天津市耀华中学2024届高三年级第一学期期末测试
英语试卷
(满分150分)
第Ⅰ卷(共115分)
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do
A. Turn off the copier. B. Use another copier. C. Have the copier repaired.
2. How often will the woman’s son have piano lessons from next week on
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
3. What does the woman think of the city
A. Noisy. B. Appealing. C. Boring.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a computer lab. B. In the woman’s house. C. In a store.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Whether Jeff will come. B. Whether Jeff can catch the train. C. Whether Jeff has made a phone call.
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. Why won’t the speakers carry prepared food
A. They’ll do the cooking. B. Dave has got the food ready. C. The hotel will provide them with food.
7. What sport does the woman like
A. Swimming. B. Hiking. C. Cycling.
8. How many people will stay in the hotel
A. 7. B.8. C.9.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What does the man advise the girl to do
A. Find various materials. B. Read articles in newspapers. C. Borrow books from the library.
10. From where did the girl fail to find useful information
A. The newspapers. B. The books. C. The Internet.
11. What will the girl do next week
A. Do research. B. Make a presentation. C. Borrow some books.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至15题。
12. What can students do in Tuesday classes
A. Visit local galleries. B. Meet local photographers. C. Listen to talks given by experts.
13. What does the speaker say about Rob Waring
A. He is 30 years old. B. He is very experienced. C. He is a popular photographer.
14. What do Thursday classes focus on
A. Image processing. B. Photography theory. C. Basic practice.
15. How many classes does the course include
A. Two. B. Four. C. Eight.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项选择(每小题1分，满分 15分)
1. —Look, here is a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—_______ I’m a history expert
A. You’ve got me there B. I appreciate that
C. Let me give it a shot D. It’s right under my nose
2. To do a further research on the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to refer to a study _______ in Australia in 2022
A. conducting B. conducted C. to be conducted D. having conducted
3. —I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow for the Spring Festival holiday.
—Good for you. Remember to bring more clothes because the winter in Shanghai _______ be very cold sometimes.
A. would B. shall C. can D. may
4. —I rang you at about nine，but there was no reply．
—Oh，that was probably I was seeing the doctor．
A. why B. when C. what D. that
5. The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _______.
A. to be missed B. having been missing
C. to have been missing D. having missed
6. —How do you go to your office every day
—Normally, I take the subway to work, ________ most of my colleagues.
A. so do B. so does C. as does D. as do
7. —What do you think of the Great Wall of China
—Splendid! When I was in Beijing, I ________ it twice.
A. had visited B. visited
C. have visited D. would visit
8. When you are faced with obstacles in Senior 3, try not to let discouraging thoughts _______. Be optimistic and trust yourself, and you’ll make it.
A. take over B. take up C. take on D. take in
9. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
10. In contrast to the increasing original English books in China, you can only find a few books about modern China in the libraries of schools and universities in the UK, _______ in the bookshops.
A. rather than B. let alone C. other than D. as against
11. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are _______ to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.
A. bound B. subject C. subsequent D. committed
12. I agree with what you say in _______ , but differ on some points of detail.
A. appearance B. conscience C. existence D. substance
13. Now my time is almost up. In a few days, someone else will arrive to _______, and the tireless work of MSF members around the world will go on.
A. step into my shoes B. pull my weight C. take my breath D. come to my aid
14. —With the country’s pension fund gap becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be postponed immediately.
— Easier said than done _______ we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some other social problems.
A. Unless B. Even C. When D. Once
15. —Congratulations! Your team did a fantastic job in our project.
—Thanks a lot. _______ yours, our achievement counts for little.
A. Beyond B. Alongside C. Among D. Beside
第二节:完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
“Ouch!” I howled in pain as I ___16___ the hammer onto my foot. I felt foolish.
It was pouring with rain, and, lame for a moment, I hopped around to the driver’s side.
“No luck ” said George. We had a ___17___ tyre and I was trying to ___18___ the wheel. But it was stuck firm.
We had driven ten hours along the road ___19___ the jungle without seeing another ___20___. In the distance was an ox working in the field.
“So what do we do now How can we find a ___21___ ” asked George, as I got back into the car.
About fifteen minutes later, the rain stopped. Out of the jungle came an old woman. She walked towards us carrying something long and thin.
“Uh oh, here comes ___22___ !” said George. “She’s got a spear (矛).”
She was wearing traditional garments, with short sleeves, a colorful necklace and other jewelry. As she got closer, we saw the spear was just a wooden ___23___. I got out.
“Hello!” I said, in English. “Can you help us ” I ___24___ to the wheel.
She stared at it, and then made a gesture to follow her back to the jungle. George and I ____25____ at each other, and then ____26____ after her.
Soon we came to a tent under some trees. It had a firm framework of wooden poles, like ____27____ the woman was carrying, covered with heavy cloth, and ____28____ with rope made of some kind of loose plant fiber. All around were corn plants. It was harvest time for the ____29____ , and a spade, a fork and other tools were lying on the ground. Nearby were some chicks and a rooster, and a pig tied to a post.
The woman folded back a cloth and invited us in. My eyes had to adjust to the ____30____ inside. The tent was ____31____ with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot. She picked up a photo and showed it to us. Was it her husband The man in the photo was bare to the waist. He looked much too young. She was ____32____ a widow. Maybe her son or her nephew
Our hostess poured some tea, and watched smiling as we drank.
“Say something.” said George.
“ ____33____ !” I said and raised my cup. “Can we contact a garage ”
Suddenly, there was a tap at the door. It was the man in the photo. The old woman said something, and he looked at us. I felt ____34____ , so I smiled at him.
“No problem.” he said, in English. He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.
“Twenty minutes. No problem. Let’s wait by the car,” he said.
____35____ we walked back to the car, the sun pierced the clouds. Over the hills beyond was the most beautiful rainbow.
16. A. held B. dropped C. lifted D. pushed
17. A. even B. smooth C. worn D. flat
18. A. tighten B. loosen C. change D. rotate
19. A. under B. across C. beyond D. through
20. A. soul B. creature C. plant D. destination
21. A. shelter B. access C. path D. garage
22. A. aid B. danger C. hope D. motivation
23. A. pole B. stick C. weapon D. setting
24. A. withdrew B. tuned C. pointed D. submitted
25. A. looked B. smiled C. glared D. laughed
26. A. set off B. ran away C. hung out D. wound up
27. A. one B. the one C. it D. this
28. A. lengthened B. hardened C. fastened D. connected
29. A. fruit B. vegetable C. nuts D. grain
30. A. warmth B. darkness C. decoration D. surroundings
31. A. filled B. decorated C. furnished D. equipped
32. A. probably B. consequently C. definitely D. apparently
33. A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Awesome D. Exactly
34. A. despair B. pleasant C. relieved D. awkward
35. A. Until B. Since C. As D. Unless
第三部分: 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
A
Being a blockchain developer for two years, Zhang Yu admits that it was his aspiration (抱负) to explore new things that led him into this area of work.
“The blockchain can be seen as another form of the internet which is parallel to it,” said the 25-year-old. As applications used on the internet are developed by different companies, their data might not be trusted, according to Zhang. The blockchain, however, is decentralized, meaning that on this shared platform, it’s difficult to change the data. “The information is more secure and copyright is ensured due to its transparency,” Zhang said.
Zhang mostly programs digital collections such as artwork and digital museum exhibits into blockchain products. The products are then digitalized and can be traded virtually.
People may think that entering such a cutting-edge field must be awfully difficult. “A strong education background in computer science is required,” Zhang said. “However, it’s never too late to start.” Zhang himself is an example — he started as an undergraduate majoring in English and taught himself programming due to his interest in the topic. Zhang then studied computer science at a university in Hong Kong, which led to his current job.
