2023-2024学年上学期高二年级期中考试
英语
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like today
A Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
2. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Use his pen. B. Buy a new pen. C. Ask the teacher for help.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A In the hotel B. At the airport. C. On the bus.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A game. B. A book. C. A video.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She can’t attend Tom’s party.
B. She forgot her sister’s birthday.
C. She has the same birthday as Tom.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the special for today
A. The steak. B. The chips. C. The chicken.
7. What type of bread does the woman want
A. Honey wheat. B. Whole wheat. C. Italian.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is James doing
A. Presenting a research. B. Hosting a TV program. C Attending an acting course.
9. How many years did Sarah stay in New York
A. 3. B. 14. C. 17.
10. Who influenced Sarah most in choosing her career
A. Her teachers. B. Her friends. C. Her parents.
听第8 段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man like to do most on Halloween
A. Play trick or treat. B. Decorate his house. C. Watch scary movies.
12. Why do they have Halloween parties
A. To kill time.
B. To try different costumes.
C. To remind themselves of home.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Neighbors. C. Co-workers.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. When will the summer school finish
A. In one week. B. In two weeks. C. In four weeks.
15. Why does the man take the Spanish course
A. He is interested in it.
B He will go to Spain soon.
C. He failed the Spanish test.
16. What is the advantage of the summer school according to the man
A. It is cheap. B. It has small classes. C. It has great professors.
17 What will the man do after the summer school
A. Relax at the beaches. B. Study with his friends. C. Stay at home.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20 题。
18 What is the speaker’s hobby
A. Reading books. B. Doing sports. C. Playing games.
19. Where did the speaker’s parents teach
A. At Harvard University.
B. At Stanford University.
C. At the University of Chicago.
20. What do we know about the twins
A. They look the same.
B. They have the same character.
C. They are very close to each other.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
While tea may have originated in Asia, now there are many countries all around the world that have tea woven into their food culture and traditions. This is one of the very special parts of tea as it has a way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies that finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea.
Chinese tea culture
Since China is viewed as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich with history and tradition. Today, Chinese tea continues to be used in Chinese medicine and is commonly consumed on both casual and formal occasions both for personal enjoyment and to represent Chinese cultural traditions.
Japanese tea culture
Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind of ground green tea that is commonly used in Japanese tea ceremonies and only in recent years became popular in western culture.
British tea culture
When many people think about tea, British tea culture is what comes to mind. A hot cup of English Breakfast or Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day. Even though tea may not be native to England, this British tea tradition is still going strong today.
Moroccan tea culture
When you visit Morocco, it is hard to miss the outstanding tea culture that is such a large part of Moroccan hospitality. Before any gathering, negotiation, or sale of a product, a pot of mint tea is always prepared and served among the host and guests. This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and hospitality, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host.
1. Why can tea find its way into various food cultures
A. It originates in Asia. B. It forms different ceremonies.
C. It gets people connected easily. D. It allows people to sit together.
2. What do Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in common according to the text
A. They have a long history.
B. They are used in medicine.
C. They are famous for ground green tea.
D. They’ve long gained worldwide recognition.
3. Why are the Brits keen on tea in the afternoon
A. To get new energy. B. To bring out respect.
C. To show hospitality. D. To observe a tradition.
B
This year I am living abroad in Germany and trying to learn as much German as possible. But one thing I didn’t realize was how many new words I would face every day. I see and hear new words everywhere: the notices in the train station; menus in restaurants; the local newspaper and of course from my German-speaking friends. New words are all around you when you are in a foreign country.
At first, a lot of German words I didn’t understand gave me a headache. I kept on looking up new, words but by the end of the day I had forgotten most of them already. It upset me. A month later, I went to a shop and bought a small notebook. I set myself the goal of writing five new words a day into my little blue notebook. Since then, in my bag, I have always carried an important thing — my little blue word notebook.
I don’t have any rules about which words I write down. Most days I write down words that I learn from my partners at work, or words that I have read. I have also learned the names of many fruits and vegetables from looking at their labels (标签) in the supermarket — a very unexpected way of learning words. And I have learned many words that I have heard on TV or on the radio. If I hear a word that I even don’t know how to spell, I write down how I think it is and look it up later.
My little blue word notebook is now like my closest friend. We are like Batman and Robin; we go everywhere together. Setting the small daily goal has made me feel much more in control of my language learning and I am already seeing an improvement. I will continue to use it for the rest of my stay in Germany and also when I return to university at home in September.
4. What didn’t the writer expect before living in Germany
A. He would get lost at the train station.
B. There would be so many new words for him.
C. The restaurants would serve strange food.
D. He would meet people from different countries.
5. Why did the writer buy a small notebook
A. To write down the words he doesn’t know.
B. To show to others how hard he studies.
C. To keep a diary of what happens to him.
D. To take notes of what is taught in class.
6. What do we know about the writer from the passage
A. He has some rules about the words written down.
B. He often goes to the supermarket to learn German.
C. He looks up new words as he writes them down.
D. He’ll keep using the word notebook in the future.
7. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with
A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. It is never too old to learn. D. He that climbs high falls heavily.
