2023北京东直门中学高二3月月考
英 语
第一部分(选择题)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
They’re tough breeds and they have complicated names to match. But free-spirited Aussie dogs Tank the Rottweiler-cross and Muck the Staffie-cross instinctively (本能地) knew when a small child was in danger, and their protective ___1___ prevented a tragedy.
One December afternoon, Georgie Hillier thought her two-year-old son Max was playing in the back garden of their home. But when she went to check, there was no ___2___ of Max or their dog Tank. When she couldn’t find them, she jumped in her car and started to ___3___ the neighboring property. She was frightened that her son could have fallen into one of the dams.
Then she found Tank with the neighbor’s dog Muck. They were both running around the dams, barking furiously and ___4___ in mud.
“I just panicked. I was running around, checking the sides of the dams,“ Georgie told Sara Hicks. ___5___ she kept searching, a neighbor called the police. Eventually, a woman who had found Max heard Georgie’s calls and brought the ___6___ kid out to her.
There was no one there to ___7___ what exactly happened, but Michael Beattie from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals took up the story. “When the police arrived on the ___8___ , they saw quite distinct drag marks. It was ___9___ that young Max had actually been pulled out of the dam by one of the dogs - most likely Tank. Max was making moves to go back into the dam and Muck was virtually heading him off at the pass. It was the police’s opinion that the only way that Max was _____10_____ from drowning was by the two dogs. ”
For saving the toddler’s life, the daring two dogs received the RSPCA’s Purple Cross award for bravery- plus two very large bones.
1. A. measures B. natures C. skills D. effects
2. A. response B. exhibition C. shadow D. sign
3. A. approach B. search C. guard D. discover
4. A. stuck B. covered C. hidden D. trapped
5. A. After B. Though C. Unless D. While
6. A. untouched B. unwrapped C. unknown D. unharmed
7. A. prove B. witness C. indicate D. explain
8. A. edge B. island C. scene D. beach
9. A. apparent B. essential C. pleasant D. pitiful
10. A. separated B. discouraged C. freed D. rescued
第二节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。(共14小题：每小题2分，共28分)
A
The Best of Alaska
Nothing evokes (唤起) Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the bine these images with high mountains, and wonderful meals, and you really do have the Best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7-day journey to the last border!
HIGHLIGHTS:
JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip.
HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fiords (峡湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. In 2004, Haines was listed by Outside Magazine and National Geographic Adventure as one of the best places for recreation and living.
ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation devoted to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. Alaska Indian Arts is also the headquarters for several of Alaska’s outstanding craftsmen. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading (串珠饰) and culture from these master artists.
SKAGWAY: Skagway is famous for its role in the Klondike Gold Stampede over 100 years ago. Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway.
GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to the Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge (房子) here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching journey and a full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.
DATES / PRICES:
May 16, June 20, July 18, August 15. 7 days—$3,500, including lodging, all meals, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.
CONTACTS:
E-mail: info@ Call:(800)766-3396 Write: Alaska Mountain Guides Climbing School P. O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827
11. According to the advertisement, the participants of the journey ____________.
A. will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian Arts
B. can contact Alaska Mountain Guides Climbing School by e-mail or fax
C. are able to experience some adventurous activities in Haines
D. can get lots of traditional native artworks free of charge
12. You can feel the history of the local place at ____________.
A. Juneau B. Skagway C. Haines D. Gustavus
13. Which of the following requires participants to pay additional fees
A. Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train. B. A full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.
C. Having the last supper at Juneau. D. Flying to Juneau
14. What can you learn from the advertisement
A. Juneau is much more beautiful than Haines.
B. The culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying out.
C. Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty.
D. Skagway was the richest town in Alaska in the past.
B
It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Pairs’s eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR ”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen，the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”
15. What happened to Paris on a March day
A. She caught a bad cold.
B. She had a sudden heart problem.
C. She was knocked down by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
16. Why does Paris say she was lucky
A. She made a worthy friend.
B. She recovered from shock.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back on the softball team.
17. Which of the following words can best describe Taylor
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Courageous and calm.