Zhang pointed out the challenges a developer may face. “There are only about five thousand blockchain developers in China. So most of the time developers have to solve problems on their own,” Zhang said. They need to learn from their mistakes and explore new solutions. “Learning from peers is also crucial. When a new idea comes out, every developer needs to learn it to keep up with the latest trends,” Zhang added.
On the bright side, “the sense of achievement is massive when a project is finished,” Zhang said. “Plus I get to work from home and enjoy more freedom than others.”
36. What is a blockchain
A. A new internet-like service. B. A platform for digital exhibits.
C. An application for data storage. D. A system to manage copyrights.
37 Which statement does NOT consist with the principle of the blockchain
A. The blockchain prohibits companies from changing data at will.
B. The information in the blocks is secure and transparent in the network.
C. The transaction won’t be added to the block unless it is proved legal.
D. The money is moved indirectly from A to B.
38. What is required to become a blockchain developer
A. The ability to self-study. B. Relevant work experience.
C. A good com mand of English. D. A solid knowledge of computer science.
39. What is a challenge blockchain developers may face, according to Zhang
A. Intense peer pressure. B. Limited job opportunities.
C. Little experience to refer to. D. High likelihood of making mistakes.
40. What does Zhang think is a benefit of being a blockchain developer
A. Feeling fulfilled after a project is completed.
B. Gaining constant access to new knowledge.
C. Having the opportunity to work independently.
D. Having the chance to work on well established projects.
B
This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field
The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing – the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board.
The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次) of meaning . Some layers are simple, clean, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate(本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学).
Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”
But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this; All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they cam teach better.
41. What do we know about this unusual class
A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board
B. The teacher were invited to attend several lectures.
C. The student were professors from a university
D. The students were studying science and humanities.
42. The experiment was designed to find out
A. how to teach the students in the science class
B. whether poetry is difficult for science students
C. what to be taught in the humanities class
D. why many humanities students find science hard.
43. Finding levels of meaning is .
A. important for graduate students in humanities
B. difficult for graduate students in humanities
C. common for undergraduate students in science
D. easy for undergraduate students in science.
44. What did the science professors learn after the experiment
A. They should change the way they teach
B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.
C. A poetry class could be more informative.
D Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.
C
In today’s day and age of one click purchases and immediately accessible information, instant gratification (满足) is seen as the norm. The always — on world, with smartphones and Wi-Fi, reinforces that you have to get what you want right away. But instant gratification isn’t always best in fact, impulse control is an essential life skill. When it comes to achieving your goals, delayed gratification is the skill that will get you there faster.
The truth is, it’s not realistic to get everything you want, much less get it immediately. Instant gratification is actually a source of frustration — it creates false expectations. By learning to employ delayed gratification, you buy time to strategize thoughtfully and learn from your failures.
Delayed gratification means resisting the temptation of an immediate reward, in anticipation that there will be a greater reward later. Those with high impulse control typically excel at delayed gratification.
According to Freud’s “pleasure principle” humans are wired to seek pleasure and avoid pain. This is why children seek instant gratification. But as we mature, this desire is tempered by the “reality” principle, or the ability of humans to consider risks versus rewards, by which we’re able to delay fulfillment instead of making a poor decision — especially if the later reward is greater than the one we’d get immediately.
The ability to hold out now for a better reward later allows you to save money for a vacation, skip dessert to lose weight or take a job you don’t love but that will help your career later on.
In the 1960s Stanford professor Walter Mischel tested hundreds of young children by placing each child in a private room, accompanied only by a single candy placed on the table. Researchers then offered each child a deal: If the child refrained from eating the candy while researchers briefly left the room, the child would be rewarded with a second one; otherwise there would be no second one. Some children ate the first candy immediately. Others tried to restrain themselves but eventually gave in. Only a few children managed to hold out for the two-candy reward.
Researchers followed the experiment participants into adulthood over a span of 40 years. Unlike the children giving in to temptation, the children who delayed their reward were far more successful in almost all areas of life. They scored higher on standardized tests, were healthier, responded better to stress, had fewer substance abuse issues and demonstrated better social skills. This delayed gratification example proved that it is crucial to success in almost every facet of life.
45. The author believes that _________.
A. instant gratification is always best
B. impulse control is an essential life skill
C. achieving goals requires no delay
D. the always-on world is a source of frustration
46. The word “tempered” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. enhanced B. developed C. eased D. affected
47. Which of the following best represents the delayed gratification described in the passage
A. Buying a new car immediately after saving enough money.
B. Waiting to buy a better new TV until the summer sale starts.
C. Deciding to eat dessert to celebrate weight loss.
D. Eating all the cookies in the jar instead of saving some for later.
48. Why did researchers test children with a single candy in the 1960s
A. To test their impulse control ability.
B. To teach them the concept of delayed gratification.
C. To understand how the children dealt with stress.
D. To test whether the children could keep their promise.
49. The author uses the delayed gratification example to show that _________.
A. it is important to consider risks and rewards
B. it is crucial to success in almost every aspect of life
C. the pleasure principle has less influence on adults than on children
D. strategic thinking is more effective than impulse control
D
We were five minutes into a severe winter storm — approaching Boston’s Logan International Airport when I turned to the woman next to me and said, “Hey, would you mind chatting with me for a few minutes ” My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.
“Sure. My name is Sue,” the woman replied, smiling warmly. “What brings you to Boston ” I started to explain that I was on a business trip. Then the plane trembled violently, and I blurted out, “I might need to hold your hand too.” Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.
Sometimes a stranger can significantly improve our day. A pleasant meeting with someone we don’t know, even an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads — a proven mood lifter — and help broaden our vision. Sandstrom, a psychologist and senior lecturer at the University of Essex, has found that people’s moods improve after they have a conversation with a stranger. And yet most of us resist talking to people we don’t know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. We’re typically wrong.
In a study in which Sandstrom asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said they’d learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communicated with one of the strangers again.
You don’t even have to talk to complete strangers to obtain the benefit. Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer than those who do not. One person took up the cell phone after chatting with a woman on the subway who was carrying one. Another recalled how the smile of a fruit salesman from whom he regularly bought bananas made him feel less lonely after he’d first arrived in a new city.
When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. “Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident. I asked her what she did for a living. “I’m a retired physical education teacher, and I coached women’s volleyball,” she said. Immediately, I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.
When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big hug and my card. A few days later, I received an e-mail with the subject line “Broken hand on Jet Blue.” “I have to admit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,” Sue wrote. “I just squeezed your hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary situation.” She added that when she’d told her friends about our conversation, they teased her because they know she loves to talk. I told my friends about Sue too. I explained how kind she was to me, and what I learned: It’s OK to ask for help from a stranger if you need it. Now if I mention to my friends that I am stressed or worried, they respond, “Just think of Sue!”
