昆明市2022级高二年级教学测评月考卷（三）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman find surprising
A. The man does not have an air-conditioner.
B. The man has not been using his air-conditioner.
C. The summer has been unusually hot.
2. Why will the man call the woman
A. To ask her about the homework.
B. To talk to her roommate.
C. To give her some information.
3. What clothes will the man probably wear for Jane’s wedding
A. His old suit. B. His new suit. C. He is not sure.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She is still thinking. B. She has finished ordering. C. She is guessing.
5. What will the woman probably do
A. Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.
B. Return the novel to Alice immediately.
C. Help the man to find a copy in the bookstore.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where does the man usually watch the TV shows
A. On TV. B. On his computer. C. On his phone.
7. What does the man usually watch on the Internet
A. Short videos. B. Drama series. C. News programs.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What does the woman plan to do today
A. Go camping. B. Visit Linda. C. Finish her report.
9. When will the man go into town
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Who is Keke
A. The man’s friend. B. An English teacher. C. A cute parrot.
11. What are the speakers doing
A. Shopping. B. Talking about parrots. C. Learning English
12. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end
A. To play chess with him.
B. To teach Keke English.
C. To continue reading her book.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How is the man feeling
A. Sorry and regretful. B. Understanding but sad. C. Concerned and angry.
14. When did Elizabeth get home today
A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:45 p.m. C. At 11:00 p.m.
15. Why was Elizabeth late
A. She was stuck in traffic. B. She got in an accident. C. She forgot about the time.
16. What did the man decide
A. Elizabeth cannot use her phone for a week.
B. Elizabeth cannot see her friends for a week.
C. Elizabeth has to come home early for a week.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How did the speaker go to school
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
18. When did the rain begin
A. Before he left home. B. After he arrived at school. C. When school was over.
19. How long did the rain last
A. Several minutes. B. Half an hour. C. Three hours.
20. How does the speaker feel after the rain
A. Comfortable. B. Annoyed. C. Frightened.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying. As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard’s past, present, and future.
Summer 2024 schedule
From June 22, 2024 to August 9, 2024, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2024, July 3, 2024, July 4, 2024, August 7, 2024 or August 8, 2024.
From August 10, 2024 to August 21, 2024, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2 pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11 am and 3 pm.
Registration (报名) is strongly recommended.
Information Sessions and Tours
Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate (本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.
Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495-1551 with any questions.
Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)
Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. (Groups of 10 or more must email communications @fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.
Virtual tour of Harvard College
Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more.
21. Which day can be arranged to visit Harvard
A. July 3, 2024. B. August 7, 2024.
C. August 21, 2024. D. August 8, 2024.
22. What special attention should be paid when visiting
A. Arrive there one hour in advance. B. Book tickets in advance online.
C. Be accompanied by students’ parents. D. Contact a student guide before visiting.
23. What can be experienced during a visit
A. Participate in admissions information sessions every day in the same place.
B. Gain an opportunity to learn about undergraduate programs in engineering.
C. Attend a variety of classes with Harvard students on Harvard campus.
D. Schedule separate tours to take the classes of undergraduates immediately.
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
24. When was John von Neumann able to make a living with mathematics
A. 1920. B. 1932. C. 1930. D. 1926.
25. What can be inferred about John von Neumann
A. He worked in the same research institute as Einstein before.
B. He set out to apply the theories into practice before World War Ⅱ.
C. It was his father who changed his profession completely.
D. He is indifferent to fame and fortune throughout his life.
26. Why is John von Neumann considered a great person
A. For his first book’s effect. B. For his great contributions.
C. For his sacrifice in World War Ⅱ. D. For his devotion to his school.
27. Why was John von Neumann’s driving mentioned
A. To illustrate a driving test. B. To report a serious accident.
C. To show his high humour. D. To clarify his great wealth.
C
When ancient Egyptians put pen to paper—or, more accurately, ink to papyrus (纸莎草纸) —they took steps to ensure that their words would last forever, a new study suggests. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have found that ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry. More than 1,000 years later, reports Cosmos Magazine, 15th-century European artists employed lead as well. According to the London National Gallery, lead-based pigments found in many Old Master paintings are “known to aid the drying of paint films.”
