UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Learning About Language
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.介(副)词填空
1.With his mind focused on the things not related his studies,his marks have fallen rapidly.
2.Mr Brown told me his choice of food included spicy meat flavoured wood smoke.
3.The article you need was in the journal that our English teacher recommended us.
4.The forest was filled the sound of running water and the singing of birds.
5.I ordered roast beef served roast potatoes and vegetables.
6.The villagers were so touched that they joined to help with the distribution work.
7.That night,we had delicious meat which was cooked an open fire.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.The Last Supper widely (被认为是) one of Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpieces.
2.Mr Smith (谋生) by delivering lectures throughout the country.
3.I (动身去) a new adventure on the first day of the new year.
4.As soon as the seat belt sign had been (关掉),we rushed out.
5.I hope (至少) my friend was able to offer me some useful advice.
6.Some parents (担忧) their children who are not able to stand up for themselves in life.
Ⅲ.语法专练
1.I had no difficulty finding Ann’s house because she (give) me clear directions before.
2.The twins,who (finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton in the playground.
3.Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.
4.Shakespeare’s play Hamlet (make) into at least ten different films by the end of last year.
5.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.
6.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years.
7.Tom was shocked to realise that the two-month summer vacation (pass) before he knew it.
8.When my English teacher told me that I (choose) as a competitor,I devoted myself to the preparation.
9.The manager was said to have arrived back from Paris where he (meet) some European business partners.
10.It was the third time that he (be) out of work that year.
关键能力提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
主题语境:饮食与健康 语篇类型:说明文
Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression.While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms,just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did.The study also found that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed.The team assessed data from 13,626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height,weight,marital status,education,household income,physical activity,smoking and chronic(慢性的) health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate’s effect on depressive symptoms.
After adjusting for these factors,it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients(精神活性成分) which produce a feeling of euphoria(兴奋感) similar to that of cannabinoid(大麻素),found in cannabis.It also contains phenylethylamine(苯基乙胺),which is believed to be important for regulating people’s moods.
However British scientists urged caution about the findings,suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors.For example people who choose dark chocolate may be more health conscious in general,which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
1.What is the aim of the study
A.To find a cure to depression.
B.To find out the cause of depression.
C.To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D.To study the association between depression and chocolate.
2.What is phenylethylamine
A.Something that can make people excited.
B.Something that can adjust people’s moods.
C.Something that can make people depressed.
D.Something that can make people overweight.
3.What is British scientists’ attitude toward the findings
A.Supportive. B.Negative.
C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.
4.What are depressed people more likely to do
A.Eat sugary fatty foods.
B.Have dark chocolates.
C.Exercise outdoors.
D.Care about health.
Ⅴ.七选五
主题语境:饮食与健康 语篇类型:说明文
Sichuan cuisine(菜肴) is one of the eight major cuisines of China.The cuisine features a wide range of materials,different cooking techniques and numerous tastes.With a rich variety of strong flavours,Sichuan food is famous for its countless dishes with peppery(胡椒味的),chili(辣椒) flavours,and best known for being spicy-hot. 1 ,then you are probably not eating the real Sichuan cuisine.Chili peppers and prickly ash(花椒) are used in many dishes,giving it a typically spicy taste. 2 .Thanks to the development of global trade,chili peppers were spread to Sichuan by Americans in the 18th century,which greatly influence the flavour of Sichuan dishes.
3 ,Hunan cuisine is famous for its hot and spicy taste.People may be confused that what the difference is between Hunan cuisine and Sichuan cuisine,for the characteristics of them are hot and spicy.Hunan cuisine mainly originates from Dongting Lake area and western Hunan mountain area.Water food and poultry are main cooking materials of Dongting Lake area cuisine,which tastes salty and spicy.However,many kinds of meat are the main cooking materials of western Hunan mountain area cuisines. 4 .
The cooking skills employed in the Hunan cuisine reached a high standard as early as the Western Han Dynasty,giving it a history of more than 2,100 years.Hunan is located in southeastern China along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It contains rivers,lakes,mountains,rolling hills,plains,and pools. 5 .
A.If you find Sichuan dishes too mild
B.If you are not fond of Sichuan dishes
C.The tastes are salted fresh spicy and sour
D.As one of the eight major cuisines of China
E.It often leaves a slight numb(麻木的) feeling in the mouth
F.Many people want to know the differences between Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine
G.Making full use of these rich resources,local people created a wide variety of dishes
参考答案
Section B Learning About Language
Ⅰ.1.to 2.with 3.to 4.with 5.with 6.in
7.over
Ⅱ.1.is;regarded as 2.earned his living 3.set off for 4.switched off 5.at least 6.worry about
Ⅲ.1.had given 2.had finished 3.had seen 4.had been made 5.had been trapped 6.had been carried
7.had passed 8.had been chosen 9.had met 10.had been
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。最新的研究表明,食用黑巧克力可以降低患抑郁症的风险。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed.”可知,其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力之间的关系。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句中的“which is believed to be important for regulating people’s moods”可知,苯基乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第六段的第一句“However British scientists urged caution about the findings,suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors.”可知,英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.”可知,抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物,故选A项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中华菜肴八大菜系中的川菜和湘菜。
1.A 上文提到四川菜以辛辣闻名,下文提到你吃的不是真正的四川菜,由此可知,A项“如果你感觉四川菜不辣”符合语境。
2.E 上文提到胡椒和花椒也有辛辣的味道,E项“它经常在嘴里留下轻微麻木的感觉”是吃胡椒和花椒的结果。
3.D 根据下文提到的“Hunan cuisine is famous for its hot and spicy taste”可知,D项“作为中华八大菜系之一”可引出下文。
4.C 上文提到水食和家禽是洞庭湖区菜的主要烹饪材料,味道咸辣,C项中的salted和spicy与上文构成同词复现,且语意相符。
5.G 根据“It contains rivers,lakes,mountains,rolling hills,plains,and pools.”可知,G项中的“these rich resources”指的就是上文提到的“rivers,lakes,mountains,rolling hills,plains,and pools”。