50. The writer struck up a conversation with her seatmate because ________.
A. they were heading for the same city on business
B. she was in urgent need of emotional comfort
C. the plane’s abrupt movement was unbearable
D. the woman was friendlier than other passengers
51. What benefit does a pleasant exchange with strangers bring us
A. It lights up our otherwise unsuccessful life.
B. It saves us the trouble of talking too much.
C. It lifts our spirits up and expands our mental horizons.
D. It guarantees us a lasting feeling of happiness.
52. Why does the writer mention the study conducted by Sandstrom
A. To present the benefits of interacting with acquaintances.
B. To show it lifts mood to make and meet with new friends.
C. To introduce some ways to associate with unknown people.
D. To relieve the anxiety about communicating with strangers.
53. What does the underlined sentence imply
A. The writer was impressed with Sue’s ability to inspire others.
B. The writer herself could have been a volleyball placer.
C. Sue possessed obvious characters of a qualified PE teacher.
D. Sue became the coach of the writer as a consequence.
54. How did the writer probably feel while reading Sue’s e-mail
A. Regretful. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
55. What might be a suitable title for the passage
A. The flying experience with strangers
B. The interesting small talk with strangers
C. The surprising boost you get from strangers
D. The expected friendship you established through chatting
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was young, my mum had a hard time. Five years earlier, my Dad drowned. The burden to raise us kids only fell on my mum’s shoulders. Because Dad had no pension, there was not much money. Thus, we went on relief (救济), now called social assistance.
Looking back, I realize what Mum went through, sending us kids to school. Every morning she would put a new piece of cardboard in our shoes, because our soles were worn out. Constant moving was typical for my family in these times. I still remember that once the rent for a house was twenty-five dollars a month. But Mum couldn’t pay it, and we knew we would be evicted right after Christmas on the first of January.
Unexpectedly, when Christmas was approaching, we received a twenty-five dollar Christmas fund for social services. Mum said that instead of buying food, she would use the money to pay rent, assuring us all of a roof over our heads for a little while longer. She told us then there would be nothing for Christmas.
I had a secret that was unknown to Mum. I had been selling Christmas trees, and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of comfortable boots for myself.
Well, the big day came on the afternoon of the Christmas Eve. I was very excited. But on the way to the boots store, I noticed a house with Christmas lights and decorations. It was then that I realized at our house, we had no lights, no decorations, nor turkey or ham for Christmas. I felt very sad.
I was eleven years old, and I was feeling a strange sense of guilt. Here I was going to buy a new pair of boots while Mum was home in tears. She would be trying to explain to us why there were no presents. So finally, I bought a turkey, ham, oranges and all the Christmas treats with my hard-earned money.
Later, with great excitement in my eyes, I knocked on the door. When my mum opened the door, some of the groceries fell onto the floor, and she just stood there surprised. Holding back the tears, I said, “Merry Christmas Mother!”
I did a lot of explaining as we unpacked all the food. That day I got enough hugs and kisses from Mum. She said I had grown up.
56. Why did the author’s mother have a hard time (no more than 12 words)
57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean (no more than 10 words)
58. What was the author’s secret (no more than 10 words)
59. What made the author’s mother surprised (no more than 10 words)
60. Do you agree with the mother’s words that the author had grown up And why (no more than 25 words)
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假如你是天津国际中学的学生李华，协助国际学生服务中心工作。为增进国际学生知华、友华情怀，学校现在寒假期间面向本校外国学生开展“My China Surprise”短视频征集活动，从自身视角讲述在中国学习和生活的经历与感悟。作品上传学校网站 www.tjinternationalmiddleschool.org。请你在广播中发出英文通知。要点如下：
1. 活动介绍；2. 视频要求(如格式，时长，截止日期等)；3. 鼓励参加。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________天津市耀华中学2024届高三年级第一学期期末测试
英语试卷
(满分150分)
第Ⅰ卷(共115分)
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do
A. Turn off the copier. B. Use another copier. C. Have the copier repaired.
2. How often will the woman’s son have piano lessons from next week on
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
3. What does the woman think of the city
A. Noisy. B. Appealing. C. Boring.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a computer lab. B. In the woman’s house. C. In a store.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Whether Jeff will come. B. Whether Jeff can catch the train. C. Whether Jeff has made a phone call.
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. Why won’t the speakers carry prepared food
A. They’ll do the cooking. B. Dave has got the food ready. C. The hotel will provide them with food.
7. What sport does the woman like
A. Swimming. B. Hiking. C. Cycling.
8. How many people will stay in the hotel
A. 7. B.8. C.9.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What does the man advise the girl to do
A. Find various materials. B. Read articles in newspapers. C. Borrow books from the library.
10. From where did the girl fail to find useful information
A. The newspapers. B. The books. C. The Internet.
11. What will the girl do next week
A. Do research. B. Make a presentation. C. Borrow some books.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至15题。
12. What can students do in Tuesday classes
A. Visit local galleries. B. Meet local photographers. C. Listen to talks given by experts.
13. What does the speaker say about Rob Waring
A. He is 30 years old. B. He is very experienced. C. He is a popular photographer.
14. What do Thursday classes focus on
A. Image processing. B. Photography theory. C. Basic practice.
15. How many classes does the course include
A. Two. B. Four. C. Eight.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项选择(每小题1分，满分 15分)
1. —Look, here is a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—_______. I’m a history expert
A. You’ve got me there B. I appreciate that
C. Let me give it a shot D. It’s right under my nose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——看，这是一个关于二十世纪事件的测验。——让我试一试。我是历史专家。A. You’ve got me there你可把我难倒了；B. I appreciate that我很感激；C. Let me give it a shot让我试试；D. It’s right under my nose它就在我眼皮底下。根据上文中的“here is a quiz on events of the twentieth century”和下文“I’m a history expert”可知，答话者说自己是历史专家，所以应该是想试试做这份测验，“Let me give it a shot”符合题意。故选C。
2. To do a further research on the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to refer to a study _______ in Australia in 2022
A. conducting B. conducted C. to be conducted D. having conducted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：为了进一步研究水污染问题，我想让你参考一下2022年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，study与conduct为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故选B。
3. —I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow for the Spring Festival holiday.
—Good for you. Remember to bring more clothes because the winter in Shanghai _______ be very cold sometimes.
A. would B. shall C. can D. may
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：———我明天要去上海过春节。———真不错。记得多带些衣服，因为上海的冬天有时会很冷。A. would会，要；B. shall可以，将（常与第一人称连用）；C. can可以，可能；D. may也许，可能。根据下文“be very cold sometimes”可知，此处表示按常理推断的抽象的可能性，应用can；may通常表示实际的、马上能应验的可能性。故选C项。
4. —I rang you at about nine，but there was no reply．
—Oh，that was probably I was seeing the doctor．
A. why B. when C. what D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：——我九点左右给你打电话，但没人接。——那可能是我去看医生的时候。分析句子结构， I was seeing the doctor．是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导该从句，故选B。
5. The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _______.
A. to be missed B. having been missing
C. to have been missing D. having missed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新闻报道称，印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人，据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知，be reported to do sth.“被报道做某事”为固定短语，且在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中，作宾补。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前，所以用动词不定式的完成式。故选C。
6. —How do you go to your office every day
—Normally, I take the subway to work, ________ most of my colleagues.
A. so do B. so does C. as does D. as do
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——你每天怎样去上班？——通常我和我的大多数同事一样乘坐地铁去。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，故填as作为连词，表示“正如……，如同……”，其后通常接“助动词+主语”，相当于“and so +助动词+主语”，又主语colleagues是复数，故用助动词do，故选D项。
7. —What do you think of the Great Wall of China
—Splendid! When I was in Beijing, I ________ it twice.
A. had visited B. visited
C. have visited D. would visit
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你认为中国的长城怎么样？——好极了！在北京的时候我参观过两次。根据“When I was in Beijing”可知，此处用一般过去时，故B项正确。
8. When you are faced with obstacles in Senior 3, try not to let discouraging thoughts _______. Be optimistic and trust yourself, and you’ll make it.
