乌鲁木齐市第八十中学 2023-2024学年
高三上学期11月月考 英语试题
总分120分 考试时间120分钟
一、阅读理解（共40分）
The Four Best Places to Go in Europe for Spring Break
Cheaper flights, lower room rates, fewer tourists, and tons of seasonal activities make this the suitable time to take a real-life Euro-trip.
Budapest, Hungary
For a spa-centric (水疗中心) holiday, consider Budapest. This incredible beauty destination boasts 118 thermal springs — more than any other capital — and a variety of choices of places to “take the waters”, from traditional Turkish baths and Neo-Baroque pools to Art Nouveau spas and modern facilities. Bonus: Hungarians claim these mineral-rich waters are of beneficial cure for skin.
Florence, Italy
The “Cradle of the Renaissance(文艺复兴的摇篮)”, is steeped in classical art and architecture. The Uffizi Gallery displays such masterpieces as “The Birth of Venus” by Sandro Botticelli. Florence is the center of Tuscan cuisine. Its narrow streets and piazzas are decked with alfresco cafés, trattorias, and gelato shops.
Santorini, Greece
Most people think of Santorini as a summer hot spot, but spring bookings are up 94 percent, according to American Express Travel. While it might not be beach weather, there are plenty of benefits to visiting this peaceful and beautiful island during off-peak season. And fewer crowds mean you won’t have to compete with tons of tourists for a front-row seat to the breathtaking sunsets.
Stockholm, Sweden
After the long and harsh winter, spring refreshes Sweden’s capital.(Keep in mind it can still be quite chilly through early May, so pack layers.)Visitors pack into the stylish shops, and art galleries. Plus, warmer weather is ideal for exploring the various events and festivals that take place this time of year. And, of course, no trip would be complete without checking out the Nacka Fountain, among the most awe- inspiring water sculptures in the world.
1．What probably attracts the tourists most in Budapest
A．The incredible beautiful scenery. B．The various thermal springs.
C．The modern facilities. D．The Hungarian bonus .
2．Where can you enjoy both the great classical art and food
A．Budapest, Hungary. B．Santorini, Greece.
C．Florence, Italy. D．Stockholm, Sweden.
3．What is a must for tourists to Stockholm
A．Wearing light clothes. B．Packing into the stylish shops.
C．Exploring various events and festivals. D．Admiring the Nacka Fountain.
At Southmead Hospital in Bristol, researchers are experimenting with robots programmed to interact with patients for simple forms of physiotherapy (物理治疗). Another possible use might be basic bedside checks. Real applications are still some way off, but hospital leaders think this could help ease workforce pressure.
Everyone understands that people want more out of healthcare as they live longer. Hospitals have not enough workforce to meet those demands, and of course, robotics and technology can be taught to repeat unskilled tasks.
The hospital is working with Bristol Robotics Laboratory, looking at future care of patients in their own homes. This device can be controlled remotely to help with basic household tasks. Technology can clearly help those who need assistance at home, but might people feel they lose out from lack of human contact
Professor Praminda Caleb-Solly at Bristol Robotics Laboratory said, “In no way are we looking to replace people, because nurses and doctors always think of what other people need and give them emotional support. The idea here is to improve the quality of care that can be provided. However, there are big questions over what that will mean for patients’ experiences and the impact on staff.”
And away from patients, there’s automation. Robots deliver most supplies around the hospital, including supplies to operating theatres and meals for the wards. They even have their own lifts. Because they do the heavy physical work, staff injuries have been reduced. Robot technology is also at work in the hospital drugstore. Orders for medicines are processed rapidly and made ready for clinical (临床的) teams. Pharmacists (药剂师) say it improves patient safety by eliminating (消除) human error.
Hugh Pym, BBC health editor, says that “robotic devices are thought to offer, potentially, major long-term benefits to hospitals. There’s great potential there.” They won’t necessarily offer cups of tea or even look like this. But the fact that hospital leaders are working with engineers on robotics shows there is a new vision for post-pandemic health and care.