According to a statement from the University of Copenhagen, the study’s authors analyzed 12 papyrus pieces dating back to between 100 and 200 C.E., when Egypt was under Roman control. The team used X-ray microscope to determine the raw materials used in different inks, as well as the chemical structure of the dried ink attached to the ancient paper. Ancient Egyptians began writing with ink—made by burning wood or oil and mixing the resulting material with water—around 3200 B.C. Typically, scribes used black, carbon-based ink for the body of text and reserved red ink for headings and other key words in the text. Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.
The researchers write that the Egyptians created red inks with iron-based combinations—most likely natural earth pigments. The team also identified the presence of lead. They were bowled over that there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead, the ancient ink’s lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked “as if the letters were outlined” in lead. This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.
The 12 analyzed papyrus pieces are part of the University of Copenhagen’s Papyrus Carlsberg Collection. The documents originated in Tebtunis, the only large-scale institutional library known to have survived from ancient Egyptian times.
28. What is the main function of lead in the masterpieces of the ancients
A. To make the colors brighter. B. To stick the ink to the pen.
C. To help the writing dry. D. To increase their thickness.
29. What can be inferred from the statement
A. It was easy for X-ray microscope to detect the raw materials.
B. Only wet inks can be used to determine their chemical components.
C. Ancient Egyptians already knew black could catch eyes easily.
D. The inks used by the ancient Egyptians came in a variety of colors.
30. What do the underlined words mean
A. Amazed. B. Concerned. C. Angry. D. Worried.
31. How did the ancient Egyptians make words stay on paper for a long time according to Paragraph 3
A. By combining several kinds of colors.
B. By adding lead to red and black inks.
C. By breaking the structure of the colors.
D. By analyzing the elements of the paper.
D
New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year. Yet, as the information industry moves forward, many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat. A “locavore” movement has emerged in the United States. The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability. Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest, a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area. By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. “There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living,” Barnett says.
The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the world, says Timothy Beach, a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. “There’s just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive,” Beach says of American agriculture. “Nobody can cut off the food we need.”
However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil (化石) fuels, says Beach. Equipment used on “extremely productive” farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural resources, particularly oil. Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements (补充剂)，such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.
The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of the growing population and economic development. Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. “There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably. Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local,” he says.
32. What is the special focus of the “locavore” movement
A. The development of information society.
B. The emergence of new discoveries.
C. The localization and sustainability of food.
D. The globalization of eating styles.
33. What is Erin Barnett’s opinion
A. Agricultural companies have the responsibility to help farmers.
B. Raising the awareness of sustainability is an urgent issue currently.
C. Eating locally can quickly increase the growth of the local economy.
D. The diversity of things can greatly enrich the lives of local people.
34. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The agricultural weaknesses of the US.
B. The benefits of fossil fuels.
C. The most productive equipment on farms.
D. The consumption of local food.
35. What is the challenge facing the world now
A. The population is growing too fast. B. Global economy develops rapidly.
C. Eating locally can’t be accepted. D. No suitable energy can replace oil.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages. As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations, Chinese now has gained itself greater status (地位) in the world. Chinese is interesting and special. Unlike most other languages, Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms. 36
Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China. 37 Mandarin is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China. Mandarin is taught in schools throughout the country. The media, officials, and the government use Mandarin as their main language. When you type in Chinese, you use a phonetic system, called pinyin, which matches the Mandarin pronunciation. Mandarin is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world’s population. Chinese once had a very great influence on some neighboring countries with their languages and characters, such as Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese and so on. 38
Nowadays, with the development of China, Chinese people not only speak Chinese, but also learn other languages, such as English. 39 Many Chinese people can speak basic English, especially the youth, students, and staff of service trades like hotels, restaurants, airlines, banks and post offices. 40 The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.
Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As long as you know Chinese, you’ll also be fine anywhere in China.
A. The official language of China is the Mandarin.
B. The more words you know, the faster this will happen.
C. It is the common language of all modern Han nationality people.
D. Pinyin is a system used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet
E. English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.
F. In large cities, there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.
G. In addition to China, Mandarin is an official language in several other countries in Asia.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into a(n) 41 . We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the 42 into the Third World War. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her 43 , I don’t want to do any job related to science, 44 . In fact, when I said that I planned to 45 in English, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time. Her co-worker’s son 46 a four-year scholarship and is now 47 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to say except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him.
I understand why my mother is 48 about my future major. I’ve seen my mother 49 to raise me on her small 50 and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm. 51 as she is, she still cooks supper for me and then does other housework 52 late into the night. Additionally, she never wears fancy clothes and expensive jewelry.
I am fully 53 that what my mother has done is out of her deep love for me. However, I want her to know that by becoming a(n) 54 , it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather 55 my dreams and create my own future.
41. A. inspiration B. donation C. argument D. confidence
42. A. session B. conversation C. production D. version
43. A. disappointment B. routine C. performance D. determination
44. A. once B. never C. ever D. either
45. A. imagine B. describe C. major D. evaluate
46. A. forced B. received C. poured D. reminded
47. A. recovering B. trusting C. earning D. skipping
48. A. worried B. embarrassed C. excited D. touched
49. A. protect B. defend C. breathe D. struggle
50. A. sympathy B. salary C. experiment D. space
51. A. Ashamed B. Certain C. Proud D. Tired
52. A. setting out B. going back C. catching up D. staying up
53. A. awkward B. aware C. unclear D. forgetful
54. A. doctor B. mother C. interviewer D. customer
55. A. pursue B. deny C. admit D. predict
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese martial arts (武术), African tribal dances, and Brazil’s Samba set off waves of 56 (applaud) from the audience in mid-October. The 8th International Festival of Intangible Cultural Heritage was held 57 Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province.
The five-day event brought together around 6,000 performers 58 engaged in more than 900 performances of intangible cultural heritage from 47 countries and 59 (region).
It was co-hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Sichuan government and the National Commission of the People’s Republic of China for UNESCO, and aimed 60 (show) China’s efforts to implement the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and promote 61 (tradition) Chinese culture.
Five exhibitions, 62 (include) those featuring intangible cultural heritage in modern life, and international craftsmanship, 63 (stage) to expose the public to the cultural charm, and thus promote the inheritance of heritage.
“The framework of the convention 64 (full) recognizes the significance of intangible cultural heritage in empowering and ensuring sustainable development,” Shahbaz Khan, representative of UNESCO Multi-sectoral Regional Office for East Asia, said as he addressed the forum via 65 video.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 详述水饺制作的过程；
2. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Friday night, a poor young artist named Anthony Perry stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. He needed money to pay the tuition, so he played the violin at the railway station every day to make money. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.
The next day, Anthony came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.
Soon he was surrounded by people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to get it soon.”
After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it’s you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr George Sang ” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something ” “It’s a lottery ticket (彩票),” said the man. .
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang’s name was seen on it. _______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Anthony’s good deed was posted on social media and went viral. ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2022级高二年级教学测评月考卷（三）
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1～5 BAABA 6～10 CAABC 11～15 BCCBA 16～20 BCBCA
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
21～25 CABDA 26～30 BCCDA 31～35 BCBAD
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
36～40 ACGEF
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
41～45 CBADC 46～50 BCADB 51～55 DDBAA
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
56. applause 57. in 58. who/that 59. regions 60. to show
61. traditional 62. including 63. were staged 64. fully 65. a
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
Knowing that you are fond of Chinese cuisine, especially dumplings, I’m glad to tell you how to make dumplings.