C
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power. After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have invented a new generation of air conditioner, ” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced, the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen (氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept, it also has other advantages. The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven, and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
8. What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Warm.
B. Dry.
C. Hot.
D. Freezing.
9. What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A. They are wasteful.
B. They overheat easily.
C. They often break down.
D. They are slow to cool the air.
10. What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain
A. What powers the engine.
B. What turns liquid into gas.
C. How the pressure is formed.
D. How the new system works.
11. What is the purpose of this text
A. To promote a company.
B. To settle an energy crisis.
C. To introduce a technology.
D. To market a misting system.
D
We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted (打断). But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips, Hilton surveyed 5,000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two groups: high and low Intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became obvious when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”
12 What does Hilton’s research focus on
A. What interruptions mean to people.
B. Whether interruption is good or not.
C. How to avoid getting interrupted.
D. Why speakers interrupt each other.
13. What do participants of the study need to do
A. Record an audio clip. B. Answer some questions.
C. Listen to one another. D. Have a chat with a friend.
14. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat
A. It’s important. B. It’s interesting
C. It’s inefficient. D. It’s impolite.
15. What can we learn from Hilton’s research
A. Conversational styles affect perceptions of interruptions.
B. Communication is the very basis of our everyday life.
C. Interruptions during conversations contribute to thinking.
D. Language barriers will always exist regardless of the content.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Volunteering is a great way to help your community. It is something that people should be doing more often, because it is a great way to help out those less fortunate. Another reason that you should volunteer is that it has a lot of health benefits, which people don’t seem to really know about. ____16____.
Reduce depression (抑郁)
Volunteering is a great way to decrease depression, especially if you are someone who doesn’t have a great support system at home. ____17____. When you are volunteering, you are around other people often talking and laughing, which helps reduce depression.
____18____
A lot of volunteering involves packing boxes or moving things, and that is very good for your heart. You can actually walk the dogs and clean cages at a local animal shelter, which are all ways to stay active. If you are volunteering to do something you love, you may not even notice that it takes a great deal of physical energy, so it’s much better than just working out because you enjoy it.
Make you feel satisfied (满意的)
When you do voluntary work, you feel this satisfaction out of what you are doing, because you know you are helping other people. When you feel this satisfaction, your mental and physical health improves, and you just feel better overall (全面). ____19____. And this is something that volunteering provides.
Reduce anxiety
____20____. When you start volunteering, you find new ways to communicate with other people. It helps reduce your anxiety levels. It can help you find ways to interact with others and can help you build confidence around others.
A. Help you stay active
B. The results are as follows
C. Build up your mental strength
D. Here are four health benefits you can get through volunteering
E. If you always feel embarrassed at new social occasions, then volunteer
F. A lot of people become depressed because they don’t have friends or families
G. In order to stay healthy, you have to keep a balance between your mind and body
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nine years ago, I moved to an absolutely new town. Though I was ____21____, with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was eager to establish ____22____.
This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!” when ____23____ to participate in a half marathon. Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been ____24____ — 13 miles seemed a(n) ____25____ task.
However, the original ____26____ gradually faded away. I found comfort in burying myself in training. Though taking it slow, one mile, and then two, I gradually made ____27____. Mile after mile, I managed to step beside my new friends. We talked about our favorite music and ____28____ funny stories about our children. At about mile 10, the conversations ____29____. We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets. By the time we were finishing 12 miles, I was _____30_____ that I’d made lifelong friends.
_____31_____, the day of the race arrived. At the start line, armed with my friends, I already felt like a champion. My time training had _____32_____. I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my _____33_____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.
Although it started as a _____34_____ of building social ties, running not only provided me with friendship, but with a skill that would _____35_____ me for the rest of my life.
21. A. excited B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. confused
22. A. respect B. principles C. business D. connections
23. A. allowed B. reminded C. invited D. required
24. A. grateful B. confident C. crazy D. awkward
25. A. pleasant B. impossible C. rewarding D. important
26. A. delight B. anxiety C. shock D. disappointment
27. A. progress B. discoveries C. history D. mistakes
28. A. read B. spread C. exchanged D. composed
29. A. concluded B. deepened C. returned D. decreased
30. A. hopeful B. regretful C. convinced D. ashamed
31. A. Unfortunately B. Obviously C. Naturally D. Eventually
32. A. paid off B. run out C. come D. flown
33. A. partners B. trainers C. coaches D. judges
34. A. risk B. habit C. right D. means
35. A. satisfy B. protect C. challenge D. benefit
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hezhen is one of the smallest minorities in China. Early Hezhen people developed methods ____36____ producing clothes, bedding and thread out of fish skin. But over time, there has been a loss of Hezhen culture, including ____37____ (make) clothing from the skin of fish. Besides, few young Hezhen wanted to learn the skill. Fish-skin clothing is also not ____38____ Hezhen people wear today.
