
8．Taking a walk after supper every day is a good _______. It can keep us healthy.
A．event B．reason C．rule D．habit
9．It is not easy to became a Santa Claus（圣诞老人）. Each year before Christmas, Santa Clauses go to a Santa school to receive ________.
A．food B．gifts C．training
10．—Swimming after supper is a good ________.
—So it is. It keeps us healthy.
A．survey B．habit C．rule D．reason
二、完形填空
In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. It helps students learn more about ___11___ they should do to keep themselves safe. Stampedes(踩踏) and fires are the main ___12___ at school.
A stampede always happens in ___13___ places. When students around you begin to push(推), just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you ___14___ in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands ___15___.
When there’s a ___16___, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put ___17___ over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe(呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them ___18___ and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! ___19___ when you want to get out, you should make yourself ______20______ to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.
11．A．how B．why C．what D．when
12．A．accidents B．problems C．questions D．lessons
13．A．busy B．crowded C．dirty D．small
14．A．get lost B．become mad C．fall down D．get hurt
15．A．on B．behind C．under D．around
16．A．smoke B．fire C．flood D．earthquake
17．A．anything wet B．anything dry C．something wet D．something dry
18．A．cry B．cough C．shout D．blind
19．A．And B．But C．So D．Also
20．A．near B．away C．far D．close
三、阅读单选
The Ancient Town of Fenghuang, one of China’s most well-known ancient towns, was under water as heavy rain hit the center of the country, with tens of thousands of people leaving from the area. Heavy rain and floods(洪水) lasted for the past few days. Waters in the nearby Tuojiang River rose by almost one meter above warning level(警戒线), causing heavy rainstorms. More than 120, 000 local people and tourists have been helped to leave there because of the terrible disaster. And more than 4,000 shops in the town have been shut. Several bridges on the Tuojiang River have been damaged or destroyed. Water has flowed(流) into many bars, restaurants and hotels in its ancient town, and electricity in the ancient town has been cut off. About 128, 000 people have been affected by the floods. Though the heavy rains have stopped, but the popular tourist spot remains closed for local people’s safety.
A shoe shop owner named Kuang said the flood was the worst the town had experienced. “The floods came so quickly that I didn’t have time to move the shoes,” he said sadly.
“The flood has led to the Ancient Town of Fenghuang becoming a water town,” said a post on a discussion page on the topic set up on Sina Weibo, a Chinese version of Twitter.
“We could only live in an old factory now where many homeless people have to stay together. The crowded space is full of sadness.” Tang said.
At least 14 people were killed in flooding in Hunan Province and the neighboring province of Jiangxi and region of Guangxi last month, Xinhua reported.
21．Why did many people try to leave the Ancient Town of Fenghuang
A．Because of the heavy snow. B．Because of the serious flood.
C．Because of the homeless people. D．Because of the crowded space.
22．What does the underlined word “disaster” mean
A．大雪 B．灾难 C．河流 D．地震
23．How many people were affected by the flood
A．120, 000 B．About 128, 000 C．More than 4, 000 D．14
24．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The flood was not serious at all.
B．The Ancient Town of Fenghuang is a water town in Hunan Province.
C．This flood which hit Fenghuang is the worst the town has experienced.
D．No people died in this flood.
25．Which is the best title of the passage
A．The Famous Ancient Town of Fenghuang
B．Floods Hit the Ancient Town of Fenghuang
C．Fenghuang Is a Wonderland
D．Help the Homeless People
四、语法填空
根据短文内容及所给提示填词。
Students’ ___26___(safe) has become a big problem for both parents and schools. Now in many big cities of China many schools start a new l___27___ about self-protection. Students like this lesson b___28___ there are no exams or ___29___(枯燥的) classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to deal with danger before it ___30___(real) happens.
五、短文综合填空
根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空
Accidents often happen in life. As for me, I have been hurt many times. So my mother often warns me to be c___31___. I remember when I was young, my mother___32___(take) me to the park. I was excited. I jumped u___33___and down. Suddenly, I was___34___(hit) by a stone and fell to the ground. My head was bleeding. My mother had no choice but___35___(send) me to the hospital. With the doctor's help, I was well again.
六、短文选词填空
36．综合填空 阅读短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中每词限用一次，有两个词多余。
little, either, follow, too many, spend, strict, because, must
I’m Molly Brown, a student from New York. Every day, there areterrible rules around me. In the morning, Mom’s rules come—“Get up now and make your bed!”, “Don’t leave your dirty dishes in the kitchen!” After that, I run to school I can’t be late. At school, I also have more rules —don’t be noisy, don’t eat in class, …
I can’t play basketball after school except on weekends. Dad’s rule is “You do your homework.” After dinner, I have to read a book. So I can’t relax, . No games, no TV programs, only rules, rules.
