2023-2024学年度（上）周口恒大中学高二12月考试
英语试题
考试时间：100分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Activities Information
The Mile High Country Q & Brew
Mile High Station | 6:00-10:00 pm.
Hosted by Tennyson Center for Children, this country music experience will bring Coloradans together to help kids and families have a better life. Enjoy a show by rising country music star Adam Doleac paired with BBQ, drinks and more.
Information and tickets at qandbrew22..
Monarch Ball Colorado 2022
ISTBANK Center | 6:00-10:00 p.m.
Join us at Butterfly Garden’s yearly party supporting invertebrate (无脊椎动物) protection. Take a magical walk through our Monarch Menagerie full of live monarch butterflies and enjoy a seated dinner, live music, and dancing!
Information and tickets at MonarchBallColorado.org.
Blue Hope Party Colorado
The Seawell Ballroom at the DCPA | 5:30 p.m.
Screen, Care, and Cure (治疗) are the three basics guiding the Colorectal Cancer Alliance’s work and are important to ending colorectal cancer (结直肠癌) in our lifetime. Join the Alliance at the Denver Bash and enjoy dinner, music and exciting games.
Information and tickets at ccalliance.org.
Boulderthon
Boulder, CO | Various start times
Run the Signature Boulder Marathon! Epic (宏大的) finish and After-Party Downtown. Named one of the best new marathons in Colorado. Experience the only course to enjoy wonderful views of the foothills and the first-ever finish line on the Peal Street Mall. Now in 2022: 5k, 10k, and Kids Run! Information and tickets at boulderthon.org.
1．Who would most probably take part in The Mile High Country Q & Brew
A．Teacher. B．Music lovers. C．Farmers. D．Sports stars.
2．What can guests do at Monarch Ball Colorado 2022
A．Get close to butterflies. B．Attend a dance festival.
C．Enjoy running outdoors. D．Lear knowledge of health.
3．What do the listed activities have in common
A．They host big games. B．They start at 6.00 p.m.
C．They are free for visitors. D．They take place in Colorado.
B
For decades, common wisdom held that how much we eat and exercise determines our weight. As researchers learned more about the human body, they discovered that what people eat plays an important role in weight gain and loss. This led to a wide range of dietary recommendations. Don’t eat fats. Avoid sugars. Eat protein at every meal.
Now researchers are discovering another factor that influences health and weight gain—when we eat. A growing body of evidence finds that the time of day when we consume calories affects weight gain and overall health.
The most recent study to support this idea was published this summer in the “Journal of Nutrition”. Data from the study came from broad questionnaires that explore the links between lifestyle, diet and disease.
Researchers found that participants who ate three meals a day and snacked between meals tended to gain weight over time, while those who ate one or two meals a day tended to lose weight. What’s more, participants who made breakfast their largest meal were less likely to be overweight compared to those who ate their largest meal at lunch or dinner. Those who ate breakfast were more likely to be a healthy weight compared to those who skipped breakfast.
The evidence on the benefits of having a big breakfast is strong enough that the American Heart Association has announced a statement that planning and timing meals and snacks is a healthier way of eating, and likely reduces the risk factors for heart disease. The statement stressed that eating breakfast is helpful in preventing diabetes.
“Meal timing may affect health due to its effect on the body’s internal clock,” said Marie Pierre St-Onge, Ph.D．, an associate professor of nutritional medicine at Columbia University in New York City. She also explained that planning meals and snacks can help prevent emotional eating. “Many people find that emotions can cause desire to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to eating too many calories from foods that have low nutritional value,” she said.
The take-home message here is pretty clear. Breakfast truly may be the most important meal of the day. Consuming more calories in the morning and fewer as the day goes on is an effective way to keep a healthy weight.
4．The first paragraph suggests that _______.
A．exercise makes us healthy and eat more B．if we don’t eat sugars, we will lose weight
C．we should avoid eating protein at every meal D．dietary habits are closely related to our weight
5．Researchers found that_________.
A．having breakfast can cure diabetes B．meal times may have an effect on health
C．snacking may reduce the risk of heart diseases D．eating habits can cure your emotional problems
6．What do the underlined words “take-home message” in the last paragraph mean
A．Conclusion. B．Decision. C．Conversation. D．Information.
7．The writer of the passage aims to ________.
A．examine the history of breakfast development B．stress the benefit of eating dinner and snacks
C．explain the importance of breakfast D．promote the idea of healthy food
C
My mother always told me, “You should explore your own country before stepping out into the world.” However, it seems like a tough mission to travel all across its expansive surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevor, Joel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the opportunity and secured four tickets on the great Canadian railroad.
