可数名词和不可数名词及其练习
可数名词：能按照个数计算的普通名词。可数名词有单复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事用单数
形式a/an；指两个人及多个人或事物时用复数形式。
可数名词复数形式规则变化：
1.一般在名词的结尾加-s, 在清辅音后读/s/, 在浊辅音和元音后后读/z/。
exercise → exercises desk → desks
2. s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加-es, 读/Iz/。 watch→watches box→boxes
3. ＂辅音字母+y＂结尾, 去y为i, 再加-es。
factory → factories 工厂 lady → ladies 女士 library -- libraries 图书馆
4. f 或fe结尾的词, 一般把f 或fe 改为v, 加-es。
wolf→wolves knife→knives
5. o结尾的可数名词, 有生命的加-es, 无生命的加-s。 potato→potatoes piano→pianos
6.不规则变化 man → men男人/ woman →women 女人/ child--children孩子/ mouse--mice 老鼠
不可数名词：不能按照个数计算的普通名词。如食物：bread, meat, rice, cheese, fish, beef
饮料：milk, water, cola, coffee, wine, tea, orange (橘子汁) 自然物质：air, soil, sand, wood
抽象情感：love, peace, friendship, joy, happiness等。
用法注意
不可数名词没有复数形式。不可数名词不能单独用 a 修饰，要加个量词
A paper (×) a piece of paper 一张纸(√) ten pieces of paper 十张纸 (√)
a coffee (×) a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡(√) two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡(√)
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
但当其前有“ 数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词”时，谓语动词根据量词而定。
Is any water in the cup 杯子里有水吗？
Are two cups of water on the table 桌子上有两杯水吗？
有名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但含义不同
food 食物 (不可数名词) foods 各种食物 (可数名词)
fruit 水果(不可数名词) fruits 各种水果(可数名词)
ice-cream 冰淇淋 (表示这种物质是不可数)
an ice-cream 一根冰淇淋 (表示一根一根的冰淇淋是可数) / two ice-creams 两根冰淇淋
chicken 鸡肉 (不可数名词) a chicken 一只鸡(可数名词) / two chickens 两只鸡
hair 头发(不可数名词) hairs 花白头发(可数名词)
exercise 运动，锻炼 (不可数名词) exercise 练习，做操(可数名词)
单复数同形名词 sheep羊 / people 人/ Chinese中国人 / Japanese日本人
注意含man/woman名词词组复数变化规则：two men teachers / three women doctors三个女医生
修饰可数名词: some,any,many,few,a few, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great many, a great number of等。
修饰不可数名词: some,any,much, little, a little. a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great deal of, an amount of等。
【注意】some,any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等既可用于修饰可数名词,也可用于修饰不可数名词。
随堂练习
词组翻译
六个西红柿 _____________________________________________________
一个洋葱 _____________________________________________________
两杯咖啡 _____________________________________________________
三茶匙(teaspoon)调料 (relish) _____________________________________________________
十瓶酸奶(yogurt) _____________________________________________________
四片(piece)面包 _____________________________________________________
六位女医生 _____________________________________________________
五名男学生 _____________________________________________________
用所给名词的适当形式填空
How many ________(sheep) are there on the hill
There is some ________(food) in the basket.
The baby has only two ________(tooth) now.
There is a lot of ________(water) in the bottle.
There are five ________(people) in his family.
Let's take some ________(photo), OK
I have lots of ________(tomato) here.
The ________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
The ________(child) are playing games on the playground now.
Their __________(dictionary) look new.
I see you have a few white ________(hair).
They are ________(woman) doctors.
The Japanese ____ (woman) will not leave China until she finishes her study.
Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please
There are many ________(fox) in the picture.
I would like some apple ________(juice). I am very thirsty.
We do morning ______(exercise) at school every day.
You need to do more ________ (exercise) to keep healthy.
The cat caught two ______ (mouse) last night.
