宁波市五乡中学2023级高一第二次月考(2023.12)
英语
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man going to do on Sunday
A. Visit his mother. B. Do some gardening. C. Move into a new house.
2. What does the man think the building might be
A. An apartment building. B. A hotel. C. A. department store.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a store. B. In a bank. C. In a classroom.
4. When will the next bus come
A. At 6:35. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. At 4:30 p.m. B. At 5:00 p.m. C. At 5:30 p.m.
第二节(共15小;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Customer and waitress.
7. How will Bill and Mary go home
A. By but. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What does the woman want to buy
A. Desks. B. Chairs. C. Computers.
9. What discount will the woman get
A. 15% off. B. 12% off. C. 10% off.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题
10. How did the man learn about the house
A. He heard about it from his wife.
B. He saw it on South Florida Street.
C. He read about it in the newspaper.
11. How many bathrooms are there in the house
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
12. What is the man’s main concern about the house
A. The size. B. The price. C. The location.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What do the speakers both agree
A. People need cars to buy groceries.
B. Having a car can make people lazy.
C. Cars are bad for the environment.
14. Why does the woman drive her car every day
A. Driving is convenient B. Her city has no subway. C. She thinks it’s cheap.
15. What can be said about the man
A. He spends a lot on gas.
B. He gets to work by bike.
C. He needs to get back in shape.
16. Where will the woman probably go next
A. To a gym. B. To the supermarket. C. To a used car market.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How did Jim feel about going to England
A. Surprised. B. Nervous. C. Sad.
18. Where was Shakespeare born
A. in London. B. In Cambridge. C. In Stratford-upon-Avon.
19. What was the main job of Shakespeare’s father
A. He was a writer. B. He was a tour guide. C. He was a glove maker.
20. Why did Shakespeare write unusual plays
A. He got a free education.
B. He never went to university.
C. He traveled around the world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike. Neither does anyone know the impact it can have on life. The following measures can save your life in an emergency.
Typhoon
Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines, and Japan. The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a bathroom with no windows. A must-have device is a battery-powered weather radio, through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other cases, instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the weather situation.
Flood
Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically. They are usually caused by intense rainfalls lasting for days. Don’t try to be the bravest person around and stay in your house. Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container.
Avalanche
An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a dreamlike location. It is very fast and disastrous, burying everything in its way under tons of snow. When an avalanche starts, try to move to the side of the slope as fast as you can. If you get buried in the snow, dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing. Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. Call out when you bear the team approaching.
Wildfire
Wildfires spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in their way. If you are caught in a wild fire use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth to ensure that you can breathe. Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket, or soil until the fire passes.
1. What should those trapped in flood probably do when they hear the evacuation orders
A. Bring an umbrella with them B. Go to higher places.
C. Call out for help loudly. D. Get a torch in case of a blackout
2. Among the four natural disasters, which one requires people to run against the wind
A. Typhoon. B. Flood. C. Avalanche. D. Wildfire.
3. What do we know from the text
A. Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
B. Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned.
C. Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they’re trapped.
D. Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires, despite the difficulty.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲的是在遇到自然灾害时应该如何挽救自己的生命。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flood部分“Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container. (一旦你听到疏散警告，把重要文件放在防水容器里，转移到更安全的高地)”可知，被困洪水中时，一旦听到疏散警告，要转移到更安全的高地。可知B项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分的“Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. (尽量始终保持在火堆的逆风处，靠近池塘或河流)”可知，被困野火时需要逆风跑。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Typhoon部分的“Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines, and Japan. (台风多发于太平洋西北部，特别是在卡罗琳群岛、菲律宾和日本等暴露在外的地区)”可知，A选项“Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.( 台风只发生在西北太平洋的暴露区域。)”与原文信息不符，不是仅仅只发生在西北太平洋；同时根据Flood部分的“Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically. (洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌)” 可知，在上述灾害中，洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌，B项“Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned.(在上述灾害中，洪水造成的破坏最为频繁。)”与原文信息相符。根据Avalanche部分的“Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. (等待救援队找到你，不要浪费精力大喊大叫或疯狂地挖掘)”可知，遇到雪崩，不要浪费精力大喊，而是要等待救援，C项“Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they’re trapped.(遇到雪崩的人在被困的那一刻应该立即报警。)”与原文信息不符。根据Wildfire部分的“Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket, or soil until the fire passes. (蹲下身子，用湿衣服、毯子或泥土盖住自己，直到火过去)”可知，在遇到野火时，最重要的是保证生命安全。因此D项“Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires, despite the difficulty.(尽管困难重重，但在森林大火的情况下，获得清洁空气是最重要的。)”与原文信息不符，故是错误选项。故选B。
B
Known as the “First Lady of Physics” and “Queen of Nuclear Research”, Chien-Shiung Wu was born in China in 1912 and went to the United States in 1936 to take part in the doctorate (博士学位) program in nuclear physics at the University of Michigan. After learning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan, she chose to go to the University of California, Berkeley instead.
During her earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love of learning had been encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood out in her undergraduate academic work and later during postgraduate research. At Berkeley, she benefited from working with some of the top physicists in the country at that time. After one year at Berkeley, she received a scholarship (奖学金) to Caltech. She completed her doctorate in 1940 and moved to the east coast. Unable to find a research position at university, Wu became a physics teacher at Princeton University and at Smith College. In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project where she began work on beta decay and uranium enrichment.
While at Columbia University. Wu began working with two other Chinese American scientists, Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang conducting research in the field of particle physics. Wu developed an experiment disproving (反驳) a hypothetical physical law called the conservation of parity. The experiment smoothed the way for her two colleagues to earn the Nobel Prize, an award for which she was overlooked, she believed, because she is a woman. In 1978, her work was finally recognized when she received the Wolf Prize, a $100,000 international award given to artists and scientists for achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly relations among people, regardless of their nationality, race, color, religion, sex or political views.
She continued advancing her work in nuclear physics for many years and later joined in protecting women’s rights. She died in 1997 from a stroke.