C. Cooperative and generous.
D. Ambitious and professional.
C
While many people aren’t getting enough calcium (钙), new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: They could be getting too much. Americans spend more than $1 billion a year on calcium supplements (补充剂) in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, the brittle bone disease that cripples many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D, saying there wasn’t enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.
For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all Are the supplements unsafe And how much is too much “It’s gotten very confusing but it doesn’t need to be,” says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18. ”
People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70, although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.
Getting adequate (充足的) calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.
Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles cardiologists (心脏病学家). “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification (钙化) in your arteries,” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems.
Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones, “so it’s not worth any risk. ” She adds.
18. What is Ethel Siris’ opinion on taking calcium supplements
A. Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B. Adults need more calcium than children.
C. Age and gender determine how much calcium is needed.
D. It is safer to take calcium from food than from supplements.
19. What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean
A. Interest. B. Amaze. C. Frighten. D. Puzzle.
20. What can we learn from the passage
A. Taking two calcium supplements a day is good for health.
B. It might be wiser to take recommended calcium from food.
C. It is easy for people to obtain enough Vitamin D from food.
D. The benefits of taking calcium supplements outweigh its risks.
D
Wilderness
“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
21. John Sauven holds that_____.
A. many people value nature too much
B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
22. What is the main idea of Para. 3
A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
23. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate
A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Sceptical. D. Optimistic.
24. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) : Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
第三节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. _____25_____
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. _____26_____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. _____27_____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. _____28_____ When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.
_____29_____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.
A. What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.
B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.
C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.
D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.
E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food.
F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.
G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.
第四节 小说阅读(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)
30. ‘That’s all right then,’ said Bruno. ‘As long as it’s just for the foreseeable future and not for a month. I hate it here. ‘
What does Gretel think of Bruno’s view of the place
A. Agree B. Disagree C. Unconcerned D. Not mentioned
31. Seeing some one-floor huts in a nasty-looking place, Gretel thinks this must be a _______.
A. prison B. town C. countryside D. playground
32. Did Bruno like the splendour of the new home at Ergo
A. a little B. absolutely yes C. absolutely no D. not mentioned
33. What did Maria think of Bruno’s father
A. a mean officer B. a handsome commander C. a strict master D. a good man
第二部分 非选择部分
第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China ____30____ (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.
Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8 a.m., according to data from the city's environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to ____31____ (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city.
The city's weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out ____32____ the sandstorm came into being.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I have many goals. The most important one is to travel around the world and I am trying my best to make it come true. The reason is ____33____ our world is so fantastic that I want to explore it. There are so many different things in the world ____34____ (experience). While ____35____ (travel), I can learn different languages and make friends with the local people. I believe I can achieve my dream.
C
语法填空
From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian ____36____ (learn) that Canada’s population is only slightly over thirty-seven million. However, they did not anticipate ____37____ (see) such an open country, and were truly ____38____ (amaze). They went through two wheat-growing provinces, ____39____ they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.
第二节 阅读表达(第44,45题各2分，第46题3分，第47题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep.
However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed people’s metabolisms.
Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.
He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day—but only if we choose to keep doing it.”
40. What inspired Professor Schrauwen to carry out the research related to the timing of workouts
41. What did Schrauwen’s new study figure out
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.
43. When do you think is the best time for you to exercise Why (about 40 words)
第三节 方框选词(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
选词填空
owe bound consist pleasant arise literal anticipate massive consume freeze
44. The name of the cheese is Dolcelatte, ___________ meaning ‘sweat milk’.
45. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity ___________ in the US.
46. Don’t lie to her. She is ___________ to find out.
47. Speaking of his secret of success, he ___________ it more to luck than to ability.
48. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a ___________ basis.