However, Dr. Know tells me that parents and school are sometimes , but they make rules to help us to behave well in daily life. I believe rules are necessary.
七、补全对话7选5
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个多余选项。
A: Hi, Lin Tao. Is this your new bike
B: Yes, Zhao Hai. ____37____
A: Can I have a try
B: I don’t think so.___38___
A: Yes, I can.
Zhao Hai began to ride the bike.
B:____39____There are too many cars on the road!
A: Don’t worry!
B: Look out!
A: Ah!
WHAM! Zhao Hai fell onto the ground.
B:____40____
A: My right leg hurts.
B:____41____
A: I’m sorry! Your bike is broken.
A．We’d better go to the hospital.
B．Be careful!
C．My father bought it yesterday.
D．Are you OK
E．Let’s go shopping this afternoon.
F．You can’t ride a bike.
G．Can you dance
八、用所给单词的正确形式填空
42．Su Yiming took his every ________（train）seriously, so he enjoyed great success at last.
43．Astronauts need to take part in difficult ________ before they go to space. (train)
九、多句选词填空
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
training, rule, branch, warn, break
44．You should always follow the traffic ________.
45．The ________ broke and fell to the ground.
46．The players need special ________.
47．I always listen to my mother’s ________ about safety.
48．The doctor said my leg was ________.
根据句意，从下面方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
training branch safe rule careless
49．All teachers and students should obey (遵守) the school__________.
50．The boy has been missing for 2 days. His parents are worrying about his___________.
51．The football player broke his right leg in the__________.
52．Simon took Jack’s bag home_____________.
53．The boy held a small___________of a tree in his hand.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——吉姆每天早睡早起。——多好的一个习惯啊！毫无疑问，他很健康。
考查名词辨析。idea观点；habit习惯；rule规则。根据“Jim goes to bed early and gets up early every day.”可知，吉姆有好的习惯。故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：——嗨，弗朗克。你能告诉我在去学校的路上我们该做什么吗？——嗯，我们必须遵守交通规则。
考查名词辨析。rules规则；plans计划；suggestions建议；orders命令。根据“on the way to school”和“traffic ”可知，路上必须遵守交通规则。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：在课堂上做笔记是必要的。它有助于提高学生记录关键信息的能力。
考查名词辨析。rules规则；condition情况；abilities能力；decisions决定。根据“Taking notes in class is necessary.”和“improve students’ ...recording key information”可知，做笔记提高的是学生记录信息的能力。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：——你的篮球比赛怎么样？——球队进行了顽强的战斗，但最终还是被打败了。
考查名词辨析。rule规则；fight打架；power力量；score分数。put up a good fight“奋勇战斗，打得不错”，固定搭配；故选B。
5．B
【详解】句意：——Jim每天至少跑步半个小时。——真是个好习惯！难怪他看起来很健康。
考查名词辨析。idea想法；habit习惯；rule规则；skill技能。根据“Jim runs at least half an hour every day.”可知，Jim每天至少跑步半小时是一个好习惯。故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：——你认为学校里的体育课怎么样？——体育课很有趣，它们可以帮助学生们养成锻炼的习惯。
