专题14 语篇翻译
（2022·湖南永州·九年级期末）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。
New rules and behavior standards for middle school students came out in September. Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. Have you ever cheated (舞弊) in an exam Don’t do it again. That’s not something an honest student should do. 1如果你考试舞弊, even you get high marks, it shows that you are a dishonest student. It means that you have failed in the test.
Do more at school. 2 Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate (庆祝) it You should join it! In that way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.
Be open to new ideas. 3你曾想过人们能在月球上生活吗？ Maybe you’ll find another earth in space in the future. Everyone’s new ideas are important. We encourage students to love science and have some invention after school.
Protect yourself. Has a thief ever taken money away from one of your classmates Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know. Obey the traffic rules and pay attention to traffic safety.
Use the internet carefully. 4 因特网对你的学习很有帮助。 But some things on the internet are not good for teenagers. So try to look through the good web pages. You can use the web pages for fun or homework only. Don’t play computer games all the time. It kills time and you learn nothing.
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4．_______________________________________________________
【答案】
If you cheat in the exam
好学生热爱动物
Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon
4．The internet is very helpful for your study./The internet is very useful for your learning.
【分析】新的中学生规则和行为标准于9月份出台。中学将采用一种新的方式来决定谁是优等生。本文列出了一些新规则。
1．如果：if；你：you；考试：in the exam；舞弊：cheat。分析句子可知，此句为条件状语从句，时态使用一般现在时。故填：If you cheat in the exam。
2．Good students“好学生”；love“爱，热爱”；animals“动物”。故填：好学生热爱动物。
3．你：you；曾：ever；想过：have thought；人们：people；能：could；在月球上：on the moon；生活：live。分析句子可知，此句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，助动词have应该提前；故填：Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon
4．因特网：internet；对……很有帮助：be very helpful for sth/be very useful for sth；你的学习：your study/your learning。主语internet为第三人称单数，因此be动词用is。故填：The internet is very helpful for your study./The internet is very useful for your learning.
（2021·辽宁·建昌县教师进修学校九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
Students often have some difficulties in learning some subjects. Some think they will never learn English well and others think physics is the most difficult thing in the world. In fact, 1. not everyone is born with the ability to learn something well. Someone is good at chemistry and someone does well in history. You must know that people are different. So you don’t have to be worried if you can’t learn some subjects well. Please accept the fact and find ways to solve the problem.
Here are some good ideas to help you.
First, connect what you learn with your interests. Some knowledge is difficult and boring. But 2.if it is connected with something interesting, you will find it not boring anymore. For example, if you want to learn Chinese well, you can read good novels.
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6．______________________
【答案】
5.不是每个人就天生具有学好一些东西的能力。
6．如果能把（它）所学的知识与你的兴趣联系起来，你将会发现它不再无聊了。
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何去学习你不擅长的科目。
5．not everyone：不是每个人；is born with：天生；the ability to learn something well：具有学好一些东西的能力；故填：不是每个人就天生具有学好一些东西的能力。
6．if：如果；it：指代上文中的“知识”；is connected with：与……联系起来；something interesting：有趣的东西；find it boring：发现无聊；not...any more：不再；故填：如果能把（它）所学的知识与你的兴趣联系起来，你将会发现它不再无聊了。
（2022·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop(培养) their ability to be creative.
1. 许多孩子们被期望一直学习。 However, research shows that it may get in the way of the development of their imagination, while boredom(无聊) can give them chances to develop creativity.
2. Though boredom is often connected with loneliness, it helps to develop the ability to be creative. “I thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.
Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. 3. 这使他成为一个有创造力的人。
Usually, when children feel lonely(孤独), they would turn on the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, 4. but they need spare time to think about what they have experienced.
It is this kind of thinking that inspires the imagination. And 5. new ideas do not come from endless reviewing for tests or getting worried about them. “For developing the ability to be creative,” the expert advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and get close to nature from time to time.”
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【答案】
Many children are expected to study all the time.
尽管无聊常常与孤独联系在一起，但它有助于培养创造力。
This made him a creative person.
但他们需要空闲时间来思考自己的经历。
11．新想法并不是来自无休止/没完没了的考试复习或担心考试。
【导语】本文主要讲述了无聊给孩子提供了自由思考的空间，孩子需要发展创造力。
7．“许多”many；“孩子们”children；“期望做某事”expect to do；“学习”study；“一直”all the time。本句是被动语态，被动语态构成：be done。故填：Many children are expected to study all the time.
8．本句是though引导的让步状语从句，boredom“无聊”；is connected with“与……联系在一起”；loneliness“孤独”；develop the ability“发展……能力”； be creative“有创造力的”。故填：尽管无聊常常与孤独联系在一起，但它有助于培养创造力。
9．此句需用句式：make sb.+名词“使某人成为……”，“他”him，动词后加人称代词宾格形式；“有创造力的”creative；“人”person。故填：This made him a creative person.
10．此句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句。but“但是”，转折连词；they“他们”；need“需要”；spare time“空闲时间”；think about“思考”；what they have experienced“他们所经历的事情”。故填：但他们需要空闲时间来思考自己的经历。
11．new ideas“新想法”；come from“来自”；endless“无休止的；没完没了的”；reviewing for tests“考试复习”；getting worried abou“担忧……”。故填：新想法并不是来自无休止/没完没了的考试复习或担心考试。
（2022·湖南邵阳·九年级期末）
翻译 阅读下面短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
1.Stephen Hawking（斯蒂芬·霍金）was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in north London, but during the second world war Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.
When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London.2.斯蒂芬十一岁时上圣奥尔本斯学校,and then onto University College, Oxford, his father’s old college. Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982, and was made a Companion of Honor in 1989. He is the recipient of many awards, medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.
3.斯蒂芬·霍金是本世纪最著名的科学家之一. He is unable to feed himself or get in and out of bed alone.4.But he has refused to give in to the condition. Now he is regarded as one of the world’s leading authorities on cosmology.5.Last year he was invited to China. He impressed us with his self-confident, humorous and witty conversations.
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【答案】
12.斯蒂芬·霍金于1942年1月8日出生于英国牛津。
13.Stephen went to St. Albans school when he was eleven.
14.Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists of this century.
