青岛五十八中2022-2023学年第一学期期末模块考试
高三英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
CHOOSE YOUR TRIP
Tour A—Dhaka Photography Tour
We design the Photography tour to offer you the best of Dhaka Photo Tour. Bangladesh Eco Adventure is specialized to offer photography tour in Dhaka and also outside of Dhaka. In Dhaka Photography tour we have included the lifestyle photography, general photography and many more.
Per Person(SUSD): 75 USD
Save This Month: $10 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour B—Manipuri Rash Mela Tour
It has a lot of interesting activities and the festival begins from local house yards where the little kids dressed like Krishna start dancing and collecting offerings. Afternoon in the open ground, people will gather and—make several temples by banana tree and dance around the temple. It’s the last daylight in the open air, so it looks fabulous. In the late evening in the central temple, beautifully dressed girls will start dancing in their traditional style.
Per Person($USD): 95 USD
Save This Month: $20 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour C—Sundarbans Tour with Small Boat
Sundarbans Mangrove forest is the single largest mangrove forest in the whole world located in the southwestern part of Bangladesh. The green vegetation gives a fresh feeling to your eyes and for bird lovers. About 270 types of birds have been recorded in Sundarbans which attracts bird watchers from around the globe.
Per Person($USD): 105 USD only
Save This Month: $50 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour D—Fullday Dhaka City Tour
Dhaka city tour is one of the most popular Bangladesh Eco Adventures. This tour includes a visit to all historical sites from Mugul period to our liberation war time, visiting museum, experiencing street life with a cup of tea, meeting locals and exploring locals markets, taking rickshaws in the old town and most importantly a boat tour in Burigonga river.
Per Person($USD): 85 USD
Save This Month: $15 USD Per Person($USD)
1. Which of the following. tours costs the least if you sign up this month
A. Dhaka Photography Tour. B. Manipuri Rash Mela Tour.
C. Fullday Dhaka City Tour. D. Sundarbans Tour with Small Boat.
2. Who would most probably choose Tour C
A. A middle-aged man crazy about nature.
B. A young couple loving traditional culture.
C. College students interested in photography.
D. A senior scholar keen on ancient architecture.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A text book. B. A news report.
C. A shopping poster. D. A travel brochure.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四款旅行方案。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据每个旅游计划的单价和本月可省金额可知，如本月报名，Tour A 需花费65美元，Tour B花费75美元，Tour C花费55美元，Tour D花费70美元。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tour C的“Sundarbans Mangrove forest is the single largest mangrove forest in the whole world located in the southwestern part of Bangladesh. The green vegetation gives a fresh feeling to your eyes and for bird lovers, it is a parade.(Sundarbans Mangrove红树林是世界上最大的红树林，位于孟加拉国西南部。绿色的植被给你的眼睛带来新鲜的感觉，对于鸟类爱好者来说，这是一场游行。)”中的“forest”和“bird”可知最有可能对Tour C感兴趣的是一个热爱大自然的中年人。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文关键词“tour”和内容，可推断这篇文章应该是从一本旅游宣传册摘录下来的。故选D项。
B
In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the 12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.
The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.
The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.
The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.
Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”
The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.
4. What is the function of PEGS according to the text
A. To improve the taste of foods. B. To improve the service of stores.
C. To help supermarkets store foods. D. To help people test food freshness.
5. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning
A. It acts as an electronic nose. B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.
C. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. D. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.
6. What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates
A. They are not completely reliable. B. They can help reduce food waste.
C. They are based on scientific research. D. They are not accepted by the consumers.
7. What does the author mainly talk about in the text
A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.
B. A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.
C. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.
D. The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气（一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体）等腐败气体。 电子鼻子提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者Firat Guder博士说：“尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。”)”可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、智能手机连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。故选B。
C
Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).