4．What do we know about the robots programmed at Southmead Hospital
A．They will be put to use in the near future.
B．They could control patients’ home at a distance.
C．They can help patients to communicate with doctors.
D．They may make up for the lack of staff in the hospital.
5．What does Professor Praminda Caleb-Solly imply
A．Robots will replace doctors in medical treatment.
B．Robots are favored by patients and medical staff.
C．Robots are less considerate than human medical staff.
D．Robots can be emotional with the help of technology.
6．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 5
A．The theory behind the robotic technology.
B．The advantages of using robots in hospitals.
C．The cooperation between robots and doctors.
D．The effect of automation on medical treatment.
7．What is Hugh Pym’s attitude towards the robotic devices
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Neutral. D．Unclear.
It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they’re meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.
In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to have a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants interacted with a computer alone in a room while their faces were recorded by video.
After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate(评价) their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”, “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were analyzed by computer frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling on a basis of a scale of between 0 and 1.
“According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of amusement. However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isn’t driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.” Dr Witchel said.
Participants didn’t tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.”
8．Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz
A．To discover the most intelligent participants.
B．To create a stressful situation for participants.
C．To make the answer period last as long as possible.
D．To make it hard for participants to answer them correctly.
9．What can we infer from the idea of behavioral ecology
A．Smiles reflect the inner state of cheerfulness.
B．Smiling is associated with objective engagement.
C．Smiling is usually connected with social activities.
D．Smiles aren’t necessarily useful tools in social interactions.
10．Which of the following will Dr Witchel agree with
A．There is a need for further research on smiling.
B．Participants smiled when their answer was correct.
C．Smiles have nothing to do with happiness or frustration.
D．Participants smiled less when they got the answer wrong.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．How to Identify a Real Smile
B．What Contributes to Real Happiness
C．People Hold a Wrong View on Happiness.
D．Smiling Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Happiness.
Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted
A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I’m not even going to seriously try and work it out.
B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt.
Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed. They had a ‘fixed mindset’ and were unable to imagine improving. Some of them looked for someone who had done worse than them to boost their self-esteem.
Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. They become performance-oriented, wanting to please by getting high grades, but they are not interested in learning for its own sake. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement.
Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.
12．What can we learn about a person if his answer is closer to “B”
A．He is performance-oriented.
B．He tends to set limits to his life.
C．He enjoys the process and focuses on the future.
D．He boosts his self-esteem by comparing with others.
13．Which of the following suggestions will Professor Dweck give to parents and teachers
A．To reward children for their high grades. B．To emphasize the importance of intelligence.
C．To ignore the result brought by failure. D．To praise children for their engagement in the process.
14．What does “These children” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Children showing no interest in learning.
B．Children who use fixed mindset techniques.
C．Children from much more privileged backgrounds.
D．Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation.
15．Why does the author write the text
A．To distinguish growth mindset and fixed mindset.
B．To inform readers of the importance of growth mindset.
C．To show several psychological study results.
D．To point out a problem in education at the moment.
二、七选五（共10分）
If you’re shy or anxious by nature,you may worry you’re not a good conversationalist. It’s important to stay engaged in any conversation,so the other person feels valued. 16 . Try to find an observation or insight to get the conversation going. From there, ask questions,listen,and offer insight. This will keep the conversation moving.
Start a conversation
17 . Many people feel more relaxed if they give themselves time to prepare conversation starters ahead of time. You can write down a list of potential conversation starters. You could,for example,talk about an assignment if you’re making a conversation in class.
Keep a conversation moving
People want to feel that the other person isinterested in them. A great way to keep a conversation running smoothly is to ask a series of questions about the other person. 18 . Make a rule that,before you bring up your own experiences or interests, you ask at least one question about what the other person said.