15．但是他拒绝向这种情况屈服。
16．去年他被邀请来到中国。
【导语】本文介绍了斯蒂芬·霍金的生平，包括家庭、学习以及研究等。
12．Stephen Hawking翻译为“斯蒂芬·霍金”；was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England翻译为“于1942年1月8日出生于英国牛津”。故填“斯蒂芬·霍金于1942年1月8日出生于英国牛津。”
13．本句可用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式；斯蒂芬：Stephen；上圣奥尔本斯学校：went to St. Albans school；十一岁时：when he was eleven，主语是第三人称单数，故用was。故填Stephen went to St. Albans school when he was eleven.
14．本句是“one of the+最高级+名词复数”句式，时态是一般现在时；最著名的科学家之一：one of the most famous scientists；本世纪：of this century。故填Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists of this century.
15．But翻译为“但是”；refuse to do sth.翻译为“拒绝做某事”；give in to翻译为“向……屈服”；the condition翻译为“这种情况”。故填“但是他拒绝向这种情况屈服。”
16．本句为一般过去时的被动语态；Last year翻译为“去年”；he was invited to China翻译为“他被邀请来到中国”。故填“去年他被邀请来到中国。”
（2022·湖南·岳阳市岳阳楼区教育科学研究室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
“The Chinese Dream” is a hot topic in the last few years. Many Chinese young people are inspired (激励) by the Chinese Dream. Everyone has their own dreams. They give us courage and confidence to keep us going through difficulties. Here is some advice on how to realize our beautiful dream. 1. 决不放弃是使我们梦想成真的关键. 2. We may fail from time to time, but we can learn from failure, correct our mistakes and try again until we achieve our goals. Our life is like a long journey which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. 3. We believe rainbows (彩虹) will appear after storms.
Cooperation (合作) is also necessary. Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating with others. Besides, in our society 4.大多数问题不可能独自解决. Cooperation is becoming one of the most important ways for people living in the developing society.
At the same time, we should learn to examine our abilities because it helps us know our advantages and disadvantages as well as get a full control of ourselves. Then we may be confident enough to face challenges.
5. Follow the suggestions above, and our dream are sure to come true.
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【答案】17．Never giving up is the key to make our dream come true. 18．我们可能时常失败，但我们可以从失败中学习。 19．我们相信暴雨过后彩虹会出现。 20．Most problems can’t be solved alone/by oneself. 21．遵守以上建议，这样我们的梦想一定实现。
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何实现梦想的三条建议：永不放弃、学会合作、审视自己的能力。
17．“永不放弃”为never give up；“……的关键”为the key to；“使我们的梦想成真”为make our dream come true。结合语境可知，此句应用一般现在时，主语应用动名词形式，且为第三人称单数形式，故be用is。故填Never giving up is the key to make our dream come true.
18．we “我们”；may fail“可能失败”；from time to time“时常”；but “但是；can “可以”；learn from failure“从失败中学习”。故填：我们可能时常失败，但我们可以从失败中学习。
19．we“我们”；believe“相信”；rainbows “彩虹”；will appear“将出现”；after storms“暴雨以后”。故填：我们相信暴雨过后彩虹会出现。
20．“大多数问题”为most problems；“不可能”为can’t，情态动词的否定形式；“解决”为solve；“独自”为alone/by oneself。结合句意可知，此句应用情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：can’t be done；solve的过去分词是solved。故填Most problems can’t be solved alone/by oneself.
21．follow“遵照”；the suggestions above“以上建议”；and“和”，连接并列句；our dream“我们的梦想”；are sure to come true“一定实现”。故填：遵守以上建议，这样我们的梦想一定实现。
（2022·湖南·怀化市鹤城区教育教学研究室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
1.If you look around your city, you might see more and more young people wearing the Tang costume (唐装) . Some people even wear T-shirts with Chinese characters on the streets.
2.唐装是中国历史和时尚文化的象征. It got the name because China became known to other countries during the Han and Tang dynasties. 3. From then on, people called Chinese clothes Tang costumes. Chinese fashion is not only different from western fashion, but also from that in other Asian countries such as Japan and Korea.4.The beautiful decorations (装饰) on Tang style clothes are popular with people all over the world now. It express both the wearer’s personal style and China’s rich traditional culture.5.所以我们应该对自己的时尚感到自豪。
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【答案】22．如果你到城市各处看看，你会看到越来越多的年轻人穿着唐装。
The Tang costume is the symbol of Chinese history and fashion culture.
从那时起，人们把中国的服装叫唐装。
唐装上美丽的装饰现在受到了世界各地人们的欢迎。
26．So we should be proud of our own fashion.
【导语】本文介绍了唐装现在在全世界各地越来越流行的现象。还介绍了唐装名字的由来等，要我们对自己的文化和服饰感到自信。
22．分析句子可知，本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，翻译为“如果”；look around“到处看看”；more and more young people“越来越多的年轻人”；wearing the Tang costume“穿着唐装”。故填：如果你到城市各处看看，你会看到越来越多的年轻人穿着唐装。
23．唐装：The Tang costume；是……的象征：the symbol of；中国历史：Chinese history；时尚文化：fashion culture。结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，表客观事实。故填The Tang costume is the symbol of Chinese history and fashion culture.
24．分析句子可知，From then on“从那时起”； called“称……”；Chinese clothes“中国服装”。故填：从那时起，人们把中国的服装叫唐装。
25．分析句子可知，The beautiful decorations“美丽的装饰”；on Tang style clothes“唐装上”；be popular with“受到……欢迎”：all over the world“全世界”。故填：唐装上美丽的装饰现在受到了世界各地人们的欢迎。
26．所以：so；应该：should；对……感到自豪：be proud of；自己的时尚：our own fashion。故填So we should be proud of our own fashion.
（2022·湖南·新田县教研室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
Chopsticks have been around for over 3000 years. 1.在中国，人们每天使用筷子吃饭。It’s said that our ancestors liked to have boiled food, but it was difficult to spoon out vegetables and meat from the soup, so they invented chopsticks. Chopsticks may be made of different materials, such as bamboo, wood, silver and so on.
Chopsticks have many other functions as well. 2.In the past, people used silver chopsticks to see whether the food was safe or not. Nowadays, some skillful masters paint beautiful pictures on them to make them look like fine artworks(艺术品). Some people are even interested in collecting chopsticks.
3.There are many things that we need to pay attention to when we use chopsticks. It’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. You aren’t supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. What’s more, you shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks.
4.用筷子吃饭既方便又安全。Now more and more people around the world use chopsticks.
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【答案】27．In China, people use chopsticks to eat every day./people eat with chopsticks every day.
