霍城县江苏中学2023-2024学年第一学期9月阶段检测
高二英语试卷
试卷满分：150分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
For children, space is magical — a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children’s books about space and the solar system.
Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington
This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid’s collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up.
Space by Libby Jackson
This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser-known scientific achievements related to space exploration.
Chasing Space by Leland Melvin
This is Melvin’s story about being a football player-turned-astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs.
System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar
The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
1. What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common
A. They include less-known astronauts. B. They tell about scientists’ childhood.
C. They cover women exploring space. D. They are suitable for children of all ages.
2. Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments
A. Stasia Burrington’s. B. Libby Jackson’s.
C. Leland Melvin’s. D. David A. Aguilar’s.
3. What is unique to System and Beyond
A. It has beautiful pictures. B. It tells about space artists.
C. It has won many grand awards. D. It was written by an astronomer.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington的第二、三句“It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. (它的灵感来自第一位进入太空的非裔美国女性梅·杰米森。它讲述了梅作为一个小女孩的故事，她一直知道她对太空有很大的梦想。)”，而Space by Libby Jackson的第一句“This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. (这本精美的插图书让孩子们看到了从19世纪到现在，来自世界各地的50位女性，她们以某种方式参与了太空探索。)”可知，《星际漫游》和《太空漫游》的共同之处是：它们都涉及到那些探索太空的女性。故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Chasing Space by Leland Melvin的“Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs. (孩子们会喜欢读他关于他如何面对挑战和前进的故事，他还包括DIY实验供孩子们尝试，以及一组全彩照片。)”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被Leland Melvin的书吸引。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar的“Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. (与其他儿童太空书不同，这是一本由获奖的天文学家和太空艺术家撰写和插图的国家地理书。阿吉拉尔还是哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的前科学信息和公共宣传主任。)”可知，这本《系统及其他》与其他读物的不同之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家，能为读者提供专家的观点和对主题的见解。故选D项。
B
Jane Goodall is a famous animal behaviorist and has spent many years observing the behavior of chimps in their native habitat. Jane Goodall was born on April 3rd, 1934 in London, England. Her childhood dream was to spend time with animals in the wild. In particular, she was drawn to Africa and the dream of seeing wild animals in their native habitat. It was an unusual dream for a girl at the time, but her parents said to her, “We know it’s different, but we are at your back.”
In 1956, Jane jumped at the opportunity to travel to a friend’s farm in Kenya. It was there that Jane met the famous anthropologist, Dr. Louis S.B. Leakey. Leakey was impressed with Jane’s passion and knowledge of Africa and wildlife.
In 1960, Leakey and Jane began an important study of wild chimps by Lake Tanganyika. The chimps showed some fascinating habits to the group. These included meat eating, which is completely different from the previous opinion about chimps. Also, Jane saw chimps making tools to catch insects. This was an important discovery because, at the time, it was assumed only humans made tools.
The study of chimps in their native habitat was a significant event, leading to many new observations. Jane’s first article My life among wild chimpanzees was published in National Geographic in 1963. Some aspects of the study were challenged. For example, some feared her decision to feed the animals might have distorted their behavior and made them more aggressive (好斗的).
In 1977, Jane set up the Jane Goodall Institute which promotes plans to look after chimps and their environment. The institute has many networks and programs all over the world.
4. How did Jane Goodall’s parents respond to her childhood dream
A. They supported her. B. They laughed at her.
C. They worried about her. D. They got angry with her.
5. What did people think of chimps previously
A. Chimps were used to living alone.
B. Chimps were good at making tools.
C. Chimps were thought not to eat meat.
D. Chimps liked eating insects very much.
6. What does the underlined word “distorted” in the last but one paragraph mean
A. Affected B. Trained C. Protected D. Controlled
7 Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The secrets of chimpanzees
B. The mysteries of African land
C. Jane Goodall—a friend of the wild world
D. Jane Goodall—a woman living with chimps
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了著名的动物行为学家简·古道尔，她致力于观察和保护黑猩猩。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“It was an unusual dream for a girl at the time, but her parents said to her, “We know it’s different, but we are at your back.””（对于当时的女孩来说，这是一个不同寻常的梦想，但她的父母对她说：“我们知道这不一样，但我们支持你。”）可知，她的父母支持她的梦想，由此可知，简·古道尔的父母支持她儿时的梦想。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The chimps showed some fascinating habits to the group. These included meat eating, which is completely different from the previous opinion about chimps.”（黑猩猩向这群人展示了一些迷人的习性。其中包括吃肉，这与之前关于黑猩猩的观点完全不同。）可知，黑猩猩吃肉，这与之前关于黑猩猩的观点完全不同，由此可知，以前人们认为黑猩猩不吃肉。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中“made them more aggressive”（让他们更具攻击性）可知，一些人担心她喂养这些动物的决定会让他们更具攻击性，由此可知，人们认为她喂养这些动物的决定会影响黑猩猩的行为，让他们更具攻击性，“Affected”意为“影响”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段关键句“Jane Goodall is a famous animal behaviorist and has spent many years observing the behavior of chimps in their native habitat.”（简·古道尔是一位著名的动物行为学家，多年来一直在观察黑猩猩在其原生栖息地的行为。）和最后一段关键句“In 1977, Jane set up the Jane Goodall Institute which promotes plans to look after chimps and their environment.”（1977年，简成立了简·古道尔研究所，该研究所致力于促进黑猩猩及其环境的保护计划。）可知，本文介绍了著名的动物行为学家简·古道尔，她致力于观察和保护黑猩猩，“Jane Goodall—a friend of the wild world”意为“简·古道尔——野生动物世界的朋友”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
C
On Monday, August 21, millions of Americans across the country wore their protective eyeglasses to watch the highly expected total solar eclipse (日全食). Though eclipses, which occur about every 18 months, are not rare, this one was historic. It was not only the first total solar eclipse visible from the mainland US in more than38 years, but also the first to be seen coast to coast in almost a century.
The crowds were thrilled as the moon briefly blocked the sun, covering cities all the way from Oregon to South Carolina with darkness. Many people felt cold as the temperature dropped dramatically, by up to 12degrees Fahrenheit, during totality. Those fortunate enough to have clear skies not only saw the corona (日冕), the sun’s outer atmosphere, which is usually not visible in the sun’s glare, but also the bright stars and planets.