Walking in the same woods yesterday, I let myself wander at random, communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses. Occasionally I’d pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting. I recorded an inner monologue with a background of all sounds of the forest. At times, I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat, mileage and calorie burn. Eventually I realized I was quite lost. Not a problem of course. Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me. In what I’d intended as a nature experience, here I was using very high technology to help myself out. This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk,” which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that My first thought was that he’d be shocked. But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal:
Lying on the ground with my glass, I could watch him very easily … till I almost lost him in the clouds … I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.
Famously, Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick, which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels. His hat was also a tool, which he called his “botany-box.” And he was prepared even with needles and thread, so when coming out of the woods, he was “the best dressed.” Clearly, Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.
8. What is the purpose of the text
A. To recommend Thoreau’s book Walden Pond.
B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C. To share the reflections on man’s reliance on nature.
D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.
9. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author’s eye
A. B.
C. D.
10. Why does the author quote Thoreau’s journal
A. To introduce a literary work on nature.
B. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C. To prove that even naturalists use technology.
D. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards being a cyborg
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).(即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助——但是，沃尔登湖的梭罗也是如此)”可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据文章最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可推知，本文的目的是为了说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk”，which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.(这一见解引发了我对“自然漫步”中发生的一切的重新思考，“自然漫步”的每一步都得到了技术的强化。 我一直扮演着人机结合的角色:一个半机械人)”可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中即有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal(但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰)”和第六段“I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.(我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰)”可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用，所以作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使是自然学家也会使用科技。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可知，作者对半机械化人的态度是赞成的。故选A项。
D
The robots are alive, and now they can reproduce.
That’s not a continuation to “The Terminator” It's the latest result of research among scientists at Harvard and the University of Vermont. These xenobots, named for the African frog Xenopus laevis, could move around and display collective behavior.
The researchers took stem cells (干细胞) from the skin of frog and put them in salt water, where they came together into balls with a covering of cilia, which are similar to small hairs and enable the organisms (生物体) to move. The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.
Knowing that xenobots5 shapes affect their behavior, the researchers tried to figure out which form would help the organism to reproduce repeatedly. They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.
Xenobots are on an unusual line between living organisms and robots. They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. But they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor. Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.
Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots.” The researchers hope that the xenobots can help them better understand the process of reproduction —a fundamental quality of life —and how to control it. Faced with a world full of self-reproducing problems, such as Covid-19, Kriegman said studying xenobots could lead scientists closer to solutions.
12. What inspired the researchers to perform an experiment
A. The position of particles. B. The gathering of stem cells.
C. The movement of organisms. D. The collective ability of xenobots.
13. What is special about the C-shaped xenobots reproduction
A. It's repeated constantly. B. It generates new beings.
C. It separates individual stem cells. D. It's based on xenobots’ motion.
14. How are xenobots defined as robots
A. By their function. B. By their reproduction.
C. By their unique component. D. By their physical appearance.
15. What can be inferred about the research from the last paragraph
A It could make a breakthrough. B. It would bring scientists closer.
C. It could find the secret of reproduction. D. It would discover the solution to Covid-19.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项最新研究成果。研究人员研究出一种异种机器人，以非洲爪蟾命名，可以四处走动并且可以自我复制。研究人员希望这些异种机器人能帮助更好地理解生殖过程。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.(科学家们注意到，这些有机体，异种机器人，会收集放在盘子里的任何颗粒并堆积起来。他们开始怀疑这些微型机器人是否会对单个干细胞做同样的事情，所以他们进行了一项试验。)”可知，xenobot的收集能力鼓舞研究人员进行了这项试验。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.( 他们发现“C”形似乎是最好的。这种 C形异种机器人将单个的干细胞聚集成一组，形成了自己的异种机器人。这种类型的繁殖是基于这个有机体的运动，而不是像其他动物和植物那样生长然后形成一个新的生物。)”可知，关于C形异种机器人的再创能力，其特殊之处是它基于运动。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.(虽然大多数机器人是由金属制成的，但机器人的定义不是根据它们的材料，而是由它们能做什么来定义的。)”可知，异种机器人是通过它们的功能来定义机器人的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots. (在此之前，哈佛大学的博士后研究员克里格曼说，“还没有人使用生命材料用作自动移动、自动供电的机器人。”)”可推断，这项研究可能会取得重大突破。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Research shows that we spend one-third to one-half of our waking life not living in the present. ___16___ Our brains transport us to past events, imagined future scenes and other internal thoughts.