4. Why did Wu choose to study at the University of Caledonia, Berkeley
A. She needed to join a program. B. She wanted to be treated equally.
C. She could learn physics further. D. She could get the doctorate easily.
5. What can we learn about Wu from Paragraph 2
A. She had a good performance in study
B. She carried out nuclear research in China.
C. She couldn’t find her position at university.
D. She was the first female to join the Manhattan Project
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “overlooked” in Paragraph 3
A. Accepted B. Criticized. C. Praised. D. Ignored.
7. Which of the following best describes Wu as a scientist
A. Modest B. Responsible. C. Devoted. D. Proud.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了被誉为“物理学第一夫人” 和 “核研究女王”的女物理学家吴健雄的生平和科学研究成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After learning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan, she chose to go to the University of California，Berkeley instead(在得知密歇根大学不尊重女性后，她选择了去加州大学伯克利分校)”可知，放弃不尊重女性的大学而选择其他大学，表明吴健雄希望被平等对待。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During her earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love of learning had been encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood out in her undergraduate academic work and later during postgraduate research. At Berkeley, she benefited from working with some of the top physicists in the country at that time. After one year at Berkeley, she received a scholarship (奖学金) to Caltech. She completed her doctorate in 1940 and moved to the east coast. Unable to find a research position at university, Wu became a physics teacher at Princeton University and at Smith College. In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project where she began work on beta decay and uranium enrichment.(在中国的早期生活中，她一直是一名优秀的学生，她的父亲鼓励她热爱学习。当她到达美国时，她已经在她的本科学术工作和后来的研究生研究中脱颖而出。在伯克利，她受益于与当时国内一些顶尖物理学家的合作。在伯克利学习一年后，她获得了加州理工学院的奖学金。1940年，她完成了博士学位，搬到了东海岸。由于在大学里找不到研究职位，吴在普林斯顿大学和史密斯学院当了一名物理老师。1944年，她加入了曼哈顿计划，开始研究β衰变和铀浓缩)”可知，吴健雄在中国的早期生活中，一直是一个杰出的学生，在美国的本科学术工作和后来的研究生研究中脱颖而出，在伯克利学习一年后，她获得了加州理工学院的奖学金。1940年，她完成了博士学位。这一切都表明，吴健雄在学习方面表现优异。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Wu developed an experiment disproving (反驳) a hypothetical physical law called the conservation of parity. The experiment smoothed the way for her two colleagues to earn the Nobel Prize(吴进行了一个实验，推翻了一个被称为宇称守恒的假设物理定律。这项实验为她的两位同事获得诺贝尔奖铺平了道路)”表明，合作的两位男同事获得了诺贝尔奖，唯独作为女性的她没得奖，所以她认为自己是被排除，被忽略了，推知overlooked是“忽略”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project where she began work on beta decay and uranium enrichment(1944年，她加入了曼哈顿计划，在那里她开始研究β衰变和铀浓缩)”第三段“While at Columbia University, Wu began working with two other Chinese American scientists, Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang conducting research in the field of particle physics(在哥伦比亚大学期间，吴开始与另外两位华裔美国科学家，李政道和杨振宁合作，进行粒子物理学领域的研究)”以及最后一段“She continued advancing her work in nuclear physics for many years (多年来，她继续推进她在核物理方面的工作)”可推知，吴健雄一生致力于科学。故选C项。
C
Skateboarding made its Olympic debut (首次亮相) at the Tokyo Olympics. Born in California in the 1950s, skateboarding is considered more of a lifestyle than a sport. Skateboarding doesn’t quite fit into any traditional sports box. But its presence at the Tokyo Olympics brought a great sense of playfulness and individuality to the sport world’s biggest stage.
Skateboarding presents so many more options than people typically have in sports. In this way, skateboarding is nearly impossible to define. But ask a skater at any level what skating means to them, and you’ll get a similar answer: What attracted them to the sport was freedom and creativity, not competition or being the best.
Every skateboarder has their own unique style. There are no rules in skateboarding no standards, no fixed structure—even at the Olympics. According to Mimi Knoop, professional skateboarder and head coach for the US Olympic skateboard team, judges score the athletes based on trick progression, difficulty level and originality.
“We don’t have points for certain tricks because we want to stay away from that to keep it a little more creative,” Knoop said
If you watched the Olympics, the way the skateboarders interacted (互动) with each other was often quite different from other petitors at some events, like gymnastics or swimming, typically kept a certain distance from their competitors. But skateboarders were enjoying each other’s company and lifting each other up.
Sports agent Yulin Olliver said, “Skateboarding as a sport and lifestyle is self-sufficient (自立的). There’s no need for coaches, teams or organized competitions. Those things exist in skateboarding, of course, but not out of necessity. As long as there are individuals who skateboard and find joy in doing so, the culture of skateboarding will remain strong.”
“It’s almost like the Olympics needed skateboarding.” Olliver said, “not the other way around.”
8. What may the culture of skateboarding be based on
A. Joy and individuality. B. The purpose of winning.
C. Interaction and teamwork. D. The demand for a new lifestyle
9. How could a skateboarder get high scores at the Tokyo Olympics
A. By presenting professional skills.
B. By staying away from certain tricks
C. By performing difficult original tricks.
D. By focusing on the whole effect instead of details.
10. What may skateboarders do when competing with others
A. Cooperate with their competitors.
B. Absorb every detail of their competitors.
C Pay attention to their competitors’ coaches.