Knowing this, You Wenfeng, a now 68-year-old woman, started to share her knowledge with local Han Chinese women in the 1990s. Her followers also learn the Yimakan, ____39____ kind of storytelling that uses both speeches and songs in the Hezhen language. They also memorize songs sung by the Hezhen people. For environmental ____40____ (protect), You Wenfeng has decided to buy fish from the market and use a special sewing tool and cotton thread. The first step is to remove the fish's skin ____41____ (cautious) and dry it. The skin is then repeatedly passed through wooden “teeth” to soften it. The process takes a month, and sewing it then requires about twenty ____42____ (many) days.
So far, fish leather ____43____ (inspire) some high-end clothing design houses, including Dior and Prada, to use it in their clothes. But the material ____44____ (be) still not common. In 2006, Hezhen fish skin clothing was listed by China as intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）, which means a special effort is made _____45_____ (preserve) the tradition.
第四部分 写作(共五节，满分40)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校计划开设寒假网上剪纸（paper-cutting）课程。请你写封邮件邀请你的英国笔友Jack参加，内容包括：
1.告知消息；
2.网课安排；
3.期待参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 读后续写
It was a rainy winter evening. Joe could see an old lady on the side of the road waiting for help. So he stopped his car and got out of his car. When he came closer to her, the lady looked in despair. No one had stopped to help her for the last hour or so. Was he going to hurt her He didn’t look safe. Joe could see that she was scared. Knowing how she felt, Joe said quickly. “I’m here to help you, ma’am. It is too cold outside. Please go and stay inside the car. By the way, my name is Joe.”
Well, all she had was a flat tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. While Joe was changing the tire, the lady rolled down the window and started to talk to him. She told him that she was only passing through. She was very grateful that he came to help her. Joe just smiled as he put the flat tire in the trunk (后备箱).
“How much do I owe you ” the lady asked, then adding that any amount would be all right. Joe, however, rejected the payment. “You don’t owe me a thing. I’m only passing through. Someone once helped me out. Just the way I’m helping you. If you want to pay me back, please pay it forward. Don’t let the chain (链条；连续) of love end with you.” Joe responded. He waited until the old lady had started her car and driven off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but Joe felt joyful as he set off for home.
Paragraph1: A few miles down the road the lady saw a small cafe.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2: There were tables to clear and people to serve, but the pregnant (怀孕的) waitress felt a rush of warmth.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力 1—5 ACBCA 6—10 AABBC 11—15 ACCBA 16—20 BABCC2023-2024学年上学期高二年级期中考试
英语
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like today
A Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
2. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Use his pen. B. Buy a new pen. C. Ask the teacher for help.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. In the hotel B. At the airport. C. On the bus.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A game. B. A book. C. A video.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She can’t attend Tom’s party.
B. She forgot her sister’s birthday.
C. She has the same birthday as Tom.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the special for today
A. The steak. B. The chips. C. The chicken.
7. What type of bread does the woman want
A. Honey wheat. B. Whole wheat. C. Italian.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is James doing
A. Presenting a research. B. Hosting a TV program. C Attending an acting course.
9. How many years did Sarah stay in New York
A. 3. B. 14. C. 17.
10. Who influenced Sarah most in choosing her career
A. Her teachers. B. Her friends. C. Her parents.
听第8 段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man like to do most on Halloween
A. Play trick or treat. B. Decorate his house. C. Watch scary movies.
12. Why do they have Halloween parties
A. To kill time.
B. To try different costumes.
C. To remind themselves of home.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Neighbors. C. Co-workers.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. When will the summer school finish
A. In one week. B. In two weeks. C. In four weeks.
15. Why does the man take the Spanish course
A. He is interested in it.
B. He will go to Spain soon.
C. He failed the Spanish test.
16. What is the advantage of the summer school according to the man
A. It is cheap. B. It has small classes. C. It has great professors.
17. What will the man do after the summer school
A. Relax at the beaches. B. Study with his friends. C. Stay at home.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20 题。
18 What is the speaker’s hobby
A. Reading books. B. Doing sports. C. Playing games.
19. Where did the speaker’s parents teach
A At Harvard University.
B. At Stanford University.
C. At the University of Chicago.
20. What do we know about the twins
A. They look the same.
B. They have the same character.
C. They are very close to each other.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
While tea may have originated in Asia, now there are many countries all around the world that have tea woven into their food culture and traditions. This is one of the very special parts of tea as it has a way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies that finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea.
Chinese tea culture
Since China is viewed as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich with history and tradition. Today, Chinese tea continues to be used in Chinese medicine and is commonly consumed on both casual and formal occasions both for personal enjoyment and to represent Chinese cultural traditions.
Japanese tea culture
Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind of ground green tea that is commonly used in Japanese tea ceremonies and only in recent years became popular in western culture.
British tea culture
When many people think about tea, British tea culture is what comes to mind. A hot cup of English Breakfast or Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day. Even though tea may not be native to England, this British tea tradition is still going strong today.
Moroccan tea culture
When you visit Morocco, it is hard to miss the outstanding tea culture that is such a large part of Moroccan hospitality. Before any gathering, negotiation, or sale of a product, a pot of mint tea is always prepared and served among the host and guests. This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and hospitality, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host.