19
When a person is talking,pay attention to what they’re saying. Keep your mind focused on the present moment instead of planning what you’ll say next. It’s inevitable that you will think of something that relates. That’s okay.It can be good to have some responses ready, but don’t spend time thinking of how to word your responses.
Allow the conversation to come to a natural end
Most conversations will run their course. You and the other person may have been exhausted discussing a topic. You may notice natural pauses coming between topics and enthusiasm will have decreased slightly. 20 .
A．Speak clearly and avoid silence
B．When you start a conversation, remain calm
C．Remember to engage in only one thing at a time
D．Practice ahead of time if you’re easy to be anxious
E．Ask questions about what the other person is saying
F．This can help you form a connection with the other person
G．In this case,gracefully leave the conversation on good terms
三、完形填空（共15分）
Thomas Panek made history this week when he became the first blind person to complete the New York City Half Marathon with guide dogs and no human assistance.
With about two thousand people around 21 the game, a group of blind people 22 their New York City Marathon at 9:00 this Wednesday. 23 it was still a little cold as it was raining 24 , the people without their sight ran fast with the help of their 25 . Falling down sometimes, they 26 up and went on running, which was attractive, 27 and encouraging.
Of course, some few dogs didn't 28 their hosts in the right way. As a result, those 29 didn’t finish their task, but they were really 30 . In the end, only about twenty blind people 31 their destination. Among them, Panek did the 32 , who got the first place in the game.
With the 33 of his three dogs named Waffle, Westley and Gus, which 34 leading him throughout the 13.1-mile race, Panek 35 the finishing line in just over 2 hours 20 minutes.
The game 36 at about 12:00, and many people were so 37 by the sport spirit of the blind people that they were not 38 to leave the spot. When asked about his feeling of the game, “no matter what 39 is, " said Panek, 48, who is CEO of Guiding Eyes for the Blind, "don't let 40 tell you that you can't."
21．A．supporting B．watching C．joining D．playing
22．A．started B．held C．caught D．registered
23．A．If B．Since C．Because D．Though
24．A．rarely B．sometimes C．slightly D．usually
25．A．assistants B．sticks C．dogs D．drivers
26．A．added B．looked C．climbed D．rose
27．A．striking B．tiring C．satisfying D．disappointed
28．A．carry B．lead C．require D．bear
29．A．persons B．viewers C．animals D．workers
30．A．sad B．worried C．great D．proud
31．A．sought B．reached C．found D．recognized
32．A．most B．least C．worst D．best
33．A．instruction B．exception C．help D．control
34．A．took turns B．went on C．gave up D．had trouble
35．A．left B．broke C．set D．crossed
36．A．lost B．ended C．continued D．began
37．A．confused B．bored C．pushed D．moved
38．A．sad B．willing C．happy D．satisfied
39．A．job B．position C．challenge D．aim
40．A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．none
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The crispy (松脆的) pancakes, usually called jian bing, are one of China’s most popular 41 (breakfast). You can often see them in the street. The pancakes, 42 are thought to have originated in Shandong Province during the Three Kingdoms Period, have a 43 (long) history than almost any other Chinese street foods. Each pancake 44 (cook) on a circular cast-iron grill, just the way you want it.
Every large city neighbourhood across China has 45 (it) own vendors (摊贩) serving the pancakes to satisfy hungry people on their way to work. In the morning, the vendors appear 46 everything they need. They pack up necessities and put them on the back of a bicycle or a motorbike. 47 (preserve) the crispness and freshness of the pancakes, the vendors 48 (bare) make them ahead of time. Waiting for your turn is part of the food culture. Of course, if pancakes were that easy to make, they would have taken the world by storm long before now. The challenge in making 49 dish is that the batter (面糊) and fillings 50 (use) in the pancakes differ by region. In northern China, the batter may be made of mung bean flour and black bean flour, while on the east coast of China, it’s a combi-nation of wheat flour and bean flour.