49. ___________ bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
50. The president is ___________ popular and wherever he goes, he is surrounded by the supporters.
51. Those security guards hope to prevent anything ___________ from happening.
52. Are there any matters ____________ from the minutes of the last meeting
53. Taylor was excited and full of ___________ at the trip.
第四节 完成句子(共6小题;共7分)(使用U3一U5所学短语)
54. Our car ___________________________ the prairie.
我们的汽车正向大草原驶去。
55. A student’s education does not only ___________________________ learning academic subjects.
学生的教育不只是包含学习学术学科。
56. Anyone can join the organization ___________________________ his religion, color, or belief.
任何人都可以加入这个组织，无论他的宗教、肤色或信仰如何。
57. To their disappointment, the result of the competition ___________________________.
令他们失望的是，比赛的结果与他们的期望相反。
58. She must use her ___________________________ to help herself during her routine.
她必须用她的触觉来帮助自己在她的日常工作。
59. After climbing the mountain, ___________________________, we felt that the view___________________________.
爬完山，站在山顶上，我们感到景色美极了。
参考答案
第一部分(选择题)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两只狗拯救了幼童免于溺水的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的保护本性防止了悲剧的发生。A. measures措施；B. natures本性；C. skills技能；D. effects影响。根据上文“instinctively knew when a small child was in danger (本能地知道小孩有危险)”可知防止了悲剧的发生的是狗的保护人的本性，故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当她去检查时，没有麦克斯或他们的狗坦克的迹象。A. response反应；B. exhibition展览；C. shadow影子；D. sign迹象。根据下文“She was frightened that her son could have fallen into one of the dams.( 她很害怕她的儿子会掉进其中一座水坝里)”可推理出，Georgie Hillier在花园里没有发现儿子麦克斯的迹象，故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她找不见他们的时候，她跳进汽车开始从周边寻找。A. approach靠近；B. search寻找；C. guard警卫；D. discover发现。根据上文“When she couldn’t find them, she jumped in her car(当她找不见他们的时候，她跳进汽车)”可知Georgie Hillier要开车在周边寻找儿子和狗，故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们都在大坝周围奔跑，狂吠不止，浑身是泥。A. stuck卡住的；B. covered覆盖着的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. trapped被困的。根据上文“They were both running around the dams, barking furiously(它们都在大坝周围奔跑，狂吠不止)”以及下文“in mud(泥巴)”可推理出两只狗浑身都是泥巴，故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当她不停地寻找时，一位邻居报了警。A. After在……之后；B. Though尽管；C. Unless除非；D. While当……时候。根据下文“she kept searching, a neighbor called the police(她不停地寻找时，一位邻居报了警)”可知这是一个包含状语从句的复合句，从句为时间状语从句，应使用引导时间状语从句的引导词，故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：最终，一位找到Max的女士听到了Georgie的呼叫声，并将未受伤的孩子带到了她身边。A. untouched未触动过的；B. unwrapped打开的；C. unknown不为人所知的；D. unharmed未受伤的。根据下文“young Max had actually been pulled out of the dam by one of the dogs(小麦克斯实际上是被其中一只狗从水坝里拖出来的)”可知，小麦克斯并未受伤，故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里没有人目睹到底发生了什么。A. prove证明；B. witness目睹；C. indicate暗示；D. explain解释。根据下文“Michael Beattie from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals took up the story.( 皇家防虐待动物协会的迈克尔·贝蒂讲述了这个故事)”以及“they saw quite distinct drag marks.(他们看到了清晰的拖拉的痕迹)”可知，故事是根据现场的痕迹推理出来的，整个事情没有人在现场亲眼目睹，故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当警察到达现场的时候，他们看到了清晰的拖拉的痕迹。