1. Why can tea find its way into various food cultures
A. It originates in Asia. B. It forms different ceremonies.
C. It gets people connected easily. D. It allows people to sit together.
2. What do Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in common according to the text
A. They have a long history.
B. They are used in medicine.
C. They are famous for ground green tea.
D. They’ve long gained worldwide recognition.
3. Why are the Brits keen on tea in the afternoon
A. To get new energy. B. To bring out respect.
C. To show hospitality. D. To observe a tradition.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。虽然茶起源于亚洲，但是如今世界上许多国家的饮食文化和传统中都融入了茶元素。文章主要介绍了中国、日本、英国和摩洛哥的茶文化。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This is one of the very special parts of tea as it has a way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies that finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea.(这是茶的一个非常特别的部分，因为它有一种方式——用不同的方式和仪式把世界各地的人们联系在一起，最终结果是一群人坐在一起，享受一杯茶。)”可知，茶能够进入各种饮食文化是因为它让人们很容易联系起来。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chinese tea culture部分中的“Since China is viewed as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich with history and tradition.(既然中国被视为茶的发源地，难怪中国的茶文化有着丰富的历史和传统。)”和Japanese tea culture部分中的“Japan also has a long history with tea(日本也有悠久的茶叶历史)”可知，中国和日本的茶文化的共同点是：它们都有着悠久的历史。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据British tea culture部分中的“A hot cup of English Breakfast or Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day.(一杯热腾腾的英式早餐或伯爵茶，下午加一点牛奶和饼干，作为一天的提神饮料。)”可知，英国人喜欢在下午喝茶的原因是，为了获得新的能量。故选A。
B
This year I am living abroad in Germany and trying to learn as much German as possible. But one thing I didn’t realize was how many new words I would face every day. I see and hear new words everywhere: the notices in the train station; menus in restaurants; the local newspaper and of course from my German-speaking friends. New words are all around you when you are in a foreign country.
At first, a lot of German words I didn’t understand gave me a headache. I kept on looking up new, words but by the end of the day I had forgotten most of them already. It upset me. A month later, I went to a shop and bought a small notebook. I set myself the goal of writing five new words a day into my little blue notebook. Since then, in my bag, I have always carried an important thing — my little blue word notebook.
I don’t have any rules about which words I write down. Most days I write down words that I learn from my partners at work, or words that I have read. I have also learned the names of many fruits and vegetables from looking at their labels (标签) in the supermarket — a very unexpected way of learning words. And I have learned many words that I have heard on TV or on the radio. If I hear a word that I even don’t know how to spell, I write down how I think it is and look it up later.
My little blue word notebook is now like my closest friend. We are like Batman and Robin; we go everywhere together. Setting the small daily goal has made me feel much more in control of my language learning and I am already seeing an improvement. I will continue to use it for the rest of my stay in Germany and also when I return to university at home in September.
4. What didn’t the writer expect before living in Germany
A. He would get lost at the train station.
B. There would be so many new words for him.
C. The restaurants would serve strange food.
D. He would meet people from different countries.
5. Why did the writer buy a small notebook
A. To write down the words he doesn’t know.
B. To show to others how hard he studies.
C. To keep a diary of what happens to him.
D. To take notes of what is taught in class.
6. What do we know about the writer from the passage
A. He has some rules about the words written down.
B. He often goes to the supermarket to learn German.
C. He looks up new words as he writes them down.
D. He’ll keep using the word notebook in the future.
7. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with
A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. It is never too old to learn. D. He that climbs high falls heavily.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己在德国生活和学习，每天都要面对大量的生词所带来的挑战。于是，作者买了一个小笔记本用来积累所遇到的生词，通过这种方法，在语言学习上已经取得了一定的进步。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But one thing I didn’t realize was how many new words I would face every day.(但有件我没意识到的事是每天我要面对多少新单词)”可知，作者之前没有意识到的一件事是在德国每天要面对的生词非常多。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I set myself the goal of writing five new words a day into my little blue notebook.(我在我的蓝色小笔记本上给自己设定了每天写五个新单词的目标)”可知，作者买小笔记本的目的是为了记生词。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I will continue to use it for the rest of my stay in Germany and also when I return to university at home in September.(在德国剩下的日子里我将继续使用它，九月份我返回家那边的大学时也是一样)”可知，作者将来会继续使用单词笔记本。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者由最初每天被生词包围感到头疼，到买小笔记本有计划地积累生词，从而使得自己对语言学习有了更多的掌控感，也看到了自己的进步，并因此想把这一学习方法继续下去。结合最后一段的“Setting the small daily goal has made me feel much more in control of my language learning and I am already seeing an improvement.(设定一个小小的日常目标让我感觉自己对语言学习的掌控力更强，而且我已经看到了进步)”推知，A项“罗马不是一日建成的”可以体现作者在语言学习中通过不断积累，而取得了进步，应与作者观点一致。故选A项。
C
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power. After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have invented a new generation of air conditioner, ” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced, the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen (氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept, it also has other advantages. The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven, and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
8. What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Warm.
B. Dry.
C. Hot.
D. Freezing.
9. What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A. They are wasteful.
B. They overheat easily.
C. They often break down.
D. They are slow to cool the air.
10. What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain
A. What powers the engine.
B. What turns liquid into gas.
C How the pressure is formed.