First of all, you should mix the flour with water. The second step is to prepare the filling. You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables．Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly. When all these preparations are done, you can start making dumpling wrappers and making dumplings.
I hope the above information is helpful to you. Contact me if you need any help. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
【参考范文】
Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang’s name was seen on it. “Is it ” he asked. George nodded immediately. To George’s surprise, Anthony handed the lottery ticket to him without hesitation. So glad was George that he took the lottery ticket and kissed it. Then George offered to share with Anthony the lottery money he won, but Anthony refused. So moved was George that he patted Anthony’s shoulder and expressed his gratitude to him from the bottom of his heart, with tears in his eyes. A smile spread across Anthony’s face and he felt a wave of happiness flooding over him.
Anthony’s good deed was posted on social media and went viral. When asked why he had done so, Anthony said it was honesty that made him give back the lottery ticket to George. He was very proud of what he had done. Many people were touched by what he said, so they went to the New York railway station to listen to him playing his violin and donated money to him. After a period of time, he earned enough money to pay the tuition to achieve his dream of attending advanced studies in Vienna.
【解析】
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些关于哈佛学院的参观活动。
21. C 细节理解题。由Summer 2024 schedule中“Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2024, July 3, 2024, July 4, 2024, August 7, 2024 or August 8, 2024.”以及“From August 10, 2024 to August 21, 2024, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA.”可知，故选C。
22. A 细节理解题。由Information Sessions and Tours中“Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater.”可知，去参观时至少提前一个小时到达那里。故选A。
23. B 细节理解题。由Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences（SEAS）中“Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. ”可知，故选B。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名科学家冯·诺伊曼的生平经历和取得的重大成就。
24. D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph. D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.”可知，故选D。
25. A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics（Einstein was one of the others）.”可知，他以前和爱因斯坦在同一个研究所工作。故选A。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中可知“冯·诺依曼做出了几项伟大的贡献，其中任何一项都足以使他在历史上赢得稳固的地位。他将作为20世纪最伟大的人物之一而被人们铭记。”故选B。
27. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He reported one accident this way: ‘I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.’”可知，他在描述开车事故时，将自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒，让人忍俊不禁，由此推知他很幽默。故选C。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍哥本哈根大学研究人员的最新发现，揭开了古埃及墨水中的秘密成分——铅。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry”和“15th-century European artists employed lead as well”以及“lead-based pigments (颜料) found in many Old Master paintings are ‘known to aid the drying of paint films.’”可知，他们都利用铅作为其书写文字或作品的干燥剂。故选C。
29. D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.”可知，古埃及的墨水有多种颜色。故选D。
30. A 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在文段“The team also identified the presence of lead. They were bowled over that there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead，the ancient ink’s lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked ‘as if the letters were outlined’ in lead.”可推知，划线词意为“惊讶”。故选A。
31. B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.”可知，故选B。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
32. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.”可知，这场运动的重点是食品的本地化和可持续性。故选C。
33. B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. ‘There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living, ’Barnett says. ”可知，故选B。
