2024中考英语真题大分类 第二部分
读写综合训练 题型三 还原型阅读 类别二 能力篇
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1 家庭生活
Passage 1(2023衡阳)
Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. 1.________ Parents may be too close to their children emotionally(感情上). Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. 2.________ However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.
Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests to be similar to their own. 3.________ But what if their child's true love is art or writing, or car repair
Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children.But should children always believe what their parents do 4.________ But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. 5.________ All of them are valuable.
A. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science, too. B. However, they are not always the best teachers. C. Teachers are always ready to help their students. D. Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us. E. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. F. When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right.
子主题2 乐学善学，勤学善思
Passage 2(2023成都)
Brainstorming is the practice of coming up with ideas or solutions.1.________ But we do have some rules to follow for successful brainstorming.
Focus on quantity(数量) over quality. When it comes to brainstorming, the more ideas, the better. Don't worry about the quality of your ideas for now.2.________ Remember that your goal is to come up with as many ideas as possible. Even if none of them are perfect, you'll still have many creative ideas to use for your final plan.
Encourage big or unusual ideas.3.________ Although unusual ideas may not be immediately practical, just creating those ideas gives your brain training. It can also help to produce creative solutions that are hard to come up with.
4．________ Don't say no to the ideas of others. You can put together the best parts of different ideas to create new, even better ones. Even if you're not brainstorming as a group, you should still think about sharing your ideas with others and asking them for their advice.
You don't have to regard yourself as a very creative person to come up with excellent ideas and solutions at once.5.________ Even if you don't find the perfect solution, just practicing it can help to improve your creativity. Put these tips together and you are sure to come up with some great ideas.
A. Share ideas with each other. B. Brainstorming can help unlock ideas. C. There's no correct way to brainstorm. D. Just say or write any idea that comes to mind. E. You can practice brainstorming skills whenever you want to. F. Don't give up your ideas, no matter how strange they seem to be.
Passage 3(2023黄冈)
Sometimes we may forget something easily. Don't worry. If you want to have a good memory, please follow me. 1.________
My first advice is that if you want to remember something well, you have to review it regularly(有规律地). After you learned the material, you need to review it right away, then two days later, then a week later, then two weeks later, and then a month later.2.________
My second advice is to mark the important parts of your book. This will help you in two ways. On the one hand, it will help you concentrate on(专注于) the most important parts. It is always easier to remember only the key points. 3.________ When you open your book, the colored parts will show you the most important parts at once. In this way, you needn't read every word again.
4．________ One good time for memorizing information is in the evening. Review what you have learnt before going to bed. It will be kept in your mind deeply. The other good time is in the morning because you have just rested and your brain is fresh and clear. 5.________
Remember all the advice above, and your memory will be better and better.
A. On the other hand, this will make reviewing easier. B. Here is some advice to help improve your memory. C. Another piece of advice is to review at a proper time. D. You have to read the whole book from the beginning to the end. E. So it's easy to memorize the important information in the morning. F. After a month, you will find that you can remember the material easily.
人与自我——做人与做事
子主题3 做身心健康的人
角度1 自信乐观、悦纳自我，有同理心
Passage 4(2023吉林省卷)
Jack is my good friend. A few months ago, I saw a guitar in his room. 1.________. I asked him why the guitar was in his room. He told me that he would challenge(挑战) something difficult before 18 years old, and playing the guitar in public was the first thing he wanted to try. 2.________， but now he is confident(有信心的) enough after his first successful show at school.
After watching Jack's first show, I thought carefully about myself that night. 3.________. That was because I was not good at writing. Jack's story made me think of the saying：“Where there is a will, there is a way.” I couldn't achieve my dream in a day, but I could start to do something easy. 4.________．
From then on, I wrote every day to improve my writing skills so that I could publish(发表)articles in the school newspaper.
Now everything is going well and my writing skills have improved a lot. 5.________. Thanks to Jack, my life is full of confidence.
A. I nearly gave up my dream of being a writer B. As far as I knew, he wasn't able to play the guitar before C. For example, I could begin to write some simple stories D. So far, I have already published five articles in the school newspaper E. First, invite some friends to the party F. He used to be afraid of speaking in public
角度2 情绪与情感，情绪与行为的调节与管理
Passage 5(2023杭州)
Taking stress out of exams
Pre exam stress is one of the biggest problems in students' lives. It makes you feel bad and stops you from thinking clearly. So here are some tips to help you lower the stress of exams.