D. How the new system works.
11. What is the purpose of this text
A. To promote a company.
B. To settle an energy crisis.
C. To introduce a technology.
D. To market a misting system.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.(但当热浪席卷城市时，就不那么令人愉快了)”可知，这座城市是非常闷热的。由此可知，“The sweltering city”指的是这座闷热的城市，划线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power.(虽然室外冷却系统已经存在了一段时间，但大多数都使用某种水或喷雾系统来冷却周围的空气，消耗了太多的水和电力)”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.(当零下196度的液氮变成气体时，会产生很强的压力，这种压力被用来驱动机械发动机。正是这个机械发动机缓慢地释放出冰冷的氮气来冷却周围的空气)”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv.(以色列Kinonko公司生产的室外冷却系统开始在Tel Aviv进行测试)”和最后一段“The technology is unique and amazing.(这项技术是独特而令人惊叹的)”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.(该冷却系统预计将于2024年上市)”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
D
We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted (打断). But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips Hilton surveyed 5,000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two groups: high and low Intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became obvious when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”
12. What does Hilton’s research focus on
A. What interruptions mean to people.
B. Whether interruption is good or not.
C. How to avoid getting interrupted.
D. Why speakers interrupt each other.
13. What do participants of the study need to do
A. Record an audio clip. B. Answer some questions.
C. Listen to one another. D. Have a chat with a friend.
14. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat
A. It’s important. B. It’s interesting
C. It’s inefficient. D. It’s impolite.
15. What can we learn from Hilton’s research
A. Conversational styles affect perceptions of interruptions.
B. Communication is the very basis of our everyday life.
C. Interruptions during conversations contribute to thinking.
D. Language barriers will always exist regardless of the content.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在谈话中被打断是否会带来不愉快，因人而异。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“But was that really an interruption The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.(但这真的是打扰吗？根据斯坦福大学凯瑟琳·希尔顿领导的一项新研究，答案取决于你问谁。)”和第四段第二、三句“The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.(高强度组报告说，人们在表达同意的同时说话的对话不会被打断，而是比在说话之间保持沉默的对话更投入、更友好。相比之下，低强度组认为任何数量的同时聊天都是粗鲁的打断，不管说话人在说什么。)”可知，文章主要说明了“打断”对不同的人来说，意义不同，即“打断”对人们意味着什么。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.(她让参与者听一些音频片段，然后回答一些问题，比如说话者看起来是否友好、投入、彼此倾听，还是试图打断。)”可知，参与者们需要在听完音频后回答一些问题。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.(低强度说话者觉得同时说话很不礼貌，他们更喜欢人们在谈话中一个接一个地说话。)”可推知，对于低强度聊天者来说，同时聊天是粗鲁的，不礼貌的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The differences in conversational styles became obvious when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时)chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.(希尔顿说，当参与者听两个人同时说话的音频片段时，谈话风格的差异变得明显起来，这些音频片段中两人的意见一致，并保持在主题上。高强度组报告说，人们在表达同意的同时说话的对话不会被打断，而是比在说话之间保持沉默的对话更投入、更友好。相比之下，无论说话人在说什么，低强度组都认为同时聊天是一种粗鲁的打断。)”和最后一段““People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other. ”(“人们很在意被打断，而这些小的干扰会对整体交流产生巨大影响，”希尔顿说。“如果我们想了解人类之间是如何互动的，就必须分解中断的含义。”)”可推知，会话风格会影响对中断的感知。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Volunteering is a great way to help your community. It is something that people should be doing more often, because it is a great way to help out those less fortunate. Another reason that you should volunteer is that it has a lot of health benefits, which people don’t seem to really know about. ____16____.
Reduce depression (抑郁)
Volunteering is a great way to decrease depression, especially if you are someone who doesn’t have a great support system at home. ____17____. When you are volunteering, you are around other people often talking and laughing, which helps reduce depression.
____18____
A lot of volunteering involves packing boxes or moving things, and that is very good for your heart. You can actually walk the dogs and clean cages at a local animal shelter, which are all ways to stay active. If you are volunteering to do something you love, you may not even notice that it takes a great deal of physical energy, so it’s much better than just working out because you enjoy it.
Make you feel satisfied (满意的)
When you do voluntary work, you feel this satisfaction out of what you are doing, because you know you are helping other people. When you feel this satisfaction, your mental and physical health improves, and you just feel better overall (全面的). ____19____. And this is something that volunteering provides.
Reduce anxiety
____20____. When you start volunteering, you find new ways to communicate with other people. It helps reduce your anxiety levels. It can help you find ways to interact with others and can help you build confidence around others.