A. take over B. take up C. take on D. take in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你在高三遇到障碍时，尽量不要让沮丧的想法占据主导地位。乐观一点，相信自己，你会成功的。A. take over接管，控制，取代，占上风；B. take up占用（时间），占据（空间）；C. take on呈现；D. take in欺骗，理解，吸收。根据空前的let discouraging thoughts可知，这里指让沮丧的想法占上风。故选A。
9. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在里面长大的房子被拆了，被办公大楼所替代。分析句子结构可知，“I grew up ________ ”是定语从句，the house作介词in的宾语，关系代词被省略。故选B。
10. In contrast to the increasing original English books in China, you can only find a few books about modern China in the libraries of schools and universities in the UK, _______ in the bookshops.
A. rather than B. let alone C. other than D. as against
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：与中国越来越多的英语原版书籍形成鲜明对比的是，在英国的中小学图书馆和大学图书馆里，你只能找到几本关于现代中国的书，更不用说在书店了。A. rather than而不是；B. let alone更不用说；C. other than除……以外；D. as against与……相对照。根据空前的“you can only find a few books about modern China in the libraries of schools and universities in the UK”可知，你在英国的中小学图书馆和大学图书馆里只能找到几本关于现代中国的书，所以在书店更加找不到什么了，这里强调程度的加深，应用let alone。故选B。
11. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are _______ to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.
A. bound B. subject C. subsequent D. committed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被发现带宠物的学生，无论是来访的还是自己拥有的，都将受到100美元的罚款，每只宠物每天50美元的罚款。A. bound有义务的；B. subject受……支配的；C. subsequent随后的；D. committed坚定的。根据后文“an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.”可知，此处应是固定搭配：be subject to意为“遭受”，也就是“受到罚款”之意。故选B项。
12. I agree with what you say in _______ , but differ on some points of detail.
A. appearance B. conscience C. existence D. substance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我同意你所说的基本内容，但在某些细节上有所不同。A. appearance外表；B. conscience良心；B. existence存在；D. substance实质，基本内容。根据句中的differ on some points of detail可知，我在某些细节上与你说的话有分歧，但在基本内容上表示同意。故选D。
13. Now my time is almost up. In a few days, someone else will arrive to _______, and the tireless work of MSF members around the world will go on.
A. step into my shoes B. pull my weight C. take my breath D. come to my aid
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我的时间快到了。再过几天，就会有其他人来接替我，世界各地无国界医生组织成员的不懈工作将继续下去。A. step into my shoes接替我的工作；B. pull my weight尽职责；C. take my breath夺走我的呼吸；D. come to my aid帮助某人。根据句中的my time is almost up和the tireless work of MSF members around the world will go on可知，我在这里工作的时间快结束了，但有其他人来继续工作，所以是有人来接替我。故选A。
14. —With the country’s pension fund gap becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be postponed immediately.
— Easier said than done _______ we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some other social problems.
A. Unless B. Even C. When D. Once
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：——随着国家养老基金缺口比以往任何时候都大，退休年龄应该立即推迟。——说起来容易做起来难。除非我们把所有因素都考虑在内，否则我们将面临其他一些社会问题。A. Unless除非，引导条件状语从句；B. Even甚至，为副词，不能引导状语从句；C. When当……时，引导时间状语从句；D. Once一旦，引导时间状语从句。根据“we take all factors into account”和“we shall be faced with some other social problems”可知，这里表示条件，如果我们不把所有因素都考虑在内，我们将面临其他一些社会问题。故选A。
15. —Congratulations! Your team did a fantastic job in our project.
—Thanks a lot. _______ yours, our achievement counts for little.
A. Beyond B. Alongside C. Among D. Beside
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——祝贺你！你的团队在我们的项目中做得非常出色。——非常感谢。与你们的相比，我们的成就微不足道。A. Beyond超出；B. Alongside在……旁边，与……一起；C. Among在……中；D. Beside在……旁边（或附近），与……相比。根据空后的yours和our achievement counts for little可知，这里表示与你们的成就相比，我们的成就微不足道，这里应用Beside。故选D。
第二节:完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
“Ouch!” I howled in pain as I ___16___ the hammer onto my foot. I felt foolish.
It was pouring with rain, and, lame for a moment, I hopped around to the driver’s side.
“No luck ” said George. We had a ___17___ tyre and I was trying to ___18___ the wheel. But it was stuck firm.
We had driven ten hours along the road ___19___ the jungle without seeing another ___20___. In the distance was an ox working in the field.
“So what do we do now How can we find a ___21___ ” asked George, as I got back into the car.
About fifteen minutes later, the rain stopped. Out of the jungle came an old woman. She walked towards us carrying something long and thin.
“Uh oh, here comes ___22___ !” said George. “She’s got a spear (矛).”
She was wearing traditional garments, with short sleeves, a colorful necklace and other jewelry. As she got closer, we saw the spear was just a wooden ___23___. I got out.
“Hello!” I said, in English. “Can you help us ” I ___24___ to the wheel.
She stared at it, and then made a gesture to follow her back to the jungle. George and I ____25____ at each other, and then ____26____ after her.
Soon we came to a tent under some trees. It had a firm framework of wooden poles, like ____27____ the woman was carrying, covered with heavy cloth, and ____28____ with rope made of some kind of loose plant fiber. All around were corn plants. It was harvest time for the ____29____ , and a spade, a fork and other tools were lying on the ground. Nearby were some chicks and a rooster, and a pig tied to a post.
The woman folded back a cloth and invited us in. My eyes had to adjust to the ____30____ inside. The tent was ____31____ with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot. She picked up a photo and showed it to us. Was it her husband The man in the photo was bare to the waist. He looked much too young. She was ____32____ a widow. Maybe her son or her nephew
Our hostess poured some tea, and watched smiling as we drank.
“Say something.” said George.
“ ____33____ !” I said and raised my cup “Can we contact a garage ”
Suddenly, there was a tap at the door. It was the man in the photo. The old woman said something, and he looked at us. I felt ____34____ , so I smiled at him.
“No problem.” he said, in English. He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.
“Twenty minutes. No problem. Let’s wait by the car,” he said.