For a group of 20-year-olds, this was like the first flight of young birds from the nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day adventure from Sudbury to Vancouver was to begin. Eyes baggy from lack of sleep, we jumped on board as if it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. Although the thought of three full days on those tracks covering close to 3, 000 kilometres crushed our spirits a little, what happened next caught us by surprise.
The three days on board turned into a summer camp on rails. At night, we would climb up the glass-domed train car, which gave us a scenic view of the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution. Before we knew it, the warm sun rays beating down on our faces woke us up for another day on the rails. To my surprise, a sea of golden grain fields dominated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Another day slipped away and we set up for another night in the dome (圆顶状物). And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memorable light show left everyone in the glass bubble in complete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rocky Mountains was one of the most surreal experiences of my life. Before the train adventure, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. That is no longer true. I’ve learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.
8．What has made the author’s train adventure across Canada a reality
A．The encouragement given by his mother.
B．The discount ticket offered by Via Rail Canada.
C．The appeal of the scenic views in the country.
D．His great courage to challenge a tough mission.
9．What can we infer about the young people from Paragraph 2
A．They left their parents for the first time in their life.
B．They never thought of having a train adventure.
C．They were hooked by the magic story of Harry Potter.
D．They were excited about the coming train journey.
10．What does “the glass bubble” in the fourth paragraph refer to
A．The glass-domed train car. B．The sightseeing tour.
C．A state of excitement. D．A summer camp on the train.
11．What did the author learn from the train adventure across Canada
A．The destination is what matters.
B．Adventurous journey attracts young people.
C．Enjoying a journey counts a lot.
D．The traveling experience is not real to him.
D
For the first time, China’s South Pole researchers can eat fresh vegetables grown regularly, according to Wang Zheng, the grower, who came home last month after a 400 -day mission in Antarctica.
“Growing vegetables in Antarctica reminded me of The Martian, a sci fi movie about an astronaut who survives alone on the Mars by eating potatoes he grows there,” Wang said on Friday. “I totally understand the main character of the movie. I understand how he feels when he watches a small green plant grow in a fragile man made environment,” said the 40 -year old doctor. But he admitted that the conditions he faced in the Antarctic were much better than those in the film.
Wang said the growth chamber (生长室) at the Zhongshan Station, had only a low yield when it was established in 2013. The amount was too small to make it possible for researchers to have vegetable dishes. To increase the yield, he reduced the number of vegetable varieties and focused on only some fast growing ones, which makes the output stable. As a result, during much of his stay there, at least one vegetable dish, such as cucumbers, lettuce or cabbage, was served at every meal for a group of 18 researchers.
Wang, an orthopedist, said he knew nothing about botany or farming before he arrived at the station in December, 2014. “I was given this job probably because my office is next to the growth chamber, and as a doctor, I had more spare time than others,” Wang said. He considered many factors, such as light, temperature and humidity. Light music is played in the 16 -square meter greenhouse around the clock. “Mild music is good for vegetable growth,” he said. “We also played Buddhist music, which has soft melody.”
“Growers before me did very good work. My job was to maintain the chamber and keep everything working.” Before the harvest, researchers had a very limited vegetable supply—mostly potatoes and cabbage, which taste awful after months of storage. “Because of our success in growing vegetables, we can have fresh vegetables every day,” he said. “The Russian station is no more than one kilometer away from ours. We even had enough vegetables to invite our Russian colleagues for dinner.”
12．About Wang Zheng, which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Before Wang Zheng, researchers in South Pole have no vegetables to eat.
B．He stayed in Antarctica for more than a year before he came back home.
C．His idea of growing vegetables in Antarctica comes from an astronaut.
D．He was sent to breed vegetables because he is an expert in it.
13．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Wetness. B．Personality. C．Soil. D．Heat.
14．Which of the following factors is not necessary for vegetable growth
A．Light. B．Temperature. C．Humidity. D．Mild music.
15．What can we know according to the last paragraph
A．The former growers did not do as well as Wang did.
B．Chinese and Russian researchers get on well with each other.
C．Cabbage and potatoes are not suitable for cooking.
D．The Russian station is far away from the Chinese station.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
5G mobile technology has officially begun rolling out across the globe, which indicates a dynamic acceleration (加速) in our world of connectivity. It promotes operational cooperation tourism hasn't experienced before. 16 This is perceived from both the way the industry operates and the side of the traveler.