考查名词辨析。rule规则；habit习惯；respect尊重。根据“the…of exercising”可知, 这里应该是“养成锻炼的习惯”，用habit。故选B。
7．B
【详解】句意：中国在如何抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
考查名词辨析。hobby爱好；example例子；hope希望；rule规则。根据“set an excellent...how to fight against COVID-19”可知，此处指的是“树立了好的榜样”，故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：每天晚餐后散步是个好习惯。这能使我们保持健康。
考查名词辨析。event事件；reason原因；rule规则，条例；habit习惯。由“使我们保持健康”可知这是个好习惯。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：成为圣诞老人并不容易。每年圣诞节前，圣诞老人都会去圣诞老人学校接受训练。
考查名词辨析。food食物；gifts礼物；training训练。根据“Each year before Christmas, Santa Clauses go to a Santa school to receive…”可知，去学校应是要接受训练。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：——饭后游泳是一个很好的习惯。——它确实是。它保持我们健康。
考查名词辨析。survey调查；habit习惯；rule规则；reason理由。根据“Swimming after supper is a good”以及“It keeps us healthy”可知，可以让人们保持健康，所以是一个好习惯，故选B。
11．C 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学校常见的事故以及逃生方法。
11．句意：它有助于学生更多地了解他们应该做些什么来保证自己的安全。
考查宾语从句疑问词。根据句子结构可知，空格处疑问词在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词，四个选项中只有C选项为关系代词，故选C。
12．句意：踩踏和火灾是学校的主要事故。
考查名词。A. accidents事故；B. problems问题；C. questions问题；D. lessons课程。根据常识可知，踩踏和火灾是事故，A选项符合句意，故选A。
13．句意：踩踏事件总是发生在拥挤的地方。
考查形容词。A. busy忙碌的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. dirty脏的；D. small小的。根据下文When students around you begin to push(推), just stand there and try to hold onto something可知，踩踏事件通常发生在拥挤的人群中。B选项符合句意，故选B。
14．句意：如果你在人群中摔倒，应采用侧卧姿势，并用双手保护住你的头。
考查动词词组。A. get lost迷路；B. become mad发疯；C. fall down摔倒；D. get hurt受伤。通读本段内容可知，本段主要讲的是踩踏事故，故本句说的是如果在人群中摔倒该怎么避免被踩踏。C选项符合句意，故选C。
15．句意：如果你在人群中摔倒，应采用侧卧姿势，并用双手保护住你的头。
考查介词。A. on在……上面；B. behind在……后面；C. under在……下面；D. around环绕。根据常识可知，当在人群中摔倒时，应该用双手环绕住头，护着头不被人群踩踏。D选项符合句意，故选D。
16．句意：当发生火灾时，赶快离开教室。
考查名词。A. smoke烟雾；B. fire火灾；C. flood洪水；D. earthquake地震。本段主要内容都在说如何从火灾中逃生的，故空格处应填入意为“火灾”的名词。B选项符合句意，故选B。
17．句意：你最好在嘴和鼻子上用湿的东西捂着。
考查不定代词。根据常识可知，在火灾中，应该用些诸如湿毛巾的湿润物，来保持呼吸道的畅通，故含有dry的B、D选项可排除。根据英语语法，something通常用于肯定句，anything通常用于否定句和疑问句。本句为肯定句，故空格处应填入something wet，故应选C。
18．句意：（烟雾）使他们咳嗽，不能呼吸。
考查动词。A. cry哭泣；B. cough咳嗽；C. shout叫喊；D. blind失明。结合上文可知，句子主语It指代上文的烟雾，火灾中的烟雾会使人咳嗽，无法呼吸。B选项符合句意，故选B。
19．句意：所以当你想出去的时候，你应该贴近地板。
考查连词。A. And和；B. But但是；C. So所以；D. Also也。结合上文可知，烟雾会使人窒息，所以要想从火灾中逃出来，应该身子尽量贴近地板，避免口鼻接触烟雾。C选项符合句意，故选C。
20．句意：所以当你想出去的时候，你应该贴近地板。
考查介词。A. near靠近；B. away离开；C. far远离；D. close接近。根据常识可知，要想从火灾中逃出来，应该身子尽量贴近地板，避免口鼻接触烟雾，B、C选项可排除。A、D选项都有“接近、靠近”的意思，区别是near作介词时可直接使用，而close作介词必须在后面加上to。D选项符合句子结构，故选D。
【点睛】做完形填空题时，一般多从上下文语境和语法角度寻找答案，本题稍显特殊，因为前后文语境无法给出太多提示，所以多数小题以安全常识和语法角度为根据进行解题，这也要求学生在平时要对一些生活常识有所积累。
21．B 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要内容为凤凰古城遭受的罕见特大洪水，这也导致了很多人被迫转移。
21．题意：为什么很多人试图离开凤凰古城？