Unfortunately, the weather was not cooperative everywhere. The crowds who gathered in Charleston, South Carolina, the last big city in the path of totality, had to struggle against a thick cloud cover when the partial eclipse began at 1:17 pm. It did thin out a little as totality took place at 2:46 pm, allowing for a good view of the eclipse, but not the sun’s corona! However, some spectacular flashes of lightning that occurred just as the moon covered the sun helped ease the disappointment somewhat.
The rare event, believed to be the most observed and most photographed eclipse in history, was a huge success. As Bill Nye or “the Science Guy” briefly put it, “Experiencing an eclipse changes the way we feel about space and how we are connected. This moment will remind us all that we share a common origin among the stars and that we are all citizens of the same planet.”
8. What can we know about the total solar eclipse
A. People in Oregon were unable to see it.
B. Many Americans looked forward to it.
C. The temperature on that day went higher.
D. It last occurred in America 100 years ago.
9. What did the people in Charleston fail to see
A. The moon. B. The corona.
C. A thick cloud cover. D. Flashes of lightning.
10. What does Bill Nye think of the event
A. Disappointing. B. Dangerous. C. Boring. D. Meaningful.
11. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A weather report. B. A travel magazine.
C. A news report. D. A sightseeing guidebook.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国民众观看日全食的相关情况。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On Monday, August 21, millions of Americans across the country wore their protective eyeglasses to watch the highly expected total solar eclipse. (8月21日，星期一，全国数百万美国人戴着防护眼镜观看了备受期待的日全食)”可知，许多美国人都期望观看日全食。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The crowds who gathered in Charleston, South Carolina, the last big city in the path of totality, had to struggle against a thick cloud cover when the partial eclipse began at 1:17 pm. It did thin out a little as totality took place at 2:46 pm, allowing for a good view of the eclipse, but not the sun’s corona! (聚集在南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的人群是日全食路径上的最后一个大城市，当偏食于下午1点17分开始时，他们不得不与厚厚的云层作斗争。当日全食于下午2点46分发生时，云层确实变薄了一点，可以很好地看到日食，但不能看到太阳的日冕！)”可知，在查尔斯顿的人们没有看到日冕。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Bill Nye所说“Experiencing an eclipse changes the way we feel about space and how we are connected. This moment will remind us all that we share a common origin among the stars and that we are all citizens of the same planet (经历日食会改变我们对太空的感觉以及我们之间的联系。这一刻将提醒我们所有人，我们在恒星中有着共同的起源，我们都是同一个星球的公民)”可知，Bill Nye认为观看日全食能改变人们对太空的看法，使人们能对共同生活在地球上这一事实达到更高的认识。由此推知，Bill Nye认为观看日全食是有意义的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“On Monday, August 21, millions of Americans across the country wore their protective eyeglasses to watch the highly expected total solar eclipse (日全食). (8月21日星期一，全国数百万美国人戴着防护眼镜观看人们期待已久的日全食。)”可知，本文主要报道了美国民众观看日全食的相关情况。由此推知，本文最有可能来自“新闻报道”。故选C项。
D
If you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. If you have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge
You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.
The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done in Antarctica.
Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars 500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.
Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure. Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested
12. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs
A. They will land on Mars in 2023.
B. They can get money from donors.
C. They will compete in a TV show.
D. They do not need special skills.
13. What will be the main responsibility for the first colonists on Mars
A. To create an earth-like environment.
B. To build labs in Antarctica.
C. To spin the spaceship.
D. To start the Mars 500 Mission.
14. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage
A. Easy. B. Adaptable. C. Relaxing. D. Exciting.
15. What can we learn from the text
A. Everyone could be one of the first colonists on Mars.
B. Artificial gravity can make the colonists live better.
C. People can’t handle emotional and physical stresses on Mars.
D. Half of people would want to go on Mars.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号”的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“If you have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge (如果你具备所有必要的技能，你就可以成为最早的殖民者之一。你准备好迎接挑战了吗？)”和第二段中的“Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances. (Mars One已经收到了一些捐赠者的捐款，并希望从电视观众那里得到更多，他们会对这个节目感兴趣，在这个节目中，所有申请者都会为难得的机会进行辩论)”可知，火星申请者需要在电视节目中进行辩论比赛，竞争移民火星的位置。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. (第一批殖民者的主要职责是在火星上创造一个人造环境，火星上没有空气可以呼吸，也没有土地可以耕种)”可知，第一批开拓者将需要创造地球的条件来解决火星上的基本生活问题。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中的“It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars 500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses. (对于火星殖民者来说，远离家乡，生活在狭小的空间里反复看到同样的人也很困难。患有抑郁症的殖民者可能会使任务处于危险之中。幸运的是，几年前，俄罗斯和欧洲的一个名为“火星500任务”的联合项目研究了人们在类似火星的环境中的反应。它被认为是一个巨大的成功，因为科学家们能够看到人们如何处理情绪和身体压力)”可知，第一批开拓者的生活会是艰难的，但一项关于人们在类似火星的环境中的研究结果，可得出他们的适应性强。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. (当人类长期生活在没有重力或低重力的环境中时，体内的系统就会减弱。幸运的是，旋转宇宙飞船可以产生人造重力，而人造重力可以缓解这些问题)”可知，人造重力可以缓解没有重力或低重力环境对人体产生的负面影响，可以使殖民者生活得更好。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before movies had voices, they had music. From silent films to today’s computer-generated ones, film composers use the score to help tell the story.
Music Manipulates (影响) Emotions
The most obvious role music plays in movies is in manipulating the audience’s emotions and bringing them the desired feelings. ____16____ Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, says our brain is born to respond in emotional ways. He says, “Our response to certain kinds of noise is something so strong in us that we can’t switch it off. Film composers know that and use it to shortcut the logical part of our brain and get straight to the emotional centers.”
Music Gets Us in the Mood
The first bars of music in a movie usually establish its style. The low sound of an organ communicates a different atmosphere than light electronica playing a quick tune. ____17____ The music telegraphs whether something is serious, adventurous, joyful or amusing.