在过去，人们使用银筷子去检测食物是否安全。
在使用筷子时，有许多我们需要注意的事情。
30．Eating with chopsticks is (both) convenient and safe.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了筷子的历史、功能、禁忌以及好处。
27．“在中国”In China；“人们”people，在句中作主语；“每天”every day；“使用筷子吃饭”use chopsticks to eat/eat with chopsticks。本句的时态是一般现在时，主语是“people”，动词需用原形。故填In China, people use chopsticks to eat every day./people eat with chopsticks every day.
28．“In the past”在过去；“people”人们；“used silver chopsticks to see”使用银筷子去检测；“whether the food was safe or not”食物是否安全。故填：在过去，人们使用银筷子去检测食物是否安全。
29．“There are”有；“many things”许多事情；“that we need to pay attention to”我们需要去注意，是定语从句，修饰先行词“ things”；“when we use chopsticks”当使用筷子时。故填：在使用筷子时，有许多我们需要注意的事情。
30．“用筷子吃饭”Eating with chopsticks，是动名词作主语，谓语动词需用单数；“既……又……”both…and…；“方便”convenient，是形容词； “安全”safe，是形容词。故填Eating with chopsticks is (both) convenient and safe.
（2022·湖南岳阳·九年级期末）
语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
In Miluo, the junior high school graduates have to take a P.E. test in many schools. The full marks are usually 100 points and it counts for much in the senior high school entrance exam. 1 因为对青少年而言，保持健康是非常重要的。
In Miluo the test is often held in May. Students have the test in their own school. Each student is tested on three sports. They can choose different items. They can choose long jump, run or skip. The pull-up is for boys and girls can choose sit-up. Both boys and girls must skip(跳绳) in the test, 2 所以，学生们需要花大量的时间练习跳绳。They have fun skipping.
3 Most students find the test easy and more than 90％ of them can get full marks. That’s because they have been training for it during the three whole years. Students in Junior Three usually do lots of practice in P.E. classes. 4The training makes the test easier than it seems to be. In P.E. classes, they usually run a lot. Sometimes they have to run 3,000 meters in one class. Some students are tired of running, 5 they don’t think running is the most necessary sport for teens. They should be allowed to choose their favorite sports, such as long jump or dancing. But most teachers and parents welcome the P.E. test. They say it helps students build up their health.
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【答案】31．Because it is very important for teenagers to keep healthy.
So students need to spend lots of time practising skipping.
大部分学生认为考试很容易并且超过90%的学生可以拿到满分。
训练使考试比它看起来更容易。
35．他们认为跑步对青少年来说不是最有必要的。
【分析】本文讲了在汨罗市，许多学校的初中毕业生都必须参加体育中考，在经过一年的训练后大部分学生都可以获得满分。很多学生都觉得自己应该被允许选择喜爱的运动但大多数老师认为体育中考对孩子的健康是有必要的。
31．保持健康：keep healthy；非常重要：very important。结合语境可知此句要用一般现在时且此处要用句型“it is+adj.+for+sb.+to do sth.”表示“对某人来说……是……的”。故填Because it is very important for teenagers to keep healthy.
32．大量的时间：lots of time；练习跳绳：practise skipping。结合语境可知此句要用一般现在时且用句型“sb. spend sometime doing sth.”表示“某人花了多长时间做某事”，又因为主语是students是复数，所以谓语动词用原形spend。故填So students need to spend lots of time practising skipping.
33．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句；Most students翻译为“大多数学生”；find the test easy翻译为“认为考试很容易”，前部分是主系表结构，形容词修饰名词；more than 90％ of them翻译为“超过90%的学生”；get full marks翻译为“得满分”。故填“大多数学生认为考试很容易并且超过百分之90的学生可以拿到满分。”
34．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句；The training翻译为“训练”；makes翻译为“使”；the test翻译为“考试”；easier翻译为“更容易”；than it seems to be翻译为“比它看起来”。故填“训练使考试比它看起来更容易。”
35．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句且是否定前置；they think翻译为“他们认为”；running翻译为“跑步”，动名词做主语；is the most necessary sport翻译为“是最必要的运动”；for teens翻译为“对青少年来说”。故填“他们认为跑步对青少年来说不是最有必要的。”
（2022·辽宁营口·九年级期末）
阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
For the last three nights, I haven’t slept too well. 1. I wake up an hour earlier than normal and then I’m unable to get back to sleep, I was a bit tired when I went into my bedroom to watch TV this evening. I picked up a book and tried to read, but could feel my eyelids getting heavier and heavier. Finally, I closed them and laid my book on the table. Suddenly I felt something rousing（唤醒）me. It was warm breath hitting me right in the face. I slowly opened my eyes and saw a long, sweet-looking face covered in white and gold fur. Its pink nose was breathing on me and its big, brown eyes were looking at me with love.
I smiled and said, “Hello Fluffy.” Suddenly my face was covered in dog kisses. I hugged his neck, and laughed as he continued to show me with his love. I thought to myself “2. If only we humans could love each other as purely（纯真地）as our dogs love us. and how wonderful that would be.”
3. Dogs are our best friends and greatest teachers of love. We should not forget their lessons. We should give our hearts freely and our love joyfully. We should live our lives on the side of love.
36．__________________________________________
37．__________________________________________
38．__________________________________________
【答案】36．我比平常早醒一个小时，然后就再也睡不着了。 37．要是我们人类之间的关爱可以像小狗爱我们那样纯粹，那该多好呀/如果我们人类之间的关爱可以像小狗爱我们那样纯粹，那该多好呀! 38．狗是我们最好的朋友，也是关于爱方面的最好的老师。
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者晚上睡不着所以看书，然后自己不知道什么时候睡着了。忽然被狗唤醒了。作者希望人类之间的关爱可以像小狗爱我们那样纯粹。狗是我们人类最好的朋友，也是关于爱方面的最好的老师。
36．分析句子可知，这是“and”连接的两个句子并列。第一个句子的主语是“I”，翻译为“我”，谓语动词“wake up”翻译为“醒过来”；比较级结构“an hour earlier than normal”表达“比平常早一个小时”。“then”表达“然后”，句子的主语是“I”，翻译为“我”，“be unable to ”表达否定“不能”，“I’m unable to get back to sleep”表达“再也睡不着了”。故填“我比平常早醒一个小时，然后就再也睡不着了。”
37．分析句子可知这是“if only”引导的条件状语从句，是虚拟假设的情况。“if only”翻译为“要是，如果”；主语“we humans”表达“我们人类”；谓语动词“could love each other”表达“互相关爱”。“ as purely as”翻译为“像……那样纯粹”，“ our dogs love us”表达“小狗爱我们”。并列连词“and”后面是“how”引导的感叹句，形容词是“wonderful”表达“很棒”，主语是“that ” 表达“那”，谓语“would be”表达“将会”。故填“要是我们人类之间的关爱可以像小狗爱我们那样纯粹，那该多好呀/如果我们人类之间的关爱可以像小狗爱我们那样纯粹，那该多好呀!”