细节理解题。根据原文第1段The Ancient Town of Fenghuang, one of China’s most well-known ancient towns, was under water as heavy rain hit the center of the country, with tens of thousands of people leaving from the area. Heavy rain and floods(洪水) lasted for the past few days可知，凤凰古城正遭受暴雨袭击，暴雨和洪水已经持续数天，许多人被迫疏散。B选项Because of the serious flood“因为严重的洪水”符合题意，故选B。
22．题意：画线单词“disaster”是什么意思？
词句猜测题。根据原文第2段More than 120, 000 local people and tourists have been helped to leave there because of the terrible disaster可知，由于这场可怕的灾难，当地12万多人和游客被转移出去，disaster在本句中意为“灾难”。B选项符合题意，故选B。
23．题意：有多少人受到洪水的影响？
细节理解题。根据原文第1段About 128, 000 people have been affected by the floods可知，约有128, 000人受到这次洪水的影响。B选项About 128, 000“大约128, 000人”符合题意，故选B。
24．题意：根据本文内容，下列哪一项是正确的？
细节理解题。根据原文第1段More than 120, 000 local people and tourists have been helped to leave there because of the terrible disaster可知，超过12万人受此影响，此次洪水堪称灾难，A选项The flood was not serious at all“洪水一点也不严重”说法错误，可排除。根据原文第1段The Ancient Town of Fenghuang, one of China’s most well-known ancient towns可知，凤凰古城是中国最有名的古城之一，B选项The Ancient Town of Fenghuang is a water town in Hunan Province“凤凰古城是湖南的一个水乡”说法错误，可排除。根据原文第5段At least 14 people were killed in flooding in Hunan Province and the neighboring province of Jiangxi and region of Guangxi last month, Xinhua reported可知，上月已有14人在洪灾中死亡，D选项No people died in this flood“没有人在这次洪水中丧生”说法错误，可排除。根据原文第2段A shoe shop owner named Kuang said the flood was the worst the town had experienced可知，鞋店老板说这次洪水是镇上经历过的最严重的一次，C选项This flood which hit Fenghuang is the worst the town has experienced“这次洪水袭击了凤凰古城，是该镇经历过的最严重的一次”说法正确，故选C。
25．题意：本文最佳标题是哪一个？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要内容为凤凰古城遭受的特大洪水导致很多人被迫转移。B选项Floods Hit the Ancient Town of Fenghuang“洪水袭击凤凰古城”是本文最佳标题，故选B。
26．safety 27．lesson 28．because 29．boring 30．really
【分析】本文主要内容关于学生的安全以及自我保护。
26．句意：学生的安全已经成为家长和学校的大问题。
空格处所给参考单词为safe。空格前Students’为名词所有格，后面一般接名词。safe可转换为名词safety，意为“安全”，符合句意，故答案为safety。
27．句意：现在在中国许多大城市，很多学校开设了一门关于自我保护的新课。
空格处所给首字母为l。根据下文Students like this lesson …可知，学校开设了一门关于自我保护的新课，故答案为lesson。
28．句意：学生喜欢这门课是因为没有考试和枯燥的课堂。
空格处所给首字母为b。根据句意可知，空格处前后半句互为因果关系，故空格处应填入表因果关系的连词。because作连词时，意为“因为”，符合句意，故答案为because。
29．句意：学生喜欢这门课是因为没有考试和枯燥的课堂。
空格处所给中文提示为“枯燥的”。根据句子结构，空格处应填入意为“枯燥的”形容词，修饰后面的名词classes。boring作形容词时，意为“枯燥的”，符合句意，故答案为boring。
30．句意：他们可以学会如何拯救生命，以及在危险发生之前知道如何应对。
空格处所给参考单词为real。根据句子结构，空格处应填入意为“真正地”副词。real可转换为副词really，意为“真正地”，符合句意，故答案为really。
31．careful 32．took 33．up 34．hit 35．to send
【分析】文章主要讲述了生活中经常发生事故，以及举例说明小时候的一次事故。
31．句意：所以妈妈经常警告我要小心。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“小心”，be动词后面要接形容词，故填careful。
32．句意：我记得我小时候，妈妈带我去公园。
根据句意理解可知，这里是过去发生的事情，所以要用过去时，take的过去时是took，故填took。
33．句意：我跳来跳去。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“跳上跳下”，英语是jump up and down，故填up。
34．句意：我被一块石头撞倒在地。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“被撞击”，所以这里用被动结构，was后面接过去分词，故填hit。