1．________
The best way to deal with exam stress is to have a good study plan. Decide which subjects to study every day and how much time to spend on each one. And don't wait until the last minute to study everything.
2．________
When we don't understand something, we feel stressed. It's normal. But don't worry about it, do something about it！Ask your teacher for help. You may find it hard to believe but all teachers want their students to do well in exams.
________
Your body needs exercise for your brain to work better. So don't study all the time. It can just make you more stressed. Do some sport, go to the gym or just go for a walk but get up and move!
4．________
It's important for your brain to rest so try to get eight hours' sleep every night. Eat a healthy diet and avoid drinks with caffeine that can stop you from sleeping well.
5．________
Finally, if you have followed all this advice and you still feel stressed, then don't keep it a secret. Talk to someone, your mum or your dad, a friend or a teacher and tell them how you feel. We all need help sometimes.
A. Eat and sleep well B. Make it interesting C. Don't be afraid to ask D. Healthy body, healthy brain E. Be organized and start early F. Don't keep your stress to yourself
Passage 6(2023永州)
A fun way to put yourself in a good mood(情绪) is by creating a mood board. What's that 1.________. Susie Moore, a life coach, often guides people at mood board making classes. At the end of a class, each person has built a collection that puts him or her in an active mood.
To create your own mood board, you'll need a soft board or a cardboard. 2.________. Go through them, cutting out photos for your board. Use your feelings to choose what works best. Here, Shay Maunz uses Moore's tips to create a mood board and offers tips on how you can make your own.
3．________. Anything that makes you feel good, use it. I used photos of my favorite food, watermelon, and my favorite animal, penguins.
You might use your mood board to set goals for things you'd like to achieve. I want to read at least 30 books this year.
4．________. Maybe it's your classroom, a playground, or a comfortable corner at home. You can put photos of that place on your mood board, or choose photos that remind you of it. I used this photo of West Virginia, where I grew up.
Not everything on your mood board has to serve a purpose or be connected to your life. Choose some photos just because you like them. 5.________.
A. This is also a good time to think about happy things B. It's anything that encourages you or makes you happy C. One step to start is with some of your favorite things D. Every time I look at these photos, they make me smile E. Think about a place that makes you feel safe and happy F. You'll also need old magazines, greeting cards, and photographs
角度3 自我认识、自我管理、自我提升
Passage 7(2023山西)
Courage is often thought to be one of the important spirits everyone needs. Then what is courage？1.________ One isn't necessarily born with courage, but one is born with potential(潜力). Kids build courage as they are growing up.
Many people talk about connections between courage and fear. 2.________ If there is no fear, there is no need for courage. That is to say, courage is the ability to do what makes you feel afraid. Courage doesn't only mean great actions such as saving one's life or taking a big risk. 3.________ For example, we show courage when we raise our hand to answer a hard question during class or try a new sport.
Courage is in everyday choices we make. Can you be kind to the new kid in class 4.________ Or can you stand up for someone in need？Often, these things don't come with praise, but they need courage.
5．________ When we become brave enough to face failure, we'll be more willing to try new things and try again after we fail. Courage doesn't always shout. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says，“I'll try again tomorrow.”
A. You should learn to speak in public. B. It is the ability to do something difficult. C. Courage always stands side by side with fear. D. Can you listen to the new person in your group E. Learning to fail is another important part of courage. F. Courage also means the smaller actions of our everyday lives.
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
子主题4 社会热点
Passage 8(2023宜宾)
In July, 2022, China introduced the “double reduction” policy(双减政策). It hopes to reduce schoolwork burden on primary and junior school students. The policy calls for reducing homework and after school classes. So making a careful and available homework plan for yourselves is important. 1.________
Be sure to remember your homework.
2．________ Be sure to ask some questions about your homework if you want to understand what homework to do at home.
Try to finish your homework at school.
You can spend some time working on your homework in your classroom. If you finish much homework in school, you don't need to do a lot at home. Many schools have studying rooms for students to do their homework.3.________ It's fun for them to play with their classmates after class.
4．________
If you don't finish your homework at school, think about how much homework you have and what else you need to do on that day, and then pace(调整) yourself. Most school students have between 1 and 1.5 hours of homework a night. If you don't have too much homework at home, you can enjoy yourself more, or you'll have to say sorry to your game shows or films on TV. 5.________
A. Plan your time well. B. It can help you to do your homework better. C. You can spend more time taking part in activities. D. After that，they can stay in school and relax themselves. E. Write it down in your notebook in order to remember it. F. You can't have a good time at home with homework undone.