This allows for introspection (内省) — the space to imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies to solve problems, innovate and create. But introspection can sometimes lead to more harm than good. ___17___ When we focus inward to work through our problems, we may find that doing so causes us to feel worse. Negative thought cycles like this can make our capacity for introspection feel more like a curse than a blessing.
The fact that introspection is both a helpful tool and destructive force is a great contradiction of the human mind. Fortunately, science has begun to explain why this happens, and how to control it.
___18___ This fires up our emotions to the degree of rejecting alternative ways of thinking about the issue that might cool us down. In other words, we lose insight. One natural solution to this problem is to zoom out — to “step back” from your problems so you can think about them more objectively. ___19___ However, not just any conversation will do. The key is to focus on talking to people who not only allow you to express your emotions but also help broaden your horizons.
Introspection is central to the makeup of the human mind. The challenge is to minimize the negative aspects while achieving its potential. ___20___
A. But it can be wonderful to live in the past.
B. We naturally separate from the here and now.
C. It might contribute to anxiety and depression.
D. Another way to gain insight is to talk to others.
E. Regulating negative emotions also helps to reason wisely.
F Negative thought cycles occur when we zoom in too close on our problems.
G. Being aware of how our minds work can help us make the best of introspection.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法，这也给了我们自省的空间。文章主要说明了自省的好处以及弊端。
16题详解】
根据上文“Research shows that we spend one-third to one-half of our waking life not living in the present.(研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下)”以及后文“Our brains transport us to past events, imagined future scenes and other internal thoughts.(我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法)”可知，上文提到有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，后文则说我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，可见我们总是与此时此地的事物相分离。故B选项“我们自然地与此时此地分离”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This allows for introspection (内省) — the space to imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies to solve problems, innovate and create. But introspection can sometimes lead to more harm than good.(这给了我们自省的空间——想象、回忆、反思，然后利用这些幻想来解决问题、创新和创造。但自省有时弊大于利)”以及后文“When we focus inward to work through our problems, we may find that doing so causes us to feel worse. Negative thought cycles like this can make our capacity for introspection feel more like a curse than a blessing.(当我们集中精力解决问题时，我们可能会发现这样做会让我们感觉更糟。像这样的消极思想循环会让我们的自省能力感觉更像是一种诅咒而不是一种祝福)”可知，本句承接上文进一步解释说明自省带来的弊端，故C选项“它可能会导致焦虑和抑郁”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“This fires up our emotions to the degree of rejecting alternative ways of thinking about the issue that might cool us down. In other words, we lose insight. One natural solution to this problem is to zoom out — to “step back” from your problems so you can think about them more objectively.(这将我们的情绪激发到拒绝其他可能让我们冷静下来的思考问题的方式的程度。换句话说，我们失去了洞察力。解决这个问题的一个自然的办法是缩小范围——从你的问题中“退一步”，这样你就可以更客观地思考它们)”可知，后文提到从自己的问题中“后退一步”就可以更客观地思考它们，即建议不要过于关注自己的问题。故F选项“当我们过于关注自己的问题时，消极思维循环就会发生”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“However, not just any conversation will do. The key is to focus on talking to people who not only allow you to express your emotions but also help broaden your horizons.(然而，并不是任何对话都可以。关键是要专注于与那些不仅能让你表达情感，还能开阔你视野的人交谈)”可知，后文提到了和人对话的注意事项。由此可知，本句是在建议获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈。故D选项“另一种获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
本段第一句“Introspection is central to the makeup of the human mind.(内省是人类思维构成的核心)”本段说明内省是思维的核心，接着“The challenge is to minimize the negative aspects while achieving its potential.(我们面临的挑战是在发挥其潜力的同时尽量减少其负面影响)”说明我们要减少负面影响，因此推断G项“知道我们的思想是如何工作的，可以帮助我们充分利用内省。”辩证地说明理解好我们的大脑可以帮助我们利用好内省。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign. It ___21___ drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite sometime to get the chains on.When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n) ___22___ speed.