五、建议信（共15分）
51．假设你是李华，你在北京的美籍朋友Jack来信跟你抱怨中文难学，他觉得学了很长时间，但进步缓慢，所以沮丧。请用英语给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示理解并给与安慰；
2. 提出有效建议。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
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六、读后续写（共25分）
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Sometimes you can count on (指望) people to do the right thing. When Dave Tally found a backpack with a laptop and an envelope full of cash in 2010, he could have considered it a very lucky day. The homeless man counted $3,300 in the bag, an amount that would make a huge difference in his life. However, as tempting (诱人的) as it was to keep the money, deep down he knew it wasn’t the right thing to do.
Back then, Tally was sleeping in the basements of local churches and trying to save up enough money to fix his only source of transportation: his bike. That money could have bought him, a brand new one. Instead, he turned the bag to his boss at the Tempe Community Action Agency, an organization that helps homeless people in the area find jobs. Tally had been working there part-time.
“Finding the envelope with the cash was just exciting. There were lots of crazy thoughts that went through my head,” Tally told ABC News at the time. “I went into the survival mode for a moment, actually more than a moment, thinking about all the things I could do for myself.”
“I beat myself up pretty hard for even thinking I would spend one cent of that person’s money,” Tally added.
After Tally made up his mind to return the bag, he faced the problem of tracking down its owner. There were no identifiers on the backpack or a way to get into the laptop without a password. But then someone suggested checking the flash drive (闪存盘) that they’d also found inside the bag to see if it held any clues (线索).
It sure did. Arizona State University student Bryan Belanger had uploaded his resume (简历) to the drive, easily providing Tally with his contact information. As it turned out, Bryan Belanger was carrying that cash because he was buying a used car from Craigslist website, and he accidentally left his belongings in a station on the way to work.
Paragraph 1:
Belanger was regretful for his carelessness and thought his backpack was gone forever.
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Paragraph 2:
Tally said the day he found the money’s rightful owner was the day his life changed.
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月考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了四个欧洲春假最好的旅游目的地。
1．细节理解题。根据Budapest, Hungary部分的For a spa-centric (水疗中心) holiday, consider Budapest. This incredible beauty destination boasts 118 thermal springs(对于以水疗为中心的假期，可以考虑布达佩斯。这个令人难以置信的美丽目的地拥有118个温泉)可知，布达佩斯最吸引游客的是各种温泉。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Florence, Italy部分的The “Cradle of the Renaissance(文艺复兴的摇篮)”, is steeped in classical art and architecture.(这个“文艺复兴的摇篮”，充满了古典艺术和建筑)和Its narrow streets and piazzas are decked with alfresco cafés, trattorias, and gelato shops(它狭窄的街道和广场上装饰着露天咖啡馆、剧院和冰淇淋店)可知，在意大利的佛罗伦萨既可以欣赏伟大的古典艺术也可以享受美食。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Stockholm, Sweden部分的And, of course, no trip would be complete without checking out the Nacka Fountain, among the most awe- inspiring water sculptures in the world.(当然，如果不去看看纳卡喷泉，世界上最令人敬畏的水雕作品之一旅行是不完整的)可知，去瑞典的斯德哥尔摩必须去看看纳卡喷泉。故选D。