The _____(boy) has two ______(watch).
There (be) some (milk) in the bottle.
He gives me some (money) as a reward(奖赏).
There are many (country) in the world.
I'd like a bowl of (noodle).
Her two brothers are both (policeman).
_______(this) are my English books.
My aunt Jane and my mother are __________(sister).
There (be) lots of flowers in our garden.
Those are _______(bus).
The ________(leaf) on the tree turn yellow.
单项选择
There_________ two slices of chicken on the table and there __________some relish on the slices.
A. is ; are B. are ; is C. is ; is D. are ; are
Pour _________ yogurt into the glass, and then mix them up.
A. three B. three teaspoon of C. three teaspoons D. three teaspoons of
We use one of the two ________ to cut up the beef.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knivs
The ____ in our yard are very beautiful.
A. cloth B. water C. flowers D. flower
There are some ____.
A. knives and pencil-boxes B. knives and pencils-box C. knifes and pencil-box D.knifes
Tom is one of the Chinese ______ in our school.
A. boy B. boys C. boies D. a boy
The cat has four ____, doesn't it
A. foots B. feet C. feets D. foot
There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.
American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japaneses D. Americans, Japaneses
Can you see nine _____ in the picture
A. fish B. book C. horse D. candy
These ____ have two _____.
A. boy; watch B. boys; watches C. boys; watch D. boies; watches
The ____are flying back to their country.
A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans D. German
The girl brushes her___every day before she goes to bed.
A. tooths B. teeth C.teeths D. toothes
I saw many ___in the street.
A. peoples B.people C.people's D. peoples’
The green sweater is his____.
A.brother B.brothers C.brother's D. brothers’
Turkey is delicious, but don't eat too much of _________.
A. it B. its C. them D. they
Is there a big in your room
A. boxing B. boxes C. box D. boxs
There are many in your school.
A. computer B. computers C. a computer D. computeres
--- What would you like --- I'd like some .
A. water B. waters C. watering D. wateres
I can see many in the busy street.
A cars B car C call D. card
Uncle Li is very rich. He has money.
A. many B. much C. a lot D. lots
Oh, here's big apple!
A. a B. an C. some D. /
Give me orange, please!
A. a B. an C. some D. many
I'd like a of paper.
A. bottle B. glass C. piece D. set
Look at these happy !
A. children B. child C. boy D. childs
Here is book for you.
A. some B. one C. two D. an
The meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacher B.teacher's C.teachers' D.teachers
There are birds in that big tree.
A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of
In Britain are all painted red.
A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters box
There some in the river.
A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishes D. are, fish
There on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos
按要求完成句子
There is a computer in my house. (改为一般疑问句)
a computer in house
There are some flowers on the teachers' desk. (改为一般疑问句)
flowers on the teachers' desk
There aren't any apples on the tree. (改为肯定句）
There apples on the tree.
There is a pear in the box. (改为否定句)
There a pear in the box.
There are fifty students in my class. (对划线部分提问)
students are there in your class
This is a knife. (改为复数句)
That is a potato. (改为复数句)
That child is very good. (改为复数句)
These are mice. (改为单数句)
Those are children. (改为单数句)
参考答案
一.
1-4 six tomatoes an onion two cups of coffee three teaspoons of relish
5-8 ten bottles of yogurt four pieces of bread six women doctors five boy students
二.
1-5 sheep food teeth water people
6-10 photos tomatoes leaves children dictionaries
11-15 hair women woman orange foxes
16-20 juice exercises exercise mice boy; watches
21-25 is; milk money countries noodles policemen
26-30 these sisters are buses leaves
三.
1-10 BDCCA BBBAB
11-20 CBBCA CBAAB
21-30 ABCAB ACADB
四.
1-5 Is there; your Are there; any are some isn't How many
6-10
These are knives.
Those are potatoes.
Those children are very good.
This is a mouse.
That is a children.