Suddenly, I ___23___ another snowy, icy patch of road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of ___24___ some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working ___25___ . I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA).
A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already ___26___ to push my car. I got out of my car and ___27___ them.
It was past midnight and they easily could have decided that AAA would ___28___ the situation after our initial ___29___ failed. Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ____30____ things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was ____31____ .
At first, I was a little ____32____ about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole ____33____ of the situation and lifted my spirits.
After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even ____34____ around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck, ____35____ a bit on the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slowly”, like true smile heroes!
21. A. warned B. encouraged C. promised D. taught
22. A. slow B. average C. normal D. top
23. A. missed out B. came upon C. looked for D. pulled off
24. A. removing B. burning C. destroying D. breaking
25. A. properly B. casually C. creatively D. comfortably
26. A. proposing B. continuing C. starting D. claiming
27. A. urged B. joined C. stopped D. left
28. A. handle B. improve C. revise D. clarify
29. A. preparations B. appeals C. impressions D. attempts
30. A. typical B. unique C. different D. difficult
31. A. approached B. forgiven C. protected D. freed
32. A. concerned B. cautious C. awkward D. confused
33. A. analysis B. dynamic C. definition D. truth
34. A. play B. walk C. stick D. glance
35. A. moved B. recovered C. dashed D. slid
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自一人在高速公路上开车时汽车打滑倒在雪堆里，得到一个俄罗斯人和他的三个儿子帮助的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它警告司机，在翻越这座山时需要用铁链。A. warned警告；B. encouraged鼓励；C. promised承诺；D. taught教。根据上文“I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign.”可知，此处表示那个标志警告司机在翻越这座山时需要用铁链。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达一个不再下雪的地方，我取下了锁链，这样我就可以以正常的速度开车了。A. slow缓慢的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. top最高的。根据“I took the chains off”可知，作者取下锁链是为了以正常速度开车。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我来到了另一条积雪、结冰的道路上。A. missed out错过；B. came upon碰到，遇见；C. looked for寻找；D. pulled off（在路边）停车。根据“another snowy, icy patch of road”可知，此处表示作者突然遇到了另一条积雪、结冰的道路。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想折断一些树枝，把它们放在轮胎下面，但外面太冷了，我的手不能正常工作。A. removing移除；B. burning燃烧；C. destroying破坏；D. breaking打破，折断。根据“My car spun out into a snowdrift”和“placing them under my tires”可知，作者想要折断一些树枝。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. properly合适地；B. casually随意地；C. creatively创造性地；D. comfortably舒服地。根据“but it was so cold outside”可知，因为外面太冷了，作者的手不能正常工作。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及说太多，他和他的三个儿子已经开始推我的车了。A. proposing建议，提议；B. continuing继续；C. starting开始；D. claiming声称，宣称。根据“to push my car”可知，此处表示那个俄罗斯人和他的三个儿子已经开始推作者的车了。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下车加入了他们。A. urged催促；B. joined参加；C. stopped停止；D. left离开。根据“Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ___10___ things to get the car out of the snow”可知，作者下车加入了他们。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时已经过了午夜，他们本可以轻易地决定，在我们最初的尝试失败后，AAA会处理这种情况。A. handle处理；B. improve提高，改善；C. revise修改，复习；D. clarify澄清，阐明。根据“I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA).”可知，作者认为AAA会处理这种情况。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. preparations准备；B. appeals吸引力；C. impressions印象；D. attempts尝试。根据“Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ___10___ things”可知，此处表示最初的尝试失败了。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们和我们在一起待了将近45分钟，因为我们不断尝试各种方法把车从雪中弄出来，并坚持说除非我脱离束缚，否则他们不会离开。A. typical典型的；B. unique独特的；C. different不同的；D. difficult困难的。根据“to get the car out of the snow”可知，在作者他们最初的尝试失败后，AAA会处理这种情况，而他们却选择了不同的处理方法。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. approached靠近；B. forgiven原谅；C. protected保护；D. freed释放，使解除。根据“insistent that they wouldn’t leave”可知，他们并坚持说除非作者脱离束缚，否则他们不会离开。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我有点担心这么晚还被困在这么冷的天气里，但他们的乐观态度改变了整个局面，让我精神振奋。A. concerned担心的；B. cautious小心的，谨慎的；C. awkward糟糕的；D. confused困惑的。根据“about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour”可知，此处表示作者有点担心这么晚还被困在这么冷的天气里。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. analysis分析；B. dynamic动力；C. definition定义；D. truth真相。根据“but their cheerful attitude changed ”可知，但他们的乐观态度改变了整个局面。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过近45分钟的辛苦工作，我的车终于摆脱束缚了，他们甚至都没待多久，让我知道他们的名字。A. play玩；B. walk散步；C. stick坚持；D. glance瞥一眼。根据“around long enough for me to get their names.”可知，他们甚至都没待多久，让作者知道他们的名字。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是跑向自己的卡车，在冰上滑了一下，然后喊道:“开慢点”，像真正微笑的英雄！A. moved移动；B. recovered恢复；C. dashed猛冲；D. slid滑动。根据“a bit on the ice”可知，此处表示，他们自己的卡车在冰上滑了一下。故选D。
