重庆十一中高2024届高三上半期考试
英语试题
第一部分 : 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听对话，选择最佳选项。
1.Where is the woman probably from
A. Peru. B. Britain. C. Mexico.
2.What will the man do tonight
A. Attend a party. B. Reply to an invitation. C. Play football.
3.What does the woman think of her old roommate
A. Selfish. B. Thoughtful. C. Careful.
4.What should the city do according to the woman
A. Create more jobs. B. Improve the air quality. C. Close some businesses.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their daily routine. B. Their dormitory. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给5秒钟的时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman suggest the man get home
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi.
7. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At a bus station. C. At a restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
7. Why is the man at the supermarket today
A. To do some shopping. B. To carry out a survey. C. To meet the owner.
9. What change did the owner make to the supermarket last year
A. The location. B. The name. C. The manager.
听第8段材料，回答第10-12题。
10. What is the woman doing
A. Borrowing a tent. B. Returning a tent. C. Packing a tent.
11. What is the woman’s motivation for climbing
A. To get close to nature. B. To have fun. C. To improve her fitness.
12. Where will the speakers climb together
A. In the wild. B. At a climbing center. C. At a gym.
听第9段材料，回答第13-16题。
13. What is the woman’s opinion about her idea of the online business
A. It’s unique. B. It’s practical. C. It’s challenging.
14. Why will the woman contact artists
A. To see their works. B. To look for inspiration.
C. To do business with them.
15. What will the woman do for large orders
A. Offer free delivery. B. Charge a small fee. C. Give a discount.
16. What is special about the packaging
A. It’s luxury. B. It’s of good quality.
C. It’s environmentally friendly.
听第10段材料，回答第17-20题。
17. Where are drinks served all day
A. In the cafe. B. In the dining room. C. By the swimming pool.
18. What will the listeners probably do around 1 p.m.
A. Have lunch. B. Go swimming. C. Attend a conference.
19. What does the speaker apologize for
A. The updated program. B. The high temperature. C. The late lunch.
20. Why does the conference program have to be changed
A. Some rooms are being repaired. B. The General Manager can’t come.
C. A speaker isn’t able to give her talk.
第二部分 : 阅读理解
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
A
What’s on
Bluedot
Jodrell Bank Observatory, Cheshire, 21-24 July
Bluedot returns for four days of music, art and space science. Among the treats are talks by physicist Jim AI-Khalili, astronaut Tim Peake, space scientist Monica Grady and BBC Sky at Night’s Chris Lintott, alongside a bill of stand-up comedy, art and music by the likes of Bjork and Groove Armada. Day tickets ￡35/visitor, weekend tickets ￡179/visitor.
Late Night Explorer
Kielder Observatory, Northumberland, weekends, 11:30 pm
Wonder at the Moon, planets and galaxies under the guidance of expert astronomers, and use the observatory’s high-quality telescopes. Also enjoy a log-burning stove (炉子) and a hot chocolate. ￡46/visitor.
Herschel to Hawkwind
Observatory Science Centre, Herstmonceux, 2 July, 7:30 pm
Rock guitarist and astronomer William gives an entertaining talk that explores the connection between music and the sky, including live music and a singalong. ￡16/adult; ￡13/child.
Craig Telescope Talk
Bredhurst Village Hall, Gillingham, 29 July, 8 pm
Greg Smye-Rumsby brings to life the story of the Craig telescope, for a brief time in the mid-19th century the largest refracting telescope (折射望远镜) in the world. Was this strange instrument just an expensive folly ￡18/visitor; ￡24 with food.
1. What might Bjork do for visitors during 21-24 July
A Serve them a hot chocolate. B. Entertain them with music.
C. Give a lecture on the universe. D. Discuss how music relates to the sky.
2. How much should a young couple pay for William’s talk
A. ￡13. B. ￡16. C. ￡26. D. ￡32.
3. Where should visitors go if they’d like to learn about the Craig telescope
A. Observatory Science Centre. B. Jodrell Bank Observatory.
C. Bredhurst Village Hall. D. Kielder Observatory.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍最近的一些活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Bluedot中“Jodrell Bank Observatory, Cheshire, 21-24 July(乔德雷尔银行天文台，柴郡，7月21日至24日)”以及“Bluedot returns for four days of music, art and space science. Among the treats are talks by physicist Jim AI-Khalili, astronaut Tim Peake, space scientist Monica Grady and BBC Sky at Night's Chris Lintott, alongside a bill of stand-up comedy, art and music by the likes of Bjork and Groove Armada. Day tickets ￡35/visitor, weekend tickets ￡179/visitor. (Bluedot将回归四天的音乐、艺术和空间科学课程。其中包括物理学家Jim AI Khalili、宇航员Tim Peake、太空科学家Monica Grady和BBC Sky at Night的Chris Lintott的演讲，以及Bjork和Groove Armada等的单口喜剧、艺术和音乐。日票￡35/游客，周末门票￡179/访客。)”可知，Bjork将会对参观者提供音乐。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Herschel to Hawkwind中“Rock guitarist and astronomer William gives an entertaining talk that explores the connection between music and the sky, including live music and a singalong. ￡16/adult; ￡13/child.(摇滚吉他手兼天文学家威廉会发表一场有趣的演讲，探讨音乐与天空之间的联系，包括现场音乐和合唱。￡16/成年人；￡13/儿童。)”可知，一对夫妻参加威廉的演讲需要支付￡32。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Craig Telescope Talk中“Bredhurst Village Hall, Gillingham, 29 July, 8 pm(7月29日，晚上8点，吉林厄姆Bredhurst Village Hall)”和“Greg Smye-Rumsby brings to life the story of the Craig telescope, for a brief time in the mid-19th century the largest refracting telescope(折射望远镜) in the world. (Greg Smye Rumsby生动地讲述了Craig望远镜的故事，该望远镜在19世纪中期曾短暂成为世界上最大的折射望远镜。)”可知，想了解Craig望远镜可以去Bredhurst Village Hall。故选C项。
B
The hand-drawn posters kept catching Aviram Cohen’s eye as he walked around his neighborhood in Queens, N.Y. They were colorful advertisements with a distinct style. Cohen, who builds exhibitions in museums and galleries, was eager to uncover who was behind the posters. It wasn’t easy.
“I found them by going from restaurant to restaurant until there was someone that had their phone number,” Cohen, 42, said, adding that he was hoping to ask them to create a sign for his wife’s yoga and Pilates studio in Jackson Heights.
When the artists, Carlos and Miguel Cevallos, met him at his wife’s studio that day in 2018, Cohen was shocked to see two brothers in their 80s, who for decades have spent their days in their shared Manhattan apartment making advertising posters by hand. They had long been relying on word of mouth to attract new clients. Then Cohen suggested they get on social media to preserve their work. “It should be documented so it doesn’t disappear,” Cohen said. Cohen offered to create an Instagram account for the brothers. They were on board with the idea.