Music Introduces People, Places and Things
Music helps viewers understand the story, a trick filmmakers picked up from operas, etc. ____18____ A recent example of this can be found in The Lord of the Rings trilogy, in which, quick music is played for the Hobbits, while the fellowship gets romantically heroic music.
____19____
Movies rely on music to help establish time period, location, cultural heritage or social standing. Using Baroque-style music sets a scene in the 18th century. Back to the Future used Huey Lewis’ The Power of Love for its “present day” scenes and such songs as Earth Angel and Johnny B. Goode for its scenes in the past. ____20____ For example, music that audience thinks to be Russian can set something in Moscow even if the music is actually American in origin.
A. Music places us in time and space.
B. Music doesn’t have to be real for this to be effective.
C. Music enables people to forget about time and space.
D. Composers use music to predict and connect the story.
E. Film composers create theme music for characters, situations or places.
F. The selection of certain sounds creates feelings of happiness, fear or even panic.
G. Film composers carefully choose instruments and sounds to set a mood for each scene.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐对电影的作用和重要性。
【16题详解】
根据小标题“Music Manipulates (影响) Emotions (音乐印象情绪)”可知，本段主要介绍电影中的音乐能够影响观众的情绪。F项“选择某些声音会产生幸福、恐惧甚至恐慌的感觉”符合本段主旨，“happiness, fear or even panic”呼应emotions。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The low sound of an organ communicates a different atmosphere than light electronica playing a quick tune. (风琴发出的低沉声音与轻快的电子音乐传递的氛围不同)”可知，不同的氛围需要不同的乐器和音乐来传达。G项“电影作曲家精心挑选乐器和声音，为每一个场景设定一种氛围”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“A recent example of this can be found in The Lord of the Rings trilogy, in which, quick music is played for the Hobbits, while the fellowship gets romantically heroic music. (最近的一个例子可以在《指环王》三部曲中找到，在该三部曲中，为霍比特人演奏了快速的音乐，而联谊会则获得了浪漫的英雄音乐)”可知，不同的人物和场景有不同的音乐。E项“电影作曲家为人物、场景或地点创作主题音乐”符合题意。故选E。
【19题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Movies rely on music to help establish time period, location, cultural heritage or social standing. Using Baroque-style music sets a scene in the 18th century. Back to the Future used Huey Lewis’ The Power of Love for its “present day” scenes and such songs as Earth Angel and Johnny B. (电影依靠音乐来帮助建立时间段、地点、文化遗产或社会地位。使用巴洛克风格的音乐将场景设定在18世纪。《回到未来》使用了休伊·刘易斯的《爱的力量》作为“现在”的场景，以及《地球天使》和《约翰尼·B》等歌曲)”可知，特定的音乐能表达具体的时间、地点和文化等，即音乐能把我们带到不同的时间和空间。A项“音乐将我们置于时间和空间中”符合本段主旨，可以作为本段小标题。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文“For example, music that audience thinks to be Russian can set something in Moscow even if the music is actually American in origin. (例如，观众认为俄罗斯音乐可以在莫斯科引起轰动，即使这些音乐实际上起源于美国)”并结合本段大意可知，并非某个特定地方的音乐才能引起当地观众的轰动，其他地方或文化的音乐也行。即有效的音乐不一定是真实的。B项“有效的音乐不一定是真实的”符合语境，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分75分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My twin sister and I have always been homeschooled, rather than sent to school. And it's wonderful and has changed me greatly. I can’t imagine what my ____21____ would have been like if I wasn’t.
When I was younger, we mostly ____22____ from my parents and textbooks, but now we do most work on the computer, ____23____ my parents still help us when we feel ____24____ about what we learn. There’s a large community of homeschoolers in my town, and they have frequent ___25___ so that we can talk and play together happily and become more ____26____.
In addition, we have a homeschool “co-op(合作社)” where some of the moms serve as___27___ teachers. We’re ____28____ by age rather than grade, but we get appreciation for everything we do for others there and it ____29____ well for me. Right now I’m taking _____30_____ writing, a course in which I can learn to express new ideas perfectly! We also learn production, which is taught by my _____31_____. My best friends go there too, so we have fun learning together.
Some of the most interesting things I learn come from _____32_____ with my mom and dad. They are both very _____33_____ people and we have long talks about history, politics, literature，just to _____34_____ a few. My sister is more naughty and _____35_____ trouble a lot more often than I do. We fight and quarrel sometimes, but things have been better with us _____36_____ , because we have been trying really hard to improve our _____37_____ and become more considerate.
I think homeschool has _____38_____ me well. I have a bigger vocabulary and become more intelligent. _____39_____, I get better grades. I can socialize, too. I’m sort of well known, even if not the most _____40_____ girl. That’s just fine with me.