第II卷
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The famous Chinese Pu’er tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for millennia has finally received top-level global ____36____(recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China _____37_____(add) to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on Tuesday.
The status was conferred(授予) by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, ____38____(host) in Rabat, Morocco. It consists of knowledge, skills and practices concerning management of tea plantations, the picking of tea leaves, and the processing, drinking and sharing of tea.
According to UNESCO, in China _____39_____(convention) tea processing techniques are closely connected with geographical location and natural environment,______40______(bring) about a distribution range between 18°-37° N and 94°-122° E.
The techniques are ____41____(primary) found in the provinces and autonomous regions of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and so on. “Over 2,000 year varieties, mainly six ____42____(category) are grown in China. Practices of greeting guests with tea and building good relationships within families and among neighborhoods through tea-related activities are Shared among multiple ethnic groups, ____43____provide a sense of identity and continuity for communities, groups and individuals concerned.” the document said.
In China, 44 registered national-level intangible cultural heritage entries are associated ____44____tea. There are over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities in China that have set up majors in tea science or tea culture. Traditional tea processing techniques were the 43rd entry from China on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, ______45______total tops all the other countries.
【答案】36. recognition
37. were added
38. hosted 39. conventional
40. bringing
41 primarily
42. categories
43. which 44. with
45. whose
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了“中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗”申请人类非物质文化遗产成功。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：千百年来让世界愉悦、着迷的普洱茶，终于得到了全球顶级的认可，成为人类共同的文化瑰宝。此处作received的宾语，应用名词recognition“认可”，不可数名词。故填recognition。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在周二，中国传统茶叶加工技术及其相关习俗被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。根据on Tuesday可知，应用一般过去时，主语Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China与add是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were added。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一地位是由在摩洛哥拉巴特举办的保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会授予的。句中已有谓语动词was given，故空处应用非谓语动词，host与the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填hosted。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据联合国教科文组织称，在中国，传统茶叶加工技术与地理位置和自然环境密切相关，导致其分布范围在18°N-37°N和94°E-122°E之间。修饰名词tea processing techniques用形容词作定语，故填conventional。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据联合国教科文组织称，在中国，传统茶叶加工技术与地理位置和自然环境密切相关，导致其分布范围在18°N-37°N和94°E-122°E之间。此处表示一种自然产生的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填bringing。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些技术主要分布在浙江、江苏、江西等省、自治区。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填primarily。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国种植的品种有2000多种，主要有六大类。数词修饰名词复数，名词作主语，故填categories。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：以茶迎客，并通过与茶有关的活动在家庭和社区之间建立良好关系的做法在多个民族中共享，这为有关社区、群体和个人提供了认同感和连续性。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容用关系代词which引导从句，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国，有44个国家级非物质文化遗产项目与茶有关。be associated with“与……有关”固定短语，根据句意，故填with。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：传统茶叶加工技术是中国第43项列入人类非物质文化遗产代表名录的项目，总数居世界首位。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity，从句中作定语，用关系代词whose，故填whose。
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，读完外教Mr. Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.你的收获；
3.希望得到进一步指导。
注意：1.词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Brown,
I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits. Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. Besides, these English novels open me up to new experiences and perspectives, offering me new information about cultures and societies that I never knew before.