17 It's expected to offer organizations a wireless network that transforms the way people and machines use data. Unlike previous network generations, 5G is now being seen as not just a consumer platform, but a primary communications platform that can also provide cloud connectivity and edge processing that can offer real-time business insights and automated responses, and eventually integrate the billions of internet of things devices and data that are available.
As travel companies have transformed their operations with new digital systems, their focus has moved from the technology itself to the improved business outcomes and enhanced guest and passenger experiences driven by the technology. 18 With advanced connectivity speeds and low latency (延时), guests can share their personal data to receive custom recommendations from travel companies in real time that should provide meaningful experiences. 19 For example, guests can involve themselves in viewing rooms and hotel facilities, or preview local attractions as they plan their trips.
To prepare to roll out this new technology, travel companies should ensure they have a thorough understanding of their guests’ expectations on what makes a first-rank travel experience. 20
A．It also transforms the travel experience.
B．5G's capabilities can support that change.
C．5G offers significant security guarantee definitely.
D．However, people haven't got well prepared for the 5G era.
E．Virtual experiences give guests an early taste of the destination.
F．5G opens up a new way of accessing information and delivering business value.
G．Then they should find ways to adapt their processes and services to meet them.
第二部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How to get all the toothpaste out of the tube
A GNARLED TOOTHPASTE tube, squeezed and twisted out of shape in a vain attempt to extract its remaining contents, haunts many a bathroom. But not, perhaps, for much longer. Colgate-Palmolive, an American consumer-goods giant, has 21 an invention by a pair of experts in super-slippery surfaces to produce toothpaste tubes that promise to deliver every last scrap of their contents.
In 2012 Kripa Varanasi, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Dave Smith, his PhD student, set up a company called LiquiGlide to 22 their work on making liquids flow more easily through pipes and out of containers. What caught many people’s imaginations at the time was a demonstration of how this could be used to empty a ketchup bottle without shaking it 23 .
So far, ketchup-makers have not 24 the idea. But the health and beauty industry, where products tend to be 25 than ketchup, is interested. Mibelle Group, a Swiss producer of health-care and beauty products, 26 the technology to lessen the amount of material left stuck to the insides of pipes and vessels in its factories when it is time for a clean-up. LiquiGlide’s 27 with Colgate is, though, the firm’s first big break into a consumer business.
The new toothpaste, called Elixir, comes in three 28 : a formula for whitening teeth, one for gum and enamel care and a “detox” version which, it is claimed, removes 29 from the mouth. All are 30 in plastic tubes that can be emptied with ease. Elixir has gone on sale in Europe, though no decision has yet been made about whether it will be sold elsewhere.
To produce their slippery pipes and containers, Dr Varanasi and Dr Smith first 31 a microscopically textured pattern on them and then apply a suitably formulated liquid. This fills the gaps in the texture, creating a surface across which gooey substances slide easily.
Besides pleasing customers who like to get their money’s worth, the new, slippery toothpaste tubes should help with recycling. 32 tubes are rarely recycled, not only because they have residue left inside them but also because they are usually made from a laminate of plastic and aluminium foil. Mixed materials of this sort are hard to recycle, and therefore end up being dumped in landfill.
33 their success with toothpaste, Dr Varanasi and Dr Smith have not given up on food producers. Besides ketchup, their slippery surfaces also 34 the dispensing of products such as mayonnaise (蛋黄酱), and may help, too, with things like hummus and soured cream that have a thicker consistency and which usually come in tubes. They have, for instance, carried out a(n) 35 putting cream cheese into a squeezy bottle with a slot-shaped dispenser. “You get this perfect strip of cream cheese right on your bagel,” enthuses Dr Smith.
21．A．taken on B．taken up C．taken down D．taken off
22．A．communicate B．customize C．commercialize D．commute
23．A．smoothly B．individually C．mechanically D．vigorously
24．A．embraced B．suggested C．proposed D．rejected
25．A．superior B．pricier C．healthier D．rougher
26．A．advises B．refuses C．employs D．spares
27．A．deal B．souvenir C．match D．acquisition
28．A．amounts B．levels C．sources D．varieties
29．A．impurities B．wastes C．holes D．rooms
30．A．stuck B．packaged C．dipped D．withdrawn
31．A．surround B．release C．impose D．build
32．A．Artificial B．Sufficient C．Existing D．Temporary
33．A．After B．Unlike C．Despite D．Regarding
34．A．aid B．include C．promote D．launch
35．A．instruction B．movement C．parallel D．trial
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
Roujiamo,also called rougamo, is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its 36 (compare) to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning.