D. Keep a certain distance from their competitors.
11. What does a good skateboarder need most according to Yulin Olliver
A. Team spirit. B. Great interest.
C. Professional coaching. D. An outgoing personality.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在东京奥运会上，滑板运动首次作为奥运会项目亮相，给这个体育界最大的舞台带来了趣味性。本文对滑板运动的起源、风格和特点等做了简单介绍。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Skateboarding doesn’t quite fit into any traditional sports box. But its presence at the Tokyo Olympics brought a great sense of playfulness and individuality to the sport world’s biggest stage(滑板并不完全符合任何传统的运动模式。但它在东京奥运会上的出现，给这个体育界最大的舞台带来了一种巨大的趣味性和个性感)”可推知，滑板文化的基础是快乐和个性。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“According to Mimi Knoop, professional skateboarder and head coach for the US Olympic skateboard team, judges score the athletes based on trick progression, difficulty level and originality.(专业滑板运动员、美国奥运滑板队总教练米米·努普(Mimi Knoop)表示，裁判会根据技巧的进展、难度和独创性来给运动员打分)”可知，一个滑板运动员通过表演高难度的原创技巧在东京奥运会上获得高分。故选C项。
10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“If you watched the Olympics, the way the skateboarders interacted (互动) with each other was often quite different from other petitors at some events, like gymnastics or swimming, typically kept a certain distance from their competitors. But skateboarders were enjoying each other’s company and lifting each other up.(如果你看过奥运会，你就会发现滑板运动员之间的互动方式与其他运动员截然不同。在某些项目上，如体操或游泳，选手通常与竞争对手保持一定距离。但滑板手们很享受彼此的陪伴，互相扶持)”可知滑板运动员在与竞争对手竞赛时会与竞争对手协作。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sports agent Yulin Olliver said, “Skateboarding as a sport and lifestyle is self-sufficient (自立的). There’s no need for coaches, teams or organized competitions. Those things exist in skateboarding, of course, but not out of necessity. As long as there are individuals who skateboard and find joy in doing so, the culture of skateboarding will remain strong.”(体育经纪人Yulin Olliver说：“滑板作为一种运动和生活方式是自给自足的。不需要教练、团队或有组织的比赛。当然，这些东西存在于滑板运动中，但并非没有必要。只要有人玩滑板并从中找到乐趣，滑板文化就会保持强大。”)”可知，Yulin Olliver认为一个好的滑板手最需要的是对滑板运动的浓厚兴趣。故选B项。
D
It was in a large fish market northwest of Mumbai. Shark fins were sent onto tables. Tens of millions of sharks are killed for the fin trade every year, and a quarter of the world’s sharks, rays, and ghost sharks are in danger. The international trade in many animals is not allowed, but it can be nearly impossible for wildlife officials to tell whether the fins here are from protected animals.
The samples could be sent to a lab for DNA testing, but the test would take a full day. But Shaili Johri, a biology researcher at San Diego State University, had a handheld device that can say what animals a part belongs to in a short time, using only a small tissue (组织) sample. The gene sequencing (基因测序) done by the MinION device, which she was testing out at the fish market, is a promising new tool to help fight the illegal shark fin trade.
Johri published a study with another author in the journal Scientific Reports detailing the first use of the new device for keeping sharks and other wild animals safe from attacks. The smartphone-sized device is made by UK-based Oxford Nanopore Technologies. It has been used for the recognition of Ebola virus. It is also likely to help prevent wildlife crime.
It requires a small tissue sample and a laptop. It can show the result in three or four hours. But it has one downside. The device itself costs $1,000, including two initial cartridges (盒). Every subsequent sequencing cartridge, which can do 12 samples at once, costs an extra $500. That’s a roughly $42 per sample. The traditional DNA analysis method costs as little as $ 5 a sample.
Hollie Booth, a sharks and rays advisor, says the MinION could have lots of practical uses, including controlling wildlife trade across countries or illegal fishing in markets. And the possibilities of this device aren’t just limited to sharks. It could be used to recognize elephant ivory, pangolin scales (穿山甲鳞片) and various other wildlife.
12. What did Johri use the MinION for at the fish market
A. Saving sharks from losing their fins.
B. Discovering sharks’ gene sequences.
C. Collecting tissue from endangered fish.
D. Recognizing whether a fin belongs to a shark.
13. What does the study mainly tell us about the MinION
A. How it can help reduce wildlife crime.
B. Its use for wildlife protection purposes.
C. How it was developed by a UK company.
D. Its influence on different scientific fields
14. What is a disadvantage of the MinION
A. It is expensive. B. It requires more time.
C. It makes mistakes at times. D. It is inconvenient to use.
15. What does Hollie Booth probably think of the MinION
A. It will save many kinds of animals.
B. It should be used after further research.
C. It must make technological improvements.
D. It needs more support from wildlife officials.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。MinION设备进行的基因测序有助于预防针对野生动物的犯罪，使用它只需要少量组织样本和一台笔记本电脑，可以在三四个小时内显示检测结果。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But Shaili Johri, a biology researcher at San Diego State University, had a handheld device that can say what animals a part belongs to in a short time, using only a small tissue (组织) sample. The gene sequencing (基因测序) done by the MinION device，which she was testing out at the fish market, is a promising new tool to help fight the illegal shark fin trade(但圣地亚哥州立大学的生物学研究员Shaili Johri有一个手持设备，只需使用一个小的组织样本，就可以在短时间内识别出这个部位属于什么动物。她正在鱼类市场测试的MinION设备进行的基因测序是一种很有前途的新工具，有助于打击非法鱼翅贸易)”可知，Johri在鱼市上使用MinION辨别鱼鳍是否属于鲨鱼。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Johri published a study with another author in the journal Scientific Reports detailing the first use of the new device for keeping sharks and other wild animals safe from attacks(Johri在《科学报告》杂志上与另一位作者发表了一项研究，详细介绍了首次使用这种新设备来保护鲨鱼和其他野生动物免受攻击)”可知，这项研究主要告诉我们MinION被用于保护野生动物。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The device itself costs $1,000, including two initial cartridges (盒). Every subsequent sequencing cartridge, which can do 12 samples at once, costs an extra $500. That’s a roughly $42 per sample. The traditional DNA analysis method costs as little as $5 a sample.(该设备本身售价1000美元，包括两个初始测试盒。每一个后续的测序试剂盒，一次可以做12个样本，都要额外花费500美元。也就是每个样本大约42美元。传统的DNA分析方法每个样本只需花费5美元)”可知， MinION的缺点是价格高。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hollie Booth, a sharks and rays advisor, says the MinION could have lots of practical uses, including controlling wildlife trade across countries or illegal fishing in markets. And the possibilities of this device aren’t just limited to sharks. It could be used to recognize elephant ivory, pangolin scales (穿山甲鳞片) and various other wildlife.(鲨鱼和鳐鱼的顾问Hollie Booth说，MinION可能有很多实际用途，包括控制跨国的野生动物贸易或市场上的非法捕鱼。而且这种设备的可能性并不仅仅局限于鲨鱼。它可以用来识别象牙、穿山甲鳞片和其他各种野生动物)”可推知，Hollie Booth 认为MinION将拯救很多种类的动物。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
High School Study Skills
Excited about starting high school You should be! High school is one of the most fantastic experiences of your life! ___16___ This is the time when you begin to develop the skills that you will use in college and in the working world. As you go forward in these important years, you should change your study habits and skills.