4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款用于医院的机器人，可以缓解医院的人员压力，为患者提供简单的物理治疗。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Real applications are still some way off, but hospital leaders think this could help ease workforce pressure.(真正的应用还有一段路要走，但医院领导认为这可能有助于缓解劳动力压力)”可知，Southmead医院的编程机器人可能会弥补医院工作人员数量的不足。故选D项。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“In no way are we looking to replace people, because nurses and doctors always think of what other people need and give them emotional support.(我们绝不是在寻找替代者，因为护士和医生总是考虑其他人需要什么，并给予他们情感上的支持)”可知，Praminda Caleb-Solly教授认为人类护士和医生会考虑病人需要什么并给予他们情感上的支持，这是机器人做不到的。由此可知，Praminda Caleb-Solly教授的话表明机器人不如人类医务人员体贴。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“Robots deliver most supplies around the hospital, including supplies to operating theatres and meals for the wards. They even have their own lifts. Because they do the heavy physical work, staff injuries have been reduced. Robot technology is also at work in the hospital drugstore. Orders for medicines are processed rapidly and made ready for clinical (临床的) teams. Pharmacists (药剂师) say it improves patient safety by eliminating (消除) human error.(机器人在医院周围运送大部分用品，包括手术室用品和病房膳食。它们甚至有自己的电梯。由于它们从事繁重的体力劳动，员工受伤的情况有所减少。机器人技术也在医院药房中发挥作用。快速处理药品订单，为临床团队做好准备。药剂师说，它通过消除人为错误提高了患者的安全)”可知，作者在第五段想要告诉我们在医院使用机器人的优势。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Hugh Pym, BBC health editor, says that “robotic devices are thought to offer, potentially, major long-term benefits to hospitals. There’s great potential there.” (英国广播公司健康编辑Hugh Pym表示，“机器人设备被认为可以为医院带来潜在的长期利益。这方面潜力巨大。”)”可知，Hugh Pym认为机器人设备可以为医院带来潜在的长期利益，潜力巨大。由此可知，Hugh Pym对机器人设备的态度是肯定的。故选A项。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微笑仅仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to play a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong.（在他的研究中，他让44名年龄在18-35岁之间的参与者玩一个由9道难题组成的地理智力测验游戏，这样他们的答案就会经常出错。）”由此可知，Witchel博士在问答游戏中使用难题是为了使参与者很难正确回答。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isn’t driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.’ Dr Witchel said.（“然而，行为生态学的观点认为，所有的微笑都是社交中使用的工具，这意味着快乐既不是微笑的必要条件，也不是微笑的充分条件。我们的研究表明，在这些人机交互实验中，微笑不是由快乐驱动的；它与主观参与有关，就像一种微笑的社交燃料，即使是独自与电脑进行社交。”Witchel博士说。）由此我们可以从行为生态学理论中推断出，微笑通常与社会活动有关。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participants didn’t tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.（在试着找出答案的过程中，参与者往往不会微笑。然而，当电脑告诉他们答案是否正确时，他们确实微笑了。令人惊讶的是，当参与者回答错误时，他们微笑的次数更多。维切尔博士补充说:“在这些电脑测试中，他们在回答错误的问题后微笑大大增加。这种行为不能用幸福或沮丧的评分来解释。”）由此可知，在Witchel博士会同意，当答案正确时，参与者微笑了。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they're meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr. Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.（人们普遍认为，微笑意味着一个人很快乐，通常出现在他们与另一个人或一群人见面的时候。然而，身体语言专家Harry Witchel博士领导的一项新研究表明，情况并非总是如此。）”结合文章主要说明了人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微笑仅仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。由此可知，D选项“微笑并不一定意味着快乐”最符合文章标题。故选D。