Roujiamo is 37 (close) associated with the north-central city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more-or-less successive Chinese 38 (dynasty).
Traditionally, Roujiamo mainly consists of two parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo dates back 39 the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general, 40 (owe) to Ban Chao, a Chinese general who spent over 30 years battling 41 union of nomadic(游牧的)tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from 42 is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike 43 used in the Xi’an style. Tongguan roujiamo, 44 (name) after a town that, in days long past, guarded a strategic pass roughly 120km east of Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavor, it’s risky 45 (eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting, regardless of the potential consequences for one’s clothes and dry-cleaning budget.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
请你用英语与你的同学分享你的一次难忘的旅游经历，要点包括：
1. 旅游过程；2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 词数：80左右。
I’m glad to share a truly unforgettable travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday with you.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This is what I want to share with you.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon we would lose everything. It was on this day that I learned the true lesson of sharing and witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life.
I was in the kitchen making lunch for the family when I saw my six-year old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. I could only see his back. He wasn't walking with his usual steps. He was obviously walking with great effort... trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house. I went back to make sandwiches, thinking that whatever he had been doing was completed. Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.
He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill (溅出) the water he held in them. I stepped close as he went into the woods. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He might have a much greater purpose, I thought. As I came closer, I saw the most amazing sight. Several large deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them, at the sight of which I almost screamed for him to get away. A huge buck (雄鹿) was dangerously close. But the buck neither threatened him nor even moved as Billy knelt down. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lifting its head with great effort to lap (舔) up the water cupped in my boy's hands.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
Paragraph 1:
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. I followed him back to the tap.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
This time I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个活动。
1．推理判断题。根据The Mile High Country Q & Brew部分中的“this country music experience”（这个乡村音乐体验）以及“Enjoy a show by rising country music star Adam Doleac”（欣赏乡村音乐新星Adam Doleac的演唱）可知，The Mile High Country Q & Brew活动非常适合音乐爱好者参加。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Monarch Ball Colorado 2022部分中的“Take a magical walk through our Monarch Menagerie full of live monarch butterflies”（在满是活帝王蝶的帝王动物园里进行一次神奇的漫步）可知，宾客们在Monarch Ball Colorado 2022活动中可以近距离接触到帝王蝶(monarch butterflies)。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据The Mile High Country Q & Brew部分中的“bring Coloradans together”（把科罗拉多人聚集在一起）、Monarch Ball Colorado 2022、Blue Hope Party Colorado以及Boulderthon部分中的“in Colorado”（在科罗拉多）可知，这四个活动都在Colorado举办。故选D。