A. edge边缘；B. island岛屿；C. scene现场；D. beach沙滩。根据下文“they saw quite distinct drag marks.(他们看到了清晰的拖拉的痕迹)”可知警察到达了现场，故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，小麦克斯实际上是被其中一只狗从大坝里拖出来的——很可能是坦克。A. apparent显而易见的；B. essential基本的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. pitiful可怜的。根据上文“they saw quite distinct drag marks. (他们看到了清晰的拖拉的痕迹)”可知，这个痕迹显而易见，能证明小麦克斯实际上是被其中一只狗从大坝里拖出来的，故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警方认为，麦克斯从溺水中获救的唯一途径是两只狗。A. separated分开的；B. discouraged沮丧的；C. freed免除的；D. rescued被拯救的。根据下文“For saving the toddler’s life(因为救了两个幼童的生命)”可知，麦克斯被拯救，免于溺水，故选D项。
第二节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了阿拉斯加的精华旅游之处。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据HAINES部分的“The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. (这里的自然美景和广阔的荒野使Haines成为阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心。)”可知，Haines是阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心，由此可推断出这次旅行的参与者能够在Haines体验一些冒险活动。故选C项。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据SKAGWAY部分的“Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. (今天，它是一个历史悠久而又热闹非凡的小镇，仍然反映了它的淘金热之根，蕴含着丰富多彩的商店。)” 可知，Skagway是一个历史悠久而又生机勃勃的小镇，由此推断出游客可在Skagway感受当地的历史。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据DATES / PRICES部分的“Not included: alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.(不包括：酒精、个人物品、往返Juneau的机票。)”可知，不包含往返Juneau的机票。故飞往Juneau要求参与者支付额外费用。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据JUNEAU部分的“Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. (Juneau，州府，有着丰富的文化和美丽的风景。)”、HAINES部分“The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. (这里的自然美景和广阔的荒野使海恩斯成为阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心。)”可知，阿拉斯加风景美，以及ALASKA INDIAN ARTS部分“Alaska Indian Arts is a non-profit corporation devoted to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. Alaska Indian Arts is also the headquarters for several of Alaska's outstanding craftsmen.（阿拉斯加印第安艺术是一个非营利性的公司，致力于保护和延续西北土著的传统工艺和文化部落。阿拉斯加印第安艺术也是阿拉斯加几位杰出艺术家的总部工匠）”可知，去阿拉斯加可以了解西北土著的传统工艺和文化部落；由SKAGWAY部分“Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. (今天，这是一个历史悠久而又生机勃勃的小镇，它仍然反映了它的淘金之根，蕴含着丰富多彩的商店。)”可知，，游客在Skagway可以感受当地的历史；由此可推断出阿拉斯加以其文化、历史和自然美景而闻名。故选C项。
【答案】15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球队一名女孩Paris在打球的过程中突发心力衰竭，队友Taylor紧急对Paris进行了心肺复苏，送往医院后她恢复了心跳的故事，旨在说明面临心力衰竭时，保持冷静并进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一行，“It certainly was。 Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure。”可知，Paris突发心脏病，故B项正确。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二行“Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段整段中队友的协助，得到了及时CPR救助的Paris“heartbeat returned”， 所以Paris说自己非常的幸运。倒数第二段，“Experts say Paris is right。 For a sudden failure， the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”，专家的话也印证了Paris获得了及时的救助，故C项正确。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二行“But when no one else came forward， Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR。”说明Taylor非常的勇敢，在没有人出来帮忙以及自己对自己不那么自信的情况下，她还是跑去救助了Paris。由第五段第三行Taylor 的话“It was scary。 I knew it was the difference between life and death。”以及第六段首句“Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down。”可知，Taylor是一个勇敢并且冷静的女孩，面对这种情况，她没有慌乱，用自己学习到的急救知识迅速行动并用自己的举动感染了队友，使她们镇静下来帮忙救助，故B项正确。