34. A 主旨大意题。根据第四段可知“然而，由于对化石燃料的依赖，美国的粮食系统是不可持续的，比奇说。用于“生产力极高”的农场的设备正在迅速消耗地球的自然资源，尤其是石油。此外，农业补充剂的生产，诸如肥料等消耗大量的能量。”可推知，故选A。
35. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. ‘There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably…’”可知，现在世界面临的挑战是没有合适的能源可以取代石油。故选D。
第二节
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语如今的社会地位、影响以及英语在中国的现状等情况。
36. A 本句起承上启下作用。根据上文“汉语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。作为联合国六种官方语言之一，汉语在世界上的地位越来越高。中文既有趣又特别。与大多数其他语言不同，汉语有书面形式和几种口语形式。”及下文可知，A选项符合文意，故选A。
37. C 根据上文“普通话在中国是一种语言。”及下文“普通话是在北京话和中国北方地区的其他方言的基础上形成的。全国各地的学校都教授普通话。”可知C选项符合文意，故选C。
38. G 根据上文“普通话是世界上约五分之一人口的大多数人的母语。汉语曾经对一些邻国的语言和文字产生了很大的影响，如日语、韩语、越南语等。”可知G选项符合文意，故选G。
39. E 根据上文“如今，随着中国的发展，中国人不仅说汉语，还学习其他语言，如英语。”及下文“许多中国人会说基本的英语，尤其是年轻人、学生和服务行业的工作人员，如酒店、餐馆、航空公司、银行和邮局。”可知，E选项符合文意，故选E。
40. F 根据前后文内容可知F选项符合文意，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的母亲谈话时总是会将话题转到作者未来的职业上，导致谈话不愉快，她希望作者以后能当医生，因为作者计划主修英语而为作者焦虑，作者理解母亲的想法，但是作者想追随自己的梦想，做自己想做的事。
41. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉每次我和妈妈开始谈话，都会变成一场争吵。A. inspiration 激励；B. donation 捐献；C. argument 争论；D. confidence 自信。根据下文“push the 42 into the Third World War”可知，故选C。
42. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论一些简单的晚餐计划，突然，我的母亲会把话题推到第三次世界大战。A. session 会议；B. conversation 谈话；C. production 成果，产品； D. version 版本。根据上文“…I start to have a conversation，it turns into a(n) 41 .”可知，故选B。
43. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让她很失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。A. disappointment 失望；B. routine 常规；C. performance 表演；D. determination 决心。根据前文“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.”可知，故选A。
44. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：让她很失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。A. once 曾经；B. never 绝不；C. ever 曾经；D. either 也。根据语境，故选D。
45. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当我说我打算学英语专业时，她差点心脏病发作。A. imagine 想象；B. describe 描述；C. major 主修；D. evaluate 评估。major in 主修，故选C。
46. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在作为一名工程师，年收入为7万美元。A. forced强迫；B. received收到；C. poured倾倒；D. reminded 提醒。结合句意可知，故选B。
47. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在作为一名工程师，年收入为7万美元。A. recovering 恢复；复苏； B. trusting 信任；C. earning 赚得；D. skipping 跳，跳过。结合句意可知，故选C。
48. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我理解我妈妈为什么担心我未来的专业。A. worried 担心的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. touched 感动的。根据上文“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future”可知，故选A。
49. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到我母亲靠微薄的薪水和长时间的工作努力养活我。A. protect 保护；B. defend 保卫；C. breathe 呼吸；D. struggle 奋斗。根据后文“on her small 50 and work long hours”可知，故选D。
50. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到我母亲靠微薄的薪水和长时间的工作努力养活我。A. sympathy 同情；B. salary 工资；C. experiment 实验；D. space 空间。根据后文“work long hours”及句意可知，故选B。
51. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她很累，但她仍然为我做晚饭，然后做其他家务，一直熬夜到深夜。A. Ashamed 羞愧的；B. Certain 确定的；C. Proud 骄傲的；D. Tired 疲劳的。根据前文“She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm.”可知，故选D。
52. D 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然她很累，但她仍然为我做晚饭，然后做其他家务，一直熬夜到深夜。A. setting out 出发；B. going back 返回；C. catching up 叙旧；D. staying up 熬夜。根据下文“late into the night”可知，故选D。
53. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我深知母亲所做的一切都是出于对我深深的爱。A. awkward 尴尬的；B. aware 知道的；C. unclear 不清楚的；D. forgetful 健忘的。结合后文可知，故选B。
54. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我想让她知道，成为一名医生并不意味着我就会成功。A. doctor 医生；B. mother 母亲；C. interviewer 采访者；D. customer 顾客。根据上文“because I don’t plan to be a doctor”可知，故选A。
55. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿追求自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。A. pursue 追求；B. deny 否认；C. admit 承认；D. predict 预测。根据语境，故选A。
听力原文
Text 1
M: I haven’t turned on my air-conditioner at all this summer.