38．Dogs are our best friends and greatest teachers of love分析句子可知这是陈述句。主语是“Dogs”，翻译为“狗”；“are”表达“是”；表语“our best friends”翻译为“我们最好的朋友”。连词“and”翻译为“也”。名词短语“greatest teachers of love”翻译为“关于爱方面的最好的老师”。故填“狗是我们最好的朋友，也是关于爱方面的最好的老师。”
（2020·辽宁抚顺·九年级期末）
Should people be allowed to use mobile phones while driving Different people have different ideas.
George from Colombia: No. People who use mobile phones while driving aren't careful enough. (1) They usually pay more attention to what they are talking about. They shouldn't talk on the phone while driving. They can't control the car well and may cause accidents.
Pan Rong from China: Yes, if they use them correctly. It's very dangerous when drivers are talking on a mobile phone while driving. They may not drive well if they use one hand to hold the phone and use the other hand to drive. (2) To be safe, drivers are supposed to use earphones(耳机) to talk while driving.
39．_________________________
40．_________________________
【答案】
开车时使用手机的人们通常更关注他们在谈论什么。
40．为了安全，司机应该在开车时使用耳机来交谈。
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了人们对开车打电话的不同看法。
39．分析句子可知，pay more attention to翻译为“更多地关注……”；they“他们”，在句中作主语；usually是副词，通常；此处是what引导的宾语从句，从句的主语是they“他们”；从句的时态是现在进行时，其结构是be doing的形式；短语talk about“谈论”。故填“开车时使用手机的人们通常更关注他们在谈论什么。”
40．分析句子可知，to be safe在句中作状语，翻译为“为了安全”；drivers在句中作主语，翻译为“司机们”；are supposed to…翻译为“应该做……”；use earphones翻译为“使用耳机”；to talk翻译为“为了交谈”表示目的； while driving翻译为“当开车的时候”。故填“为了安全，司机应该在开车时使用耳机来交谈。”
（2020·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校九年级期末）
If you are in Shanghai and want to throw away a cup of milk tea, be careful.1. From July.1st on, people in Shanghai have been required to sort garbage according to strict rules. Many other cities in China are planning to create similar garbage-sorting rules.
Why should we sort our garbage 2. The answer lies in the increasing waste we are producing. Chinese cities produce over 200 million tons of waste each year, according to China Economic Net. Most of this waste is buried in landfills (垃圾填埋场), which may pollute water and soil. Moreover, we are running out of space for new landfills.
3 事实上，超过一半的废弃物可以被回收利用。Recyclable garbage can be made into new materials, while wet garbage can be used to make gas, heat and fertilizer (肥料). But in order to recycle efficiently, we need to sort our garbage.
Can't garbage-processing companies do the sorting job for us They can.4. 但是这需要大量的工作并且花费大量金钱。5. Things will become much easier if each of us can sort our own garbage. Besides, the troublesome task of sorting might encourage people to produce less waste.
41．________________________________________________________
42．________________________________________________________
43．__________________________________________________________
44．__________________________________________________________
45．_________________________________________________________
【答案】41．从七月一日起，上海人已被要求根据严格规定分类垃圾。
答案就在我们所制造的不断增加的垃圾中。
In fact, more than/over half of our waste can be recycled.
But that requires/needs a lot of work and costs lots of money.
45．如果我们每个人能分类自己的垃圾，事情会变得容易很多/容易得多。
【分析】本文向我们介绍最近很多城市制定了垃圾分类的规定，并向我们介绍了垃圾分类规定的原因。
41．From July.1st on：从七月一日起；people in Shanghai：上海人；have been required to do sth：已被要求……；sort garbage：分类垃圾；according to：根据；strict rules严格规定。故填“从七月一日起，上海人已被要求根据严格规定分类垃圾。”
42．The answer：答案；lies in：在于；the increasing waste：不断增加的垃圾中；we are producing：我们正在制造的。结合中文语序表达习惯，故填“答案就在我们所制造的不断增加的垃圾中。”
43．事实上：in fact；超过：more than/over；一半的废弃物：half of our waste；可以被回收利用：can be recycled。故填In fact, more than/over half of our waste can be recycled.
44．但是：but；这：that；需要：require/need；大量的工作：a lot of work；并且：and；花费大量金钱：cost lots of money。本句时态是一般现在时，主语that是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填But that requires/needs a lot of work and costs lots of money.
45．Things：事情；will become much easier：会变得容易很多/容易得多；if如果；each of us：我们每个人；can sort our own garbage：能分类自己的垃圾。结合中文语序表达习惯，故填“如果我们每个人能分类自己的垃圾，事情会变得容易很多/容易得多。”
（2022·湖南长沙·九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
1.在一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我走进影院，试图找到让我开心的事情。My eyes fell on a poster in which a boy is holding a baseball bat. Seeing the nervous look on his face, I thought, “This is it! An inspiring sports movie.”
But that wasn’t quite what this movie was about. The movie Tough Out (《棒！少年》) tells the story about a group of kids who play baseball. However, they don’t win a single game in the whole 108-minute film. 2. Instead, the movie mainly tells about their failures and the pains of growing up.
These children are helped by Power Baseball Angels, a charity (慈善) program set up in 2015 by Sun Lingfeng, former captain (队长) of China’s national men’s baseball team. 3.Children from poor families across China are invited to a baseball camp in Beijing, where they are taught skills and teamwork in the hope that they can change their fate (命运).
One of the kids impressed (留下印象) me more than the others. His name is Ma Hu. Raised by his grandmother in a poor village, Ma often fights with others and almost never follows the rules at first. 4.But with the care of his coaches, Ma learns to care about others.
5.他的目标是将来成为中国国家队的一员。By feeling love from others and learning to love others himself, he might grow up to be a better person.
I didn’t see a win in the film, but it still inspired me. In it, I saw love and hope.
46．__________________________________________________________________
47．__________________________________________________________________
48．__________________________________________________________________
49．__________________________________________________________________
50．__________________________________________________________________
【答案】46．On a cold winter afternoon, I walked/went into the theater to find something to cheer me up/to make me happy/that makes me happy.