【答案】18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对补钙对身体有益这一观点进行了质疑，并提出补钙过多有可能会导致心脏问题。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“How much calcium people need varies by age and gender.(人们需要多少钙因年龄和性别而异)”可知，Ethel Siris认为人们对钙质的需要因年龄和性别而异。故选C项。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.(上个月发表在《心脏》杂志上的一项针对24000名德国人的研究发现，那些完全从补充剂中摄入钙的人患心脏病的可能性是那些不服用补充剂的人的两倍多)”以及第六段“Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries(没有人将血液中的钙与动脉中的钙化联系起来)”可知，补钙会导致心脏病已经有了可能性，但是目前还没有确定的证据证实，这样心脏病学家们感到迷惑不解。由此可知，划线词baffles与D项“puzzle(使迷惑)”表达的含义一致。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones, “so it’s not worth any risk.”(即使风险尚不清楚，摄入超过身体吸收能力的食物对骨骼也没有好处，“所以不值得冒险。”)”可推出，从食物中摄取足够的钙是更加明智的。故选B项。
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，本文客观阐述了不同的人对于怎么利用荒原持有的不同的观点。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段these "ecosystem services" far outweigh the gains from exploitation.。得知John Sauven认为“生态系统服务”远比开发的利益重要得多，由此可推断他的观点是开发荒野有害。故选B 。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本段第二句和第三句He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.可知，荒野的有益服务不能作为不开发的理由，故选C。
【23题详解】
作者态度题。根据第四段I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants.就可以看出，作者并没有偏向任何一个观点。只是比较客观的进行阐述。选A。
【24题详解】
文章结构题。通读文章可知，作者就荒野保护的问题客观中立地阐述了对立双方的观点，文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一点是文章的结论。推出选D。
第三节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
【答案】25. C 26. A 27. F 28. D 29. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空。文章介绍了心理因素对人们饮食数量的影响，例如“习惯化”。
【25题详解】
根据横线前面一句This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation.可知，当我们多次接触到某一食物的时候，我们对它的兴趣就会减少，因为我们已经熟悉了它。，C项：For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.(例如，根据这项研究，第十口要比第一口少。)是对前面理论的举例说明，故选C。
【26题详解】
根据横线后面一句Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese可知，想象自己吃巧克力的样子不会阻止你吃奶酪。也就是说我们要想象自己吃某种具体的食物，这样才会减少你对这种食物的渴望。A项：What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.(而且，这只适用于你想象中的特定食物。)恰好与此吻合，故选A。
【27题详解】
根据本段前面两句Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups.可知，研究人员对此问题进行了分组研究。第一组的研究对象被要求想象把30个硬币扔进洗衣机，然后想象吃了3个巧克力。这和从口袋里拿出巧克力来吃有类似的运动神经技巧，所以研究人员才会这样开展研究。F项：This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.(这项研究称，这需要和吃小巧克力一样的运动技能。)符合文意，故选F。
【28题详解】
根据本段最后一句The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.可知，在这些人吃完以后，进行称重。结果发现想象每次吃了30个巧克力的人实际上吃了最少。也就是说在他们实验结束以后，会让他们自由地吃巧克力。D项：All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.(然后，他们所有人都可以自由地从盛有相同数量巧克力的碗中进食。)符合文意，故选D。
【29题详解】
根据本段第三句The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats.可知，本次研究说明心理方面的因素会影响人们吃的东西的量。由此可见这个研究是关于人们饮食数量的话题。G项：This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.(这项研究是研究什么使我们吃得比实际需要的多的研究的一部分。)，故选G。
第四节 小说阅读(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)
30. ‘That’s all right then,’ said Bruno. ‘As long as it’s just for the foreseeable future and not for a month. I hate it here. ‘