____35____ we walked back to the car, the sun pierced the clouds. Over the hills beyond was the most beautiful rainbow.
16. A. held B. dropped C. lifted D. pushed
17. A. even B. smooth C. worn D. flat
18. A. tighten B. loosen C. change D. rotate
19. A. under B. across C. beyond D. through
20. A. soul B. creature C. plant D. destination
21. A. shelter B. access C. path D. garage
22. A. aid B. danger C. hope D. motivation
23. A. pole B. stick C. weapon D. setting
24. A. withdrew B. tuned C. pointed D. submitted
25. A. looked B. smiled C. glared D. laughed
26. A. set off B. ran away C. hung out D. wound up
27. A. one B. the one C. it D. this
28. A. lengthened B. hardened C. fastened D. connected
29. A. fruit B. vegetable C. nuts D. grain
30. A. warmth B. darkness C. decoration D. surroundings
31. A. filled B. decorated C. furnished D. equipped
32. A. probably B. consequently C. definitely D. apparently
33. A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Awesome D. Exactly
34 A. despair B. pleasant C. relieved D. awkward
35. A. Until B. Since C. As D. Unless
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。下雨天在丛林里，作者他们的车轮胎出了故障，但无法更换。作者他们遇到了一位土著老妇人，老妇女带着作者他们来到她的帐篷并招待了他们，还找来一名男子帮助作者他们修车。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哎哟！”当我把锤子掉到脚上时，我痛苦地嚎叫着。A. held拿着；B. dropped掉下，使落下；C. lifted举起；D. pushed推。根据句中的“Ouch!”和“I howled in pain”可知，作者把锤子掉到脚上了。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的轮胎漏气了，我正试着换轮子。A. even均匀的；B. smooth平滑的；C. worn用坏的；D. flat平坦的，瘪了气的。根据上文中的“No luck (运气不好吗？)”和空后的“tyre”可知，他们的轮贴漏气了。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. tighten（使）变紧；B. loosen（使）放松；C. change变化，更换；D. rotate（使）旋转。根据句中的“We had a ___2___tyre”和下文中的“But it was stuck firm.(但它被紧紧卡住了。)”可知，轮胎瘪了，作者要换轮胎。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们沿着穿过丛林的路开了十个小时，却没有看到另一个人。A. under在（或到、通过）…… 下面；B. across横穿；C. beyond超出；D. through穿过。根据空前的“the road”和空后的“the jungle”可知，这条公路穿过丛林。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. soul灵魂，人；B. creature生物；C. plant植物；D. destination目的地。根据句中的“the jungle”并结合常识可知，在丛林里除了作者和George外，没有其他人了。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们怎么能找到一个汽车修理厂？A. shelter庇护处；B. access通道；C. path小路；D. garage汽车修理厂。根据下文中的“Can we contact a garage (我们能联系一下汽车修理厂吗？)”可知，他们车坏了，需要找汽车修理厂修。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，危险来了！A. aid帮助；B. danger危险；C. hope希望；D. motivation动机。根据下文中的“She’s got a spear (矛)(她有一根矛。)”可知，George说这位老妇人拿着一根矛，认为这很危险。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她走近时，我们看到长矛只是一根木杆。A. pole杆子；B. stick拐棍；C. weapon武器；D. setting背景。根据下文中的“wooden poles”可知，这里是说老妇人拿着的原来是一根木杆。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你能帮我们吗？”我指着车轮。A. withdrew（使）撤回；B. tuned调整；C. pointed指，指向；D. submitted提交。根据空后的“to the wheel”可知，作者指着瘪了的车轮向老妇人求助。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：George和我互相看了一眼，然后跟在她后面出发了。A. looked看；B. smiled微笑；C. glared怒目而视；D. laughed大笑。根据上文中的“made a gesture to follow her back to the jungle”可知，老妇人做手势示意作者二人跟着她去丛林中，结合常识可知，面对这种情况，作者二人互相看了一眼交流意见。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. set off出发，动身；B. ran away逃跑；C. hung out常去；D. wound up结束。根据空后的“after her”和下文中的“Soon we came to a tent under some trees.(很快我们来到一个树下的帐篷前。)”可知，作者二人跟着老妇人出发了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：它有一个结实的木杆框架，就像那个女人拿的那个一样，上面覆盖着厚厚的布，用某种松散的植物纤维制成的绳子固定。A. one一个人，一件事物；B. the one这个人，这个事物；C. it它；D. this这个。根据前面的“wooden poles”和空后的“the woman was carrying”可知，这里特指老妇人手里拿着的木杆，应用the one，特指前面提到的可数名词。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. lengthened（使）变长；B. hardened（使）变硬；C. fastened系牢，使固定；D. connected（使）连接。空处和and前的covered with heavy cloth一起作后置定语，修饰a firm framework of wooden poles。根据空后的“with rope”可知，这里指结实的木杆框架是用绳子固定的。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是收割谷物的时候了，地上放着一把铲子、一把叉子和其他工具。A. fruit水果；B. vegetable蔬菜；C. nuts坚果；D. grain谷物。根据上文中的“All around were corn plants.(四周都是玉米。)”和句中的“harvest time”可知，这里指收割谷物的时候。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛不得不适应里面的黑暗。A. warmth温暖；B. darkness黑暗；C. decoration装饰品；D. surroundings环境。根据句中的“My eyes”并结合常识可知，帐篷里应该比较黑暗，作者的眼睛需要适应。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帐篷的地板上陈设了几张垫子，还有一张放着茶壶的矮桌子。A. filled充满；B. decorated装饰，装潢；C. furnished布置家具；D. equipped配备，装备。根据空后的“with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot”可知，这里在说帐篷里的家具陈设。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她可能是个寡妇。A. probably很可能；B. consequently因此；C. definitely肯定；D. apparently显然。根据下文中的“Maybe her son or her nephew (也许是她的儿子还是她的侄子？)”可知，作者猜测照片中的男子身份可能是老妇人的儿子或侄子，由此可推测出，作者猜测老妇人可能是寡妇。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查感叹词词义辨析。句意：“干杯！”我说着举起杯子。A. Congratulations恭喜；B. Cheers干杯；C. Awesome棒极了；D. Exactly正是如此。根据句中的“I said and raised my cup”并结合常识可知，作者举起杯子应该说“干杯”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很尴尬，所以我对他笑了。A. despair绝望；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. relieved感到宽慰的；D. awkward令人尴尬的，紧张的。根据上文中的“The old woman said something, and he looked at us.(老妇人说了些什么，他看着我们。)”可知，照片中的陌生男子看着作者他们，按照常理来说作者应该感到比较尴尬，只能报以微笑。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们走回汽车时，太阳穿透了云层。A. Until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；B. Since自……以后，因为，引导时间、原因状语从句；C. As当……时，因为，照……方式，尽管，引导时间、原因、方式、让步状语从句；D. Unless除非，引导原因状语从句。分析句子结构，这里应用As引导时间状语从句。故选C。
第三部分: 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
A
Being a blockchain developer for two years, Zhang Yu admits that it was his aspiration (抱负) to explore new things that led him into this area of work.
“The blockchain can be seen as another form of the internet which is parallel to it,” said the 25-year-old. As applications used on the internet are developed by different companies, their data might not be trusted, according to Zhang. The blockchain, however, is decentralized, meaning that on this shared platform, it’s difficult to change the data. “The information is more secure and copyright is ensured due to its transparency,” Zhang said.
Zhang mostly programs digital collections such as artwork and digital museum exhibits into blockchain products. The products are then digitalized and can be traded virtually.
People may think that entering such a cutting-edge field must be awfully difficult. “A strong education background in computer science is required,” Zhang said. “However, it’s never too late to start.” Zhang himself is an example — he started as an undergraduate majoring in English and taught himself programming due to his interest in the topic. Zhang then studied computer science at a university in Hong Kong, which led to his current job.
Zhang pointed out the challenges a developer may face. “There are only about five thousand blockchain developers in China. So most of the time developers have to solve problems on their own,” Zhang said. They need to learn from their mistakes and explore new solutions. “Learning from peers is also crucial. When a new idea comes out, every developer needs to learn it to keep up with the latest trends,” Zhang added.
On the bright side, “the sense of achievement is massive when a project is finished,” Zhang said. “Plus I get to work from home and enjoy more freedom than others.”