12．C 13．D 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例“对同一个问题的不同反应”来引出主题——成长心态和固定心态。引用了心理学家们的理论和实验结果来对成长心态和固定心态进行区别，并且侧重了成长心态的重要性。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段“B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt.(B:啊，这有点棘手，但是我喜欢逼一下自己。即使我没有得到正确的答案，也许我会在尝试中学到一些东西。)”可知，B答案的同学会积极地面对问题，并且尝试从中学习到一些东西，这是一种积极的反应；结合第四段“Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. (斯坦福大学(Stanford University)的心理学家卡罗尔·德韦克(Carol Dweck)在她职业生涯的早期给一组10岁的孩子提出了一些对他们来说稍微太难的问题。其中一组反应积极，喜欢这项挑战。她说，他们有一种“成长心态”，专注于未来能取得的成就。)”可知，对于困难的问题能做出积极反应的孩子会享受这个过程，关注未来。所以一个人的答案接近B答案的话，那么他会享受这个过程，关注未来。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement.(德韦克教授认为，目前的教育存在问题。多年来，孩子们一直因他们的智力或天赋而受到赞扬，但这使他们很容易失败。他们变得以表现为导向，想通过取得高分来取悦他人，但他们对学习本身不感兴趣。根据Dweck的说法，解决方法是引导他们成为以掌握为导向的人(也就是说，有兴趣在某件事上做得更好)。她认为，长期不懈的努力是取得卓越成就的关键。)”可知，Dweck教授认为掌握一件事是非常重要的，并且要长期坚持不懈地努力，由此可推知，她给到父母和老师的建议是表扬孩子们在这个过程中的参与。故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.(心理学家一直在测试这些理论。在美国印第安人保留地，表现不佳的学生接触了一年的成长心态技术。结果简直令人难以置信。他们在地区测试中名列前茅，击败了那些拥有更多特权背景的孩子。这些孩子以前觉得努力是愚蠢的标志，但他们逐渐把努力看成是学习的关键。)”可知，他们测试的对象是这些underperforming school children on a Native American reservation(美国印第安人保留地的表现不佳的学生)，由此可知此处的these children指的是“美国印第安人保留地的表现不佳的学生”。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted (回想一下你在数学课上，老师出了一道难题。下面两种反应哪一种更接近你的反应 )”可知作者以这个问题和两种回答引出本文的话题，而最后一段“Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.(心理学家们一直在检验这些理论。在印第安人保留地，表现不佳的孩子接触了成长心态技术一年。结果简直令人难以置信。他们在地区考试中排名第一，击败了来自更多特权背景的孩子。这些孩子以前曾觉得努力是愚蠢的表现，但他们开始把努力看作是学习的关键。)”由此可知，作者写这篇文章是想要说明成长心态的重要性，让读者重视这一点。故选B。
16．B 17．D 18．E 19．C 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章就一些不善于谈话的人，如何让与他人的对话保持继续提出了一些建议。
16．根据后文的“Try to find an observation or insight to get the conversation going. (试着找到一个观察或见解来使对话继续)”可知，此处强调要找到一个观察或见解来使对话继续，由此前文应该强调如何让对话开始。B选项“When you start a conversation, remain calm.(当你开始谈话时，保持冷静)”符合语境，强调刚开始对话的时候要保持冷静，与下文的保持对话形成呼应。故选B。
17．根据后文“Many people feel more relaxed if they give themselves time to prepare conversation starters ahead of time. (如果提前花点时间准备好开场白，很多人会觉得更放松)”可知，很多人提前花时间准备，会感觉很放松。此处强调“提前练习”的重要性。D选项“Practice ahead of time if you’re easy to be anxious.( 如果你是容易焦虑的人，提前练习)”引起下文。故选D。
18．根据前文“A great way to keep a conversation running smoothly is to ask a series of questions about the other person.(保持对话顺利进行的一个好方法是问对方一系列的问题)”可知，此处强调如果要保持对话继续，进行提问是一个好方法。后文应该强调如何就对方的谈话进行提问，保持谈话继续。E选项“Ask questions about what the other person is saying.(对对方所说的内容提出问题)”符合语境。故选E。