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了饮食习惯与我们的体重密切相关，现在，研究人员正在发现另一个影响健康和体重增加的因素——我们吃东西的时候。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究发现早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“For decades, common wisdom held that how much we eat and exercise determines our weight. As researchers learned more about the human body, they discovered that what people eat plays an important role in weight gain and loss. This led to a wide range of dietary recommendations. Don’t eat fats. Avoid sugars. Eat protein at every meal. (几十年来，人们普遍认为，我们的饮食和锻炼决定了我们的体重。随着研究人员对人体的了解越来越多，他们发现人们的饮食对体重的增加和减少起着重要的作用。这导致了广泛的饮食建议。不要吃脂肪。避免糖。每餐都吃蛋白质)”可推知，第一段表明饮食习惯与我们的体重密切相关。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Researchers found that participants who ate three meals a day and snacked between meals tended to gain weight over time, while those who ate one or two meals a day tended to lose weight.(研究人员发现，每天吃三餐、两餐之间吃零食的参与者随着时间的推移，体重往往会增加，而那些每天吃一餐或两餐的人往往会减肥)”可知，研究人员发现吃饭次数可能对健康有影响。故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Breakfast truly may be the most important meal of the day. Consuming more calories in the morning and fewer as the day goes on is an effective way to keep a healthy weight.”可知，早餐可能是一天中最重要的一餐，早上摄入更多的卡路里，随着时间的推移摄入更少的卡路里是保持健康体重的有效方法，这些是研究最后得出的“结论”。故画线词意思是“结论”。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Breakfast truly may be the most important meal of the day. Consuming more calories in the morning and fewer as the day goes on is an effective way to keep a healthy weight.(早餐可能是一天中最重要的一餐。早上摄入更多的卡路里，随着时间的推移摄入更少的卡路里是保持健康体重的有效方法)”结合文章主要说明了饮食习惯与我们的体重密切相关，现在，研究人员正在发现另一个影响健康和体重增加的因素——我们吃东西的时候。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究发现早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。可推知，这篇文章的作者旨在解释早餐的重要性。故选C。
8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和朋友乘坐火车穿越加拿大的经历，描述了他们在路途中的所见所闻和感受。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, it seems like a tough mission to travel all across its expansive surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July. The ticket was a bargain $150.(然而，穿越它广阔的表面似乎是一项艰巨的任务。但对我来说幸运的是，Via Rail Canada为18至25岁的年轻人提供了在7月份乘坐火车穿越加拿大的机会。票价便宜到150美元。)”可知，是加拿大Via铁路公司提供的折扣票让作者穿越加拿大的火车冒险变成了现实。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“For a group of 20-year-olds, this was like the first flight of young birds from the nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day adventure from Sudbury to Vancouver was to begin. Eyes baggy from lack of sleep, we jumped on board as if it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter.(对于一群20多岁的年轻人来说，这就像是雏鸟第一次从巢里飞出来。当我们早上到达火车站时，我们从Sudbury到Vancouver的22天冒险就要开始了。由于睡眠不足，我们的眼睛都肿了起来，我们跳上了火车，就好像是《哈利波特》里开往霍格沃茨的火车。)”可推知，年轻人对即将到来的火车旅行很兴奋。故选D。
10．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“At night, we would climb up the glass-domed train car, which gave us a scenic view of the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution.(晚上，我们会爬上玻璃圆顶车厢，在那里我们可以看到满天星斗的夜空，没有受到有害的光污染。)”以及划线短语上文And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memorable light show left everyone可知，这次迎接我们的是描绘着梦幻般的雷雨的夜空。闪电以令人难以置信的速度袭来。壮观而难忘的光影秀让“the glass bubble”里的每个人都难以置信。由此可知，“the glass bubble”指的是玻璃穹顶的火车车厢。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.(我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。)”可推知，作者从穿越加拿大的火车冒险中学到了享受一段旅程很重要。故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国南极研究人员自己培育出新鲜蔬菜的事。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“For the first time, China's South Pole researchers can eat fresh vegetables grown regularly, according to Wang Zheng, the grower, who came home last month after a 400 day mission in Antarctica. (中国的南极研究人员第一次可以吃到经常种植的新鲜蔬菜了，上个月结束了400天的南极任务回国的种植者王征说。)”可知，种植者王征在南极洲执行了400天的任务。由此可知，B选项“他在南极洲待了一年多才回家”的描述正确，故选B。
13．词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句“He considered many factors, such as light, temperature and humidity. (他考虑了许多因素，如光线、温度和humidity。)”并结合常识可知，种植蔬菜需要考虑光纤、温度和湿度等。由此可知，划线词意为“湿度”，和wetness同义。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“‘Mild music is good for vegetable growth,’ he said. (柔和的音乐有利于蔬菜的生长。)”推知，“柔和的音乐”是有利条件，而不是必需条件，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The Russian station is no more than one kilometer away from ours. We even had enough vegetables to invite our Russian colleagues for dinner. (俄罗斯站离我们不超过一公里。我们甚至有足够的蔬菜邀请我们的俄罗斯同事共进晚餐。)”推知，中国的研究人员和俄罗斯的研究人员相处得很好，故选B。