36. What is a blockchain
A. A new internet-like service. B. A platform for digital exhibits.
C. An application for data storage. D. A system to manage copyrights.
37. Which statement does NOT consist with the principle of the blockchain
A. The blockchain prohibits companies from changing data at will.
B. The information in the blocks is secure and transparent in the network.
C. The transaction won’t be added to the block unless it is proved legal.
D. The money is moved indirectly from A to B.
38. What is required to become a blockchain developer
A. The ability to self-study. B. Relevant work experience.
C. A good com mand of English. D. A solid knowledge of computer science.
39. What is a challenge blockchain developers may face, according to Zhang
A. Intense peer pressure. B. Limited job opportunities.
C. Little experience to refer to. D. High likelihood of making mistakes.
40. What does Zhang think is a benefit of being a blockchain developer
A. Feeling fulfilled after a project is completed.
B. Gaining constant access to new knowledge.
C. Having the opportunity to work independently.
D. Having the chance to work on well established projects.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了区块链的工作原理以及作为区块链从业者需要具备的条件、面临的挑战以及从事这个领域工作带来的好处。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““The blockchain can be seen as another form of the internet which is parallel to it,” said the 25-year-old.(这位25岁的年轻人说：“区块链可以被视为与之平行的另一种互联网形式。”)”可知，区块链是一种新的类似互联网的服务。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中“The money moves from A to B.(钱从A转移到B。)”可知，钱可以直接从A转移到B。D项：The money is moved indirectly from A to B.(钱间接地从A转移到B。)不符合区块链的原理。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段““A strong education background in computer science is required,” Zhang said.(张说：“需要有很强的计算机科学教育背景。”)”可知，成为区块链开发者需要有扎实的计算机科学知识。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Zhang pointed out the challenges a developer may face. “There are only about five thousand blockchain developers in China. So most of the time developers have to solve problems on their own,” Zhang said.(张指出了开发者可能面临的挑战。“中国只有大约5000名区块链开发者。所以大多数时候开发者必须自己解决问题。”)”可知，区块链开发者可能面临的挑战是没有经验可参考。故选C。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“On the bright side, “the sense of achievement is massive when a project is finished,” Zhang said.(好的一面是，“当一个项目完成时，成就感是巨大的，”张说。)”可知，张认为成为区块链开发者的好处是项目完成后的成就感。故选A。
B
This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field
The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing – the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board.
The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次) of meaning . Some layers are simple, clean, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate(本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学).
Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”
But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this; All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they cam teach better.
41. What do we know about this unusual class
A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board
B. The teacher were invited to attend several lectures.
C. The student were professors from a university
D. The students were studying science and humanities.
42. The experiment was designed to find out
A. how to teach the students in the science class
B. whether poetry is difficult for science students
C. what to be taught in the humanities class
D. why many humanities students find science hard.
43. Finding levels of meaning is .
A. important for graduate students in humanities
B. difficult for graduate students in humanities
C. common for undergraduate students in science
D. easy for undergraduate students in science.
44. What did the science professors learn after the experiment
A. They should change the way they teach
B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.
C. A poetry class could be more informative.
D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了康奈尔大学的理工科教授接受邀请参加一个不同寻常的实验。使得所有的教授都开始思考如何教学，如何才能教得更好。
41题详解】
细节理解:由第一段第二句“The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University.”（聚集在一起的学生都是康奈尔大学的理工科教授）可知，这个班级不同寻常是因为这些学生是一所大学的教授。故选C项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句“Why is science difficult for many nonscience students ”（ 为什么科学对许多非科学专业的学生来说很难）可知，这个实验旨在找出为什么许多人文学科的学生觉得科学很难。故选D项
【43题详解】
细节理解。由第三段最后一句可知”This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate（本科）science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities.（人文科学）”（这种对不同意义层次的探索在本科生的科学课上并不多见，但在以后的研究生院中很重要。它在人文学科中总是很重要的。）可知，找到意义的层次对人文学科的研究生来说很重要。故选A项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this; All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they cam teach better.”（但也许这次经历最重要的结果是这样的；所有的教授都开始思考如何教学，以及如何更好地教学。）可知，科学教授们在实验后学到了他们应该改变教学方式。故选A项。
C
In today’s day and age of one click purchases and immediately accessible information, instant gratification (满足) is seen as the norm. The always — on world, with smartphones and Wi-Fi, reinforces that you have to get what you want right away. But instant gratification isn’t always best in fact, impulse control is an essential life skill. When it comes to achieving your goals, delayed gratification is the skill that will get you there faster.
The truth is, it’s not realistic to get everything you want, much less get it immediately. Instant gratification is actually a source of frustration — it creates false expectations. By learning to employ delayed gratification, you buy time to strategize thoughtfully and learn from your failures.
Delayed gratification means resisting the temptation of an immediate reward, in anticipation that there will be a greater reward later. Those with high impulse control typically excel at delayed gratification.
According to Freud’s “pleasure principle”, humans are wired to seek pleasure and avoid pain. This is why children seek instant gratification. But as we mature, this desire is tempered by the “reality” principle, or the ability of humans to consider risks versus rewards, by which we’re able to delay fulfillment instead of making a poor decision — especially if the later reward is greater than the one we’d get immediately.
The ability to hold out now for a better reward later allows you to save money for a vacation, skip dessert to lose weight or take a job you don’t love but that will help your career later on.
In the 1960s, Stanford professor Walter Mischel tested hundreds of young children by placing each child in a private room, accompanied only by a single candy placed on the table. Researchers then offered each child a deal: If the child refrained from eating the candy while researchers briefly left the room, the child would be rewarded with a second one; otherwise there would be no second one. Some children ate the first candy immediately. Others tried to restrain themselves but eventually gave in. Only a few children managed to hold out for the two-candy reward.
Researchers followed the experiment participants into adulthood over a span of 40 years. Unlike the children giving in to temptation, the children who delayed their reward were far more successful in almost all areas of life. They scored higher on standardized tests, were healthier, responded better to stress, had fewer substance abuse issues and demonstrated better social skills. This delayed gratification example proved that it is crucial to success in almost every facet of life.
45. The author believes that _________.
A. instant gratification is always best
B. impulse control is an essential life skill
C. achieving goals requires no delay
D. the always-on world is a source of frustration
46. The word “tempered” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A enhanced B. developed C. eased D. affected
47. Which of the following best represents the delayed gratification described in the passage
A. Buying a new car immediately after saving enough money.
B. Waiting to buy a better new TV until the summer sale starts.
C. Deciding to eat dessert to celebrate weight loss.
D. Eating all the cookies in the jar instead of saving some for later.
48. Why did researchers test children with a single candy in the 1960s
A. To test their impulse control ability.
B To teach them the concept of delayed gratification.
C. To understand how the children dealt with stress.
D. To test whether the children could keep their promise.
49. The author uses the delayed gratification example to show that _________.
A. it is important to consider risks and rewards
B. it is crucial to success in almost every aspect of life
C. the pleasure principle has less influence on adults than on children
D. strategic thinking is more effective than impulse control
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了延迟满足是一种能让你更快实现目标的技能。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But instant gratification isn’t always best in fact, impulse control is an essential life skill.(但即时满足并不总是最好的，事实上，控制冲动是一项必不可少的生活技能)”可知，作者认为控制冲动是一项基本的生活技能。故选B。
【46题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“by which we’re able to delay fulfillment instead of making a poor decision — especially if the later reward is greater than the one we’d get immediately.(通过这种原则，我们能够推迟实现，而不是做出一个糟糕的决定——尤其是当后来的回报大于我们立即得到的回报时)”可知，随着我们的成熟，这种欲望会被“现实”原则或人类考虑风险与回报的能力所缓和。由此可知，tempered意为“使缓和”，与C项：eased意思接近。故选C。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But as we mature, this desire is tempered by the “reality” principle, or the ability of humans to consider risks versus rewards, by which we’re able to delay fulfillment instead of making a poor decision -especially if the later reward is greater than the one we’d get immediately.(但随着我们的成熟，这种欲望会被“现实”原则或人类考虑风险与回报的能力所缓和，通过这种原则，我们能够推迟实现，而不是做出一个糟糕的决定——尤其是当后来的回报大于我们立即得到的回报时)”可推知，“等到夏季大减价时再买一台更好的新电视”最能代表文章中描述的延迟满足。故选B。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Researchers then offered each child a deal: If the child refrained from eating the candy while researchers briefly left the room, the child would be rewarded with a second one; otherwise there would be no second one. Some children ate the first candy immediately. Others tried to restrain themselves but eventually gave in. Only a few children managed to hold out for the two-candy reward.(然后，研究人员向每个孩子提出一项协议:如果孩子在研究人员短暂离开房间时忍住不吃糖果，他将得到第二颗糖果作为奖励；否则就不会有第二次了。有些孩子马上吃了第一个糖果。其他人试图克制自己，但最终还是屈服了。只有几个孩子坚持要求得到两颗糖的奖励)”可推知，研究人员在20世纪60年代用一颗糖对儿童进行测试是为了测试他们的冲动控制能力。故选A。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This delayed gratification example proved that it is crucial to success in almost every facet of life.(这个延迟满足的例子证明了它在生活的几乎每个方面都是成功的关键)”可知，作者用延迟满足的例子来说明它几乎在生活的各个方面都是成功的关键。故选B。
D
We were five minutes into a severe winter storm — approaching Boston’s Logan International Airport when I turned to the woman next to me and said, “Hey, would you mind chatting with me for a few minutes ” My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.