人与自然——自然生态
子主题5 与动植物和谐共生
Passage 9(2023南充)
The Unity(和谐) of Man and Nature
The “unity of man and nature” is necessary and important in the cultural tradition of China. The Chinese believe in the unity of man and nature, a basic way to their philosophy(哲学) of life. 1.________ They are also celebrated for nature.
2．________ Zhuangzi, for example, believed “Heaven(天) and earth are parents to all things in the world”. The beauty of nature is to “give birth to all things” and “let all things grow”， while the duty of humans is to “make all things perfect”. Heaven, earth, and humans should be one in unity. 3.________ They are necessary to each other, so they should treat each other with kindness.
The idea of unity of man and nature has been in the heart of Chinese people.4.________ In most provinces of China, some rules have been made to reduce pollution. Many power stations that produce and provide safe and clean electricity have been built. 5.________
Most of the Chinese, especially the young, are willing to protect the natural environment. China is now working with all other countries to make the earth a better place to live.
A. Each of the three has its own way. B. The power is from water, wind, and sunlight. C. There are plenty of great people in the history of China. D. The ancient Chinese never placed themselves above nature. E. It encourages modern Chinese to take action to protect natural environment. F. Most traditional Chinese festivals build a right order of relationships among humans.
人与自然——环境保护
子主题6 绿色生活，保护环境
Passage 10(2023赤峰)
Every year there are endless talks and suggestions on how to protect the environment. As for students, what should we do 1.________
Plant Trees
The most important method to protect the environment is to plant trees. Trees may take longer to grow, but they serve the next generation(一代). 2.________
Save Water
Water is life. What we should do is to save water. 3.________ The more time we take, the more water we are likely to use. As we brush our teeth, turn off the tap.
Limit Car Use
4．________ It may not be as comfortable as the car, but we will make a significant contribution to protecting the environment.
Reduce Food Waste
Research shows that food that goes to waste in the world every year, is enough to feed almost a billion hungry people. 5.________ We can make a list of the food we are going to buy, and never order much more than we need in the restaurant.
We depend on the environment for living, and the environment depends on us for living as well. As long as we keep on doing the simple things, we can protect the environment better.
A. Reduce the time we take a bath. B. Turn off computers and lights which are not in use. C. Luckily, there are measures we can take to reduce food waste. D. Here are four amazing ways about protecting the environment. E. Trees provide shade(阴凉处) and reduce the need for air conditioner. F. We can choose biking, walking or public transport instead of a personal car.
答案详解详析
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1 家庭生活
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了父母是我们生命中非常重要的老师，但不一定总是最好的老师。
1. B 【解析】根据下句“Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上)．”可知，此处应是表示转折，表示父母不一定总是最好的老师。结合备选项可知，B项符合语境。故选B。
2. E 【解析】根据上句“Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector.”及下句“However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.”可知，此处应指出it所指代的内容。结合备选项可知，E项符合语境。故选E。
3. A 【解析】根据下句“But what if their child's true love is art or writing, or car repair？”可知，此处介绍的是父母强迫孩子培养某种兴趣爱好。结合备选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