The brothers, along with their older brother, Victor, opened a sign shop in Bogota in 1966. Victor taught his younger brothers all he knew about art. After Victor moved to New York in 1969, his brothers eventually followed him. Carlos came first in 1974 and produced posters with Victor in a small art studio in Times Square, and later in Queens. In 2005, Miguel moved to New York. After Victor’s death in 2012, Miguel and Carlos carried on their brother’s legacy(遗产)by continuing to make custom posters. Miguel outlines the letters and images, and Carlos is the colorist.
Recently, the brothers have received requests from potential clients across the United States, as well as internationally. The two have no plans to part with their pens and paintbrushes anytime soon. They intend to make art indefinitely.
4. Why did Cohen try to find the poster designers
A. To reach out hands for them.
B. To order a sign for his wife’s studio.
C. To collect posters for his exhibitions.
D. To learn the technique of making posters.
5. How did Cohen help the two brothers
A. He advertised them with posters.
B. He made a documentary for them.
C. He introduced social media to them.
D. He housed them in a downtown apartment.
6. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 4
A. To show the two brothers’ artistic origins.
B. To present the two brothers’ distinct art styles.
C. To explain why the two brothers’ business is on the rise.
D. To illustrate how the two brothers went through their tough years.
7. What will the two brothers do next
A. Carry on with their art.
B. Promote their art globally.
C. Pursue their separate interests in art.
D. Attempt to use new tools to do their art.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。本文讲述了制作手绘海报的80多岁的Carlos and Miguel Cevallos两兄弟的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的““I found them by going from restaurant to restaurant until there was someone that had their phone number,” Cohen, 42, said, adding that he was hoping to ask them to create a sign for his wife’s yoga and Pilates studio in Jackson Heights. (42岁的科恩说：“我从一家餐厅到另一家餐厅寻找他们，直到有人有他们的电话号码。”他还说，他希望请他们为他妻子在杰克逊高地的瑜伽普拉提工作室制作一个标牌。)”可知，科恩试图找到海报设计师是为了给他妻子的工作室定制标识牌。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cohen offered to create an Instagram account for the brothers. They were on board with the idea. ( 科恩提出为这对兄弟创建一个Instagram账户。他们赞成这个想法。)”可知，科恩通过介绍社交媒体给他们来帮助他们。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The brothers, along with their older brother, Victor, opened a sign shop in Bogota in 1966. Victor taught his younger brothers all he knew about art. After Victor moved to New York in 1969, his brothers eventually followed him. Carlos came first in 1974 and produced posters with Victor in a small art studio in Times Square, and later in Queens. In 2005, Miguel moved to New York. After Victor’s death in 2012, Miguel and Carlos carried on their brother’s legacy(遗产)by continuing to make custom posters. Miguel outlines the letters and images, and Carlos is the colorist. (1966年，这对兄弟和他们的哥哥维克多(Victor)在波哥大开了一家标识店。维克多把他所知道的艺术都教给了他的弟弟们。1969年维克托搬到纽约后，他的兄弟们也跟着搬到了纽约。1974年，卡洛斯第一次来到这里，和维克多一起在时代广场的一个小艺术工作室制作海报，后来在皇后区。2005年，米格尔搬到了纽约。2012年维克多去世后，米格尔和卡洛斯继承了他们兄弟的遗产，继续制作定制海报。米格尔勾勒出字母和图像，卡洛斯是调色师。)”可知，第四段介绍了兄弟俩制作海报的家族经历，因此推断作者写本段的目的是展示兄弟俩的艺术起源。故选A。
7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The two have no plans to part with their pens and paintbrushes anytime soon. They intend to make art indefinitely. (这两个人短期内都不打算放弃他们的笔和画笔。他们打算无限地创作艺术。)”可知，两兄弟会继续他们的艺术。故选A。
C
We often share images or thoughts on social networks. Now, researchers at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) have developed an algorithm (算法) that can analyse the content people post online.
According to William Glasser’s Choice Theory, there are five basic needs: Survival, Power, Freedom, Belonging and Fun. “These needs even have an influence on the images we choose to upload to our Instagram page,” explained Mohammad Mahdi Dehshibi, a researcher at the UOC.
The research team has spent two years working on a deep-learning model that identifies the five needs described by Glasser. For the study, which has been published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, the researchers analyzed 86 Instagram profiles, in both Spanish and Persian (波斯语), and developed an algorithm to identify the content of the images and categorize textual content by assigning different labels.
Glasser’s theory argues that each choice users make on social media does not respond to just one basic need — the multi-label approach of this study helps to clear it up. Dehshibi uses an example to explain this: “Imagine that a cyclist is riding up a mountain, and at the top, he can choose between sharing a selfie (自拍照) and a group photo. If he chooses the selfie, we perceive a need for Power, but if he chooses the other option, we can conclude that the person is not only looking for Fun but also a way to satisfy his need for Belonging.”
“Studying data from social networks that belong to non-English-speaking users could help build inclusive and diverse tools and models for addressing mental health problems in people with diverse cultural backgrounds,” Dehshibi adds.
The research team believe that their study can help improve preventive measures, ranging from identification to improved treatment when a person has been diagnosed (诊断) with a mental health disorder.
Back in 2019, University of Vermont researchers developed an artificial-intelligence-based system that can detect signs of anxiety in the speech patterns of young children. Meanwhile, computer scientists from the University of Alberta, Canada, have developed algorithms that can detect and identify depression through people’s voices.
8. What can the algorithm be used to do
A. Introducing William Glasser’s Choice Theory.
B. Creating different databases for the research team.
C. Identifying users’ basic needs from the content they share online.
D. Giving people a tool to post images or thoughts on social networks.
9. How does Dehshibi present his idea in Paragraph 4
A. By providing data. B. By making comparisons.
C. By quoting sayings. D. By giving examples.
10. What does the research team think of their study
A. It can suggest ways to improve social networks.
B. It is useful in handling mental health problems.
C. It is helpful in changing online users’ bad habits.
D. It can link people with diverse cultural backgrounds together.
11. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the readers.