16．A 17．F 18．B 19．E 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了5G技术的发展给旅游行业带来的运作方式上改变。它不仅改变人和机器使用数据的方式。旅游业的重点也已经从技术本身转移到改善业务成果和提高由技术驱动的旅客和旅客体验上。
16．根据上文“It promotes operational cooperation tourism hasn't experienced before. (它促进了前所未有的旅游运营合作)”及下文“This is perceived from both the way the industry operates and the side of the traveler. (从行业的运作方式和游客的角度都可以看出这一点)”可以推知，空处应该是讲5G给旅游行业带来的改变。A项“It also transforms the travel experience. (它还改变了人们的旅行体验)”句意与上下文连贯，且It also与上文中的It相互承接，符合题意，故选A项。
17．根据下文“It's expected to offer organizations a wireless network that transforms the way people and machines use data. Unlike previous network generations, 5G is now being seen as not just a consumer platform, but a primary communications platform that can also provide cloud connectivity and edge processing that can offer real-time business insights and automated responses, and eventually integrate the billions of internet of things devices and data that are available.(它有望为企业提供一个无线网络，改变人和机器使用数据的方式。与前几代网络不同，5G现在不仅被视为一个消费平台，而且是一个主要的通信平台，它还可以提供云连接和边缘处理，可以提供实时业务洞察和自动响应，并最终整合数十亿的物联网设备和数据)”可知，本段主旨是在讲5G在通信方面带来的改变。F项“5G opens up a new way of accessing information and delivering business value.(5G开辟了一种访问信息和交付业务价值的新方式)”符合题意，故选F项。
18．根据上文“As travel companies have transformed their operations with new digital systems, their focus has moved from the technology itself to the improved business outcomes and enhanced guest and passenger experiences driven by the technology.(随着旅游公司用新的数字系统改变了他们的运营方式，他们的重点已经从技术本身转移到改善业务成果和提高由技术驱动的旅客和旅客体验上)”及下文“With advanced connectivity speeds and low latency (延时), guests can share their personal data to receive custom recommendations from travel companies in real time that should provide meaningful experiences.(凭借先进的连接速度和低延时数据，客人可以实时分享他们的定制建议，这些建议可以提供有意义的体验)”可以推知，先进的连接速度与低延时数据是5G网络具有的优点，应该是5G使之发生改变。B项“5G's capabilities can support that change.(5G的能力可以支持这一改变)”与上下文相呼应，符合题意，故选B项。
19．根据下文“For example, guests can involve themselves in viewing rooms and hotel facilities, or preview local attractions as they plan their trips. (例如，客人可以参与参观房间和酒店设施，或者在计划行程时预览当地景点)”可知，空处应该是讲客人可以用网络技术提前体验旅游设施。E项“Virtual experiences give guests an early taste of the destination.(虚拟体验可以让客人提前体验目的地)”与下文意思承接，且guests与下文guests相呼应。符合题意，故选E项。
20．根据上文“To prepare to roll out this new technology, travel companies should ensure they have a thorough understanding of their guests’ expectations on what makes a first-rank travel experience. (为了准备推出这项新技术，旅游公司应该确保彻底了解客人对一流旅游体验的期望)”可以推知，下文应该是旅游公司在了解客人对旅游体验的期望后所采取的措施。G.项“Then they should find ways to adapt their processes and services to meet them.(然后，他们可以找到调整流程和服务以满足这些需求的方法)”为旅游公司采取的措施，符合题意，故选G项。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是美国消费品巨头高露洁-棕榄公司（Colgate-Palmolive）已经采用了两位专家的一项发明，该发明可以在超滑的表面生产牙膏管，这种牙膏管承诺能将最后一丁点牙膏挤出。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国消费品巨头高露洁-棕榄公司（Colgate-Palmolive）已经采用了两位专家的一项发明，该发明可以在超滑的表面生产牙膏管，这种牙膏管承诺能将最后一丁点牙膏挤出。A. taken on呈现；B. taken up接受（建议或挑战）；C. taken down写下；D. taken off起飞。由后文的“an invention by a pair of experts in super-slippery surfaces to produce toothpaste tubes that promise to deliver every last scrap of their contents”可知，高露洁-棕榄公司（Colgate-Palmolive）采用了两位专家的一项发明，因此空格处是“接受”，故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）教授Kripa Varanasi和他的博士生Dave Smith成立了一家名为LiquiGlide的公司，将他们的使液体更容易通过管道和从容器中流出的研究成果商业化。A. communicate交流；B. customize订制；C. commercialize商业化；D. commute通勤。由前面的“set up a company called LiquiGlide”和后文的“their work on making liquids flow more easily through pipes and out of containers”可知，Kripa Varanasi和他的博士生Dave Smith是成立了一家公司来使他们的研究结果商业化，故选C。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当时吸引了很多人的想象力的是这个演示如何在不剧烈摇晃的情况下倒空番茄酱瓶子。A. smoothly平稳地；B. individually单独地；C. mechanically机械地；D. vigorously大力地。由上文的“making liquids flow more easily through pipes and out of containers”可知，他们的研究成果是使液体更容易通过管道和从容器中流出，因此此处说的演示就是在不剧烈摇晃的情况下倒空番茄酱瓶子，因此空格处是“大力地”，故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，番茄酱制造商还没有接受这个想法。A. embraced欣然接受；B. suggested建议；C. proposed提出；D. rejected拒绝。