4. F 【解析】根据下句“But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.”可知，此处是说小时候的情况。结合备选项可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
5. D 【解析】根据本段首句“The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives.”可知，此处介绍生活中有哪些渠道可以教给我们东西。结合备选项可知，D项符合语境。故选D。
子主题2 乐学善学，勤学善思
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了头脑风暴是提出想法或解决方案的实践，以及成功地进行头脑风暴必须遵循的一些规则。
1. C 【解析】根据下句“But we do have some rules to follow for successful brainstorming.”并分析备选项可知，C项“头脑风暴没有正确的方法。”与下句可构成转折关系，符合此处语境。故选C。
2. D 【解析】根据下句“Remember that your goal is to come up with as many ideas as possible.”并分析备选项可知，D项“只要说出或写下出现在脑海中的任何想法。”符合此处语境。故选D。
3. F 【解析】根据上句“Encourage big or unusual ideas.”可知，此处内容与不寻常的想法相关。分析备选项可知，F项“不要放弃你的想法，无论它们看起来多么奇怪。”符合此处语境。故选F。
4. A 【解析】根据本段内容可知，本段与和其他人分享你的想法有关。分析备选项可知，A项“互相分享想法。”符合此处语境。故选A。
5. B 【解析】根据下句“Even if you don't find the perfect solution, just practicing it can help to improve your creativity.”并分析备选项可知，B项“头脑风暴可以帮助释放想法。”符合此处语境。故选B。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要就如何增强记忆力给出了几条建议。
1. B 【解析】根据上文中的“please follow me”可知，此处应该是承上启下的语句。结合备选项内容可知，B项符合语境。故选B。
2. F 【解析】根据上文中的“and then a month later”可知，此处应该介绍一个月后的情况，结合备选项内容可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
3. A 【解析】根据上文“On the one hand, it will help you concentrate on(专注于) the most important parts.”可知，此处应该介绍另一方面的好处。结合备选项内容可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
4. C 【解析】根据下文“One good time for memorizing information is in the evening.”可知，此处应该是和记忆时间相关的语句，结合备选项内容可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
5. E 【解析】根据上文“The other good time is in the morning because you have just rested and your brain is fresh and clear.”可知，此处应该是和早上记忆相关的语句。结合备选项内容可知，E项符合语境。故选E。
人与自我——做人与做事
子主题3 做身心健康的人
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在好朋友杰克的影响下决定做出改变，最终成功建立自信，实现梦想的故事。文章旨在告诉我们：有志者，事竟成。
1. B 【解析】根据下句“I asked him why the guitar was in his room.”可知，杰克从来不弹吉他。结合备选项可知，B项符合语境。此处为“the guitar”的词汇复现。故选B。
2. F 【解析】根据后半句中的“but now”可知，此处应该是说杰克过去没有足够的信心。结合备选项可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
3. A 【解析】根据下句“That was because I was not good at writing.”可知，此处应是与作者不擅长写作导致的结果相关的内容。结合备选项可知，A项符合语境。A项中的“writer”和下句中的“writing”相呼应。故选A。
4. C 【解析】根据上句中的“something”并结合备选项可知，此处应是举例子说明作者的具体行动，C项符合语境。故选C。
5. D 【解析】根据上句中的“my writing skills have improved a lot”可知，此处应与写作技能提升的具体表现相关。结合备选项可知，D项符合语境。故选D。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为我们介绍了减少考试压力的一些小贴士。
1. E 【解析】根据空后一段第一句“The best way to deal with exam stress is to have a good study plan.”及最后一句“And don't wait until the last minute to study everything.”可知，本段主要告诉我们要做好计划，尽早开始准备。结合备选项可知，E项符合语境。故选E。
2. C 【解析】根据空后一段第四句“Ask your teacher for help.”可知，本段主要与向老师寻求帮助有关。结合备选项可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
3. D 【解析】根据空后一段第一句“Your body needs exercise for your brain to work better.”可知，本段主要与身体和头脑健康有关。结合备选项可知，D项符合语境。故选D。
4. A 【解析】根据空后一段的内容可知，本段主要与吃好、睡好有关。结合备选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
5. F 【解析】根据空后一段第一、二句“Finally, if you have followed all this advice and you still feel stressed, then don't keep it a secret.Talk to someone...how you feel. ”可知，如果还有压力，不要保密，要说出来。结合备选项可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了制作情绪板的作用以及方法。
1. B 【解析】根据上文“A fun way to put yourself in a good mood(情绪) is by creating a mood board.”可知，上文引出了“a mood board”，接下来肯定要介绍mood board。分析备选项可知，B项符合语境。故选B。
2. F 【解析】根据前句“To create your own mood board, you'll need a soft board or a cardboard.”可知，此处介绍了制作情绪板所需要的东西。分析备选项可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