Please accept my thanks once again. I really hope you can provide me with some more guidance on reading English novels.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Brown写一封感谢信，感谢他给你推荐的一些英文小说，使你获得很大收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
①推荐：recommend→ commend
②好处：benefits → advantages
③提供：offer → provide
④感谢：thanks→ gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
拓展句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you because you recommended me some English novels.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits.(运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. (运用了现在分词的完成时态，which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）读后续写
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Berlin thought it was a good idea. When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods. Jack said, “What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick ” Berlin thought for a moment and said, “I think we should choose a straight tree, so no knots will scratch grandpa’s hands.” Jack nodded his head in agreement. They found a straight tree and set to work. They cut the tree down, and with a knife they took the bark off. It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size. They thought grandpa would love it.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. When grandpa took the cane, his hands shook with joy, thinking, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!” Jack said, “Grandpa, we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed. He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand. He stood up with strength on his legs. Everyone was surprised and excited to see grandpa stand up. At that moment, Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假即将来临，杰克和他的弟弟柏林去看望祖父母，他们却发现爷爷站不起来了，兄弟俩走进了森林，杰克突然想到了一个好主意，就是给爷爷做一根手杖。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“柏林认为这是个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写兄弟俩怎么做手杖。
②由第二段首句内容“杰克和伯林把手杖递给爷爷。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷拿到手杖后的反应。
2.续写线索：拿工具——做手杖——爷爷尝试站起来——众人反应
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿：get/fetch
②砍下：cut down/chop down
③站起来：stand up/rise to one’s feet
情绪类
①高兴：joy/delight
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1]When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size.(由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)青岛五十八中2022-2023学年第一学期期末模块考试
高三英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
CHOOSE YOUR TRIP
Tour A—Dhaka Photography Tour
We design the Photography tour to offer you the best of Dhaka Photo Tour. Bangladesh Eco Adventure is specialized to offer photography tour in Dhaka and also outside of Dhaka. In Dhaka Photography tour we have included the lifestyle photography, general photography and many more.
Per Person(SUSD): 75 USD
Save This Month: $10 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour B—Manipuri Rash Mela Tour
It has a lot of interesting activities and the festival begins from local house yards where the little kids dressed like Krishna start dancing and collecting offerings. Afternoon in the open ground, people will gather and—make several temples by banana tree and dance around the temple. It’s the last daylight in the open air, so it looks fabulous. In the late evening in the central temple, beautifully dressed girls will start dancing in their traditional style.
Per Person($USD): 95 USD
Save This Month: $20 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour C—Sundarbans Tour with Small Boat
Sundarbans Mangrove forest is the single largest mangrove forest in the whole world located in the southwestern part of Bangladesh. The green vegetation gives a fresh feeling to your eyes and for bird lovers. About 270 types of birds have been recorded in Sundarbans which attracts bird watchers from around the globe.
Per Person($USD): 105 USD only
Save This Month: $50 USD Per Person($USD)
Tour D—Fullday Dhaka City Tour
Dhaka city tour is one of the most popular Bangladesh Eco Adventures. This tour includes a visit to all historical sites from Mugul period to our liberation war time, visiting museum, experiencing street life with a cup of tea, meeting locals and exploring locals markets, taking rickshaws in the old town and most importantly a boat tour in Burigonga river.