相反，这个电影主要讲述他们的失败和成长的痛苦。
来自全国贫困家庭的孩子都受邀去了北京棒球营。
但是有了他的教练的关心，马虎学着去关心别人。
50．His goal is to become a member of China’s national team in the future.
【导语】本文主要介绍了电影《棒！少年》的主要内容和作者受到的启发。
46．根据汉语可知句子为一般过去时，“在一个寒冷的冬天的下午”译为“On a cold winter afternoon”，作时间状语；“我”译为“I”，作主语；“走进电影院”译为“walked/went into the theater”，是谓语部分；“试图找到……事情”译为“to find something”，作目的状语；“让我开心”译为“to cheer me up/to make me happy/that makes me happy”，作“something”的定语。故填：On a cold winter afternoon, I walked/went into the theater to find something to cheer me up/to make me happy/that makes me happy.
47．“Instead”译为“相反”；主语“the movie”译为“这个电影”；“mainly”译为“主要”；谓语部分“tells about their failures and the pains of growing up”译为“讲述他们的失败和成长的痛苦”。故填：相反，这个电影主要讲述他们的失败和成长的痛苦。
48．主语“Children from poor families across China”译为“来自全国贫困家庭的孩子”；谓语“are invited to”译为“受邀去了”；地点“a baseball camp in Beijing”译为“北京棒球营”。故填：来自全国贫困家庭的孩子都受邀去了北京棒球营。
49．“But”译为“但是”；“with the care of his coaches”译为“有了他的教练的关心”；主语“Ma”指“马虎”；谓语“learns”译为“学着”；宾语“to care about others”译为“去关心别人”。故填：但是有了他的教练的关心，马虎学着去关心别人。
50．“他的目标”译为“His goal”，作主语；“是”用be动词“is”；“成为中国国家队的一员”译为“to become a member of China’s national team”，作表语；“将来”译为“in the future”。故填：His goal is to become a member of China’s national team in the future.
（2022·湖南·古丈县教育科学研究所九年级期末）
双向翻译 阅读下面的短文，将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。
Cali and Lausanne are exchange students in China. 1.卡利来自哥伦比亚, and Lausanne comes from Switzerland. They often discuss some different opinions about time each other. Cali says in Colombia they don’t usually have to make plans to meet their friends. 2.They often just drop by their friends’ homes if they have time. But Lausanne is different. He says 3.在瑞士，守时很重要。 4.We’re the capital of clocks and watches, after all. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. They never visit a friend’s home 5.without calling first. They always make plans to see friends.
51．________________________________________
52．________________________________________
53．________________________________________
54．________________________________________
55．________________________________________
【答案】51．Cali is / comes from Colombia. 52．如果他们有时间，他们会随便拜访朋友的家。
In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 5
毕竟，我们是钟表之都。
55．事先没有打电话。
【导语】本文主要是来自哥伦比亚的Cali和来自瑞士的Lausanne介绍了各自国家的时间观念。
51．be/come from“来自”，Colombia“哥伦比亚”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填Cali is/comes from Colombia.
52．they“他们”：often“经常”；drop by“拜访”；their friends’ homes“他们朋友的家”；if“如果”；they have time“他们有时间”，故填：如果他们有时间，他们会随便拜访朋友的家。
53．in Switzerland“在瑞士”；it’s+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事是……的”，动词不定式作主语；very important“很重要”；be on time“守时”，故填In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
54．after all“毕竟”；we“我们”；the capital of“……的首都”；clocks and watches“钟表”，故填：毕竟，我们是钟表之都。
55．first“首先”；without“没有”；call“打电话”，故填：事先没有打电话。
（2022·湖南师大附中博才实验中学九年级期末）
If you ask your parents or your grandparents what music is They might not have the same idea as you. Because music can be different things to different people. What may be considered to be music to one person may be just noise to another.
1.音乐在人们的生活中扮演着重要的作用。All over the world people play and listen to some kind of music. For some people, music may be the center of their whole life. 2.They may be musicians who make a living through music. For other people, music is a way to relax by enjoying the sounds and the feelings. 3.音乐让我们感到快乐，恐惧或者伤心。The rhythm and volume in music can give a message. When the rhythm（节奏）is slow, we might feel calm and gentle. When the rhythm is fast, we could feel excited, and our bodies might want to move. 4.No matter how it makes us feel, it is our own special experience. This is the magic of music.
Music can be traced back thousands of years ago, but no one knows for sure where it really began. 5.Some people think it began with singing. Others think it was drumming rhythm. In some cultures, rhythmic drumming and dancing were used to bring a hunt or help make crops grow. What we do know is that music is an ancient activity and it is connected with the whole family.
56．_________________________________________________________________________.
57．_________________________________________________________________________.
58．_________________________________________________________________________.
59．_________________________________________________________________________.
60．_________________________________________________________________________.
【答案】56．Music plays an important (/a great) role in people’s life. 57．他们可能是靠音乐谋生的音乐家。 58．Music makes us feel happy, scared or sad.
无论它给我们的感觉如何，它都是我们自己的特殊经历。
60．有些人认为它源于唱歌/从唱歌开始的。
【分析】本文主要讲述了音乐的重要性以及它的起源。
56．music“音乐”；play an important (/a great) role in”在……中扮演重要作用“；people’s life“人们的生活中”，陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填Music plays an important (/a great) role in people’s life.
57．they“他们”；may be“可能”；musicians who make a living through music“靠音乐谋生的音乐家”。故填：他们可能是靠音乐谋生的音乐家。
58．music“音乐”；make sb do sth“使某人做某事”；feel“感觉”，后接形容词作表语；happy“快乐”；scared“恐惧”；or“或者”；sad“伤心”，句子是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填Music makes us feel happy, scared or sad.
59．no matter“无论”；how it makes us feel“它给我们的感觉如何”；our own special experience“我们自己的特殊经历”。故填：无论它给我们的感觉如何，它都是我们自己的特殊经历。
60．some people“有些人”；think“认为”；begin with“源于/从……开始的”；sing“唱歌”。故填：有些人认为它源于唱歌/从唱歌开始的。
（2022·湖南·长沙市雅礼实验中学九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
How important is music 1.It’s often believed that listening to music is nice, but not very meaningful. It is often only thought to be entertainment（娱乐）, but not the first choice for education. This opinion is wrong.