Improve note-taking skills. To some degree, high school will bring a new challenge for students who learned to rely on textbooks during junior school. ___17___ This means students must learn to take notes with careful attention — or the information will be lost! The key to take good notes is identifying the most important things to write down.
___18___ One skill that doesn’t get so much attention is the ability to really listen! In order to take good class notes, you need to listen carefully in class and mark each word that is repeated. Once you learn to become an active listener, you will be able to study much better.
Get ready for class discussions. As you are preparing for the next day, write down anything that might worth a good discussion. ___19___ When classroom discussions do arise, you should record important points on different opinions. This is the sort of thing that will pay off on your test.
Get more organized. In junior school you learned to use many folders, and you met different teaching styles. This continues in high school; you will have to become more organized and take on much more responsibility when it comes to keeping track of homework. ___20___
A. Learn how to listen better.
B. Be prepared to discuss further.
C. Think about what to note down.
D. Remember to increase your test prepare time.
E. In fact, high school sets the stage for college and adulthood.
F. It’s important to keep checklists to complete all of your homework.
G. In high school, teachers will introduce some new ideas beyond textbooks.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了应该具备的几项高中学习技能。
【16题详解】
根据后文This is the time when you begin to develop the skills that you will use in college and in the working world.可知，这是你开始发展你将在大学和工作中使用的技能的时候。E项：In fact, high school sets the stage for college and adulthood.(事实上，高中为大学和成年奠定了基础。)符合文意，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据前文To some degree, high school will bring a new challenge for students who learned to rely on textbooks during junior school.可知，在某种程度上，高中将给那些在初中就学会依赖课本的学生带来新的挑战。G项：In high school, teachers will introduce some new ideas beyond textbooks.(在高中，老师会引入一些课本以外的新思想。)符合文意，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文One skill that doesn’t get so much attention is the ability to really listen!可知，有一项技能没有得到那么多的关注，那就是真正倾听的能力!A项：Learn how to listen better.(学习如何更好地倾听。)概括本段内容，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前文As you are preparing for the next day, write down anything that might worth a good discussion.可知，当你为第二天做准备时，写下任何可能值得好好讨论的事情。B项：Be prepared to discuss further.(做好进一步讨论的准备。)符合文意，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据前文you will have to become more organized and take on much more responsibility when it comes to keeping track of homework.可知，在记录家庭作业时，你必须变得更有条理，承担更多的责任。F项：It’s important to keep checklists to complete all of your homework.(保留清单来完成所有的作业是很重要的。)符合文意，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in this century. The disabled writer of A Brief History of Time visited China for three times. His first ____21____ was in 1985. On his second journey to China, the great theoretical scientist was invited to ____22____ a mathematics research institute at Zhejiang University. On that Sunday evening, be made his appearance at a press conference ____23____ at Shangri-La Hotel, Hangzhou. Hawking ____24____ at about 5:00 pm with his wife. The elderly man answered a total of nine ____25____ with the help of his computer. “I find the real universe much more ____26____ than the one in the film Star Wars,” Hawking joked. “I ____27____ young people to study theoretical physics first if they are interested in it.” But the talented man suffers from ____28____ motor neuron disease (运动神经元病). The disease ____29____ over 100,000 people every year. “I like life and I love life. My family, and music give me the ____30____ happiness,” smiled Hawking, who could ____31____ move two fingers.
In the speech. Hawking said he ____32____ to write a new edition of A Brief History of Time for young children. “A Brief History of Time is my first book for ____33____ people. But I Later found that I could write it in a ____34____ way.” he answered. “So I decided to rewrite it so that all people can read it easily.” Unfortunately, he ____35____ us forever on March 14, 2018.
21.
A. visit B. vacation C. country D. city
22.
A. study B. develop C. attend D. work
23.
A. made B. held C. covered D. proved
24.
A. appeared B. associated C. advanced D. approached
25.
A. specialists B. questions C. listeners D. journalists
26.
A dangerous B. disturbing C. terrible D. interesting
27.
A. inspire B. amuse C. behave D. entertain
28.
A. false B. serious C. unbelievable D. poor
29.
A. affects B. spreads C. kills D. saves
30.
A. greatest B. saddest C. worst D. least
31.
A. hardly B. gently C. fully D. only
32.
A. forced B. delivered C. planned D. failed
33.
A. common B. scientific C. honored D. wealthy
34.
A. proper B. simple C. difficult D. technical
35.