21. A. voyage B. life C. family D. dream
22. A. suffered B. escaped C. learned D. heard
23. A. though B. because C. so D. otherwise
24. A. crazy B. concerned C. upset D. puzzled
25. A. events B. incidents C. exams D. competitions
26. A. special B. formal C. famous D. social
27. A. experienced B. voluntary C. professional D. official
28. A. charged B. marked C. remembered D. sorted
29. A. works B. organizes C. deals D. benefits
30. A. summary B. creative C. practical D. journal
31. A. sister B. friend C. mom D. teacher
32. A. bargains B. conversations C. lessons D. touches
33. A. knowledgeable B. positive C. busy D. strict
34. A. call B. show C. name D. bring
35. A. deals with B. runs into C. settles down D. get tired of
36. A. finally B. suddenly C. lately D. regularly
37. A. schedules B. home C. skills D. behavior
38. A. treated B. won C. served D. raised
39. A. As a result B. As usual C. On purpose D. By chance
40. A. generous B. responsible C. selfless D. popular
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作者上“家庭学校”的经历。作者小时候和双胞胎妹妹在家跟父母和课本学习，后来去上了社区里开设的家庭学校合作社，跟里面的志愿老师一起学习。在学习过程中，作者从父母那里学到了很多知识，也和妹妹不再打架争吵，变得更懂事了。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象如果我没有在家接受教育，我的生活会是什么样子。A. voyage旅程；B. life生活；C. family家庭；D. dream 梦想。根据 And it's wonderful and has changed me greatly.可知是家庭学校对作者生活的影响，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我们主要从父母和课本中学习。A. suffered遭受；B. escaped逃走；C. learned学会；D. heard 听见。根据常识和my parents still help us可知小时候是从父母那里和书上学知识，learn from…“从……当中学习”，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：我们现在多数在电脑上学习，尽管父母还是会帮助他们。A. though虽然；尽管；B. because因为；C. so因此；D. otherwise否则。上文提到作者和双胞胎妹妹现在多数是在电脑上学习，尽管父母还是会帮助他们。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们对所学东西感到困惑时，父母仍然帮助我们。A. crazy疯狂的；B. concerned有关的；C. upset心烦的；D. puzzled困惑的。我们对所学东西感到困惑的时候会求助于父母，他们会帮助我们。puzzle about sth.“对某事感到困惑”，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们镇上有一个很大的家庭学校社区，他们经常举办活动。A. events活动；B. incidents事件；C. exams考试；D. competitions竞争。根据we can talk and play together happily 可知是举办活动，其他选项不符合句意。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们镇上有一个很大的家庭学校社区，他们经常举办活动以便我们可以一起开心地聊天、玩耍，变得更善于交际。A. special特别的；B. formal正式的；C. famous有名的；D. social 社会的，社交的。上文提到了学校家庭社区会举办很多活动，就是为了我们可以在一起开心地玩耍和交流，并变得更加善于交际。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们有一个自主学习“合作社”,一些妈妈们作为志愿老师。A. experienced熟练的；B. voluntary自愿的；C. professional专业的；D. official 官方的，正式的。因为是家庭学校合作社，所以一些妈妈们是当志愿老师，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们按照年龄分班，而不是成绩。A. charged负责；B. marked标记；C. remembered记住；D. sorted 分类。此处指的是按年龄分班，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们为别人做的每一件事都会得到别人的赞赏，这对我来说很有效。A. works工作；起作用；B. organizes组织；C. deals处理；D. benefits有益。根据下文的well for me，可知这种方式对作者来说非常有效，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我立刻就学了创造性写作。A. summary总结性的；B. creative有创造力的；C. practical实际的；D. journal日记。根据下文I can learn to express new ideas perfectly 可知这是一门教学生表达新想法的课程，即有创造性的课程，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们也学习生产，这是由我妈妈教授的。A. sister姐妹；B. friend朋友；C. mom妈妈；D. teacher老师。上文提到了参加合作社之前，作者是由父母教授知识的，还提到了妈妈们作为志愿老师，故作者是由自己的妈妈教授的“生产”课程。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学到的一些最有趣的东西来自和父母的对话。A. bargains交易；B. conversations对话；C. lessons课程；D. touches 接触。根据下文we have long talks about history, politics, literature 可知作者和父母关于历史、政治和文学进行了长谈，即从“对话”中学习。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们都是知识渊博的人，我们经常谈论历史、政治、文学，这只是其中的一部分。A. knowledgeable知识渊博的；B. positive积极的；C. busy忙碌的；D. strict严格的。根据后文谈话的内容涉及历史、政治和文学可知，作者的父母都是“知识渊博”的人，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都是知识渊博的人，我们经常谈论历史、政治、文学，这只是其中的一部分。A. call呼叫；B. show展示；C. name命名；叫出；D. bring带来。根据上文谈话的内容包括历史、政治等方面，可知随便说出一些领域作者的父母都知道。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我妹妹更调皮，也比我更经常遇到许多麻烦。A. deals with处理；B. runs into遭遇；C. settles down定居；D. get tired of 厌倦。与more naughty对应，根据常识可知淘气就容易遇到麻烦。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们有时会打架和吵架，但是最近情况有所好转。A. finally最终；B. suddenly突然；C. lately最近；D. regularly定期地。此处是上家庭学校合作社前后的比较，指最近情况有所好转。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我们一直在努力改善我们的行为，想变得更加体贴。A. schedules日程安排；B. home家庭；C. skills技能；D. behavior行为。上文提到两姐妹经常打架，但是最近有所好转是因为他们一直在尽最大努力改进自己的行为，变得更为别人着想。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为家庭学校对我很有帮助。A. treated对待；B. won赢得；C. served服务；起作用；D. raised 抚养。通过作者的改变可知家庭学校对作者非常“起作用；有效”，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我有了更大的词汇量，变得更聪明。作为结果，我得到了更好的成绩。A. As a result结果；B. As usual像往常一样；C. On purpose故意地；D. By chance意外地。上文提到了家庭学校对作者很有帮助，作者有了更多的词汇，变得更聪明了，这些导致作者获得了更好的成绩。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我算是有点名气了，即使不是最受欢迎的女孩。A. generous大方的；B. responsible负责的；C. selfless无私的；D. popular受欢迎的。文中并未涉及作者大方，负责，无私等内容，此处对应上文的well-known“著名的；众所周知的”，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhong Nanshan, ____41____ 84-year-old man, is also an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, a famous respiratory(呼吸的)expert, and a leading figure in the ____42____ (prevent) and control of respiratory infectious diseases in China.
In the spring of 2003, the SARS epidemic broke ____43____in China and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan not only led but also took an active part in the battle against SARS. ____44____ it was dangerous, Zhong Nanshan worked hard day and night, ____45____ ( treat) the patients. Through their hard work for several months, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved a ____46____ (succeed) result. Soon the SARS epidemic was stopped.
Seventeen years later, when the novel coronavirus pneumonia appeared, he still fought against the virus in the first line of the battle to find the best medicine ____47____ (overcome) the virus. Zhong Nanshan ____48____ (award) the Medal of the Republic, which honored a number of extraordinary figures for their outstanding contributions ____49____the people’s Republic of China’s development since _____50_____ (it) founding in 1949.