C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学研究人员开发了一种算法，可以从用户在社交网络上分享的文本和图像中发现其可能存在的心理健康问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now, researchers at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) have developed an algorithm (算法) that can analyse the content people post online.(现在，加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学（UOC）的研究人员开发了一种算法，可以分析人们在网上发布的内容)”和第三段中“The research team has spent two years working on a deep-learning model that identifies the five needs described by Glasser.(研究团队花了两年时间研究一个深度学习模型，该模型可以识别Glasser描述的五种需求)”可知，该算法被用来从用户在线分享的内容中识别用户的基本需求。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Glasser’s theory argues that each choice users make on social media does not respond to just one basic need — the multi-label approach of this study helps to clear it up. Dehshibi uses an example to explain this(Glasser的理论认为，用户在社交媒体上做出的每一个选择都不仅仅是对一种基本需求的回应——这项研究的多标签方法有助于理清这个问题。Dehshibi用了一个例子来解释这一点)”可推知，Glasser是通过举例来说明他的观点。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The research team believe that their study can help improve preventive measures, ranging from identification to improved treatment when a person has been diagnosed (诊断) with a mental health disorder.(研究小组认为，他们的研究可以帮助改善预防措施，从识别到改善治疗，当一个人被诊断患有精神健康障碍时)”可推知，研究团队认为他们的研究对处理心理健康问题很有用。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Back in 2019, University of Vermont researchers developed an artificial-intelligence-based system that can detect signs of anxiety in the speech patterns of young children. Meanwhile, computer scientists from the University of Alberta, Canada, have developed algorithms that can detect and identify depression through people’s voices.(早在2019年，佛蒙特大学的研究人员就开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以从幼儿的语言模式中检测出焦虑的迹象。与此同时，加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的计算机科学家开发了一种算法，可以通过人们的声音来检测和识别抑郁症)”可知，该段提到两个例子与研究人员开发的算法类似。由此可知，最后一段作者是用来补充说明背景信息的。故选C。
D
Octopuses (章鱼)are colour-blind and they use camera-like eyes to detect light polarisation (偏振) instead. Light polarisation refers to the plane(平面) at which light waves travel. Unpolarised light waves travel forward in every plane, while polarised light only travels in one plane. Measuring the effects of light polarisation on animal responses is arduous, but University of Bristol researchers developed a technology that made this a lot easier.
Although it was known that octopuses can detect light polarisation, the study is the first to show that octopuses have the highest sensitivity to the polarisation of light, compared to any other animal tested so far.
“We knew that octopuses, like many marine (海洋的) species, could see patterns in polarised light much like we see colour, but we had no idea that they could do so when the light was 2% polarised—that was exciting, but even more unexpected was when we then tested humans and found that they were able to perceive patterns when the light was 24% polarised,”said lead researcher Professor Shelby Temple.
This discovery led to the development of a new medical device that can quickly and easily screen people for low macular pigments (黄斑色素), a strong risk factor for developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is the most common cause of incurable blindness, which normally affects people in their 50s and 60s.
This new device opens the door to the regular screening of patients, enabling eye care professionals to better identify and suggest appropriate lifestyle choices to people at more risk of developing AMD. Early screening for macular pigment levels would empower patients to take better care of their eyes by making lifestyle choices, such as eating more fruits and vegetables, and wearing sunglasses.
12. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Adventurous. B. Necessary. C. Conventional. D. Laborious.
13. Which of the following greatly surprised the researchers according to Temple
A. Octopuses could perceive patterns in polarised light.
B. Humans could see colour much like octopuses saw patterns.
C. Humans could see patterns when the light was 24% polarised.
D. Octopuses could perceive colour when the light was 2% polarised.
14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new device
A. Its practical significance. B. Its widespread popularity.
C. The reasons for improving it. D. The process of employing it.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Octopus-like Devices Influence our Lifestyle Choices
B. Octopuses’ Camera-like Eyes Detect Light Polarisation
C. Octopus-inspired Innovation Helps Fight Human Sight Loss
D. Octopuses’ Unique Characteristics Attract Attention
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Measuring the effects of light polarisation on animal responses is arduous, but University of Bristol researchers developed a technology that made this a lot easier. (测量光偏振对动物反应的影响是 ，但布里斯托尔大学的研究人员开发了一种技术，使这项工作变得容易得多。)”可知，新技术让工作容易多了，那说明原本这工作是很困难的，所以猜测arduous表“困难的”，与D项Laborious(费力的)意义一致。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“We knew that octopuses, like many marine (海洋的) species, could see patterns in polarised light much like we see colour, but we had no idea that they could do so when the light was 2% polarised—that was exciting, but even more unexpected was when we then tested humans and found that they were able to perceive patterns when the light was 24% polarised, (我们知道章鱼和许多海洋物种一样，可以在偏振光中看到图案，就像我们看到颜色一样，但我们不知道当光偏振2%时它们可以看到图案——这很令人兴奋，但更出乎意料的是，当我们测试人类时，发现当光偏振24%时，他们能够感知图案，)”可知，研究人员很惊讶当光线偏振24%时，人类可以看到图案。故选C项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“This new device opens the door to the regular screening of patients, enabling eye care professionals to better identify and suggest appropriate lifestyle choices to people at more risk of developing AMD. Early screening for macular pigment levels would empower patients to take better care of their eyes by making lifestyle choices, such as eating more fruits and vegetables, and wearing sunglasses. (这种新设备为定期筛查患者打开了大门，使眼科护理专业人员能够更好地识别和建议更容易患AMD的人选择适当的生活方式。黄斑色素水平的早期筛查将使患者能够通过选择生活方式，如多吃水果和蔬菜，戴太阳镜，更好地照顾自己的眼睛。)”可知，本段主要讲该设备实际的作用和意义。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第四段“This discovery led to the development of a new medical device that can quickly and easily screen people for low macular pigments(黄斑色素), a strong risk factor for developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is the most common cause of incurable blindness, which normally affects people in their 50s and 60s. (这一发现导致了一种新的医疗设备的开发，该设备可以快速方便地对人们进行低黄斑色素筛查，这是患老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的一个重要风险因素。AMD是导致不治之症的最常见原因，通常影响50多岁和60多岁的人。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。所以C项Octopus-inspired Innovation Helps Fight Human Sight Loss(章鱼启发的创新有助于对抗人类视力下降)符合语境。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Rise of “China-chic”
Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. ___16___. “China-chic” is rising, but what is it
The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. ___17___. In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao.
___18___. This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines.
In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. ___19___.
Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. ___20___. Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it transmits culture and values.