A. impressed B. shocked C. left D. concerned
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了霍金第二次来杭州的细节，他的身体状况、愿望等情况。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的第一次访问是在1985年。A. visit参观；B. vacation假期；C. country国家；D. city城市。根据前文“The disabled writer of A Brief History of Time visited China for three times.”可知，霍金曾三次访问中国，所以此处是说第一次。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他第二次访问中国时，这位伟大的理论科学家应邀参加了浙江大学的数学研究所。A. study学习；B. develop发展；C. attend参加；D. work工作。根据前文的invited以及后文“a mathematics research institute at Zhejiang University”结合选项，应是“邀请他参加浙江大学的数学研究所”符合语境。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那个周日的晚上，他出席了在杭州香格里拉酒店举行的新闻发布会。A. made做，安排；B. held举行；C. covered覆盖；D. proved证明。根据前文“On that Sunday evening, be made his appearance at a press conference”可知，新闻发布会应是被举行。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍金和他的妻子在下午5点左右出现。A. appeared出现；B. associated联系；C. advanced前进，增加；D. approached接近。根据前文“On that Sunday evening, be made his appearance at a press conference 4 at Shangri-La Hotel, Hangzhou.”可知，霍金出席了在杭州香格里拉酒店举行的新闻发布会，所以是和他的妻子在下午5点左右出现。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老人在电脑的帮助下总共回答了9个问题。A. specialists专家；B. questions问题；C. listeners听众；D. journalists新闻记者。根据前文的“answered”可知，回答的应是问题。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：霍金开玩笑说：“我发现真实的宇宙比电影《星球大战》中的宇宙有趣得多。”A. dangerous危险的；B. disturbing烦扰的；C. terrible可怕的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“I find the real universe”以及后文“the one in the film Star Wars”可知，霍金是用真实的宇宙和《星球大战》中的宇宙做比较，结合选项，应是“更有趣”符合语境。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我鼓励年轻人如果对理论物理感兴趣，就先学习它。A. inspire激发，鼓舞；B. amuse娱乐，消遣；C. behave举止，表现；D. entertain娱乐，招待。根据后文“young people to study theoretical physics first if they are interested in it.”结合选项可知，应是霍金鼓励年轻人符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这位天才患有严重的运动神经元疾病。A. false错误的，假的；B. serious严重的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. poor贫穷的，可怜的。根据后文“motor neuron disease”结合现实可知，霍金患有严重的运动神经元疾病。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年有超过10万人死于这种疾病。A. affects影响；B. spreads传播；C. kills杀死；D. saves救助。根据后文“over 100,000 people every year”可知，此处是说“这种疾病每年杀死超过10万人”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢生活，我热爱生活。我的家庭和音乐给了我最大的幸福。A. greatest最伟大的；B. saddest最伤心的；C. worst最差的；D. least最小，最少。根据前文“I like life and I love life. My family, and music”以及后文“happiness”结合选项可知，霍金热爱生活，他的家庭和音乐应是给了他最大的幸福。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他只能移动两个手指。A. hardly几乎不；B. gently轻轻地，温柔地；C. ever曾经，永远；D. only只，仅仅。根据后文“move two fingers”结合实际和选项可知，疾病让霍金只能移动两个手指。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍金说，他计划为儿童编写新版《时间简史》。A. forced强迫；B. delivered递送；C. planned计划；D. failed失败。根据后文“So I decided to rewrite it so that all people can read it easily.”可知，霍金计划重写《时间简史》。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：《时间简史》是我第一本面向普通人的书。A. common普遍的；B. scientific科学的；C. honored受尊敬的；D. wealthy富有的。结合实际可知，《时间简史》是面向普通人的书。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来我发现我可以用一种简单的方式来写。A. proper适当的；B. simple简单的；C. difficult困难的；D. technical科技的。根据后文“So I decided to rewrite it so that all people can read it easily.”可知，霍金决定重写它，让所有人都能轻松阅读，所以应是用一种简单的方式来写。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他在2018年3月14日永远地离开了我们。A. impressed给…留下深刻印象；B. shocked使震惊；C. left离开；D. concerned与…有关。根据Unfortunately，以及结合现实可知，霍金在2018年3月14日去世，离开了我们。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation, and one of the ____36____ (factor) is the Chinese writing system. The earliest written Chinese was ____37____ picture-based language. There were animal bones and shells on which symbols ____38____ (carve). Later the symbols became a well-developed writing system. Over time, it developed into different forms, because the Chinese people were divided geographically at that time, ____39____ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. It was after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states ____40____ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
Written Chinese has become an important means ____41____ which China’s present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works ____42____ were written by Chinese in ancient times. Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a great role in ____43____ (globe) affairs, an ____44____ ( increase) number of international students are beginning ____45____ (appreciate) China’s culture and history.
【答案】36. factors
37. a 38. were carved
39. leading
40. that 41. by
42. which##that
43. global 44. increasing
45. to appreciate
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国古代文字的发展历史，从最早的象形文字演变为为一种完整的书写系统，并因地理分割而出现不同的方言和字符。随着中国在全球事务中的重要角色，越来越多的国际学生开始欣赏中国文化和历史。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，其中一个因素是中国的文字系统。分析句子，句中构成one of the+名词复数的结构，意为“……之一”，此处factor意为“因素，要素”，为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填factors。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最早的书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。分析句子，句中language为可数名词，设空处应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，picture-based是辅音音素开头。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：那里有动物的骨头和贝壳，上面刻着符号。分析句子，设空处使用动词作“介词+which”引导定语从句的谓语，根据前文的were可知句子应该使用一般过去时，同时symbols与carve之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were carved。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间推移，它发展成不同的形式，因为当时中国人在地域上是分开的，导致了许多种类的方言和文字。分析句子，句中were divided为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，分析句子可知作结果状语，用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填leading。
【40题详解】
考查强调句。句意：直到秦始皇统一了七个主要国家之后，中国的文字系统才开始向一个方向发展。分析句子，设空处与前文的it was构成强调句结构即it was+强调部分+that+句子，此处表示对时间状语after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states进行强调。故填that。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：书面汉语已成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。句中构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，引导词which指代前文的means，by the means为固定短语，意为“通过……方式”。故填by。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词works，为物，故使用that或者which。故填that或者which。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥重要作用，越来越多的国际学生开始欣赏中国的文化和历史。分析句子，设空处使用globe的形容词global作定语，修饰名词，意为“全球的”。故填global。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。设空处使用increase的形容词increasing 作定语修饰名词number，构成an increasing number of的固定短语，意为“越来越多的”。故填increasing。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中begin to do为固定短语，意为“开始去做某事”，使用不定式结构作宾语。故填to appreciate。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 你在一个英语博客的高一新生专栏上发现一个求助帖，一名高一年级的学生不知道如何适应高中生活，请你写以“How to adapt to senior high school life”为题，写一篇博客帖子。
要点：1. 多与老师沟通交流；2. 积极参与班级活动；3. 与志趣相同的同学交朋友。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to adapt to senior high school life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
How to adapt to senior high school life
Learning that you have trouble adapting yourself to senior high school, I’m writing the blog to offer you some practical suggestions.
First of all, why not communicate with your teacher face to face By doing this, your teacher will know your inner thoughts and help you solve this problem. What’s more, if I were you, I would be engaged in various kinds of activities held by class actively. More importantly, it would be a good idea if you made some friends with common interests. If you do this, you can share happiness and sadness with them and help you get to know them to get rid of loneliness at high school.