由后文的“But the health and beauty industry, where products tend to be ____5____ than ketchup, is interested”可知，but表转折，因此前面所提到的番茄酱制造商没有接受这个想法，故选A。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但健康美容行业对此很感兴趣，因为该行业的产品往往比番茄酱还贵。A. superior上级的；B. pricier价格更高的；C. healthier更健康的；D. rougher更困难的。由上文的“the health and beauty industry”和常识可知，健康美容行业的产品比番茄酱贵，故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞士的一家保健和美容产品生产商Mibelle集团利用这种技术，在清理工厂的管道和容器时，减少了残留在管道和容器内部的材料数量。A. advises建议；B. refuses拒绝；C. employs利用；D. spares抽出。由后文的“the technology to lessen the amount of material left stuck to the insides of pipes and vessels in its factories”可知，Mibelle集团利用这种技术，在清理工厂的管道和容器时，减少了残留在管道和容器内部的材料数量，故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：LiquiGlide与高露洁的交易是该公司进军消费者业务的第一次重大突破。A. deal交易；B. souvenir纪念品；C. match比赛；D. acquisition习得。由第一段的“Colgate-Palmolive, an American consumer-goods giant, has ____1____ an invention by a pair of experts in super-slippery surfaces to produce toothpaste tubes that promise to deliver every last scrap of their contents”和第二段的“set up a company called LiquiGlide to ____2____ their work on making liquids flow more easily through pipes and out of containers”可知，本句是说“LiquiGlide与高露洁的交易是该公司进军消费者业务的第一次重大突破”，故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种名为Elixir的新型牙膏有三种：一种是美白牙齿的配方，一种是牙龈和珐琅质护理配方，还有一种据称可以去除口腔杂质的“排毒”配方。A. amounts数量；B. levels水平；C. sources来源；D. varieties种类。由后文的“a formula for whitening teeth, one for gum and enamel care and a “detox” version”可知，这里说的牙膏的三个种类，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种名为Elixir的新型牙膏有三种：一种是美白牙齿的配方，一种是牙龈和珐琅质护理配方，还有一种据称可以去除口腔杂质的“排毒”配方。A. impurities杂质；B. wastes浪费；C. holes洞；D. rooms房间。由上文的“a “detox” version”可知，第三种牙膏是可以去除口腔杂质的，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的都装在塑料管里，可以很容易地倒空。A. stuck坚持；B. packaged包装；C. dipped浸；D. withdrawn撤回。由后文的“in plastic tubes that can be emptied with ease”可知，牙膏是装在塑料管里，空格处是“包装”，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了制造这些光滑的管道和容器，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士首先在它们上面加上一种显微纹理图案，然后使用一种适当配方的液体。A. surround围绕；B. release释放；C. impose加于，加上；D. build修建。由后文的“a microscopically textured pattern on them”可知，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士首先在它们上面加上一种显微纹理图案，故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现有的牙膏管很少被回收利用，不仅因为它们内部有残留，而且因为它们通常是由塑料和铝箔层压制成的。A. Artificial人造的；B. Sufficient足够的；C. Existing现存的；D. Temporary暂时的。由上文的“the new, slippery toothpaste tubes should help with recycling”可知，现有的牙膏管很少被回收利用，故选C。
33．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们在牙膏上取得了成功，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士并没有放弃食品生产商。A. After在……之后；B. Unlike不像；C. Despite尽管；D. Regarding关于。由后文的“Dr Varanasi and Dr Smith have not given up on food producers”可知，尽管他们在牙膏上取得了成功，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士并没有放弃食品生产商，故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了番茄酱，它们光滑的表面还有助于涂抹蛋黄酱等产品，也有助于粘稠度更高的鹰嘴豆泥和酸奶油，这些东西通常是装在管里的。A. aid帮助；B. include包括；C. promote促进；D. launch发射。由后文的“may help, too, with things like hummus and soured cream that have a thicker consistency and which usually come in tubes”可知，句子表示“除了番茄酱，它们光滑的表面还有助于涂抹蛋黄酱等产品”，故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，他们进行了一项试验，将奶油干酪放入装有槽形分配器的挤压瓶中。A. instruction指示；B. movement运动；C. parallel相似的人（或物）；D. trial试验。由后文的“putting cream cheese into a squeezy bottle with a slot-shaped dispenser”可知，他们是做了个试验，把奶油干酪放入装有槽形分配器的挤压瓶中，故选D。
36．comparison 37．closely 38．dynasties 39．to 40．is owed 41．a 42．what 43．that 44．was named 45．to eat
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国最受欢迎的小吃之一——肉夹馍的地理和历史意义。
36．考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。分析句子，设空处使用compare的名词comparison作宾语，意为“比较，相提并论”。故填comparison。
37．考查副词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。分析句子，设空处使用close的副词closely作状语，修饰动词，意为“密切地”。故填closely。
38．考查名词。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个或多或少连续的朝代的首都。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，dynasty意为“朝代”为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填dynasties。