A. The trend grew in the following years
B. They give the viewers a totally new experience
C. The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends
D. It also expresses national pride and confidence in a new era
E. The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors
F. Its success will rely first and foremost on gaining cultural confidence
G. The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“中国时尚”——国潮的兴起。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. (在过去的几年里，国潮在中国消费者中越来越受欢迎。国潮传达了中国的文化遗产和价值观。)”可知，这里提到国潮的受欢迎以及国潮蕴含的内涵。选项D“它也表达了民族自豪感和对新时代的信心”承接上文，其中的expresses和上文的conveys呼应。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. (国潮的理念最早是借鉴了一些国际品牌，并于2015年开始赢得中国消费者的青睐。)”和下文“In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao(the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding(预示) the early period of guochao. (2018年，中国运动品牌李宁在纽约时装周上展示了其“悟道”系列。它以鲜艳的红色和汉字为特色。此后，更多的品牌紧随其后，预示着国潮的早期。)”可知，这里介绍国潮早期的发展历程。选项A“这一趋势在接下来的几年里不断发展”和承上启下，其中的the following years呼应上下文的年份2015和2018。故选A。
【18题详解】
空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应统领下文内容。根据下文“This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. (这是一个大数据、云计算、物联网和5G技术应用相继进入市场的时期。华为、小米和大疆等国内科技公司成为头条新闻。)”可知，这里介绍与高科技相关的国潮品牌。选项E“国潮的第二个时期以高科技产业为主”契合段落内容，且和上一段落的第一阶段和下一段落的第三阶段呼应。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. (随着消费者对文化认同和创意表现出更大的兴趣，电视节目《国家宝藏》和舞蹈节目《大唐夜宴》等作品将文化和历史元素与最新的视听技术相结合。)”可知，这里介绍融入国潮的电视文化节目。选项B“它们给观众一种全新的体验”承接上文，其中的They指代上文的productions。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. (如今，国潮正在迈向下一个阶段。无论这一趋势如何演变，中国人民对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化的认可和信心都不会改变。)”可知，这里涉及国潮与人民对国家发展的积极态度和文化自信的关系。选项F“它的成功首先取决于获得文化自信”承接上文。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“New Recruits (招募) Wanted.” This____21____caught my eye and revived (重新唤起) the dream I had since my childhood. But, just as____22____, I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty. Hesitating for a while, I finally entered the hall and filled out a(n) ____23____.
My dream of becoming a firefighter began when I watched the television show Rescue 8 ____24____ with the cooperation of the Los Angeles Fire Department when I was young. Unfortunately, life doesn’t follow young people’s dreams. A career in construction, a family to ____25____, and many other factors got in the way of volunteering with the local fire department. Now, ____26____retirement, my wife and I have just relocated to a beautiful village near Seattle. I have time to give.
To my delight, I was accepted for ____27____. Yes, I was the oldest recruit, and it was so ____28____that I was ready to drop out one day. When I got home from practice that day, a friend came over. I was about to say I could____29____do it anymore when he passed me a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters who are in ____30____ , with a personalized message of inspiration, encouraging me to follow my dream. As I looked through the____31____ , I felt amazed at the courage and devotion of these brave ____32____ . It gave me the strength I needed to carry on.
Over the next few weeks, the training continued to be tough, but I never lost ____33____again. I lost twenty pounds, but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter. And now I can drive the big red trucks and ____34____ my community. When most of my friends are retiring, I’m ____35____ a new career I love. And I know that you're never too old to take on new challenges; never too old to follow your dreams.
21.
A. promise B. signal C. guideline D. sign
22.
A. quickly B. accurately C. fundamentally D. originally
23.
A. diagram B. memory C. application D. appointment
24.
A. written B. filmed C. described D. promoted
25.
A. rescue B. treasure C. build D. raise
26.
A. in case of B. in favor of C. in hope of D. in time of
27.
A. performing B. working C. training D. advertising
28.
A. demanding B. crucial C. anxious D. helpful
29.
A. gradually B. regularly C. barely D. particularly
30.
A. surprise B. action C. debt D. return
31.
A tips B. pages C. speeches D. indications
32.
A. partners B. colleagues C. individuals D. assistants
33.
A. patience B. focus C. fantasy D. sense
34.
A. control B. organize C. represent D. serve
35
A. pursuing B. shifting C. creating D. recalling
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在快要到60岁的时候追求理想，最终通过艰苦的训练，作者成为了一名消防员。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个标志引起了我的注意，让我想起了儿时的梦想。A. promise承诺；B. signal信号；C. guideline指导方针；D. sign标志，迹象。根据上文“New Recruits (招募) Wanted”可知，这是一个“标志”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。A. quickly快速地；B. accurately准确地；C. fundamentally从根本上；D. originally最初地。根据下文“I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty”可知，“很快”，作者提醒自己已经快60岁了，不适合再工作。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于进了大厅，填了一份申请表。A. diagram图表；B. memory记忆；C. application申请表；D. appointment约会。根据上文“New Recruits (招募) Wanted”和“filled out”可知，作者是去填了一份“申请表”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我年轻时观看与洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的电视节目《营救8号》。A. written写；B. filmed拍摄电影；C. described描述；D. promoted促进。根据上文“television show”可知，这部电视节目是由与洛杉矶消防局合作“拍摄”的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了我在当地消防部门做志愿者。A. rescue救；B. treasure珍爱；C. build修建；D. raise养育。根据下文“got in the way of volunteering with the local fire department”可知，建筑行业的工作和“养”家糊口阻碍了作者的梦想。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在，在退休的时候，我和妻子搬到了西雅图附近一个美丽的村庄。A. in case of万一；B. in favor of赞成；C. in hope of希望；D. in time of在…的时候。根据上文“close to sixty”可知，他即将退休，空格处意为“在…的时候”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我高兴的是，我被接受参加培训。A. performing表演；B. working工作； C. training训练；D. advertising打广告。根据下文“I was the oldest recruit”可知，作者被接受并参加“培训”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，我是年龄最大的新人，训练太苛求了，以至于有一天我都准备退学了。A. demanding要求高的；B. crucial至关重要的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据下文“I was ready to drop out one day”可知，训练是“要求高的”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我正要说我几乎不能做下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了正在参加消防的消防员，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A. gradually逐渐；B. regularly定期地；C. barely几乎不；D. particularly非常，尤其。根据上文“I was ready to drop out one day”可知，句子表示作者正要说他“几乎不”能做下去了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正要说我几乎不能做下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了正在参加消防的消防员，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A. surprise惊讶；B. action行动；C. debt债；D. return回来，返回。根据下文“with a personalized message of inspiration, encouraging me to follow my dream”以及语境可知，书中讲述了“正在参加消防的”消防员，in action表“参加，在起作用”，符合句意。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。A. tips指点，诀窍，建议；B. pages页面；C. speeches演讲；D. indications指示。根据上文“a beautifully-illustrated book”可知，这里指作者看书的“页面”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。A. partners合伙人；B. colleagues同事；C. individuals个人；D. assistants助理。根据上文“a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters”可知，这里指一个个消防员，所以这里指“个人”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，训练仍然很艰苦，但我再也没有失去注意力。A. patience耐心；B. focus焦点、专注；C. fantasy幻想；D. sense感觉。根据下文“I lost twenty pounds, but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter”可知，作者专心训练，也就是没有失去“专注”力，最后成功了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我可以开红色的消防车为我的社区服务了。A. control控制；B. organize组织；C. represent代表；D. serve服务。根据上文“I can drive the big red trucks”可知，这里指现在作者可以开消防车为社区“服务”了。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的大多数朋友都退休了，我却在追求自己喜欢的新事业。A. pursuing追求；B. shifting转变；C. creating创造；D. recalling回想起。根据下文“a new career I love”可知，这里指作者“追求”自己喜欢的新事业。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How does urban public transport better serve elderly people Chongqing Trolley Company has added new age-friendly measures onto the buses, ____36____ a zero-step entrance, lost & found boxes, emergency drugs are available. ____37____ (additional), it carries out special training regularly for their staff to make bus service more age-friendly.