“Sure. My name is Sue,” the woman replied, smiling warmly. “What brings you to Boston ” I started to explain that I was on a business trip. Then the plane trembled violently, and I blurted out, “I might need to hold your hand too.” Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.
Sometimes a stranger can significantly improve our day. A pleasant meeting with someone we don’t know, even an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads — a proven mood lifter — and help broaden our vision. Sandstrom, a psychologist and senior lecturer at the University of Essex, has found that people’s moods improve after they have a conversation with a stranger. And yet most of us resist talking to people we don’t know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. We’re typically wrong.
In a study in which Sandstrom asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said they’d learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communicated with one of the strangers again.
You don’t even have to talk to complete strangers to obtain the benefit. Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer than those who do not. One person took up the cell phone after chatting with a woman on the subway who was carrying one. Another recalled how the smile of a fruit salesman from whom he regularly bought bananas made him feel less lonely after he’d first arrived in a new city.
When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. “Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident. I asked her what she did for a living. “I’m a retired physical education teacher, and I coached women’s volleyball,” she said. Immediately, I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.
When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big hug and my card. A few days later, I received an e-mail with the subject line “Broken hand on Jet Blue.” “I have to admit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,” Sue wrote. “I just squeezed your hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary situation.” She added that when she’d told her friends about our conversation, they teased her because they know she loves to talk. I told my friends about Sue too. I explained how kind she was to me, and what I learned: It’s OK to ask for help from a stranger if you need it. Now if I mention to my friends that I am stressed or worried, they respond, “Just think of Sue!”
50. The writer struck up a conversation with her seatmate because ________.
A. they were heading for the same city on business
B. she was in urgent need of emotional comfort
C. the plane’s abrupt movement was unbearable
D. the woman was friendlier than other passengers
51. What benefit does a pleasant exchange with strangers bring us
A. It lights up our otherwise unsuccessful life.
B. It saves us the trouble of talking too much.
C. It lifts our spirits up and expands our mental horizons.
D. It guarantees us a lasting feeling of happiness.
52. Why does the writer mention the study conducted by Sandstrom
A. To present the benefits of interacting with acquaintances.
B. To show it lifts mood to make and meet with new friends.
C. To introduce some ways to associate with unknown people.
D. To relieve the anxiety about communicating with strangers.
53. What does the underlined sentence imply
A. The writer was impressed with Sue’s ability to inspire others.
B. The writer herself could have been a volleyball placer.
C. Sue possessed obvious characters of a qualified PE teacher.
D. Sue became the coach of the writer as a consequence.
54. How did the writer probably feel while reading Sue’s e-mail
A. Regretful. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
55. What might be a suitable title for the passage
A. The flying experience with strangers
B. The interesting small talk with strangers
C. The surprising boost you get from strangers
D. The expected friendship you established through chatting
【答案】50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过冬季风暴来临时自己在飞机上和陌生人交流的一次经历告诉读者，和陌生人交流有好处。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We were five minutes into a severe winter storm — approaching Boston’s Logan International Airport when I turned to the woman next to me and said, ‘Hey, would you mind chatting with me for a few minutes ’ My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.(我们进入一场严重的冬季风暴五分钟后，即将抵达波士顿洛根国际机场，这时我转向旁边的女人说：‘嘿，你介意和我聊几分钟吗？’我的同座似乎很友好，我突然感到渴望与人建立联系。)”和第二段中的“Then the plane trembled violently, and I blurted out, ‘I might need to hold your hand too.’ Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.(然后飞机剧烈颤抖，我脱口而出：‘我可能也需要握住你的手。’Sue把我的手握在她的两只手里，拍了拍，紧紧抓住。)”可知，作者在飞机上经历了一场严重的冬季风暴，情况比较可怕，她很害怕，渴望与人联系。由此可推测出，作者急需情感慰藉。故选B。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A pleasant meeting with someone we don’t know, even an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads — a proven mood lifter — and help broaden our vision.(与一个我们不认识的人愉快地见面，即使是一次无声的交流，也能在没有其他人的情况下让我们平静下来。它可能会让我们摆脱自己的头脑——一种公认的情绪提升剂——并有助于拓宽我们的视野。)”可知，与陌生人愉快地交流可以让我们平静下来、改善我们的情绪、拓宽我们的视野。故选C。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And yet most of us resist talking to people we don’t know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. We’re typically wrong.(然而，我们大多数人都拒绝与我们不认识或几乎不认识的人交谈。我们担心如何开始、维持或停止它。我们认为我们会继续谈论并披露太多，或者说说得不够。我们担心会让对方厌烦。我们通常是错的。)”可知，我们大多数人拒绝与不认识或几乎不认识的人交谈，因为有许多顾虑，并且作者指出我们的这些顾虑是错的。接下来第四段“In a study in which Sandstrom asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said they’d learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communicated with one of the strangers again.(在一项研究中，Sandstrom要求参与者在五天内每天至少与一个陌生人交谈，99%的人表示他们发现至少有一次交流令人惊喜，82%的人表示从其中一个陌生人那里学到了一些东西，43%的人交换了联系方式，40%的人再次与其中一个陌生人交流。)”讲述了Sandstrom在一项研究中要求参与者与陌生人交流，参与者反馈说这种做法产生了积极的效果。由此可推测出，作者提到Sandstrom进行的研究是为了缓解我们对于和陌生人交流的焦虑。故选D。
【53题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第六段中的“‘Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,’ she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident.（‘嘿，这有点颠簸，但我们很快就会安全着陆，’她告诉我。她看上去是那么鼓舞人心，那么自信。）”可知，Sue很懂得鼓舞人心，看上去非常自信。再结合本段中的“‘I’m a retired physical education teacher, and I coached women’s volleyball,’ she said. Immediately, I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.(她说：‘我是一名退休的体育老师，曾教女子排球。’我马上就明白她一定是一位多么了不起的教练。)”可知，Sue说自己是一名教女子排球的退休体育老师，而作者认为她一定是一个很优秀的教练，作者这么说是因为Sue对作者说的话就像教练一样能够鼓舞她，给她信心，作者对Sue鼓舞他人的能力印象深刻。故选A。
【54题详解】
观点态度题。根据第一段中的“My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.(我的同座似乎很友好，我突然感到渴望与人建立联系。)”和第二段中的“Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.(Sue把我的手握在她的两只手里，拍了拍，紧紧抓住。)”可知，在飞机上Sue很友好，充当了一个安抚者的角色，帮助作者度过困难时刻，所以作者没想到她当时也非常害怕，再根据最后一段中的“‘I have to admit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,’ Sue wrote. ‘I just squeezed your hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary situation.’(‘我不得不承认，我和你一样害怕，但没有说出来。’Sue写道。‘我只是尽力捏了捏你的手。谢谢你帮我度过了这个非常可怕的时刻。’)”可知，Sue在邮件中承认自己当时也非常害怕，并且她很感激作者帮助她度过了这个可怕时刻。由此可推测出，作者读Sue的邮件时可能会觉得很意外。故选B。
【55题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了飞机上作者与陌生人Sue在遭遇冬季风暴时展开对话；第三、四、五段讲述了和陌生人聊天的好处；第六段讲述了Sue对作者的鼓舞；最后一段讲述了二人告别后Sue发来了感谢邮件以及作者的感悟。全文围绕作者在飞机上与陌生人Sue交流展开，结合第六段中的“When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. ‘Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,’ she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident.(在那架可怕的飞往波士顿的航班上，当Sue拉着我的手时，我几乎如释重负地哭了。‘嘿，这有点颠簸，但我们很快就会安全到达地面，’她告诉我。她看起来很鼓舞人心，很自信。)”可知，作者从Sue那里获得了慰藉和鼓舞。由此可推测出，C项“你从陌生人身上获得的令人惊讶的鼓舞”最适合作本文标题。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was young, my mum had a hard time. Five years earlier, my Dad drowned. The burden to raise us kids only fell on my mum’s shoulders. Because Dad had no pension, there was not much money. Thus, we went on relief (救济), now called social assistance.