A. Help you stay active
B. The results are as follows
C. Build up your mental strength
D. Here are four health benefits you can get through volunteering
E. If you always feel embarrassed at new social occasions, then volunteer
F. A lot of people become depressed because they don’t have friends or families
G. In order to stay healthy, you have to keep a balance between your mind and body
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过志愿活动可以获得的四个健康益处。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Another reason that you should volunteer is that it has a lot of health benefits, which people don’t seem to really know about.(你应该做志愿者的另一个原因是，它对健康有很多好处，这一点人们似乎并不真正了解。)”和小标题“Reduce depression(减轻抑郁)”以及下文的几个小标题可知，此处是讲以下是通过做志愿者可以得到的对健康的好处，所以选项D“以下是你可以通过志愿活动获得的四个健康益处”切合文意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Volunteering is a great way to decrease depression, especially if you are someone who doesn’t have a great support system at home.(志愿服务是减少抑郁的好方法，尤其是如果你在家里没有很好的支持系统。)”和后文“When you are volunteering, you are around other people often talking and laughing, which helps reduce depression.(当你在做志愿者的时候，你经常和其他人谈笑风生，这有助于减少抑郁。)”可知，此处是指许多人会因为没有朋友或家人而抑郁，所以选项F“很多人变得抑郁是因为他们没有朋友或家人”切合文意。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“A lot of volunteering involves packing boxes or moving things, and that is very good for your heart. You can actually walk the dogs and clean cages at a local animal shelter, which are all ways to stay active.(很多志愿工作都包括打包箱子或搬东西，这对你的心脏很有好处。你可以在当地的动物收容所遛狗、清理笼子，这些都是保持活力的方法。)”可知，此处是指做志愿者可以帮助你保持活力，所以选项A“帮助你保持活力”切合文意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前文“When you feel this satisfaction, your mental and physical health improves, and you just feel better overall (全面的). (当你感到这种满足时，你的心理和身体健康都会改善，你会感觉更好。)”可知，此处是指要保持身心平衡，所以选项G“为了保持健康，你必须保持身心平衡”切合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“When you start volunteering, you find new ways to communicate with other people.(当你开始做志愿者时，你会找到与他人交流的新方法。)”可知，此处是指做志愿者可以改善社交焦虑，所以选项E“如果你在新的社交场合总是感到尴尬，那就做志愿者吧”切合文意。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nine years ago, I moved to an absolutely new town. Though I was ____21____, with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was eager to establish ____22____.
This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!” when ____23____ to participate in a half marathon. Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been ____24____ — 13 miles seemed a(n) ____25____ task.
However, the original ____26____ gradually faded away. I found comfort in burying myself in training. Though taking it slow, one mile, and then two, I gradually made ____27____. Mile after mile, I managed to step beside my new friends. We talked about our favorite music and ____28____ funny stories about our children. At about mile 10, the conversations ____29____. We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets. By the time we were finishing 12 miles, I was _____30_____ that I’d made lifelong friends.
_____31_____, the day of the race arrived. At the start line, armed with my friends, I already felt like a champion. My time training had _____32_____. I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my _____33_____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.
Although it started as a _____34_____ of building social ties, running not only provided me with friendship, but with a skill that would _____35_____ me for the rest of my life.
21. A. excited B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. confused
22. A. respect B. principles C. business D. connections
23. A. allowed B. reminded C. invited D. required
24. A. grateful B. confident C. crazy D. awkward
25. A. pleasant B. impossible C. rewarding D. important
26. A. delight B. anxiety C. shock D. disappointment
27. A. progress B. discoveries C. history D. mistakes
28. A. read B. spread C. exchanged D. composed
29. A. concluded B. deepened C. returned D. decreased
30. A. hopeful B. regretful C. convinced D. ashamed
31. A. Unfortunately B. Obviously C. Naturally D. Eventually
32. A. paid off B. run out C. come D. flown
33. A. partners B. trainers C. coaches D. judges
34. A. risk B. habit C. right D. means
35. A. satisfy B. protect C. challenge D. benefit
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者搬到一个新城镇后，通过跑步与外界建立联系的故事，最终作者既收获了友谊，又收获了受益余生的技能。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很兴奋，有各种各样的新事物可以探索，但我仍然感到孤独。A. excited兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused迷惑的。根据下文中的“with various new things to explore”可知，有很多新事物可以探索，所以作者是“兴奋的”。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渴望建立联系。A. respect尊敬；B. principles原则；C. business生意；D. connections关系。根据上文中的“I was still lonely”以及下文中的“Although it started as a ____14____ of building social ties”可知，作者感到孤独，所以此处应表示渴望建立“联系”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可以解释为什么我在被邀请参加半程马拉松时那么热情地“算我一个！”。A. allowed允许；B. reminded提醒；C. invited邀请；D. required要求。根据上文中的“This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!””可知，作者热情的回复“算我一个”，所以此处指的是被“邀请”参加马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平时的3英里，我一定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. grateful感恩的；B. confident自信的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles”可知，作者平时也就是跑三英里，现在要参加马拉松比赛，由此可知，此处指的是作者一定是“疯了”符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平时的3英里，我一定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. pleasant愉快的；B. impossible不可能的；C. rewarding值得的；D. important重要的。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles”可知，作者平时也就是跑三公里，所以现在跑13公里应该是“不可能”的任务。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，原来的焦虑渐渐消失了。A. delight高兴；B. anxiety焦虑；C. shock震惊；D. disappointment失望。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been ____4____ — 13 miles seemed a(n) ____5____ task.”可知，作者认为自己原来只跑三公里，跑13公里是不可能完成的任务，由此可知，作者开始是有些“焦虑”。