【答案】41. an 42. prevention
43. out 44. Although##Though
45. treating
46. successful
47. to overcome
48. was awarded
49. to 50. its
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了钟南山院士在非典和这次新冠疫情中所作出的巨大贡献，因此被授予共和国勋章。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：钟南山，一位84岁的老人，也是中国工程院院士、著名呼吸系统专家、中国呼吸道传染性疾病防治的领军人物。84-year-old man作Zhong Nanshan的同位语，泛指“一位84岁的老人"，应使用不定冠词，84-year-old的发音以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：钟南山，一位84岁的老人，也是中国工程院院士、著名呼吸系统专家、中国呼吸道传染性疾病防治的领军人物。此处位于定冠词the后，与and后的control是并列成分，作介词in的宾语，应使用名词，且在此处表示抽象意义，应为不可数名词。故填prevention。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意： 2003年的春天，非典传染病在中国和全球爆发。break out为固定搭配，意为“暴发”。故填out。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然很危险，钟南山夜以继日的工作，治疗病人。结合句意可知，分句与主句之间是转折关系，应使用转折连词。句子首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然很危险，钟南山夜以继日的工作，治疗病人。worked为主句的谓语动词，设空处前后无连接词，应用的非谓语动词形式作状语，动词treat 与主语Zhong Nanshan为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填treating。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：经过几个月的努力，钟南山和同事们取得了成功。此处修饰名词，应使用形容词作定语，successful形容词，意为“令人瞩目的”。故填successful。
【47题详解】
考查不定式。句意：17年后，当新型冠状病毒肺炎出现时，他仍在抗击病毒的战役的第一线，寻找战胜病毒的最佳药物。当被修饰词前有序数词、形容词最高级由the only/very/best修饰时，用不定式作后置定语。故填to overcome。
【48题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：负责荣誉表彰的工作委员会宣布，钟南山被授予共和国勋章，该委员会表彰了许多自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来为国家发展做出突出贡献的模范人物。award与Zhong Nanshan 是被动关系，应使用被动语态；由a working committee for honour-granting said可知，应使用一般过去时。故填was awarded。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：负责荣誉表彰的工作委员会宣布，钟南山被授予共和国勋章，该委员会表彰了许多自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来为国家发展做出突出贡献的模范人物。contributions to…为固定用法，表示“对…的贡献”, 故填to。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：负责荣誉表彰的工作委员会宣布，钟南山被授予共和国勋章，该委员会表彰了许多自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来为国家发展做出突出贡献的模范人物。修饰名词founding应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第三节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。
independent regular disappoint patient acknowledge permit maintain patent hesitate found
51. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes and _________.
52. I think children should develop the habit of working and living _________.
53. There is a wild road leading through the park, but nobody can walk on it without _________.
54. Without a moment’s _________, she jumped into the river to save the drowning girl.
55. In 1999, Jack Ma _________ Alibaba with a group of friends in a shared apartment, struggling for years to get it off the ground.
56. I am an inventor and have had dozens of _________ awarded to me in the past 35 years.
57. Whenever I made mistakes, my teacher always pointed them out with _________.
58. The doctor told me to take the medicine _________ three times a day.
59. The professor’ argued against admiring foreign festivals blindly and insisted that some traditional customs should _________.
60. It’s generally _________ that education plays a vital role in one’s future development.
【答案】51. disappointment
52. independently
53. permission
54. hesitation
55. founded
56. patents
57. patience
58. regularly
59. be maintained
60. acknowledged
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的生活目标是永远不要说这些话，因为它们传达了遗憾、失去的机会、错误和失望。根据连词and前并列名词regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes可知，用名词形式。结合句意，用disappoint的名词形式disappointment，表示“失望”之意。故填disappointment。
【52题详解】
考查副词。句意：我认为孩子们应该养成独立工作和生活的习惯。修饰动词用副词形式。结合句意，用independent的名词形式independently，表示“独立地”之意。故填independently。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：有一条小路穿过公园，但未经允许任何人不得在上面行走。介词without后接名词形式。结合句意，用permit的名词形式permission，表示“允许”之意。故填permission。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：她毫不犹豫地跳进河里去救那个溺水的女孩。名词所有格moment’s后接名词形式。结合句意，用hesitate的名词形式hesitation，表示“犹豫”之意。故填hesitation。
【55题详解】
考查动词。句意：1999年，马云和一群朋友在一套合租公寓里创立了阿里巴巴，多年来一直在努力让它起步。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语In 1999可知，用一般过去时。结合句意，用动词found，表示“成立”之意。故填founded。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：我是一名发明家，在过去的35年里，我获得了数十项专利。dozens of 后接可数名词的复数形式。结合句意，用名词patent，表示“发明专利”之意。故填patents。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：每当我犯错误时，我的老师总是耐心地指出来。介词with后接名词形式。结合句意，用patient的名词形式patience，表示“耐心”之意。故填 patience。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：医生告诉我要定时服药，一天三次。修饰动词用副词形式。结合句意，用regular的名词形式regularly，表示“定期地”之意。故填 regularly。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：这位教授反对盲目崇拜外国节日，并坚持认为应该保留一些传统习俗。情态动词should后接动词原形。结合句意，用动词maintain，表示“保留”之意，与从句主语some traditional customs之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填be maintained。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们普遍认为教育对一个人的未来发展起着至关重要的作用。固定句型：It’s generally acknowledged that…人们普遍认为……。故填acknowledged。
第四节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意，从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
so as to be about to commit oneself to come to power due to carry on result in broaden one’s horizons according to in return
61. When Hitler _________, many people were forced to leave their country.
62. Frank has been punished by his parents _________ his carelessness in the examination.
63. This is because people believe in the importance of _________ space exploration despite the huge risks.
64. It was lack of confidence that _________ his failure in the competition.
65. The mother covered the baby _________ protect him from being hurt.
66. I’ll clean every room in your shop, _________, I need money to get to Egypt.
67. The teacher _________ do an experiment when a student knocked over the equipment by accident.
68. Some people prefer to go out for travelling since it can increase their knowledge and _________.
69. _________ what Tom said, the accident happened by chance.