19．该题为本段的小标题，根据文章的结构，设空处应该选择祈使句。同时根据后文的“When a person is talking, pay attention to what they’re saying. Keep your mind focused on the present moment instead of planning what you’ll say next. It’s inevitable that you will think of something that relates. (当一个人在说话时，注意他们在说什么。把注意力集中在当下，而不是计划接下来要说什么)”可知，此处强调的是当和别人对话的时候，应该把注意力放在当下即关注眼前的对话，做好一件事。C选项“Remember to engage in only one thing at a time.(记住一次只做一件事)”概括本段内容，符合语境。故选C。
20．根据前文“You may notice natural pauses coming between topics and enthusiasm will have decreased slightly.(你可能会注意到话题之间会有自然的停顿，热情会稍微下降)”，可知，后文应该当谈话过程中热情稍微降低的时候应该如何处理。G选项“In this case, gracefully leave the conversation on good terms(在这种情况下，以良好的关系优雅地结束谈话)”中的in this case指代前文的情况，并强调如果当谈话过程中热情稍微降低话，可以以良好的关系优雅地结束谈话，符合语境。故选G。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了托马斯 潘尼克本周创造了历史，他成为第一个在没有人类帮助的情况下，用导盲犬完成纽约市半程马拉松比赛的盲人。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大约2000人观看比赛的情况下，一群盲人于本周三9点开始了他们的纽约市马拉松比赛。A. supporting支持；B. watching观看；C. joining加入；D. playing玩。根据上文“Thomas Panek made history this week when he became the first blind person to complete the New York City Half Marathon with guide dogs and no human assistance.”及下文“they were not 18 to leave the spot.”可知,此处指大约两千人观看了这场比赛。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大约2000人观看比赛的情况下，一群盲人于本周三9点开始了他们的纽约市马拉松比赛。A. started开始；B. held举行；C. caught抓住；D. registered注册。根据“at 9:00 this Wednesday”和最后一段“at about12:00”可知，此处应是指比赛9点开始。故选A。
23．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然因为下着小雨，天气仍然有点冷，但看不见的人在狗的帮助下快速地跑着。A. If如果；B. Since自从；C. Because因为；D. Though尽管。根据“it was still a little cold as it was raining”和空处所在句的后半句“the people without their sight ran fast with the help of their 5 .”可知，前后两句话之间应是让步关系。故选D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然因为下着小雨，天气仍然有点冷，但看不见的人在狗的帮助下快速地跑着。A. rarely很少；B. sometimes有时；C. slightly稍微；D. usually通常。根据“a little cold as it was raining”可知，此处是在解释天有点冷的原因，即即天在下雨,但不大。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然因为下着小雨，天气仍然有点冷，但看不见的人在狗的帮助下快速地跑着。A. assistants助手；B. sticks手杖；C. dogs狗；D. drivers司机。根据第一段中的“with guide dogs”及下一段第一句中的“some few dogs”可知，此处是指盲人参赛者在导盲犬的帮助下跑得很快。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时跌倒了，他们又站起来继续奔跑，这是很吸引人的、引人注目的、令人鼓舞的。A. added增加；B. looked看；C. climbed攀爬；D. rose升起。climb up爬起来。根据空前的“Falling down sometimes”及空后的“ and went on running”可知，此处应是指他们摔倒后又站起来。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时跌倒了，他们又站起来继续奔跑，这是很吸引人的、引人注目的、令人鼓舞的。A. striking显著的；吸引人的；B. tiring令人疲倦的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“attractive”和“encouraging”可知，空处也应填一个与二者意思相近的词，形容这些盲人参赛的场面是吸引人的。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有些狗没有以正确的方式带领它们的主人。A. carry运送；B. lead带领；C. require要求；D. bear容忍。根据“As a result, those 9 didn’t finish their task,”可知，此处指一些狗没有正确的方式引领主人。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，那些人没有完成他们的任务，但他们真的很棒。A. persons人；B. viewers观众；C. animals动物；D. workers工人。根据空前“their hosts”及空后的“didn’t finish their task”可知，此处指那些没有完成任务人。故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，那些人没有完成他们的任务，但他们真的很棒。A. sad悲伤的；B. worried担心的；C. great伟大的；很好的；D. proud骄傲的。根据“As a result, those 9 didn’t finish their task,”和but可知，此处与前面表达的意思是转折关系。