Chongqing Trolley Company operates ____38____ large number of bus routes, and the elderly are their major passengers, ____39____ (account) for 60% in total. To better serve them, the company has installed a zero-step entrance onto buses along 70 routes. The zero-step entrance is an innovation in public transport. In other words, the entrance of the bus will be lowered when the bus ____40____ (arrive) at the bus stop. Besides, the footrest at the back door can serve as a wheelchair ramp (斜坡) to make the bus more____41____ (access) to wheelchair users and other disabled people.
So far, these buses____42____ (equip) with priority seats and reading glasses for passengers with special ____43____ (need). First-aid knowledge training is also carried out regularly among drivers to offer better ____44____ (serve) to elderly passengers.
In the future, Chongqing Trolley Company will hopefully introduce more passenger-friendly measures _____45_____ try to make the local bus more convenient.
【答案】36. where
37. Additionally
38. a 39. accounting
40. arrives
41. accessible
42. have been equipped
43. needs 44. service
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了重庆电车公司在公交车上增加了新的老年人友好措施，包括零台阶入口、失物招领箱和应急药品，并且到目前为止，这些巴士都为有特殊需要的乘客配备了优先座位和老花镜。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：重庆电车公司在公交车上增加了新的老年友好措施，如零台阶入口、失物招领箱、应急药品等。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词buses，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，该公司定期为员工进行特别培训，使巴士服务更适合老年人。修饰后文句子应用副词additionally，作状语，首字母大写。故填Additionally。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：重庆有轨电车公司运营的公交线路数量众多，老年人是其主要乘客，占总数的60%。表示“数量多”短语为a large number of。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：重庆有轨电车公司运营的公交线路数量众多，老年人是其主要乘客，占总数的60%。分析句子结构可知account与逻辑主语the elderly构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填accounting。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：换句话说，当公共汽车到达公共汽车站时，公共汽车的入口将降低。此处主句为一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时，主语为bus，谓语用三单形式。故填arrives。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，巴士后门的脚凳可作为轮椅坡道，方便轮椅使用者及其他残疾人士进出。此处为make+宾语+宾补结构，此处表示“可使用的”应用形容词accessible。故填accessible。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这些巴士都为有特殊需要的乘客配备了优先座位和老花镜。表示“配备”短语为be equipped with，结合上文So far可知为现在完成时，主语为these buses，助动词用have。故填have been equipped。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：到目前为止，这些巴士都为有特殊需要的乘客配备了优先座位和老花镜。根据上文passengers可知need数量大于一应用复数形式。故填needs。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，我们亦定期为司机提供急救知识培训，为年长乘客提供更好的服务。作offer的宾语，应用名词service，故填service。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：未来，重庆有轨电车公司有望推出更多的乘客友好措施，并努力使当地公交更加方便。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 随着车辆的增加，校门口周边进出交通安全问题愈发严重。假定你是校学生会主席李华，针对“遵守交通规则重要性”向同学们及家长发出倡议。要点如下：
（1）列举校门口常见的交通违规现象及其影响
（2）发出倡议（至少两点）
注意：（1）词数100左右；(开头结尾已给出，不计入字数)
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：车行道roadway；人行道sidewalk；任意掉头make random U-turns
Dear fellow students and respected parents,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
【答案】Dear fellow students and respected parents,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student’ Union. I’d like to call your attention to the importance of obeying the traffic rules.
Nowadays, with the number of vehicles increasing on the road, traffic problems around the school gate have become part of our life. Some people run the red light at the crossing and others ride their bikes on the roadway. Some drivers drive too fast in the street. All the behavior presents potential danger. If we don’t obey the traffic rules, there might be more traffic jams and accidents.
To keep the traffic smooth, I suggest all the students should obey the traffic rules when walking in the street to make sure we are safe and avoid trouble. Also, I think it necessary to lay stress on the traffic safety education. Let’s take responsibility for ourselves and others.
Let’s take action now.
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。随着车辆的增加，校门口周边进出交通安全问题愈发严重。假定你是校学生会主席李华，针对“遵守交通规则重要性”向同学们及家长发出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遵守：obey→observe
强调：lay stress on→emphasize
采取行动：take action→take steps
建议：suggest→advise
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句原句：Nowadays, with the number of vehicles increasing on the road, traffic problems around the school gate have become part of our life.
拓展句：Nowadays, as the number of vehicles increases on the road, traffic problems around the school gate have become part of our life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, with the number of vehicles increasing on the road, traffic problems around the school gate have become part of our life.(运用了with复合结构)
【高分句型2】To keep the traffic smooth, I suggest all the students should obey the traffic rules when walking in the street to make sure we are safe and avoid trouble.(运用了不定式作目的状语，虚拟语气，when引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了that的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Diana’s birthday was approaching, however, her usual excitement was now replaced with disappointment and pressure. Turning eleven means a lot to her, and she had always expected to throw a party surrounded by her friends. Sadly, this year was totally different. The heavy burden of homework and her parents’ struggling business weighed heavily on her, forcing Diana to make the difficult decision of not having a birthday party, even though it was an event she enjoyed dearly every year.
One day, during break, her best friend, Alice, with a curious look in her eyes, approached. “Are you going to have a birthday party this year ” asked Alice, sensing Diana’s sadness.
“No,” Diana sighed and replied sadly, “There’s just too much going on and my parents are going through financial difficulties.”
She smiled weakly, trying to conceal her immense disappointment and stress, but Alice saw through her pretence (假装) easily. Alice nodded thoughtfully and did not say anything. After the break, Diana saw her talking to one of their classmates, Sarah, secretively. Curious, Diana went over to them, but as soon as Alice saw her, she quickly walked away. Diana was startled by Alice’s strange actions and turned towards Sarah.
“What did she say ” Diana asked.
However, Sarah simply shrugged and walked away with Alice, leaving Diana standing there, feeling left out and anxious.