W: That’s surprising, considering how hot it’s been lately.
Text 2
M: I don’t remember my homework. If I have a problem, can I call you tonight
W: If you call me before nine, just leave a message with my roommate.
Text 3
W: I’m thinking of getting a new dress to wear for Jane’s wedding.
M: I just hope that my old suit still fits. You know how I feel about shopping.
Text 4
W: I’d like a pound of your chicken salad and a half pound of roast beef.
M: Will that be all
W: I guess so.
Text 5
M: Do you think you can lend me that novel when you have finished with it I’ve been looking all over for a copy, but it is sold out at all the bookstores.
W: Oh, it’s not mine. It belongs to Alice. But I’ll see what she says.
Text 6
W: Do you like to watch TV
M: I like watching TV shows. But I usually watch them on my phone.
W: What kind of shows do you like Drama Comedy The news
M: I like comedies, but to be honest, I don’t watch too much TV. There are so many other things on the Internet to watch.
W: Like what
M: I usually watch short videos of people doing funny things, babies laughing, animals playing...stuff like that.
Text 7
W: Where are you going today, Mark
M: I’m going to the library. What about you
W: I’ll go camping with Linda. Why do you want to go to the library today It’s Friday. We should have some fun.
M: Well, I have to hand in my report tomorrow morning.
W: Tomorrow morning Didn’t Mr. Smith ask us to hand it in next Monday morning
M: I’m going into town tomorrow afternoon. I won’t return until Sunday night. So I want to hand it in before I go.
W: Now I see.
Text 8
M: Good morning, Emma. You are reading an English book again.
W: Good morning. There is no reason to miss the beautiful morning. Is that a new bird
M: Oh, yes. My friend bought it yesterday. We call it Keke.
W: It looks so cute. Is it a parrot
M: Yes. Just look at its colorful feathers.
W: I see. It’s interesting that there is also a parrot in my English book. Its name is Polly.
M: Really A foreign parrot!
W: It can speak English, too.
M: Maybe you can teach Keke some English words.
W: Keke. Keke. Say “Hello”. (“Hello”) Oh, it is so smart. Good bird.
M: You are a good teacher. Okay, I am going to play chess now. Just go back to your book.
Text 9
M: Elizabeth, you’re finally home. I told you that you had to be home by ten o’clock! That’s been your time to come home all year. Why are you almost an hour late
W: Dad, I’m so sorry. I know I should have been home forty-five minutes ago. I left on time, I promise. But there was a lot of traffic on the way back from Jessica’s house. I didn’t want to get into an accident. I did the best I could. I’m so sorry.
M: Those are the rules, Elizabeth. Your mother and I were worried about you. You could have at least called and told us what was happening. Now go to your room. You won’t be able to do anything with your friends for a week.
W: Okay, Dad. I understand. I’m really sorry. I know I should have called. It won’t happen again.
Text 10
M: That was a morning in early June. I took a bus to my school in the suburb which was surrounded by rice paddies and ponds. The sky was gray with the gloomy clouds. “There must be heavy rain soon,” I said to myself. When I hurried into the classroom, the sky was covered by black clouds. I felt quite uncomfortable, though it was calm, without any wind. I saw the leaves of trees and grass remained still, which seemed to await something to happen. Several minutes later, I saw the lightening split the clouds and heard the thunder following. Suddenly, the heavy rain fell and the wind blew. Soon the grass was flattened under the wind and the rain. With the rain forming like a fog, the sky became bright. I took a deep breath. I felt comfortable. The heavy rain lasted three hours and stopped when the class was over. The air was so fresh and the sky was so clear. I felt like a new man myself.