35．句意：我母亲别无选择，只能送我去医院。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“别无选择的做某事”，英语结构是have no choice but to do，所以这里要用不定式的形式，故填to send。
【点睛】语法填空要理解上下句及上下文的意思，然后填入合适的形式。有些是固定结构要记住。比如第五小题My mother had no choice but 5 (send) me to the hospital.中就是固定结构have no choice but to do，所以填to send。
36．【小题1】too many 【小题2】because 【小题3】to follow 【小题4】must 【小题5】either 【小题6】strict
【分析】试题分析：短文大意：一个来自纽约的学生布朗介绍了每天有太多的可怕的规则围绕着他。在早上，妈妈的规则来了-“现在起床，整理你的床！别把你的脏盘子放在厨房里！”在那之后，他跑着去学校因为他不能迟到。在学校，他也有更多的规则要遵守 -不要吵闹，不要在课堂上吃东西等等。除了周末外，放学后他不能打篮球了。他爸爸的规则是“你必须做你的家庭作业”，晚饭后，他必须读一本书。所以他也不能放松。对他来说没有游戏，没有电视节目，只有规则。
【小题1】句意：每天，有太多的可怕的规则围绕着我。结合所给的词汇可知该填写too many。
【小题2】句意：在那之后，我跑着去学校因为我不能迟到。结合所给的词汇可知该填写because。
【小题3】句意：在学校，我也有更多的规则要遵守 -不要吵闹，不要在课堂上吃东西，……。结合所给的词汇可知该填写to follow。
【小题4】句意：爸爸的规则是“你7必须做你的家庭作业。”结合所给的词汇可知该填写must。
【小题5】句意：所以我也不能放松。结合所给的词汇可知该填写either。
【小题6】句意：然而，博士告诉我，父母和学校有时很严格，但他们制定规则是为了帮助我们在日常生活中表现得很好。结合所给的词汇可知该填写strict。
37．C 38．F 39．B 40．D 41．A
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述林涛得到了一辆新的自行车，赵海在道路上骑林涛的新车，但是赵海摔倒了，林涛建议他去医院，赵海因摔坏了林涛的自行车而向他道歉。
37．根据Is this your new bike “这是你的新自行车吗”以及Yes“是的”可知，这是林涛的新自行车，所以林涛应该说“我的父亲昨天买的它”，故选C。
38．根据I don’t think so“我不这么认为”以及Yes, I can“是的，我能”可知，林涛认为赵海不会骑自行车，所以应说“你不会骑自行车”，故选F。
39．根据Zhao Hai began to ride the bike“赵海开始骑自行车”以及There are too many cars on the road!“在道路上有许多车”可知，林涛应告诉赵海小心，故选B。
40．根据Zhao Hai fell onto the ground“赵海摔倒地上”以及My right leg hurts“我的右腿受伤了”可知，林涛应问“你还好吧？”，故选D。
41．根据My right leg hurts“我的右腿受伤了”可知赵海说他的右腿受伤了，林涛应该说“我们最好去医院”。故选A。
42．training
【详解】句意：苏翊鸣认真对待自己的每一次训练，最终获得了巨大的成功。根据“his”可知，其后跟名词形式，“training”意为“训练”。故填training。
43．training
【详解】句意：宇航员在进入太空之前需要参加艰苦的训练。difficult是形容词，修饰名词，此处是指训练，故填training。
44．rules 45．branch 46．training 47．warning 48．broken
【解析】44．句意：你应该一直遵守交通规则。
根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“规则”的名词。备选单词中rule意为“规则”，交通规则不止一条，故名词rule应用复数形式，故答案为rules。
45．句意：树枝断了，落在地上。
根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“树枝”的名词。备选单词中branch意为“树枝”，符合句意，故答案为branch。
46．句意：运动员需要接受特殊训练。
根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“训练”的名词。备选单词中training意为“训练”，符合句意，故答案为training。
47．句意：我总是会聆听妈妈关于安全的警告。
根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“警告”的名词。备选单词中warn可转换为名词warning，意为“警告”，故答案为warning。
48．句意：医生说我的腿断了。
根据句意及句子结构，空格处应填入意为“断的”形容词。备选单词中break可转换为形容词broken，意为“伤残的、断的”，符合句意，故答案为broken。
49．rules 50．safety 51．training 52．carelessly 53．branch
【解析】49．句意：所有的老师和学生应该遵守校规。
根据空前school可知，school作定语修饰名词，所以空处用名词。school rule校规，且根据句意可知，用复数形式，故答案为rules。
50．句意：这个小男孩已经丢失两天了，他的父母担心他的安全。
根据空前his可知，空处用名词。且根据句意可知，小孩丢失，所以父母应该担心他的安全。safety安全。故答案为safety。
51．句意：这个运动员在训练中伤了他的右腿。
根据空前the可知，空处用名词，且表示“在训练中伤了右腿”。training训练，故答案为training。
52．句意：西蒙粗心地将杰克的包带回家。
根据句意可知，空处修饰动词take，用副词，译为“粗心地”，carelessly粗心地，故答案为carelessly。
53．句意：这个小男孩手里拿着一个小树枝。
根据空前a以及空后of a tree可知，空处用名词，且译为“树枝”。a branch of a tree“一个树枝”。且根据空前a可知，用单数，故答案为branch。