What is happening Diana wondered anxiously. Are they keeping something from me
As Diana’s birthday drew nearer, Alice was often found chatting softly with her other classmates. Whenever Diana went over to them, they would just walk away or tell her that they were talking about a secret which Diana was not allowed to know. Alice has never kept secrets from me before, Diana thought. Her heart fell. Even her friends were distancing themselves from her! She swung between confusion and sadness with each passing moment, desperately trying to figure out what was happening. Why were her friends distancing themselves from her And what were they hiding
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为150左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Diana’s birthday, she went to school, finding her classroom in total darkness.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tears welled up in Diana’s eyes, her face brightening up with a broad smile.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
On Diana’s birthday, she went to school, finding her classroom in total darkness. A wave of confusion washed over her as she stepped hesitantly into the room, her heart pounding. She reached for the light switch, but before her hand could find it, a chorus of voices broke the silence. “Surprise!”, her classmates, led by Alice, jumped out from all sorts of hiding places. As the room flooded with light, Diana’s eyes widened in surprise and disbelief. The classroom was decorated with balloons and streamers, a beautiful cake sat on the teacher’s desk, and in the corner, a pile of presents waited to be unwrapped.
Tears welled up in Diana’s eyes, her face brightening up with a broad smile. She turned towards Alice, who was grinning from ear to ear. “We knew you couldn’t have a party this year, so we decided to bring the party to you,” Alice said, her eyes twinkling with mischief. The cloud of confusion lifted from Diana’s mind as she realized that her friends hadn’t been distancing themselves from her, they were planning this surprise all along. The sadness that had been looming over her birthday disappeared, replaced with joy and gratitude. As she cut the cake and opened her presents, Diana realized that this was indeed a grand birthday party, just like the ones that she used to have.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了Diana每年都会举办生日派对，但是今年因为家庭作业的负担以及父母的经济困难，她无法举办十一岁的生日派对，因此她往常的兴奋被失望和压力所取代。好朋友Alice察觉到了Diana的难过，得知Diana无法举办生日派对后，她常在课间休息时间和班级里的同学秘密交谈，还特意避开Diana。 Diana对此感到疑惑，觉得他们有事情瞒着自己，害怕他们是在疏远自己，很想弄清楚事情的真相。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Diana生日那天，她去学校，发现教室里一片漆黑”可知，第一段可描写Diana面对这种特殊情况的心理活动和反应，以及同学们出现为Diana准备了生日惊喜派对。
②由第二段首句内容“Diana热泪盈眶，脸上露出灿烂的笑容”可知，第二段可描写Alice向Diana解释他们之前的秘密交谈，以及Diana对惊喜派对的感受。
2. 续写线索：生日当天教室一片漆黑——Diana的心理和反应——同学们准备了惊喜派对——Diana开心地笑——Alice解释情况——Diana的感受
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①走进：step into/walk into
②装饰：decorate/ornament/adorn
③决定：decide/determine
④意识到：realize/recognize
⑤笼罩：loom over/hang over
⑥消失：disappear/vanish/go away
情绪类
①疑惑：confusion/puzzlement
②惊讶：surprise/astonishment/amazement
③悲伤：sadness/sorrow/unhappiness
④高兴：joy/delight/happiness
⑤感激：gratitude/gratefulness
【点睛】[高分句型1] A wave of confusion washed over her as she stepped hesitantly into the room, her heart pounding. (as引导时间状语从句、her heart pounding为独立主格结构)
[高分句型2] She turned towards Alice, who was grinning from ear to ear. (who引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] As she cut the cake and opened her presents, Diana realized that this was indeed a grand birthday party, just like the ones that she used to have. (As引导时间状语从句、第一个that引导宾语从句、第二个that引导限制性定语从句)
听力答案：BCAAC BCBAB CBBCA CAABC重庆十一中高2024届高三上半期考试
英语试题
第一部分 : 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听对话，选择最佳选项。
1.Where is the woman probably from
A. Peru. B. Britain. C. Mexico.
2.What will the man do tonight
A. Attend a party. B. Reply to an invitation. C. Play football.
3.What does the woman think of her old roommate
A. Selfish. B. Thoughtful. C. Careful.
4.What should the city do according to the woman
A. Create more jobs. B. Improve the air quality. C. Close some businesses.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their daily routine. B. Their dormitory. C. The weather.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给5秒钟的时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman suggest the man get home
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi.
7. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At a bus station. C. At a restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
7 Why is the man at the supermarket today
A To do some shopping. B. To carry out a survey. C. To meet the owner.
9. What change did the owner make to the supermarket last year
A. The location. B. The name. C. The manager.
听第8段材料，回答第10-12题。
10. What is the woman doing
A. Borrowing a tent. B. Returning a tent. C. Packing a tent.
11. What is the woman’s motivation for climbing
A. To get close to nature. B. To have fun. C. To improve her fitness.
12. Where will the speakers climb together
A. In the wild. B. At a climbing center. C. At a gym.
听第9段材料，回答第13-16题。
13. What is the woman’s opinion about her idea of the online business
A. It’s unique. B. It’s practical. C. It’s challenging.
14. Why will the woman contact artists
A. To see their works. B. To look for inspiration.
C. To do business with them.
15. What will the woman do for large orders
A. Offer free delivery. B. Charge a small fee. C. Give a discount.
16 What is special about the packaging
A. It’s luxury. B. It’s of good quality.
C. It’s environmentally friendly.
听第10段材料，回答第17-20题。
17. Where are drinks served all day
A. In the cafe. B. In the dining room. C. By the swimming pool.
18. What will the listeners probably do around 1 p.m.
A. Have lunch. B. Go swimming. C. Attend a conference.
19. What does the speaker apologize for
A. The updated program. B. The high temperature. C. The late lunch.
20. Why does the conference program have to be changed
A. Some rooms are being repaired. B. The General Manager can’t come.
C. A speaker isn’t able to give her talk.
第二部分 : 阅读理解
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
A
What’s on
Bluedot
Jodrell Bank Observatory, Cheshire, 21-24 July
Bluedot returns for four days of music, art and space science. Among the treats are talks by physicist Jim AI-Khalili, astronaut Tim Peake, space scientist Monica Grady and BBC Sky at Night’s Chris Lintott, alongside a bill of stand-up comedy, art and music by the likes of Bjork and Groove Armada. Day tickets ￡35/visitor, weekend tickets ￡179/visitor.
Late Night Explorer
Kielder Observatory, Northumberland, weekends, 11:30 pm
Wonder at the Moon, planets and galaxies under the guidance of expert astronomers, and use the observatory’s high-quality telescopes. Also enjoy a log-burning stove (炉子) and a hot chocolate. ￡46/visitor.
Herschel to Hawkwind
Observatory Science Centre, Herstmonceux, 2 July, 7:30 pm
Rock guitarist and astronomer William gives an entertaining talk that explores the connection between music and the sky, including live music and a singalong. ￡16/adult; ￡13/child.