70. The young doctor _________ the cause (事业) of treating the patients who were suffering from the COVID-19.
【答案】61. came to power
62. due to 63. carrying on
64. resulted in
65. so as to
66. in return
67. was about to
68. broaden their horizons
69. According to
mitted himself to
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：希特勒上台后，许多人被迫离开自己的国家。考查从句谓语动词，根据主句“many people were forced to leave their country”可知，从句谓语动词时态为一般过去时；同时根据句意可知，空处指的是希特勒上台执政。短语“come to power”，意为“开始执政”，符合句意。故填came to power。
【62题详解】
考查短语。句意：由于弗兰克在考试中粗心，他受到了父母的惩罚。根据空后的“his carelessness in the examination”可推测，空处为介词短语，指“因为”。短语“due to”，意为“因为”，符合句意。故填due to。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为人们相信尽管有巨大的风险，但进行太空探索的重要性。根据空后的“space exploration”可判断，空处指的是“进行、从事”；分析句子成分可知，空处为动名词形式担当宾语。动词短语“carry on”，意为“进行”，符合句意。故填carrying on。
64题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏信心，他在比赛中失败了。考查谓语动词，主语是“lack of confidence”，空后为“his failure in the competition.”，由此可推测，空处指的是“导致”。动词短语“result in”，意为“导致”，符合句意；根据上文可知，时态为一般过去时。故填resulted in。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：母亲给婴儿盖上被子，以免他受到伤害。根据空前“The mother covered the baby”可判断，空后“protect him from being hurt.”是妈妈盖上被子的目的。短语“so as to”，意为“为了……”，符合句意。故填so as to。
66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我会打扫你店里的每个房间，作为回报，我需要钱去埃及。根据上下文内容可判断，“I need money to get to Egypt.”是上文“I’ll clean every room in your shop”所得到的回报。短语“in return”，意为“作为回报”，符合句意。故填in return。
【67题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：老师正要做实验时，一个学生不小心打翻了仪器。根据句意可知，空处表“正要做某事”；再根据从句时态可知，主句时态为一般过去时。短语“be about to”，意为“正打算做某事”，符合句意。故填was about to。
【68题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：有些人喜欢出去旅游，因为它可以增加他们的知识，开阔他们的视野。考查并列谓语，根据“increase their knowledge”可知，空处指的也是旅游的好处。短语“broaden one’s horizons”，意为“开阔他们的视野”，与上文一致。故填broaden one’s horizons。
【69题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：根据汤姆所说，事故是偶然发生的。分析句意可知，主句“the accident happened by chance”是根据汤姆所说的话得知的。短语“according to”，意为“根据”，符合句意；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填According to。
【70题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：这位年轻医生献身于治疗新冠肺炎患者的事业。根据主语“The young doctor”以及空后宾语“the cause (事业) of treating the patients”可判断，空处为本句谓语动词，意为“献身于……、致力于……”；根据从句时态，可判断主句时态为一般过去时。短语“commit oneself to”，意为“献身于……”，符合句意。故填committed himself to。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Mark Twain, like you know, was famous in his days as the public speaker. He always liked to play joke on his friends. One day, the one of his friends lost their wallet and asked him to buy a train ticket for him. “But I don’t have enough money to pay both your ticket and mine,” Mark Twain said. The friend didn’t know what to do. “Let’s do this,” Mark Twain saying, “You can get off the train and when the conductor comes to check the ticket you can hide under my seat.” Later, however, when the conductor comes to check the ticket, Mark Twain gave him two tickets— one for him and the other for his friend.
【答案】1. like → as
2. the → a
3. joke → jokes
4. 去掉the
5 their → his
6. pay后加for
7. saying → said
8. off → on
9. comes → came
10. him → himself
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马克·吐温作为一个公共演讲者，总是喜欢开朋友的玩笑。一次他又戏弄朋友说自己没钱为其买票，让朋友躲在自己的座位下，然而其实他买了两张票。
【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：正如你所知，马克·吐温在他的时代是一个著名的演说家。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指“正如”，用as引导。故将like改为as。
2. 考查冠词。句意：正如你所知，马克·吐温在他的时代是一个著名的演说家。修饰可数名词单数，泛指，用不定冠词。故将the改为a。
3. 考查短语。句意：他总是喜欢和朋友开玩笑。短语：play jokes on，意为“拿……开玩笑”，符合句意。故将joke改为jokes。
4. 考查固定搭配。句意：有一天，他的一个朋友丢了钱包，让他给他买张火车票。固定搭配：one of the +名词的复数，在one前不需要用冠词。故将the去掉。
5. 考查代词。句意：有一天，他的一个朋友丢了钱包，让他给他买张火车票。根据主语“one of his friends”可知，是一个朋友丢了钱包，因此代词用his而不是their。故将their改为his。
6. 考查短语。句意：“但是我没有足够的钱来支付你和我的机票，”马克·吐温说。短语“pay for”，意为“为……付钱”，符合句意。故在pay后加for。
7. 考查时态。句意：“我们这样做吧，”马克·吐温说，“你可以上火车，当列车员来检票时，你可以躲在我的座位下面。” 这里为本句谓语动词，主语为“Mark Twain”，和动词“say”之间为主动关系；再根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故将saying改为said。
8. 考查短语。句意：“我们这样做吧，”马克·吐温说，“你可以上火车，当列车员来检票时，你可以躲在我的座位下面。”根据句意可知，马克吐温是让自己的朋友“上火车”而不是“下火车”，用短语get on而不是get off。故将off改为on。
9. 考查时态。句意：然而，后来当售票员来检票时，马克·吐温给了他两张票——一张给他自己，另一张给他的朋友。这里为本句谓语动词的时态，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故将comes改为came。
10. 考查代词。句意：然而，后来当售票员来检票时，马克·吐温给了他两张票——一张给他自己，另一张给他的朋友。根据句意可知，售票员来检票，自然是检查马克吐温和朋友的车票。由此可推测，一张票是马克吐温自己的，用反身代词。故将him改为himself。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 假设你是李华，你所在的班级举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点
1.获得新知识； 2.从太空取得新资源； 3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 1.耗资巨大； 2.宇航员的安全问题。 ……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Different students have different attitudes towards it.
Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human being. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.
However others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space.
In my opinion, people should be pioneering, and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生就班会讨论的主题：太空的意义，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
态度、观点：attitude → opinion / viewpoint / perspective
重要的：important → significant / crucial
其次：second → then / in the second place / besides
在我看来：in my opinion → from my perspective / as far as I am concerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value.
拓展句：However, those who are strongly against it believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.(运用了it形式宾语和because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)霍城县江苏中学2023-2024学年第一学期9月阶段检测
高二英语试卷
试卷满分：150分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
For children, space is magical — a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children’s books about space and the solar system.
Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington
This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid’s collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up.
Space by Libby Jackson
This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser-known scientific achievements related to space exploration.
Chasing Space by Leland Melvin
This is Melvin’s story about being a football player-turned-astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs.