Music tells us who we are. 2.Music reflects the musicians’ ideas and the social environment that they are in. For example, just as Mozart’s music represents（代表）a lifestyle, rock music also represents a lifestyle. George Gershwin’s music is another example. He introduced jazz style into his music.
3.音乐以一种不同的方式帮助人们了解世界。Science explains how the sun rises and sets. Music explores（探索）emotional（情绪的）meanings. People need every possible way to learn and experience more.
Music shows people’s thoughts. We can “talk” to each other in this amazing way. Through the language we express different feelings. 4.Our happiness, pain and hope can be sensed by others. When we do not let our children receive a good music education, we take them away from the meanings that music expresses. 5.毫无疑问，我们的孩子无法欣赏音乐之美是一种遗憾。So music education is much more necessary than people usually think.
61．___________________________________.
62．___________________________________.
63．___________________________________.
64．___________________________________.
65．___________________________________.
【答案】61．人们通常认为听音乐很好，但不是很有意义。 62．音乐反映了音乐家的思想和他们所处的社会环境。 63．Music helps people understand the world in a different way. 64．我们的快乐、痛苦和希望可以被别人感受到。 65．There is no doubt that it is a pity that our children cannot enjoy the beauty of music/Without doubt, our children can’t enjoy the beauty of music, which is a pity.
【分析】本文主要介绍了音乐的重要性。
61．It’s believed“据信”；often“通常”；listen to music“听音乐”；nice“很好”；but“但是”；very“非常”；meaningful“有意义的”，故填：人们通常认为听音乐很好，但不是很有意义。
62．music“音乐”；reflect“反映”；musicians’ ideas“音乐家的思想”；the social environment that they are in“他们所处的社会环境”，故填：音乐反映了音乐家的思想和他们所处的社会环境。
63．music“音乐”；help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”；people“人们”；understand the world“了解世界”；in a different way“以一种不同的方式”，句子是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填Music helps people understand the world in a different way.
64．our happiness“我们的快乐”；pain“痛苦”；hope“希望”；can be sensed“可以被感受到”：by others“被别人”，故填：我们的快乐、痛苦和希望可以被别人感受到。
65．there is no doubt that/without doubt“ 毫无疑问”；our children“我们的孩子”；cannot“无法”，后接动词原形；enjoy“欣赏”：the beauty of music“音乐之美”；it is a pity that后接从句，表示“一种遗憾”；或者用which引导的限制性定语从句，故填There is no doubt that it is a pity that our children cannot enjoy the beauty of music/Without doubt, our children can’t enjoy the beauty of music, which is a pity.
（2022·湖南·长沙市长郡双语实验中学九年级期末）
阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Chen Xue, a woman from Liaoning province, listens to her favorite singer’s songs over and over every morning. This helps lift his rankings(排名) on different social media sites.1.陈雪花了很多钱购买这位歌手的作品。
In China, fan quan, meaning “fan circles”, are highly organized groups of loyal(忠实的) fans.They use their time and money to make their “idols”, usually pop singers or actors, as popular and influential as possible.2.What Chen and her fan club members do mirrors the rise of “fan quan” culture.
Fan circle members are mostly members of Generation Z(those born between 1995 and 2009). In 2020, about 15 million underage internet users of China have supported stars in some way.
However, fan culture can quickly go into a wrong direction.3.Some fans blindly follow their stars who are not well-behaved. They attack(攻击) or even bully(欺侮) others online. They sometimes spread rumors(谣言) about other stars. 4.To buy valuable gifts for their stars, some of them even steal their parents’ money.
In June, the Cyberspace Administration of China(CAC) started a campaign(行动) called “Clear and Bright” to clean up online fan clubs. Later, CAC brought out 10 new guidelines. According to the guidelines,5.青少年不允许在粉丝俱乐部担任重要角色。They should not use money to support stars, either.
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【答案】66．Chen Xue spent lots of money buying this singer's works.
陈雪和她的粉丝俱乐部成员所做的事情反映了饭圈文化的兴起。
一些粉丝盲目地追随一些行为不端正的明星。
为了给明星们买贵重的礼物，他们中的一些人甚至偷父母的钱。
70．teenagers are not allowed to play important roles in fan clubs.
【分析】本文主要介绍了“饭圈”是什么，它是一种什么文化以及它如今出现的弊端。
66．spend+金钱+doing sth“花钱做某事”；lots of money“许多钱”；buy“购买”；this singer’s works“这位歌手的作品”，描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填Chen Xue spent lots of money buying this singer’s works.
67．her fan club members“她的粉丝俱乐部成员”；mirror“反映”；the rise of “fan quan” culture“饭圈文化的兴起”。故填：陈雪和她的粉丝俱乐部成员所做的事情反映了饭圈文化的兴起。
68．some fans“一些粉丝”；blindly“盲目地”；follow“追随”；their stars who are not well-behaved“一些行为不端正的明星”。故填：一些粉丝盲目地追随一些行为不端正的明星。
69．to buy valuable gifts for their stars“为了给明星们买贵重的礼物”；some of them“他们中的一些人”；even“甚至”；steal their parents’ money“偷父母的钱”。故填：为了给明星们买贵重的礼物，他们中的一些人甚至偷父母的钱。
70．青少年“teenagers”；be not allowed to do sth“不允许做某事”； play important roles in sth“在……中担任重要角色”；fan clubs“粉丝俱乐部”，故填teenagers are not allowed to play important roles in fan clubs.
1专题14 语篇翻译
（2022·湖南永州·九年级期末）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。
New rules and behavior standards for middle school students came out in September. Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. Have you ever cheated (舞弊) in an exam Don’t do it again. That’s not something an honest student should do. 1如果你考试舞弊, even you get high marks, it shows that you are a dishonest student. It means that you have failed in the test.
Do more at school. 2 Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate (庆祝) it You should join it! In that way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.
Be open to new ideas. 3你曾想过人们能在月球上生活吗？ Maybe you’ll find another earth in space in the future. Everyone’s new ideas are important. We encourage students to love science and have some invention after school.
Protect yourself. Has a thief ever taken money away from one of your classmates Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know. Obey the traffic rules and pay attention to traffic safety.
Use the internet carefully. 4 因特网对你的学习很有帮助。 But some things on the internet are not good for teenagers. So try to look through the good web pages. You can use the web pages for fun or homework only. Don’t play computer games all the time. It kills time and you learn nothing.
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（2021·辽宁·建昌县教师进修学校九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
Students often have some difficulties in learning some subjects. Some think they will never learn English well and others think physics is the most difficult thing in the world. In fact, 1. not everyone is born with the ability to learn something well. Someone is good at chemistry and someone does well in history. You must know that people are different. So you don’t have to be worried if you can’t learn some subjects well. Please accept the fact and find ways to solve the problem.