I hope you will find these ideas useful and beneficial.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to adapt to senior high school life”为题回复在一个英语博客的高一新生专栏上出现的不知道如何适应高中生活求助帖。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first of all→first and foremost
此外： what’s more→ besides
解决：solve→handle/settle
各种各样的：various → a variety of
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：By doing this, your teacher will know your inner thoughts and help you solve this problem.
拓展句：If you do this, your teacher will know your inner thoughts and help you solve this problem.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 What’s more, if I were you, I would be engaged in various kinds of activities held by class actively. （运用了虚拟语气结构）
【高分句型2】If you do this, you can share happiness and sadness with them and help you get to know them to get rid of loneliness at high school.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
【注意】
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
We have a pit bull(比特犬). We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He tried jumping on cars, and we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he lay down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.
We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didn’t appear so. Then, we took a good look at the dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was deserted.
My husband sad, “If he doesn’t bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog.” The dog happily joined us with no fight at all. The only thing we were in danger of was getting licked to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.
The dog was clearly on the road for some time, He was extremely under weight. He was covered in scars and new wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We thought of possible fights with coyotes(土狼), but he also looked as though he was used to fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason why he was deserted. He can’t have been a good fighting dog.
Therefore, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.
注意：
1.所续写短文（两部分共计）的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
We took him to the vet.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Now we all love the dog very much. He once happened to save me from trouble.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We took him to the vet, who said the dog seemed to be in good health, although he was once abandoned. The vet gave us some advice on how to take care of a two-year-old dog. About a month later, the dog has become a strong and lovely one.
Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble. One day my husband went to work in a hurry, forgetting to turn off the gas. I was sleeping soundly when I heard the dog barking like crazy. I was woken up, realizing something unusual must have happened in our house. It turned out that the house was full of the smell of gas, which made me in danger. I owed it to the dog that I avoided a disaster. Since then, the pit bull has become a member of our family.
【解析】
【分析】本文以事件发展为线索展开。文章讲述了作者在乡下散步时看到了一条被遗弃的比特犬，浑身是伤，身体瘦弱。在作者回程的路上，那条狗躺在路中间，作者只好将他带回家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们带他去看兽医。”可知，第一段可描写去看兽医的情况。经过作者两个星期的喂养，兽医说那条比特犬很健康，并且给了我们一些关于如何养他的建议。一个月后，狗长得很健壮，也很可爱。
②由第二段首句内容“现在我们都很喜欢这条狗。他曾帮助我摆脱困境。”可知，第二段可描写那条比特犬是如何帮助作者摆脱困境的故事。有一次作者在睡觉，家里煤气忘关掉，造成煤气泄漏。狗不断狂叫，吵醒作者，使作者免于一场灾难。从此之后，狗成为了作者家里的一员。
2.续写线索：带比特犬去看兽医——比特犬恢复健康——作者家里煤气泄漏——狗狂叫，吵醒作者——作者免于灾难
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助某人摆脱困境：save sb. from trouble/ help sb. out of trouble
②.急忙去上班：go to work in a hurry / hurry to work
③.照顾： take care of / look after
情绪类
①.喜欢：love / like / be fond of
②.可爱的：lovely / cute
【点睛】[高分句型1].
One day my husband went to work in a hurry, forgetting to turn off the gas.（现在分词做状语，表示补充说明）
[高分句型2].
I was sleeping soundly when I heard the dog barking like crazy.（be doing… when “正在做……这时”）
[高分句型3].
It turned out that the house was filled with gas, which made me in danger.（it做形式主语的句式和which引导的定语从句）
听力答案： 1-5 BCCBA 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 BACCB宁波市五乡中学2023级高一第二次月考(2023.12)
英语
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man going to do on Sunday
A. Visit his mother. B. Do some gardening. C. Move into a new house.
2. What does the man think the building might be
A. An apartment building. B. A hotel. C. A. department store.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a store. B. In a bank. C. In a classroom.
4. When will the next bus come
A. At 6:35. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. At 4:30 p.m. B. At 5:00 p.m. C. At 5:30 p.m.
第二节(共15小;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Customer and waitress.
7. How will Bill and Mary go home
A. By but. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What does the woman want to buy
A. Desks. B. Chairs. C. Computers.
9. What discount will the woman get
A. 15% off. B. 12% off. C. 10% off.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题
10. How did the man learn about the house
A. He heard about it from his wife.
B. He saw it on South Florida Street.
C. He read about it in the newspaper.
11. How many bathrooms are there in the house
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
12. What is the man’s main concern about the house
A. The size. B. The price. C. The location.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What do the speakers both agree
A. People need cars to buy groceries.
B Having a car can make people lazy.
C. Cars are bad for the environment.
14. Why does the woman drive her car every day
A. Driving is convenient B. Her city has no subway. C. She thinks it’s cheap.
15. What can be said about the man
A. He spends a lot on gas.
B. He gets to work by bike.
C. He needs to get back in shape.
16. Where will the woman probably go next
A. To a gym. B. To the supermarket. C. To a used car market.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How did Jim feel about going to England
A. Surprised. B. Nervous. C. Sad.
18. Where was Shakespeare born
A. in London. B. In Cambridge. C. In Stratford-upon-Avon.
19. What was the main job of Shakespeare’s father
A. He was a writer. B. He was a tour guide. C. He was a glove maker.
20. Why did Shakespeare write unusual plays
A. He got a free education.
B. He never went to university.
C. He traveled around the world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike. Neither does anyone know the impact it can have on life. The following measures can save your life in an emergency.
Typhoon
Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands, the Philippines, and Japan. The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a bathroom with no windows. A must-have device is a battery-powered weather radio, through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other cases, instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the weather situation.
Flood
Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically. They are usually caused by intense rainfalls lasting for days. Don’t try to be the bravest person around and stay in your house. Once you hear the evacuation warning, leave for safer higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container.
Avalanche
An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a dreamlike location. It is very fast and disastrous, burying everything in its way under tons of snow. When an avalanche starts, try to move to the side of the slope as fast as you can. If you get buried in the snow, dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing. Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically. Call out when you bear the team approaching.