Craig Telescope Talk
Bredhurst Village Hall, Gillingham, 29 July, 8 pm
Greg Smye-Rumsby brings to life the story of the Craig telescope, for a brief time in the mid-19th century the largest refracting telescope (折射望远镜) in the world. Was this strange instrument just an expensive folly ￡18/visitor; ￡24 with food.
1. What might Bjork do for visitors during 21-24 July
A. Serve them a hot chocolate. B. Entertain them with music.
C. Give a lecture on the universe. D. Discuss how music relates to the sky.
2 How much should a young couple pay for William’s talk
A. ￡13. B. ￡16. C. ￡26. D. ￡32.
3. Where should visitors go if they’d like to learn about the Craig telescope
A. Observatory Science Centre. B. Jodrell Bank Observatory.
C. Bredhurst Village Hall. D. Kielder Observatory.
B
The hand-drawn posters kept catching Aviram Cohen’s eye as he walked around his neighborhood in Queens, N.Y. They were colorful advertisements with a distinct style. Cohen, who builds exhibitions in museums and galleries, was eager to uncover who was behind the posters. It wasn’t easy.
“I found them by going from restaurant to restaurant until there was someone that had their phone number,” Cohen, 42, said, adding that he was hoping to ask them to create a sign for his wife’s yoga and Pilates studio in Jackson Heights.
When the artists, Carlos and Miguel Cevallos, met him at his wife’s studio that day in 2018, Cohen was shocked to see two brothers in their 80s, who for decades have spent their days in their shared Manhattan apartment making advertising posters by hand. They had long been relying on word of mouth to attract new clients. Then Cohen suggested they get on social media to preserve their work. “It should be documented so it doesn’t disappear,” Cohen said. Cohen offered to create an Instagram account for the brothers. They were on board with the idea.
The brothers, along with their older brother, Victor, opened a sign shop in Bogota in 1966. Victor taught his younger brothers all he knew about art. After Victor moved to New York in 1969, his brothers eventually followed him. Carlos came first in 1974 and produced posters with Victor in a small art studio in Times Square, and later in Queens. In 2005, Miguel moved to New York. After Victor’s death in 2012, Miguel and Carlos carried on their brother’s legacy(遗产)by continuing to make custom posters. Miguel outlines the letters and images, and Carlos is the colorist.
Recently, the brothers have received requests from potential clients across the United States, as well as internationally. The two have no plans to part with their pens and paintbrushes anytime soon. They intend to make art indefinitely.
4. Why did Cohen try to find the poster designers
A. To reach out hands for them.
B. To order a sign for his wife’s studio.
C. To collect posters for his exhibitions.
D. To learn the technique of making posters.
5. How did Cohen help the two brothers
A. He advertised them with posters.
B. He made a documentary for them.
C. He introduced social media to them.
D. He housed them in a downtown apartment.
6. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 4
A. To show the two brothers’ artistic origins.
B. To present the two brothers’ distinct art styles.
C. To explain why the two brothers’ business is on the rise.
D. To illustrate how the two brothers went through their tough years.
7. What will the two brothers do next
A. Carry on with their art.
B. Promote their art globally.
C. Pursue their separate interests in art.
D. Attempt to use new tools to do their art.
C
We often share images or thoughts on social networks. Now, researchers at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) have developed an algorithm (算法) that can analyse the content people post online.
According to William Glasser’s Choice Theory, there are five basic needs: Survival, Power, Freedom, Belonging and Fun. “These needs even have an influence on the images we choose to upload to our Instagram page,” explained Mohammad Mahdi Dehshibi, a researcher at the UOC.
The research team has spent two years working on a deep-learning model that identifies the five needs described by Glasser. For the study, which has been published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, the researchers analyzed 86 Instagram profiles, in both Spanish and Persian (波斯语), and developed an algorithm to identify the content of the images and categorize textual content by assigning different labels.
Glasser’s theory argues that each choice users make on social media does not respond to just one basic need — the multi-label approach of this study helps to clear it up. Dehshibi uses an example to explain this: “Imagine that a cyclist is riding up a mountain, and at the top, he can choose between sharing a selfie (自拍照) and a group photo. If he chooses the selfie, we perceive a need for Power, but if he chooses the other option, we can conclude that the person is not only looking for Fun but also a way to satisfy his need for Belonging.”
“Studying data from social networks that belong to non-English-speaking users could help build inclusive and diverse tools and models for addressing mental health problems in people with diverse cultural backgrounds,” Dehshibi adds.
The research team believe that their study can help improve preventive measures, ranging from identification to improved treatment when a person has been diagnosed (诊断) with a mental health disorder.
Back in 2019, University of Vermont researchers developed an artificial-intelligence-based system that can detect signs of anxiety in the speech patterns of young children. Meanwhile, computer scientists from the University of Alberta, Canada, have developed algorithms that can detect and identify depression through people’s voices.
8. What can the algorithm be used to do
A. Introducing William Glasser’s Choice Theory.
B. Creating different databases for the research team.
C Identifying users’ basic needs from the content they share online.
D. Giving people a tool to post images or thoughts on social networks.
9. How does Dehshibi present his idea in Paragraph 4
A. By providing data. B. By making comparisons.
C. By quoting sayings. D. By giving examples.
10. What does the research team think of their study
A. It can suggest ways to improve social networks.
B. It is useful in handling mental health problems.
C. It is helpful in changing online users’ bad habits.
D. It can link people with diverse cultural backgrounds together.
11. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the readers.
C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
D
Octopuses (章鱼)are colour-blind and they use camera-like eyes to detect light polarisation (偏振) instead. Light polarisation refers to the plane(平面) at which light waves travel. Unpolarised light waves travel forward in every plane, while polarised light only travels in one plane. Measuring the effects of light polarisation on animal responses is arduous, but University of Bristol researchers developed a technology that made this a lot easier.
Although it was known that octopuses can detect light polarisation, the study is the first to show that octopuses have the highest sensitivity to the polarisation of light, compared to any other animal tested so far.
“We knew that octopuses, like many marine (海洋的) species, could see patterns in polarised light much like we see colour, but we had no idea that they could do so when the light was 2% polarised—that was exciting, but even more unexpected was when we then tested humans and found that they were able to perceive patterns when the light was 24% polarised,”said lead researcher Professor Shelby Temple.
This discovery led to the development of a new medical device that can quickly and easily screen people for low macular pigments (黄斑色素), a strong risk factor for developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is the most common cause of incurable blindness, which normally affects people in their 50s and 60s.
This new device opens the door to the regular screening of patients, enabling eye care professionals to better identify and suggest appropriate lifestyle choices to people at more risk of developing AMD. Early screening for macular pigment levels would empower patients to take better care of their eyes by making lifestyle choices, such as eating more fruits and vegetables, and wearing sunglasses.
12. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Adventurous. B. Necessary. C. Conventional. D. Laborious.