System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar
The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
1. What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common
A. They include less-known astronauts. B. They tell about scientists’ childhood.
C. They cover women exploring space. D. They are suitable for children of all ages.
2. Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments
A. Stasia Burrington’s. B. Libby Jackson’s.
C. Leland Melvin’s. D. David A. Aguilar’s.
3. What is unique to System and Beyond
A. It has beautiful pictures. B. It tells about space artists.
C. It has won many grand awards. D. It was written by an astronomer.
B
Jane Goodall is a famous animal behaviorist and has spent many years observing the behavior of chimps in their native habitat. Jane Goodall was born on April 3rd, 1934 in London, England. Her childhood dream was to spend time with animals in the wild. In particular, she was drawn to Africa and the dream of seeing wild animals in their native habitat. It was an unusual dream for a girl at the time, but her parents said to her, “We know it’s different, but we are at your back.”
In 1956, Jane jumped at the opportunity to travel to a friend’s farm in Kenya. It was there that Jane met the famous anthropologist, Dr. Louis S.B. Leakey. Leakey was impressed with Jane’s passion and knowledge of Africa and wildlife.
In 1960, Leakey and Jane began an important study of wild chimps by Lake Tanganyika. The chimps showed some fascinating habits to the group. These included meat eating, which is completely different from the previous opinion about chimps. Also, Jane saw chimps making tools to catch insects. This was an important discovery because, at the time, it was assumed only humans made tools.
The study of chimps in their native habitat was a significant event, leading to many new observations. Jane’s first article My life among wild chimpanzees was published in National Geographic in 1963. Some aspects of the study were challenged. For example, some feared her decision to feed the animals might have distorted their behavior and made them more aggressive (好斗的).
In 1977, Jane set up the Jane Goodall Institute which promotes plans to look after chimps and their environment. The institute has many networks and programs all over the world.
4. How did Jane Goodall’s parents respond to her childhood dream
A. They supported her. B. They laughed at her.
C. They worried about her. D. They got angry with her.
5. What did people think of chimps previously
A. Chimps were used to living alone.
B. Chimps were good at making tools.
C. Chimps were thought not to eat meat.
D. Chimps liked eating insects very much.
6. What does the underlined word “distorted” in the last but one paragraph mean
A. Affected B. Trained C. Protected D. Controlled
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The secrets of chimpanzees
B. The mysteries of African land
C. Jane Goodall—a friend of the wild world
D. Jane Goodall—a woman living with chimps
C
On Monday, August 21, millions of Americans across the country wore their protective eyeglasses to watch the highly expected total solar eclipse (日全食). Though eclipses, which occur about every 18 months, are not rare, this one was historic. It was not only the first total solar eclipse visible from the mainland US in more than38 years, but also the first to be seen coast to coast in almost a century.
The crowds were thrilled as the moon briefly blocked the sun, covering cities all the way from Oregon to South Carolina with darkness. Many people felt cold as the temperature dropped dramatically, by up to 12degrees Fahrenheit, during totality. Those fortunate enough to have clear skies not only saw the corona (日冕), the sun’s outer atmosphere, which is usually not visible in the sun’s glare, but also the bright stars and planets.
Unfortunately, the weather was not cooperative everywhere. The crowds who gathered in Charleston, South Carolina, the last big city in the path of totality, had to struggle against a thick cloud cover when the partial eclipse began at 1:17 pm. It did thin out a little as totality took place at 2:46 pm, allowing for a good view of the eclipse, but not the sun’s corona! However, some spectacular flashes of lightning that occurred just as the moon covered the sun helped ease the disappointment somewhat.
The rare event, believed to be the most observed and most photographed eclipse in history, was a huge success. As Bill Nye or “the Science Guy” briefly put it, “Experiencing an eclipse changes the way we feel about space and how we are connected. This moment will remind us all that we share a common origin among the stars and that we are all citizens of the same planet.”
8. What can we know about the total solar eclipse
A People in Oregon were unable to see it.
B. Many Americans looked forward to it.
C. The temperature on that day went higher.
D. It last occurred in America 100 years ago.
9. What did the people in Charleston fail to see
A. The moon. B. The corona.
C. A thick cloud cover. D. Flashes of lightning.
10. What does Bill Nye think of the event
A. Disappointing. B. Dangerous. C. Boring. D. Meaningful.
11. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A weather report. B. A travel magazine.
C. A news report. D. A sightseeing guidebook.
D
If you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. If you have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge
You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.
The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done in Antarctica.
Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars 500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.
Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure. Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested
12. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs
A. They will land on Mars in 2023.
B. They can get money from donors.
C. They will compete in a TV show.
D. They do not need special skills.
13. What will be the main responsibility for the first colonists on Mars
A. To create an earth-like environment.
B. To build labs in Antarctica.
C. To spin the spaceship.
D. To start the Mars 500 Mission.
14. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage
A. Easy. B. Adaptable. C. Relaxing. D. Exciting.
15. What can we learn from the text
A. Everyone could be one of the first colonists on Mars.
B. Artificial gravity can make the colonists live better.
C. People can’t handle emotional and physical stresses on Mars.
D. Half of people would want to go on Mars.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before movies had voices, they had music. From silent films to today’s computer-generated ones, film composers use the score to help tell the story.
Music Manipulates (影响) Emotions
The most obvious role music plays in movies is in manipulating the audience’s emotions and bringing them the desired feelings. ____16____ Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, says our brain is born to respond in emotional ways. He says, “Our response to certain kinds of noise is something so strong in us that we can’t switch it off. Film composers know that and use it to shortcut the logical part of our brain and get straight to the emotional centers.”
Music Gets Us in the Mood
The first bars of music in a movie usually establish its style. The low sound of an organ communicates a different atmosphere than light electronica playing a quick tune. ____17____ The music telegraphs whether something is serious, adventurous, joyful or amusing.
Music Introduces People, Places and Things
Music helps viewers understand the story, a trick filmmakers picked up from operas, etc. ____18____ A recent example of this can be found in The Lord of the Rings trilogy, in which, quick music is played for the Hobbits, while the fellowship gets romantically heroic music.