Wildfire
Wildfires spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in their way. If you are caught in a wild fire, use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth to ensure that you can breathe. Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river. Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing, a blanket, or soil until the fire passes.
1. What should those trapped in flood probably do when they hear the evacuation orders
A. Bring an umbrella with them B. Go to higher places.
C. Call out for help loudly. D. Get a torch in case of a blackout
2. Among the four natural disasters, which one requires people to run against the wind
A Typhoon. B. Flood. C. Avalanche. D. Wildfire.
3. What do we know from the text
A. Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
B. Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned.
C. Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they’re trapped.
D. Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires, despite the difficulty.
B
Known as the “First Lady of Physics” and “Queen of Nuclear Research”, Chien-Shiung Wu was born in China in 1912 and went to the United States in 1936 to take part in the doctorate (博士学位) program in nuclear physics at the University of Michigan. After learning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan, she chose to go to the University of California, Berkeley instead.
During her earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love of learning had been encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood out in her undergraduate academic work and later during postgraduate research. At Berkeley, she benefited from working with some of the top physicists in the country at that time. After one year at Berkeley, she received a scholarship (奖学金) to Caltech. She completed her doctorate in 1940 and moved to the east coast. Unable to find a research position at university, Wu became a physics teacher at Princeton University and at Smith College. In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project where she began work on beta decay and uranium enrichment.
While at Columbia University. Wu began working with two other Chinese American scientists, Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang conducting research in the field of particle physics. Wu developed an experiment disproving (反驳) a hypothetical physical law called the conservation of parity. The experiment smoothed the way for her two colleagues to earn the Nobel Prize, an award for which she was overlooked, she believed, because she is a woman. In 1978, her work was finally recognized when she received the Wolf Prize, a $100,000 international award given to artists and scientists for achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly relations among people, regardless of their nationality, race, color, religion, sex or political views.
She continued advancing her work in nuclear physics for many years and later joined in protecting women’s rights. She died in 1997 from a stroke.
4. Why did Wu choose to study at the University of Caledonia, Berkeley
A. She needed to join a program. B. She wanted to be treated equally.
C. She could learn physics further. D. She could get the doctorate easily.
5. What can we learn about Wu from Paragraph 2
A. She had a good performance in study
B. She carried out nuclear research in China.
C. She couldn’t find her position at university.
D. She was the first female to join the Manhattan Project
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “overlooked” in Paragraph 3
A. Accepted B. Criticized. C. Praised. D. Ignored.
7. Which of the following best describes Wu as a scientist
A. Modest B. Responsible. C. Devoted. D. Proud.
C
Skateboarding made its Olympic debut (首次亮相) at the Tokyo Olympics. Born in California in the 1950s, skateboarding is considered more of a lifestyle than a sport. Skateboarding doesn’t quite fit into any traditional sports box. But its presence at the Tokyo Olympics brought a great sense of playfulness and individuality to the sport world’s biggest stage.
Skateboarding presents so many more options than people typically have in sports. In this way, skateboarding is nearly impossible to define. But ask a skater at any level what skating means to them, and you’ll get a similar answer: What attracted them to the sport was freedom and creativity, not competition or being the best.
Every skateboarder has their own unique style. There are no rules in skateboarding no standards, no fixed structure—even at the Olympics. According to Mimi Knoop, professional skateboarder and head coach for the US Olympic skateboard team, judges score the athletes based on trick progression, difficulty level and originality.
“We don’t have points for certain tricks because we want to stay away from that to keep it a little more creative” Knoop said
If you watched the Olympics, the way the skateboarders interacted (互动) with each other was often quite different from other petitors at some events, like gymnastics or swimming, typically kept a certain distance from their competitors. But skateboarders were enjoying each other’s company and lifting each other up.
Sports agent Yulin Olliver said, “Skateboarding as a sport and lifestyle is self-sufficient (自立的). There’s no need for coaches, teams or organized competitions. Those things exist in skateboarding, of course, but not out of necessity. As long as there are individuals who skateboard and find joy in doing so, the culture of skateboarding will remain strong.”
“It’s almost like the Olympics needed skateboarding.” Olliver said “not the other way around.”
8. What may the culture of skateboarding be based on
A. Joy and individuality. B. The purpose of winning.
C. Interaction and teamwork. D. The demand for a new lifestyle
9. How could a skateboarder get high scores at the Tokyo Olympics
A. By presenting professional skills.
B. By staying away from certain tricks
C. By performing difficult original tricks.
D. By focusing on the whole effect instead of details.
10. What may skateboarders do when competing with others
A. Cooperate with their competitors.
B. Absorb every detail of their competitors.
C. Pay attention to their competitors’ coaches.
D. Keep a certain distance from their competitors.
11. What does a good skateboarder need most according to Yulin Olliver
A. Team spirit. B. Great interest.
C. Professional coaching. D. An outgoing personality.
D
It was in a large fish market northwest of Mumbai. Shark fins were sent onto tables. Tens of millions of sharks are killed for the fin trade every year, and a quarter of the world’s sharks, rays, and ghost sharks are in danger. The international trade in many animals is not allowed, but it can be nearly impossible for wildlife officials to tell whether the fins here are from protected animals.
The samples could be sent to a lab for DNA testing, but the test would take a full day. But Shaili Johri, a biology researcher at San Diego State University, had a handheld device that can say what animals a part belongs to in a short time, using only a small tissue (组织) sample. The gene sequencing (基因测序) done by the MinION device, which she was testing out at the fish market, is a promising new tool to help fight the illegal shark fin trade.
Johri published a study with another author in the journal Scientific Reports detailing the first use of the new device for keeping sharks and other wild animals safe from attacks. The smartphone-sized device is made by UK-based Oxford Nanopore Technologies. It has been used for the recognition of Ebola virus. It is also likely to help prevent wildlife crime.
It requires a small tissue sample and a laptop. It can show the result in three or four hours. But it has one downside. The device itself costs $1,000, including two initial cartridges (盒). Every subsequent sequencing cartridge, which can do 12 samples at once, costs an extra $500. That’s a roughly $42 per sample. The traditional DNA analysis method costs as little as $ 5 a sample.