Per Person($USD): 85 USD
Save This Month: $15 USD Per Person($USD)
1. Which of the following. tours costs the least if you sign up this month
A. Dhaka Photography Tour. B. Manipuri Rash Mela Tour.
C. Fullday Dhaka City Tour. D. Sundarbans Tour with Small Boat.
2. Who would most probably choose Tour C
A. A middle-aged man crazy about nature.
B. A young couple loving traditional culture.
C. College students interested in photography.
D. A senior scholar keen on ancient architecture.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A text book. B. A news report.
C. A shopping poster. D. A travel brochure.
B
In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the 12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.
The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.
The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.
The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.
Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”
The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.
4. What is the function of PEGS according to the text
A. To improve the taste of foods. B. To improve the service of stores.
C. To help supermarkets store foods. D. To help people test food freshness.
5. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning
A. It acts as an electronic nose. B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.
C. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. D. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.
6. What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates
A. They are not completely reliable. B. They can help reduce food waste.
C. They are based on scientific research. D. They are not accepted by the consumers.
7. What does the author mainly talk about in the text
A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.
B. A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.
C. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.
D. The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.
C
Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).
Walking in the same woods yesterday, I let myself wander at random, communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses. Occasionally I’d pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting. I recorded an inner monologue with a background of all sounds of the forest. At times, I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat, mileage and calorie burn. Eventually I realized I was quite lost. Not a problem of course. Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me. In what I’d intended as a nature experience here I was using very high technology to help myself out. This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk,” which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that My first thought was that he’d be shocked. But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal:
Lying on the ground with my glass, I could watch him very easily … till I almost lost him in the clouds … I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.
Famously, Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick, which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels. His hat was also a tool, which he called his “botany-box.” And he was prepared even with needles and thread, so when coming out of the woods, he was “the best dressed.” Clearly, Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.
8. What is the purpose of the text
A. To recommend Thoreau’s book Walden Pond.
B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C. To share the reflections on man’s reliance on nature.
D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.
9. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author’s eye
A. B.
C. D.
10. Why does the author quote Thoreau’s journal
A. To introduce a literary work on nature.
B. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C. To prove that even naturalists use technology.
D. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards being a cyborg
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
D
The robots are alive, and now they can reproduce.
That’s not a continuation to “The Terminator” It's the latest result of research among scientists at Harvard and the University of Vermont. These xenobots, named for the African frog Xenopus laevis, could move around and display collective behavior.
The researchers took stem cells (干细胞) from the skin of frog and put them in salt water, where they came together into balls with a covering of cilia, which are similar to small hairs and enable the organisms (生物体) to move. The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.
Knowing that xenobots5 shapes affect their behavior, the researchers tried to figure out which form would help the organism to reproduce repeatedly. They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.
Xenobots are on an unusual line between living organisms and robots. They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. But they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor. Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.
Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots.” The researchers hope that the xenobots can help them better understand the process of reproduction —a fundamental quality of life —and how to control it. Faced with a world full of self-reproducing problems, such as Covid-19, Kriegman said studying xenobots could lead scientists closer to solutions.
12. What inspired the researchers to perform an experiment
A. The position of particles. B. The gathering of stem cells.
C. The movement of organisms. D. The collective ability of xenobots.
13. What is special about the C-shaped xenobots reproduction
A. It's repeated constantly. B. It generates new beings.
C. It separates individual stem cells. D. It's based on xenobots’ motion.
14. How are xenobots defined as robots
A. By their function. B. By their reproduction.
C By their unique component. D. By their physical appearance.
15. What can be inferred about the research from the last paragraph
A. It could make a breakthrough. B. It would bring scientists closer.
C. It could find the secret of reproduction. D. It would discover the solution to Covid-19.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Research shows that we spend one-third to one-half of our waking life not living in the present. ___16___ Our brains transport us to past events, imagined future scenes and other internal thoughts.