____19____
Movies rely on music to help establish time period, location, cultural heritage or social standing. Using Baroque-style music sets a scene in the 18th century. Back to the Future used Huey Lewis’ The Power of Love for its “present day” scenes and such songs as Earth Angel and Johnny B. Goode for its scenes in the past. ____20____ For example, music that audience thinks to be Russian can set something in Moscow even if the music is actually American in origin.
A. Music places us in time and space.
B. Music doesn’t have to be real for this to be effective.
C. Music enables people to forget about time and space.
D. Composers use music to predict and connect the story.
E. Film composers create theme music for characters, situations or places.
F. The selection of certain sounds creates feelings of happiness, fear or even panic.
G. Film composers carefully choose instruments and sounds to set a mood for each scene.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分75分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My twin sister and I have always been homeschooled, rather than sent to school. And it's wonderful and has changed me greatly. I can’t imagine what my ____21____ would have been like if I wasn’t.
When I was younger, we mostly ____22____ from my parents and textbooks, but now we do most work on the computer, ____23____ my parents still help us when we feel ____24____ about what we learn. There’s a large community of homeschoolers in my town, and they have frequent ___25___ so that we can talk and play together happily and become more ____26____.
In addition, we have a homeschool “co-op(合作社)” where some of the moms serve as___27___ teachers. We’re ____28____ by age rather than grade, but we get appreciation for everything we do for others there and it ____29____ well for me. Right now I’m taking _____30_____ writing, a course in which I can learn to express new ideas perfectly! We also learn production, which is taught by my _____31_____. My best friends go there too, so we have fun learning together.
Some of the most interesting things I learn come from _____32_____ with my mom and dad. They are both very _____33_____ people and we have long talks about history, politics, literature，just to _____34_____ a few. My sister is more naughty and _____35_____ trouble a lot more often than I do. We fight and quarrel sometimes, but things have been better with us _____36_____ , because we have been trying really hard to improve our _____37_____ and become more considerate.
I think homeschool has _____38_____ me well. I have a bigger vocabulary and become more intelligent. _____39_____, I get better grades. I can socialize, too. I’m sort of well known, even if not the most _____40_____ girl. That’s just fine with me.
21. A. voyage B. life C. family D. dream
22. A. suffered B. escaped C. learned D. heard
23. A. though B. because C. so D. otherwise
24. A. crazy B. concerned C. upset D. puzzled
25. A. events B. incidents C. exams D. competitions
26. A. special B. formal C. famous D. social
27. A. experienced B. voluntary C. professional D. official
28. A. charged B. marked C. remembered D. sorted
29. A. works B. organizes C. deals D. benefits
30. A. summary B. creative C. practical D. journal
31 A. sister B. friend C. mom D. teacher
32. A. bargains B. conversations C. lessons D. touches
33. A. knowledgeable B. positive C. busy D. strict
34 A. call B. show C. name D. bring
35. A. deals with B. runs into C. settles down D. get tired of
36. A. finally B. suddenly C. lately D. regularly
37. A. schedules B. home C. skills D. behavior
38. A. treated B. won C. served D. raised
39. A. As a result B. As usual C. On purpose D. By chance
40. A. generous B. responsible C. selfless D. popular
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhong Nanshan, ____41____ 84-year-old man, is also an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, a famous respiratory(呼吸的)expert, and a leading figure in the ____42____ (prevent) and control of respiratory infectious diseases in China.
In the spring of 2003, the SARS epidemic broke ____43____in China and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan not only led but also took an active part in the battle against SARS. ____44____ it was dangerous, Zhong Nanshan worked hard day and night, ____45____ ( treat) the patients. Through their hard work for several months, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved a ____46____ (succeed) result. Soon the SARS epidemic was stopped.
Seventeen years later, when the novel coronavirus pneumonia appeared, he still fought against the virus in the first line of the battle to find the best medicine ____47____ (overcome) the virus. Zhong Nanshan ____48____ (award) the Medal of the Republic, which honored a number of extraordinary figures for their outstanding contributions ____49____the people’s Republic of China’s development since _____50_____ (it) founding in 1949.
第三节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。
independent regular disappoint patient acknowledge permit maintain patent hesitate found
51. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes and _________.
52. I think children should develop the habit of working and living _________.
53. There is a wild road leading through the park, but nobody can walk on it without _________.
54. Without a moment’s _________, she jumped into the river to save the drowning girl.
55. In 1999 Jack Ma _________ Alibaba with a group of friends in a shared apartment, struggling for years to get it off the ground.
56. I am an inventor and have had dozens of _________ awarded to me in the past 35 years.
57. Whenever I made mistakes, my teacher always pointed them out with _________.
58. The doctor told me to take the medicine _________ three times a day.
59. The professor’ argued against admiring foreign festivals blindly and insisted that some traditional customs should _________.
60. It’s generally _________ that education plays a vital role in one’s future development.
第四节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意，从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
so as to be about to commit oneself to come to power due to carry on result in broaden one’s horizons according to in return
61. When Hitler _________, many people were forced to leave their country.
62. Frank has been punished by his parents _________ his carelessness in the examination.
63. This is because people believe in the importance of _________ space exploration despite the huge risks.
64. It was lack of confidence that _________ his failure in the competition.
65. The mother covered the baby _________ protect him from being hurt.
66. I’ll clean every room in your shop, _________, I need money to get to Egypt.
67. The teacher _________ do an experiment when a student knocked over the equipment by accident.
68. Some people prefer to go out for travelling since it can increase their knowledge and _________.
69. _________ what Tom said, the accident happened by chance.
70. The young doctor _________ the cause (事业) of treating the patients who were suffering from the COVID-19.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分
Mark Twain, like you know, was famous in his days as the public speaker. He always liked to play joke on his friends. One day, the one of his friends lost their wallet and asked him to buy a train ticket for him. “But I don’t have enough money to pay both your ticket and mine,” Mark Twain said. The friend didn’t know what to do. “Let’s do this,” Mark Twain saying, “You can get off the train and when the conductor comes to check the ticket you can hide under my seat.” Later, however, when the conductor comes to check the ticket, Mark Twain gave him two tickets— one for him and the other for his friend.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 假设你是李华，你所在的班级举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点
1.获得新知识； 2.从太空取得新资源； 3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 1.耗资巨大； 2.宇航员的安全问题。 ……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