Hollie Booth, a sharks and rays advisor, says the MinION could have lots of practical uses, including controlling wildlife trade across countries or illegal fishing in markets. And the possibilities of this device aren’t just limited to sharks. It could be used to recognize elephant ivory, pangolin scales (穿山甲鳞片) and various other wildlife.
12. What did Johri use the MinION for at the fish market
A. Saving sharks from losing their fins.
B. Discovering sharks’ gene sequences.
C. Collecting tissue from endangered fish.
D. Recognizing whether a fin belongs to a shark.
13. What does the study mainly tell us about the MinION
A. How it can help reduce wildlife crime.
B. Its use for wildlife protection purposes.
C. How it was developed by a UK company.
D. Its influence on different scientific fields
14. What is a disadvantage of the MinION
A. It is expensive. B. It requires more time.
C. It makes mistakes at times. D. It is inconvenient to use.
15. What does Hollie Booth probably think of the MinION
A. It will save many kinds of animals.
B. It should be used after further research.
C. It must make technological improvements.
D. It needs more support from wildlife officials.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
High School Study Skills
Excited about starting high school You should be! High school is one of the most fantastic experiences of your life! ___16___ This is the time when you begin to develop the skills that you will use in college and in the working world. As you go forward in these important years, you should change your study habits and skills.
Improve note-taking skills. To some degree, high school will bring a new challenge for students who learned to rely on textbooks during junior school. ___17___ This means students must learn to take notes with careful attention — or the information will be lost! The key to take good notes is identifying the most important things to write down.
___18___ One skill that doesn’t get so much attention is the ability to really listen! In order to take good class notes, you need to listen carefully in class and mark each word that is repeated. Once you learn to become an active listener, you will be able to study much better.
Get ready for class discussions. As you are preparing for the next day, write down anything that might worth a good discussion. ___19___ When classroom discussions do arise, you should record important points on different opinions. This is the sort of thing that will pay off on your test.
Get more organized. In junior school you learned to use many folders, and you met different teaching styles. This continues in high school; you will have to become more organized and take on much more responsibility when it comes to keeping track of homework. ___20___
A. Learn how to listen better.
B. Be prepared to discuss further.
C. Think about what to note down.
D. Remember to increase your test prepare time.
E. In fact, high school sets the stage for college and adulthood.
F. It’s important to keep checklists to complete all of your homework.
G. In high school, teachers will introduce some new ideas beyond textbooks.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in this century. The disabled writer of A Brief History of Time visited China for three times. His first ____21____ was in 1985. On his second journey to China, the great theoretical scientist was invited to ____22____ a mathematics research institute at Zhejiang University. On that Sunday evening, be made his appearance at a press conference ____23____ at Shangri-La Hotel, Hangzhou. Hawking ____24____ at about 5:00 pm with his wife. The elderly man answered a total of nine ____25____ with the help of his computer. “I find the real universe much more ____26____ than the one in the film Star Wars,” Hawking joked. “I ____27____ young people to study theoretical physics first if they are interested in it.” But the talented man suffers from ____28____ motor neuron disease (运动神经元病). The disease ____29____ over 100,000 people every year. “I like life and I love life. My family, and music give me the ____30____ happiness,” smiled Hawking, who could ____31____ move two fingers.
In the speech. Hawking said he ____32____ to write a new edition of A Brief History of Time for young children. “A Brief History of Time is my first book for ____33____ people. But I Later found that I could write it in a ____34____ way.” he answered. “So I decided to rewrite it so that all people can read it easily.” Unfortunately, he ____35____ us forever on March 14, 2018.
21.
A. visit B. vacation C. country D. city
22.
A. study B. develop C. attend D. work
23.
A. made B. held C. covered D. proved
24.
A. appeared B. associated C. advanced D. approached
25.
A. specialists B. questions C. listeners D. journalists
26.
A. dangerous B. disturbing C. terrible D. interesting
27.
A. inspire B. amuse C. behave D. entertain
28.
A. false B. serious C. unbelievable D. poor
29.
A. affects B. spreads C. kills D. saves
30.
A. greatest B. saddest C. worst D. least
31.
A. hardly B. gently C. fully D. only
32.
A. forced B. delivered C. planned D. failed
33.
A. common B. scientific C. honored D. wealthy
34.
A. proper B. simple C. difficult D. technical
35.
A impressed B. shocked C. left D. concerned
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation, and one of the ____36____ (factor) is the Chinese writing system. The earliest written Chinese was ____37____ picture-based language. There were animal bones and shells on which symbols ____38____ (carve). Later the symbols became a well-developed writing system. Over time, it developed into different forms, because the Chinese people were divided geographically at that time, ____39____ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. It was after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states ____40____ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
Written Chinese has become an important means ____41____ which China’s present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works ____42____ were written by Chinese in ancient times. Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a great role in ____43____ (globe) affairs, an ____44____ ( increase) number of international students are beginning ____45____ (appreciate) China’s culture and history.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 你在一个英语博客的高一新生专栏上发现一个求助帖，一名高一年级的学生不知道如何适应高中生活，请你写以“How to adapt to senior high school life”为题，写一篇博客帖子。
要点：1. 多与老师沟通交流；2. 积极参与班级活动；3. 与志趣相同的同学交朋友。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to adapt to senior high school life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
【注意】
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
We have a pit bull(比特犬). We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He tried jumping on cars, and we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he lay down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.
We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didn’t appear so. Then, we took a good look at the dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was deserted.
My husband sad, “If he doesn’t bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog.” The dog happily joined us with no fight at all. The only thing we were in danger of was getting licked to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.
The dog was clearly on the road for some time, He was extremely under weight. He was covered in scars and new wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We thought of possible fights with coyotes(土狼), but he also looked as though he was used to fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason why he was deserted. He can’t have been a good fighting dog.
Therefore, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.
注意：
1.所续写短文（两部分共计）的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
We took him to the vet.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Now we all love the dog very much. He once happened to save me from trouble.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案： 1-5 BCCBA 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 BACCB