What does Gretel think of Bruno’s view of the place
A. Agree B. Disagree C. Unconcerned D. Not mentioned
31. Seeing some one-floor huts in a nasty-looking place, Gretel thinks this must be a _______.
A. prison B. town C. countryside D. playground
32. Did Bruno like the splendour of the new home at Ergo
A. a little B. absolutely yes C. absolutely no D. not mentioned
33. What did Maria think of Bruno’s father
A. a mean officer B. a handsome commander C. a strict master D. a good man
第二部分 非选择部分
第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
【答案】30. was hit/had been hit/was being hit 31. less 32. how/why
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。
【30题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：周日早上，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，中国北方遭遇了（正在遭遇）十年来最大的沙尘暴。此处缺乏谓语，动词hit意为“袭击”，和主语northern China构成被动关系，主语是单数，谓语也用单数形式。根据“Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning”可知，此处是讲过去的事，可以用一般过去时的被动语态；也可以表示中国北方先遭遇了沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，即“过去的过去”，这样应使用过去完成时的被动语态；还可以表示中国北方正在遭遇沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，这样应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was hit/had been hit/was being hit。
【31题详解】
考查比较级。句意：北京市环境监测中心的数据显示，上午8点，空气污染指数升至500的上限，部分地区能见度降至不到1000米。根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故填less。
【32题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词。句意：北京市气象局建议居民尽量待在室内，同时专家们正在调查沙尘暴是如何（为何）形成的。介词out后接宾语从句，根据“experts are working to find out”可知，此处是指调查沙尘暴是如何形成的或为何形成的，所以应用how或why引导宾语从句。故填how/why。
【答案】33. that
34. to experience
35. traveling/travelling
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者陈述了自己环游世界的目标。
【33题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：原因是我们的世界是如此奇妙，我想探索它。分析句子结构，空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词在从句中没有实际意义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。
【34题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上有那么多不同的东西可以体验。空处需填动词不定式作后置定语，things to do要做的事情，该用法是固定用法。故填to experience。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在旅行中，我可以学习不同的语言，和当地人交朋友。I与其逻辑主语travel之间是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语。故填traveling/travelling。
【答案】36. had learnt
37. seeing 38. amazed
39. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个学生从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南方行驶，一路穿越加拿大大草原旅行。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：黛予和刘倩在学校学过，加拿大的人口才刚过3700万。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据句意，句子表达的是发生在过去之前的动作，应使用过去完成时形式，故填had learnt。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，因此动词see应使用动名词形式作宾语，故填seeing。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作表语，因与其逻辑主语they之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“感到……”，使用过去分词，故填amazed。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，看到一片片广阔的农场。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，因先行词province在句子作状语表示地点，应使用关系副词引导定语从句，故填where。
第二节 阅读表达(第44,45题各2分，第46题3分，第47题5分，共12分)
【答案】40. The 2019 study.
41. For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon.
42. Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.
According to the passage, Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn’t collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
43. 略
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇科学研究。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest.（2019年一项备受争议的研究发现，2型糖尿病患者在下午完成几分钟的高强度间歇训练后，两周后血糖控制得到了改善。营养和运动科学教授帕特里克·施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。）”可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究的，故答案为The 2019 study.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.（他们发现下午锻炼的好处远远大于早晨锻炼的好处。）”以及第四段“This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier.（这项研究确实表明，下午锻炼对代谢紊乱的人可能比早些时候做同样的锻炼更有益。）”可知，教授的新研究发现对于一些人来讲，在下午运动会更好，故答案为For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. （顺便说一句，他和他的同事在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。几年前，他们曾要求患有2型糖尿病的高风险成年男性每周在实验室骑3次固定自行车，持续12周，而研究人员则跟踪他们的代谢健康状况。”）可知，Schrauwen教授和他的同事没有收集任何新的数据来做研究。他们利用了自己先前实验中现成的数据来源，故答案为Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.