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然走得很慢，一英里，然后两英里，我逐渐取得了进步。A. progress进步；B. discoveries发现；C. history历史；D. mistakes错误。根据下文中的“Mile after mile, I managed to step beside my new friends.”可知，作者成功的能跟上新朋友的步伐，说明作者取得了“进步”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论我们最喜欢的音乐，交换关于我们孩子的趣事。A. read阅读；B. spread 扩散；C. exchanged交换；D. composed构成。根据上文中的“We talked about our favorite music”以及and可知，作者与新朋友“谈论”音乐，并且“交流”孩子们的趣事，talked与exchanged为并列关系，由此也说明作者开始与人们建立联系。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约10英里的时候，谈话更加深入了。A. concluded推断；B. deepened加深；C. returned返回；D. decreased减少。根据下文中的“We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets.”可知，作者之前与新朋友们谈论的是音乐和孩子的趣事，现在开始分享过去和未来的死亡等，由此可知，作者与新朋友们的谈话“加深”了。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们跑完12英里时，我确信我结交了一辈子的朋友。A. hopeful满怀希望的；B. regretful后悔的；C. convinced信服的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据语境和下文中的“that I’d made lifelong friends.”可知，随着作者与朋友们一起训练跑步里程的增加，谈论话题的不断加深，作者“相信”自己结交了一辈子的好朋友。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，比赛的日子到了。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Obviously显而易见地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Eventually最终。根据语境和下文中的“the day of the race arrived.”可知，作者训练跑马拉松一段时间，此处为“最终”，比赛的时间到了。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我训练的时间有了回报。A. paid off得到回报；B. run out耗尽；C. come来；D. flown飞翔。根据下文中的“I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my ____13____ .”可知，作者能在比赛的时候跟上大家，由此可知，作者的训练“得到回报”符合语境。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法保持稳定的步伐，跟上我的伙伴们。A. partners伙伴；B. trainers训练者；C. coaches教练；D. judges法官。根据语境和下文中的“Finally, we crossed the finish line together.”可知，大家一起跨过终点线，由此可知，此处指的是作者保持稳定的步伐，能跟上“伙伴们”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然跑步最初是作为一种建立社会关系的手段，但它不仅为我提供了友谊，还为我提供了一种使我受益终生的技能。A. risk风险；B. habit习惯；C. right权力；D. means方式，手段。根据上文中的“Though I was ____1____ , with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was eager to establish ____2____ .”可知，作者初到新的环境，渴望建立联系，所以，一开始把跑步当成与大家建立联系的“手段”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然跑步最初是作为一种建立社会关系的手段，但它不仅为我提供了友谊，还为我提供了一种使我受益终生的技能。A. satisfy使满意；B. protect保护；C. challenge挑战；D. benefit受益。根据语境和上文中的“running not only provided me with friendship, but with a skill”可知，此处均是谈论的跑步给作者带来的好处：跑步不仅仅是给作者提供了友谊，而且还提供了一种使作者“受益”余生的技能。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hezhen is one of the smallest minorities in China. Early Hezhen people developed methods ____36____ producing clothes, bedding and thread out of fish skin. But over time, there has been a loss of Hezhen culture, including ____37____ (make) clothing from the skin of fish. Besides, few young Hezhen wanted to learn the skill. Fish-skin clothing is also not ____38____ Hezhen people wear today.
Knowing this, You Wenfeng, a now 68-year-old woman, started to share her knowledge with local Han Chinese women in the 1990s. Her followers also learn the Yimakan, ____39____ kind of storytelling that uses both speeches and songs in the Hezhen language. They also memorize songs sung by the Hezhen people. For environmental ____40____ (protect), You Wenfeng has decided to buy fish from the market and use a special sewing tool and cotton thread. The first step is to remove the fish's skin ____41____ (cautious) and dry it. The skin is then repeatedly passed through wooden “teeth” to soften it. The process takes a month, and sewing it then requires about twenty ____42____ (many) days.
So far, fish leather ____43____ (inspire) some high-end clothing design houses, including Dior and Prada, to use it in their clothes. But the material ____44____ (be) still not common. In 2006, Hezhen fish skin clothing was listed by China as intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）, which means a special effort is made _____45_____ (preserve) the tradition.
【答案】36. for/of
37. making 38. what
39. a 40. protection
41 cautiously
42. more 43. has inspired
44. is 45. to preserve
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赫哲人过去常常用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品传统。然而这个传统正在消失，尤文凤决定传承并推广这种鱼皮制作技艺以及赫哲人的文化。
【36题详解】
考查介词的用法。此处表示赫哲人用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的方法。method of/for doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”，是固定短语。故填for/of。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。including 意为“包括”，是介词，此处应作介词“including”的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。
【38题详解】
考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，在句中充当宾语，此处表示“赫哲人今天穿着的衣服”。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查冠词的用法。固定搭配 a kind of 意为“一种……”。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查名词。根据空白处的前面environmental可知，结合词汇使用规则，形容词修饰名词，所以空白处要用protect的名词形式protection。故填protection。
【41题详解】
考查副词。结合本句中“to remove the fish’s skin”可知，此处应填副词，修饰 动词remove，故填 cautiously，意为“小心地，谨慎地”。故填cautiously。
【42题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“将其缝合起来则需要 20 天”。more 在这里意为“又，再”，相当于 again。故填more。
【43题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“So far”可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，且主语是“fish leather”，谓语动词应用单三形式，所以要用has inspired。故填has inspired。
【44题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合前一句可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，主语是“the material”，是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 make a special effort to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”，a special effort 提前作主语，动词不定式保留。不定式表示目的，故填to preserve。
第四部分 写作(共五节，满分40)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校计划开设寒假网上剪纸（paper-cutting）课程。请你写封邮件邀请你的英国笔友Jack参加，内容包括：
1.告知消息；
2.网课安排；
3.期待参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’m excited to share with you the good news that our school will open a winter vacation online course called paper-cutting. Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture, I’m writing to invite you to take it.