13. Which of the following greatly surprised the researchers according to Temple
A. Octopuses could perceive patterns in polarised light.
B. Humans could see colour much like octopuses saw patterns.
C. Humans could see patterns when the light was 24% polarised.
D. Octopuses could perceive colour when the light was 2% polarised.
14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new device
A. Its practical significance. B. Its widespread popularity.
C. The reasons for improving it. D. The process of employing it.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Octopus-like Devices Influence our Lifestyle Choices
B. Octopuses’ Camera-like Eyes Detect Light Polarisation
C. Octopus-inspired Innovation Helps Fight Human Sight Loss
D. Octopuses’ Unique Characteristics Attract Attention
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Rise of “China-chic”
Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. ___16___. “China-chic” is rising, but what is it
The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. ___17___. In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao.
___18___. This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines.
In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. ___19___.
Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of and growing confidence in national culture won’t change. ___20___. Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it transmits culture and values.
A. The trend grew in the following years
B. They give the viewers a totally new experience
C. The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends
D. It also expresses national pride and confidence in a new era
E. The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors
F. Its success will rely first and foremost on gaining cultural confidence
G. The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“New Recruits (招募) Wanted.” This____21____caught my eye and revived (重新唤起) the dream I had since my childhood. But, just as____22____, I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty. Hesitating for a while, I finally entered the hall and filled out a(n) ____23____.
My dream of becoming a firefighter began when I watched the television show Rescue 8, ____24____ with the cooperation of the Los Angeles Fire Department when I was young. Unfortunately, life doesn’t follow young people’s dreams. A career in construction, a family to ____25____, and many other factors got in the way of volunteering with the local fire department. Now, ____26____retirement, my wife and I have just relocated to a beautiful village near Seattle. I have time to give.
To my delight, I was accepted for ____27____. Yes, I was the oldest recruit, and it was so ____28____that I was ready to drop out one day. When I got home from practice that day, a friend came over. I was about to say I could____29____do it anymore when he passed me a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters who are in ____30____ , with a personalized message of inspiration, encouraging me to follow my dream. As I looked through the____31____ , I felt amazed at the courage and devotion of these brave ____32____ . It gave me the strength I needed to carry on.
Over the next few weeks, the training continued to be tough, but I never lost ____33____again. I lost twenty pounds, but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter. And now I can drive the big red trucks and ____34____ my community. When most of my friends are retiring, I’m ____35____ a new career I love. And I know that you're never too old to take on new challenges; never too old to follow your dreams.
21.
A. promise B. signal C. guideline D. sign
22.
A. quickly B. accurately C. fundamentally D. originally
23.
A. diagram B. memory C. application D. appointment
24.
A. written B. filmed C. described D. promoted
25.
A. rescue B. treasure C. build D. raise
26.
A. in case of B. in favor of C. in hope of D. in time of
27.
A. performing B. working C. training D. advertising
28.
A. demanding B. crucial C. anxious D. helpful
29.
A. gradually B. regularly C. barely D. particularly
30.
A. surprise B. action C. debt D. return
31.
A. tips B. pages C. speeches D. indications
32.
A. partners B. colleagues C. individuals D. assistants
33.
A. patience B. focus C. fantasy D. sense
34.
A. control B. organize C. represent D. serve
35.
A. pursuing B. shifting C. creating D. recalling
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How does urban public transport better serve elderly people Chongqing Trolley Company has added new age-friendly measures onto the buses, ____36____ a zero-step entrance, lost & found boxes, emergency drugs are available. ____37____ (additional), it carries out special training regularly for their staff to make bus service more age-friendly.
Chongqing Trolley Company operates ____38____ large number of bus routes, and the elderly are their major passengers, ____39____ (account) for 60% in total. To better serve them, the company has installed a zero-step entrance onto buses along 70 routes. The zero-step entrance is an innovation in public transport. In other words, the entrance of the bus will be lowered when the bus ____40____ (arrive) at the bus stop. Besides, the footrest at the back door can serve as a wheelchair ramp (斜坡) to make the bus more____41____ (access) to wheelchair users and other disabled people.
So far, these buses____42____ (equip) with priority seats and reading glasses for passengers with special ____43____ (need). First-aid knowledge training is also carried out regularly among drivers to offer better ____44____ (serve) to elderly passengers.
In the future, Chongqing Trolley Company will hopefully introduce more passenger-friendly measures _____45_____ try to make the local bus more convenient.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 随着车辆的增加，校门口周边进出交通安全问题愈发严重。假定你是校学生会主席李华，针对“遵守交通规则重要性”向同学们及家长发出倡议。要点如下：
（1）列举校门口常见的交通违规现象及其影响
（2）发出倡议（至少两点）
注意：（1）词数100左右；(开头结尾已给出，不计入字数)
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：车行道roadway；人行道sidewalk；任意掉头make random U-turns
Dear fellow students and respected parents,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Diana’s birthday was approaching, however, her usual excitement was now replaced with disappointment and pressure. Turning eleven means a lot to her, and she had always expected to throw a party surrounded by her friends. Sadly, this year was totally different. The heavy burden of homework and her parents’ struggling business weighed heavily on her, forcing Diana to make the difficult decision of not having a birthday party, even though it was an event she enjoyed dearly every year.
One day, during break, her best friend, Alice, with a curious look in her eyes, approached. “Are you going to have a birthday party this year ” asked Alice, sensing Diana’s sadness.
“No,” Diana sighed and replied sadly, “There’s just too much going on and my parents are going through financial difficulties.”
She smiled weakly, trying to conceal her immense disappointment and stress, but Alice saw through her pretence (假装) easily. Alice nodded thoughtfully and did not say anything. After the break, Diana saw her talking to one of their classmates, Sarah, secretively. Curious, Diana went over to them, but as soon as Alice saw her, she quickly walked away. Diana was startled by Alice’s strange actions and turned towards Sarah.
“What did she say ” Diana asked.
However, Sarah simply shrugged and walked away with Alice, leaving Diana standing there, feeling left out and anxious.
What is happening Diana wondered anxiously. Are they keeping something from me
As Diana’s birthday drew nearer, Alice was often found chatting softly with her other classmates. Whenever Diana went over to them, they would just walk away or tell her that they were talking about a secret which Diana was not allowed to know. Alice has never kept secrets from me before, Diana thought. Her heart fell. Even her friends were distancing themselves from her! She swung between confusion and sadness with each passing moment, desperately trying to figure out what was happening. Why were her friends distancing themselves from her And what were they hiding
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为150左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Diana’s birthday, she went to school, finding her classroom in total darkness.
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Tears welled up in Diana’s eyes, her face brightening up with a broad smile.
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听力答案：BCAAC BCBAB CBBCA CAABC