This allows for introspection (内省) — the space to imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies to solve problems, innovate and create. But introspection can sometimes lead to more harm than good. ___17___ When we focus inward to work through our problems, we may find that doing so causes us to feel worse. Negative thought cycles like this can make our capacity for introspection feel more like a curse than a blessing.
The fact that introspection is both a helpful tool and destructive force is a great contradiction of the human mind. Fortunately, science has begun to explain why this happens, and how to control it.
___18___ This fires up our emotions to the degree of rejecting alternative ways of thinking about the issue that might cool us down. In other words, we lose insight. One natural solution to this problem is to zoom out — to “step back” from your problems so you can think about them more objectively. ___19___ However, not just any conversation will do. The key is to focus on talking to people who not only allow you to express your emotions but also help broaden your horizons.
Introspection is central to the makeup of the human mind. The challenge is to minimize the negative aspects while achieving its potential. ___20___
A. But it can be wonderful to live in the past.
B. We naturally separate from the here and now.
C. It might contribute to anxiety and depression.
D. Another way to gain insight is to talk to others.
E. Regulating negative emotions also helps to reason wisely.
F. Negative thought cycles occur when we zoom in too close on our problems.
G. Being aware of how our minds work can help us make the best of introspection.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign. It ___21___ drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite sometime to get the chains on.When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n) ___22___ speed.
Suddenly, I ___23___ another snowy, icy patch of road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of ___24___ some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working ___25___ . I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA).
A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already ___26___ to push my car. I got out of my car and ___27___ them.
It was past midnight and they easily could have decided that AAA would ___28___ the situation after our initial ___29___ failed. Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ____30____ things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was ____31____ .
At first, I was a little ____32____ about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole ____33____ of the situation and lifted my spirits.
After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even ____34____ around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck, ____35____ a bit on the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slowly”, like true smile heroes!
21. A. warned B. encouraged C. promised D. taught
22. A. slow B. average C. normal D. top
23. A. missed out B. came upon C. looked for D. pulled off
24. A. removing B. burning C. destroying D. breaking
25. A. properly B. casually C. creatively D. comfortably
26. A. proposing B. continuing C. starting D. claiming
27 A. urged B. joined C. stopped D. left
28. A. handle B. improve C. revise D. clarify
29. A. preparations B. appeals C. impressions D. attempts
30. A. typical B. unique C. different D. difficult
31. A. approached B. forgiven C. protected D. freed
32. A. concerned B. cautious C. awkward D. confused
33. A. analysis B. dynamic C. definition D. truth
34. A. play B. walk C. stick D. glance
35. A. moved B. recovered C. dashed D. slid
第II卷
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The famous Chinese Pu’er tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for millennia has finally received top-level global ____36____(recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China _____37_____(add) to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on Tuesday.
The status was conferred(授予) by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, ____38____(host) in Rabat, Morocco. It consists of knowledge, skills and practices concerning management of tea plantations, the picking of tea leaves, and the processing, drinking and sharing of tea.
According to UNESCO, in China _____39_____(convention) tea processing techniques are closely connected with geographical location and natural environment,______40______(bring) about a distribution range between 18°-37° N and 94°-122° E.
The techniques are ____41____(primary) found in the provinces and autonomous regions of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and so on. “Over 2,000 year varieties, mainly six ____42____(category) are grown in China. Practices of greeting guests with tea and building good relationships within families and among neighborhoods through tea-related activities are Shared among multiple ethnic groups, ____43____provide a sense of identity and continuity for communities, groups and individuals concerned.” the document said.
In China, 44 registered national-level intangible cultural heritage entries are associated ____44____tea. There are over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities in China that have set up majors in tea science or tea culture. Traditional tea processing techniques were the 43rd entry from China on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, ______45______total tops all the other countries.
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，读完外教Mr. Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.你的收获；
3.希望得到进一步指导。
注意：1.词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节（满分25分）读后续写
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
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Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
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