3. C 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Here, Shay Maunz uses Moore's tips to create a mood board and offers tips on how you can make your own.”可知，此处应是结合事例为大家介绍制作情绪板的步骤。分析备选项可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
4. E 【解析】根据后句“Maybe it's your classroom, a playground, or a comfortable corner at home.”可知，此处介绍的都是地点。分析备选项可知，E项符合语境。故选E。
5. A 【解析】根据上文“Not everything on your mood board has to serve a purpose or be connected to your life. Choose some photos just because you like them.”可知，并不是情绪板上的每一件事都要达到目的或与你的生活相关。可以选择一些仅仅是因为你喜欢的照片。分析备选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了勇气是什么以及勇气在我们成长中的重要作用。文章旨在鼓励我们无论遇到什么事，都要勇敢去面对。
1. B 【解析】根据空前问句“Then what is courage？”可知，空处是对这个问题的阐释，根据第二段中的“Courage doesn't only mean great actions such as saving one's life or taking a big risk.”并结合备选项可知，B项符合语境，为“ability”的同词复现。故选B。
2. C 【解析】根据空后一句“If there is no fear, there is no need for courage.”可知，此句与空处所填句为递进关系，空处应概述勇气和恐惧之间的关系，结合备选项可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
3. F 【解析】根据空前一句“Courage doesn't only mean great actions such as saving one's life or taking a big risk.”并结合备选项可知，F项符合语境，前后为递进关系。故选F。
4. D 【解析】根据空前“Can you be kind to the new kid in class？”和空后“Or can you stand up for someone in need？”并结合备选项可知，D项符合语境，和前后句为并列关系。故选D。
5. E 【解析】根据空后句“...try again after we fail.”可知，空处应是引出面对失败的话题，结合备选项可知，E项符合语境为“fail”的同词复现。故选E。
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
子主题4 社会热点
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“双减”政策背景下学生如何对自己的作业做详尽合理的规划。
1. B 【解析】结合前文“So making a careful and available homework plan for yourselves is important.”及空处所处位置可知，此处应进一步介绍合理安排做家庭作业的重要性，结合备选项可知，B项“它能帮你更好地完成作业。”符合语境。故选B。
2. E 【解析】结合本段小标题“Be sure to remember your homework.”可知，此处内容与记住作业有关，结合备选项可知，E项“为了记住它，在你的笔记本上写下来。”符合语境。故选E。
3. D 【解析】结合前文“If you finish much homework in school, you don't need to do a lot at home.”及后文“It's fun for them to play with their classmates after class.”可知，此处表示学生作业做完后还能待在学校，结合备选项可知，D项“在这之后，他们可以待在学校放松自己。”符合语境。故选D。
4. A 【解析】空处为小标题。结合本段内容可知，本段内容是关于合理安排时间的，结合备选项可知，A项“安排好你的时间。”符合语境。故选A。
5. F 【解析】结合本段内容可知，此处是介绍没有在学校完成作业的后果，结合备选项可知，F项“如果有未完成的作业，你就不能在家玩得开心。”符合语境。故选F。
人与自然——自然生态
子主题5 与动植物和谐共生
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国传统文化中，人与自然和谐相处是很重要的，保护环境的理念也深入人心。
1. F 【解析】根据下文“They are also celebrated for nature.”可知，空处内容应与中国传统节日有关。分析备选项可知，F项符合语境。故选F。
2. D 【解析】根据下文“Zhuangzi, for example, believed‘Heaven(天) and earth are parents to all things in the world'.”可知，此处内容应与介绍古代人如何看待“天人合一”的关系相关。分析备选项可知，D项符合语境。故选D。
3. A 【解析】根据上文“Heaven, earth, and humans should be one in unity.”可知，此处应介绍天、地、人三方的关系。分析备选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
4. E 【解析】根据下文“In most provinces of China, some rules have been made to reduce pollution.”可知，空处内容应与保护环境相关。分析备选项可知，E项符合语境。故选E。
5. B 【解析】根据上文“Many power stations that produce and provide safe and clean electricity have been built.”可知，空处内容应与能源相关。分析备选项可知，B项符合语境。故选B。
人与自然——环境保护
子主题6 绿色生活，保护环境
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了保护环境的四种方法。
1. D 【解析】根据上句“As for students, what should we do？”及下文给出的四个方法可知，空处有承上启下的作用。D项“这里有四种保护环境的神奇方法。”符合语境。故选D。
2. E 【解析】根据上句“Trees may take longer to grow, but they serve the next generation(一代)．”可知，此处内容与树木相关。E项“树木提供阴凉处并减少对空调的需求。”符合语境。故选E。
3. A 【解析】根据上句“What we should do is to save water.”可知，此处内容与节约用水相关。A项“减少我们洗澡的时间。”符合语境。故选A。
4. F 【解析】根据下句“It may not be as comfortable as the car, but we will make a significant contribution to protecting the environment.”可知，此处内容与交通工具相关。F项“我们可以选择骑自行车、步行或公共交通工具而不是私家车。”符合语境。故选F。
5. C 【解析】根据上句“Research shows that food that goes to waste in the world every year, is enough to feed almost a billion hungry people.”可知，此处应是与浪费食物相关。C项“幸运的是，我们可以采取一些措施来减少食物浪费。”符合语境。故选C。