Here are some good ideas to help you.
First, connect what you learn with your interests. Some knowledge is difficult and boring. But 2.if it is connected with something interesting, you will find it not boring anymore. For example, if you want to learn Chinese well, you can read good novels.
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（2022·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop(培养) their ability to be creative.
1. 许多孩子们被期望一直学习。 However, research shows that it may get in the way of the development of their imagination, while boredom(无聊) can give them chances to develop creativity.
2. Though boredom is often connected with loneliness, it helps to develop the ability to be creative. “I thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.
Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. 3. 这使他成为一个有创造力的人。
Usually, when children feel lonely(孤独), they would turn on the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, 4. but they need spare time to think about what they have experienced.
It is this kind of thinking that inspires the imagination. And 5. new ideas do not come from endless reviewing for tests or getting worried about them. “For developing the ability to be creative,” the expert advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and get close to nature from time to time.”
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（2022·湖南邵阳·九年级期末）
翻译 阅读下面短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
1.Stephen Hawking（斯蒂芬·霍金）was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in north London, but during the second world war Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.
When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London.2.斯蒂芬十一岁时上圣奥尔本斯学校,and then onto University College, Oxford, his father’s old college. Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982, and was made a Companion of Honor in 1989. He is the recipient of many awards, medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.
3.斯蒂芬·霍金是本世纪最著名的科学家之一. He is unable to feed himself or get in and out of bed alone.4.But he has refused to give in to the condition. Now he is regarded as one of the world’s leading authorities on cosmology.5.Last year he was invited to China. He impressed us with his self-confident, humorous and witty conversations.
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（2022·湖南·岳阳市岳阳楼区教育科学研究室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
“The Chinese Dream” is a hot topic in the last few years. Many Chinese young people are inspired (激励) by the Chinese Dream. Everyone has their own dreams. They give us courage and confidence to keep us going through difficulties. Here is some advice on how to realize our beautiful dream. 1. 决不放弃是使我们梦想成真的关键. 2. We may fail from time to time, but we can learn from failure, correct our mistakes and try again until we achieve our goals. Our life is like a long journey which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. 3. We believe rainbows (彩虹) will appear after storms.
Cooperation (合作) is also necessary. Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating with others. Besides, in our society 4.大多数问题不可能独自解决. Cooperation is becoming one of the most important ways for people living in the developing society.
At the same time, we should learn to examine our abilities because it helps us know our advantages and disadvantages as well as get a full control of ourselves. Then we may be confident enough to face challenges.
5. Follow the suggestions above, and our dream are sure to come true.
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（2022·湖南·怀化市鹤城区教育教学研究室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
1.If you look around your city, you might see more and more young people wearing the Tang costume (唐装) . Some people even wear T-shirts with Chinese characters on the streets.
2.唐装是中国历史和时尚文化的象征. It got the name because China became known to other countries during the Han and Tang dynasties. 3. From then on, people called Chinese clothes Tang costumes. Chinese fashion is not only different from western fashion, but also from that in other Asian countries such as Japan and Korea.4.The beautiful decorations (装饰) on Tang style clothes are popular with people all over the world now. It express both the wearer’s personal style and China’s rich traditional culture.5.所以我们应该对自己的时尚感到自豪。
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（2022·湖南·新田县教研室九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
Chopsticks have been around for over 3000 years. 1.在中国，人们每天使用筷子吃饭。It’s said that our ancestors liked to have boiled food, but it was difficult to spoon out vegetables and meat from the soup, so they invented chopsticks. Chopsticks may be made of different materials, such as bamboo, wood, silver and so on.
Chopsticks have many other functions as well. 2.In the past, people used silver chopsticks to see whether the food was safe or not. Nowadays, some skillful masters paint beautiful pictures on them to make them look like fine artworks(艺术品). Some people are even interested in collecting chopsticks.
3.There are many things that we need to pay attention to when we use chopsticks. It’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. You aren’t supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. What’s more, you shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks.
4.用筷子吃饭既方便又安全。Now more and more people around the world use chopsticks.
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（2022·湖南岳阳·九年级期末）
语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
In Miluo, the junior high school graduates have to take a P.E. test in many schools. The full marks are usually 100 points and it counts for much in the senior high school entrance exam. 1 因为对青少年而言，保持健康是非常重要的。
In Miluo the test is often held in May. Students have the test in their own school. Each student is tested on three sports. They can choose different items. They can choose long jump, run or skip. The pull-up is for boys and girls can choose sit-up. Both boys and girls must skip(跳绳) in the test, 2 所以，学生们需要花大量的时间练习跳绳。They have fun skipping.
3 Most students find the test easy and more than 90％ of them can get full marks. That’s because they have been training for it during the three whole years. Students in Junior Three usually do lots of practice in P.E. classes. 4The training makes the test easier than it seems to be. In P.E. classes, they usually run a lot. Sometimes they have to run 3,000 meters in one class. Some students are tired of running, 5 they don’t think running is the most necessary sport for teens. They should be allowed to choose their favorite sports, such as long jump or dancing. But most teachers and parents welcome the P.E. test. They say it helps students build up their health.
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（2022·辽宁营口·九年级期末）
阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
For the last three nights, I haven’t slept too well. 1. I wake up an hour earlier than normal and then I’m unable to get back to sleep, I was a bit tired when I went into my bedroom to watch TV this evening. I picked up a book and tried to read, but could feel my eyelids getting heavier and heavier. Finally, I closed them and laid my book on the table. Suddenly I felt something rousing（唤醒）me. It was warm breath hitting me right in the face. I slowly opened my eyes and saw a long, sweet-looking face covered in white and gold fur. Its pink nose was breathing on me and its big, brown eyes were looking at me with love.
I smiled and said, “Hello Fluffy.” Suddenly my face was covered in dog kisses. I hugged his neck, and laughed as he continued to show me with his love. I thought to myself “2. If only we humans could love each other as purely（纯真地）as our dogs love us. and how wonderful that would be.”
3. Dogs are our best friends and greatest teachers of love. We should not forget their lessons. We should give our hearts freely and our love joyfully. We should live our lives on the side of love.
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（2020·辽宁抚顺·九年级期末）
Should people be allowed to use mobile phones while driving Different people have different ideas.