39．考查介词。句意：肉夹馍的馅料可以追溯到战国时期。句中date back to为固定短语，意为“追溯于”。故填to。
40．考查动词。句意：一般来说，像肉夹馍这样的中亚风格的面饼传入中国要归功于班超，他花了30多年的时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新控制了中国最遥远的西部地区。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in general表示的是句子陈述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句中 The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads与owe之间是被动关系，be owed to意为“被归因于”。故填is owed。
41．考查冠词。句意：同上。句中union为可数名词，意为“联盟”，此处表示泛指，且首字母的发音为辅音，用a。故填a。
42．考查名词性从句。句意：这种被称为“白芋馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句作from的宾语，从句中引导词作主语，指物用what引导。故填what。
43．考查代词。句意：例如，铜关肉夹馍所用的面饼与西安风味的面饼不同。分析句子，设空处使用代词作宾语，此处指代的是“西安的面饼”表示特指，表示同类不同物用that。故填that。
44．考查动词。句意：铜关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据that引导的定语从句中的guarded表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。同时Tongguan roujiamo与name之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was named。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。句中it is+形容词+to do为固定结构，it为形式主语，不定式结构为真正的主语。故填to eat。
46． I’m glad to share a truly unforgettable travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday with you.
On July 7, my parents and I took a bus to Leshan, Sichuan Province, which is famous for its Buddha. The Buddha is really big and looking up at the large head and down at the large feet I felt I was so small. The next day, we climbed Mount Emei, where there are many old temples and wild monkeys.
The naughty monkeys were the most exciting things I experienced there. Towards evening we made our way back. We were all tired, but our trip to Leshan was really unforgettable.
This is what I want to share with you.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放式文。要求考生用英语与同学分享一次难忘的旅游经历。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ happy
真正地，确实：really→ indeed
令人兴奋的：exciting→ thrilling
疲劳的：tired→ exhausted
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The naughty monkeys were the most exciting things I experienced there.
拓展句：What were the most exciting things I experienced there were the naughty monkeys .
【点睛】[高分句型1]On July 7, my parents and I took a bus to Leshan, Sichuan Province, which is famous for its Buddha.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]The next day, we climbed Mount Emei, where there are many old temples and wild monkeys.(运用了关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．Paragraph 1:
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. I followed him back to the tap. Billy turned it on and began to cup both hands. He knelt down, letting the drip slowly fill up his “cup”. And now I knew what was going on. Obviously, he was afraid of being scolded for wasting water, so he avoided asking me for help. When he stood up and turned back, I walked toward him. His eyes were filled with tears. “Mom. I'm not wasting.”
Paragraph 2:
This time I joined him, with a small poof water from the kitchen. I let him tend to the baby deer alone while I just helped fetch the water. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops…and more drop…and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, himself, was weeping with pride. I can't believe it was raining!
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者所在地区差不多一个月没下雨了，庄稼快死了，奶牛也停止产奶了，但在旱季最热的一天里，作者发现六岁的儿子比利拿着水偷偷摸摸地朝树林走去，去给一头小鹿喂水，作者大感惊讶，学到了分享的真谛，见证了有生以来见过的最好的奇迹。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“水没了，比利跳起来跑回屋里。我跟着他回到水龙头边。”可知，第一段可描写作者跟在儿子比利身后看儿子回去取水，儿子发现了作者，害怕地说自己没有浪费水。
②由第二段首句内容“这次我和他一起，从厨房里舀了一小口水。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮儿子一起取水给鹿，然而出现了奇迹：天上下雨了。
2.续写线索：跟随——取水——发现——帮助——下雨——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始双手成杯状：began to cup both hands / started to cup both hands
②站起来：stood up / rose to his feet
③仰望天空：looked up at the sky / glanced to the sky
情绪类
①害怕：was afraid of / be scared of
②哭泣：weeping / crying
【点睛】[高分句型1]. And now I knew what was going on.（由what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops…and more drop…and more.（由that引导的定语从句）