According to the passage, Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn’t collect any new data to do the research. They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
【43题详解】
开放题。表述自己的观点并解释原因。注意字数控制在40词左右。
第三节 方框选词(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
【答案】44. literally
45. consumption
46. bound 47. owed
48. consistent
49. Frozen 50. massively
51. unpleasant
52. arising
53. anticipation
【解析】
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种奶酪的名字叫Dolcelatte，字面意思是“甜牛奶”。根据下文“meaning ‘sweat milk’(意思是“甜牛奶”)”可知这是对上文名词进行字面意思解释，分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用副词形式，所以空白处应填表示“字面上”含义的副词，选择literal并变为副词形式，故填literally。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：照明约占美国总用电量的7%。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的形容词total可知空白处应填名词性形式，根据上文“Lighting accounts for about 7% (照明占据了约7%)”可知空白处应填表示“消耗”含义的名词，所以选择consume变为名词形式，故填consumption。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不要对她撒谎，她一定会发现的。分析句子结构，be bound to为固定结构，含义为：一定……，与句子表达的含义一致，故填bound。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：谈到他成功的秘诀，他更多地归功于运气，而不是能力。根据上文“his secret of success (他成功的秘诀)”以及下文“more to luck than to ability (更多的是运气而不是能力)”可知，空白处应填表示“归功于”含义的动词，又因句子表达的是一个过去的动作，应使用一般过去时，故填owed。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：请记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也要坚持练习技术。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词形式。根据上文“practice their skills (练习技术)”可知空白处应填表示“持续的”含义的形容词，所以选择consist并变为形容词形式，故填consistent。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：冷冻香蕉能持续数周，取决于它们的成熟度和冷冻室的温度。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词或形容词性修饰语，根据下文“the temperature of the freezer (冷冻室的温度)”可知，句子讲的是冷冻香蕉，所以选择freeze，因与其逻辑主语bananas之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词形式，故填Frozen。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：总统非常受欢迎，无论他走到哪里，都会被支持者包围。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用副词形式。根据下文“wherever he goes, he is surrounded by the supporters. ( 无论他走到哪里，都会被支持者包围)”可知，总统的受欢迎程度是非常大的，所以选择massive (非常大的)并变为副词形式，故填massively。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：那些保安希望防止任何不愉快的事情发生。根据上文“prevent anything (阻止任何事情)”可知空白处应填表示“不愉快”含义的词，所以选择pleasant并变为反义词，故填unpleasant。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上次会议的记录中有任何问题出现吗？根据上文“any matters (什么问题)”以及下文“from the minutes of the last meeting (上次会议的记录中)”可知空白处应填表示“出现”含义的动词，又因空白处在句子中不做谓语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语matter之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式，所以选择arise并变为现在分词形式，故填arising。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：泰勒对这次旅行既兴奋又充满期待。根据上文“Taylor was excited(泰勒很兴奋)”可知，待选的词中，“anticipate (期待)”表达的含义与句子表达的含义一致，根据空白处前面的介词of可知空白处应填名词形式，故填anticipation。
第四节 完成句子(共6小题;共7分)(使用U3一U5所学短语)
54.【答案】is moving towards
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“驶向”含义的动词短语为：move towards，根据句意，句子表达的是一个现在正在进行的动作，动词应使用现在进行时形式，故填is moving towards。
55. 【答案】consist of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“包含”含义的动词词组为：consist of。根据空白处前面的助动词does可知空白处应填动词原形，故填consist of。
56.【答案】regardless of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。表示“无论”应用介词短语regardless of，意为“不管；不顾；无论”。故填regardless of。
57. 【答案】was contrary to their expectation
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“与……相反”应用短语 be contrary to；表示“期望”应用名词 expectation。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时态。故填was contrary to their expectation。
58. 【答案】sense of touch
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、介词短语。分析句子结构，空白处在句中子中做宾语，应使用名词，根据汉语提示，表示“感觉”含义的名词为：sense；表示“触碰”含义的名词为：touch；所以表示“触觉”含义的名词表达为：sense of touch，故填sense of touch。
59.【答案】 ①. standing on the top of the hill ②. was splendid
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、形容词。表示“站在山顶上”的表达为：stand on the top of the hill；表示“美极了”的形容词为：splendid。分析句子结构，第一个空白处在句子中作状语，因与其逻辑主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词，所以第一个空白处填standing on the top of the hill；分析第二个空白处可知主句为包含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中缺少系动词和表语，且句子表达的是过去的事，应使用一般过去时，所以第二个空白处填was splendid，故答题空1填standing on the top of the hill；答题空2填was splendid。