Looking back, I realize what Mum went through, sending us kids to school. Every morning she would put a new piece of cardboard in our shoes, because our soles were worn out. Constant moving was typical for my family in these times. I still remember that once the rent for a house was twenty-five dollars a month. But Mum couldn’t pay it, and we knew we would be evicted right after Christmas on the first of January.
Unexpectedly, when Christmas was approaching, we received a twenty-five dollar Christmas fund for social services. Mum said that instead of buying food, she would use the money to pay rent, assuring us all of a roof over our heads for a little while longer. She told us then there would be nothing for Christmas.
I had a secret that was unknown to Mum. I had been selling Christmas trees, and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of comfortable boots for myself.
Well, the big day came on the afternoon of the Christmas Eve. I was very excited. But on the way to the boots store, I noticed a house with Christmas lights and decorations. It was then that I realized at our house, we had no lights, no decorations, nor turkey or ham for Christmas. I felt very sad.
I was eleven years old, and I was feeling a strange sense of guilt. Here I was going to buy a new pair of boots while Mum was home in tears. She would be trying to explain to us why there were no presents. So finally, I bought a turkey, ham, oranges and all the Christmas treats with my hard-earned money.
Later, with great excitement in my eyes, I knocked on the door. When my mum opened the door, some of the groceries fell onto the floor, and she just stood there surprised. Holding back the tears, I said, “Merry Christmas Mother!”
I did a lot of explaining as we unpacked all the food. That day I got enough hugs and kisses from Mum. She said I had grown up.
56. Why did the author’s mother have a hard time (no more than 12 words)
57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean (no more than 10 words)
58. What was the author’s secret (no more than 10 words)
59. What made the author’s mother surprised (no more than 10 words)
60. Do you agree with the mother’s words that the author had grown up And why (no more than 25 words)
【答案】56. Because she had to support the poor family on her own.
57. We would be forced/driven to leave.
58. That he did part-time jobs to buy himself new boots.
59. That the author brought home groceries for Christmas.
60. (Open.)Yes. Because he was able to care for his mother and the whole family instead of just himself.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候因父亲去世家庭经济困难，要接受社会援助。圣诞节前夕，妈妈得到了一笔25美元的圣诞社会服务基金，却只能用付房租，而不能买圣诞礼物。作者通过卖圣诞树、打零工挣了钱，本想买一双舒适的靴子，但最后买了圣诞所需的东西，得到了妈妈的赞扬。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的Five years earlier, my Dad drowned. The burden to raise us kids only fell on my mum’s shoulders. Because Dad had no pension, there was not much money.(五年前，我爸爸淹死了。抚养我们孩子的重担只落在我妈妈肩上。因为爸爸没有养老金，所以没有多少钱)可知，妈妈过的艰难是因为她要独自养家。故答案为Because she had to support the poor family on her own.
【57题详解】
句意猜测题。由第二段中的I still remember that once the rent for a house was twenty-five dollars a month. But Mum couldn’t pay it, and we knew we would be evicted right after Christmas on the first of January.(我还记得有一次房子的租金是每月二十五美元，但妈妈付不起，我们知道我们会在1月1日圣诞节后被驱逐)可知，付不起房租会被赶走，所以we would be evicted意为“我们将会被赶走”。故答案为We would be forced/driven to leave.
【58题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的I had a secret that was unknown to Mum. I had been selling Christmas trees, and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of comfortable boots for myself.(我有一个妈妈不知道的秘密。我一直在卖圣诞树，打零工挣足够的钱给自己买一双新的舒适的靴子)可知，作者的秘密是打零工赚钱给自己买新靴子。故答案为That he did part-time jobs to buy himself new boots.
【59题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的So finally, I bought a turkey, ham, oranges and all the Christmas treats with my hard-earned money.(最后，我用辛苦挣来的钱买了一只火鸡、火腿、桔子和所有的圣诞礼物)和倒数第二段中的When my mum opened the door, some of the groceries fell onto the floor, and she just stood there surprised.(当我妈妈打开门时，一些杂货掉到了地板上，她只是惊讶地站在那里)可知，是作者在圣诞节带回家的杂货让妈妈惊讶。故答案为That the author brought home groceries for Christmas.
【60题详解】
开放性题目。考生可在文章的基础上结合自己对文章的体会答题，言之有理即可。故答案为(Open.)Yes. Because he was able to care for his mother and the whole family instead of just himself.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假如你是天津国际中学的学生李华，协助国际学生服务中心工作。为增进国际学生知华、友华情怀，学校现在寒假期间面向本校外国学生开展“My China Surprise”短视频征集活动，从自身视角讲述在中国学习和生活的经历与感悟。作品上传学校网站 www.tjinternationalmiddleschool.org。请你在广播中发出英文通知。要点如下：
1. 活动介绍；2. 视频要求(如格式，时长，截止日期等)；3. 鼓励参加。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
As part of our efforts to deepen your understanding and appreciation of China, the International Student Service Center is excited to announce the “My China Surprise” short video contest. This contest is aimed at sharing your unique experiences and insights about life in China.
To participate, create a short video (1-3 minutes) in MOV file format, reflecting your journey in China. The deadline for submissions is January 15th, 2023. Upload your videos to our website: www.tjinternationalmiddleschool.org.
This is a fantastic opportunity to share your stories and showcase the beauty of China to the world. We encourage you to seize this chance and make the most of it. Let’s work together to spread the magic of China!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在广播中发出一则英文通知，介绍即将开展的“My China Surprise”短视频征集活动以及视频要求（如格式，时长，截止日期等），并鼓励参加。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
努力：effort→attempt
旨在：be aimed at→be intended/designed for
极好的：fantastic→excellent
鼓励：encourage→inspire
充分利用：make the most of→make full use of/make the best of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To participate, create a short video (1-3 minutes) in MOV file format, reflecting your journey in China.
拓展句：To participate, create a short video (1-3 minutes) in MOV file format, which reflects your journey in China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As part of our efforts to deepen your understanding and appreciation of China, the International Student Service Center is excited to announce the “My China Surprise” short video contest.(使用了不定式作后置定语和原因状语)
【高分句型2】To participate, create a short video (1-3 minutes) in MOV file format, reflecting your journey in China. (使用了现在分词作状语)