Paper cuttings course will be held online every Tuesday and Thursday from next week. The teacher of the course is Professor Wang, who is a famous paper cuttings artist. In the course, you can learn some paper cuttings skills and get pleasure from it.
If you will participate, please let me know. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请你的英国笔友Jack参加你校计划开设的寒假网上剪纸（paper-cutting）课程，告知其网课安排并期待他的参与。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous →notable
参加：participate →join
愉快：pleasure →joyful
回复：reply→response
2.句式拓展
非谓语动词变为状语从句
原句：Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture, I’m writing to invite you to take it.
拓展句：Because I know that you adore Chinese traditional culture, I’m writing to invite you to take it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The teacher of the course is Professor Wang, who is a famous paper cuttings artist.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 If you will participate, please let me know.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 读后续写
It was a rainy winter evening. Joe could see an old lady on the side of the road waiting for help. So he stopped his car and got out of his car. When he came closer to her, the lady looked in despair. No one had stopped to help her for the last hour or so. Was he going to hurt her He didn’t look safe. Joe could see that she was scared. Knowing how she felt, Joe said quickly. “I’m here to help you, ma’am. It is too cold outside. Please go and stay inside the car. By the way, my name is Joe.”
Well, all she had was a flat tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. While Joe was changing the tire, the lady rolled down the window and started to talk to him. She told him that she was only passing through. She was very grateful that he came to help her. Joe just smiled as he put the flat tire in the trunk (后备箱).
“How much do I owe you ” the lady asked, then adding that any amount would be all right. Joe, however, rejected the payment. “You don’t owe me a thing. I’m only passing through. Someone once helped me out. Just the way I’m helping you. If you want to pay me back, please pay it forward. Don’t let the chain (链条；连续) of love end with you.” Joe responded. He waited until the old lady had started her car and driven off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but Joe felt joyful as he set off for home.
Paragraph1: A few miles down the road the lady saw a small cafe.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2: There were tables to clear and people to serve, but the pregnant (怀孕的) waitress felt a rush of warmth.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A few miles down the road the lady saw a small cafe. She went in to grab a bite to eat. It was a dirty-looking restaurant. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant，but she always had a sweet smile. After the meal，she paid with a one hundred dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change，but the old lady had slipped right out of the door by the time she came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she noticed something written on the napkin,“You don't owe me anything. Someone once helped me out the way I'm helping you. If you really want to pay me back，here is what you do: Do not let this chain of love end with you.” Under the napkin were four more ＄100 bills. Totally touched, she failed to utter a single word, tears blurring her eyes.
There were tables to clear and people to serve, but the pregnant waitress felt a rush of warmth. That night when she got home from work and climbed into bed, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. How could the lady have known how much she and her husband needed With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard. She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave him a soft kiss and whispered soft and low, “Everything is going to be all right”. It is then that the waitress decided to pass the chain of love on.
【解析】
【导语】文章主要讲述了在一个多雨的冬夜，Joe看到一位老太太在路边等待帮助。于是他停下车，邀请老太太上了她的车。当老太太提出给她报酬时，他说：“有人曾经帮助过我，就像我帮助你一样。如果你想还我钱，请让爱继续传递下去。”
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“沿着这条路走了几英里后，这位女士看到了一家小咖啡馆。”可知，第一段可描写老太太在咖啡馆看到了需要帮助的人，并提供帮助。
②由第二段首句内容“有桌子要清理，有人要服务，但怀孕的女服务员感到一阵温暖。”可知，第二段可描写受到了帮助的女服务员决心将爱传递下去。
2.续写线索：进咖啡馆——看到怀孕的女服务员艰难地工作——提供帮助——感到温暖——爱心传递
3.词汇激活
行为类
①注意到：notice/spot/observe
②帮助：help/aid/assist
③回报：pay back/reward
情绪类
①感动：moved/touched
②担忧的：worried/ anxious/concerned
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Totally touched, she failed to utter a single word, tears blurring her eyes.(过去分词作状语，独立主格结构)
[高分句型2] That night when she got home from work and climbed into bed, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.(where限制性定语从句,what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] It is then that the waitress decided to pass the chain of love on.(强调句)
听力 1—5 ACBCA 6—10 AABBC 11—15 ACCBA 16—20 BABCC