George from Colombia: No. People who use mobile phones while driving aren't careful enough. (1) They usually pay more attention to what they are talking about. They shouldn't talk on the phone while driving. They can't control the car well and may cause accidents.
Pan Rong from China: Yes, if they use them correctly. It's very dangerous when drivers are talking on a mobile phone while driving. They may not drive well if they use one hand to hold the phone and use the other hand to drive. (2) To be safe, drivers are supposed to use earphones(耳机) to talk while driving.
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（2020·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校九年级期末）
If you are in Shanghai and want to throw away a cup of milk tea, be careful.1. From July.1st on, people in Shanghai have been required to sort garbage according to strict rules. Many other cities in China are planning to create similar garbage-sorting rules.
Why should we sort our garbage 2. The answer lies in the increasing waste we are producing. Chinese cities produce over 200 million tons of waste each year, according to China Economic Net. Most of this waste is buried in landfills (垃圾填埋场), which may pollute water and soil. Moreover, we are running out of space for new landfills.
3 事实上，超过一半的废弃物可以被回收利用。Recyclable garbage can be made into new materials, while wet garbage can be used to make gas, heat and fertilizer (肥料). But in order to recycle efficiently, we need to sort our garbage.
Can't garbage-processing companies do the sorting job for us They can.4. 但是这需要大量的工作并且花费大量金钱。5. Things will become much easier if each of us can sort our own garbage. Besides, the troublesome task of sorting might encourage people to produce less waste.
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（2022·湖南长沙·九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
1.在一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我走进影院，试图找到让我开心的事情。My eyes fell on a poster in which a boy is holding a baseball bat. Seeing the nervous look on his face, I thought, “This is it! An inspiring sports movie.”
But that wasn’t quite what this movie was about. The movie Tough Out (《棒！少年》) tells the story about a group of kids who play baseball. However, they don’t win a single game in the whole 108-minute film. 2. Instead, the movie mainly tells about their failures and the pains of growing up.
These children are helped by Power Baseball Angels, a charity (慈善) program set up in 2015 by Sun Lingfeng, former captain (队长) of China’s national men’s baseball team. 3.Children from poor families across China are invited to a baseball camp in Beijing, where they are taught skills and teamwork in the hope that they can change their fate (命运).
One of the kids impressed (留下印象) me more than the others. His name is Ma Hu. Raised by his grandmother in a poor village, Ma often fights with others and almost never follows the rules at first. 4.But with the care of his coaches, Ma learns to care about others.
5.他的目标是将来成为中国国家队的一员。By feeling love from others and learning to love others himself, he might grow up to be a better person.
I didn’t see a win in the film, but it still inspired me. In it, I saw love and hope.
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（2022·湖南·古丈县教育科学研究所九年级期末）
双向翻译 阅读下面的短文，将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。
Cali and Lausanne are exchange students in China. 1.卡利来自哥伦比亚, and Lausanne comes from Switzerland. They often discuss some different opinions about time each other. Cali says in Colombia they don’t usually have to make plans to meet their friends. 2.They often just drop by their friends’ homes if they have time. But Lausanne is different. He says 3.在瑞士，守时很重要。 4.We’re the capital of clocks and watches, after all. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. They never visit a friend’s home 5.without calling first. They always make plans to see friends.
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（2022·湖南师大附中博才实验中学九年级期末）
If you ask your parents or your grandparents what music is They might not have the same idea as you. Because music can be different things to different people. What may be considered to be music to one person may be just noise to another.
1.音乐在人们的生活中扮演着重要的作用。All over the world people play and listen to some kind of music. For some people, music may be the center of their whole life. 2.They may be musicians who make a living through music. For other people, music is a way to relax by enjoying the sounds and the feelings. 3.音乐让我们感到快乐，恐惧或者伤心。The rhythm and volume in music can give a message. When the rhythm（节奏）is slow, we might feel calm and gentle. When the rhythm is fast, we could feel excited, and our bodies might want to move. 4.No matter how it makes us feel, it is our own special experience. This is the magic of music.
Music can be traced back thousands of years ago, but no one knows for sure where it really began. 5.Some people think it began with singing. Others think it was drumming rhythm. In some cultures, rhythmic drumming and dancing were used to bring a hunt or help make crops grow. What we do know is that music is an ancient activity and it is connected with the whole family.
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（2022·湖南·长沙市雅礼实验中学九年级期末）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
How important is music 1.It’s often believed that listening to music is nice, but not very meaningful. It is often only thought to be entertainment（娱乐）, but not the first choice for education. This opinion is wrong.
Music tells us who we are. 2.Music reflects the musicians’ ideas and the social environment that they are in. For example, just as Mozart’s music represents（代表）a lifestyle, rock music also represents a lifestyle. George Gershwin’s music is another example. He introduced jazz style into his music.
3.音乐以一种不同的方式帮助人们了解世界。Science explains how the sun rises and sets. Music explores（探索）emotional（情绪的）meanings. People need every possible way to learn and experience more.
Music shows people’s thoughts. We can “talk” to each other in this amazing way. Through the language we express different feelings. 4.Our happiness, pain and hope can be sensed by others. When we do not let our children receive a good music education, we take them away from the meanings that music expresses. 5.毫无疑问，我们的孩子无法欣赏音乐之美是一种遗憾。So music education is much more necessary than people usually think.
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（2022·湖南·长沙市长郡双语实验中学九年级期末）
阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Chen Xue, a woman from Liaoning province, listens to her favorite singer’s songs over and over every morning. This helps lift his rankings(排名) on different social media sites.1.陈雪花了很多钱购买这位歌手的作品。
In China, fan quan, meaning “fan circles”, are highly organized groups of loyal(忠实的) fans.They use their time and money to make their “idols”, usually pop singers or actors, as popular and influential as possible.2.What Chen and her fan club members do mirrors the rise of “fan quan” culture.
Fan circle members are mostly members of Generation Z(those born between 1995 and 2009). In 2020, about 15 million underage internet users of China have supported stars in some way.
However, fan culture can quickly go into a wrong direction.3.Some fans blindly follow their stars who are not well-behaved. They attack(攻击) or even bully(欺侮) others online. They sometimes spread rumors(谣言) about other stars. 4.To buy valuable gifts for their stars, some of them even steal their parents’ money.
In June, the Cyberspace Administration of China(CAC) started a campaign(行动) called “Clear and Bright” to clean up online fan clubs. Later, CAC brought out 10 new guidelines. According to the guidelines,5.青少年不允许在粉丝俱乐部担任重要角色。They should not use money to support stars, either.
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