故此处表达的是，他们虽然没有成功但是很棒。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，只有大约20名盲人到达了目的地。A. sought寻找；B. reached到达；C. found发现；D. recognized认出。根据“Among them, Panek did the 12 , who got the first place in the game.”可知，大约20名盲人最终到达了目的地。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们之中，潘尼克做得最好，他在比赛中获得了第一名。A. most最多的；B. least最小的；C. worst最糟的；D. best最好的。根据“who got the first place in the game.”可知，潘尼克做得最好。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的3只名叫华夫、韦斯特利和格斯狗的帮助下，轮流带领潘尼克完成13.1英里的比赛，只用了2小时20多分钟就冲过了终点线。A. instruction指令；B. exception例外；C. help帮助；D. control控制。根据“which 14 leading him throughout the 13.1-mile race, Panek 15 the finishing line in just over 2 hours 20 minutes.”可知，潘尼克比赛是在他的狗的帮助下。故选C。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他的3只名叫华夫、韦斯特利和格斯狗的帮助下，轮流带领潘尼克完成13.1英里的比赛，只用了2小时20多分钟就冲过了终点线。A. took turns轮流；B. went on继续；C. gave up放弃；D. had trouble在……有困难。根据“With the 13 of his three dogs named Waffle, Westley and Gus,”及常识可知，潘尼克的三条狗应是轮流引路帮助他完成这个全程为13.1英里的比赛。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的3只狗狗华夫、韦斯特利和格斯的帮助下，轮流带领潘尼克完成13.1英里的比赛，只用了2小时20多分钟就冲过了终点线。A. left离开；B. broke打破；C. set放置；D. crossed穿过。根据上文“Among them, Panek did the 12 , who got the first place in the game.”可知，潘尼克获得了比赛的第一名,故此处应是指“跨过终点线”。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：比赛在12点左右结束，许多人被盲人的运动精神所感动，不愿离开现场。A. lost失去；B. ended结束；C. continued继续；D. began开始。根据“at about12:00”和“and many people were so 17 by the sport spirit of the blind people that they were not 18 to leave the spot.”可知，此处指比赛结束。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：比赛在12点左右结束，许多人被盲人的运动精神所感动，不愿离开现场。A. confused使困惑；B. bored使厌烦；C. pushed推；D. moved移动。根据“by the sport spirit of the blind people”可知，此处指很多观赛的人被盲人的这种体育精神所打动。故选D。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛在12点左右结束，许多人被盲人的运动精神所感动，不愿离开现场。A. sad难过的；B. willing情愿的；C. happy快乐的；D. satisfied满意的。根据“The game 16 at about 12:00, and many people were so 17 by the sport spirit of the blind people”可知，此处指很多人被盲人的体育精神所打动，人们不愿离开比赛现场。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他对比赛的感觉时，48岁的潘尼克说：“无论挑战是什么，不要让任何人告诉你你不能。”他是“引导盲人的眼睛”的首席执行官。A. job工作；B. position位置；C. challenge挑战；D. aim目标。本文主要讲述的是满人在导盲犬的帮助下参加半程马拉松比赛的故事。所以根据语境可知，此句应是点明文章的主题，即“无论面临什么样的挑战，都应该迎难而上”。故选C。
40．考查代词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他对比赛的感觉时，48岁的潘尼克说：“无论挑战是什么，不要让任何人告诉你你不能。”他是“引导盲人的眼睛”的首席执行官。A. anyone任何人；B. someone某人；C. everyone每人；D. none没有人。根据“When asked about his feeling of the game, “no matter what 19 is,"”可知，不论面临什么挑战，都不要让任何人告诉你你不能。故选A。
41．breakfasts 42．which 43．longer 44．is cooked 45．its 46．with 47．To preserve 48．barely 49．the 50．used
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是山东的煎饼的相关情况。
41．考查名词的复数。句意：酥脆的煎饼，通常被称为煎饼，是中国最受欢迎的早餐之一。空前有one of，空格处用复数，故填breakfasts。
42．考查定语从句。句意：煎饼被认为起源于三国时期的山东省，比几乎任何其他中国街头小吃都有更悠久的历史。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词pancakes是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
43．考查比较级。句意：煎饼被认为起源于三国时期的山东省，比几乎任何其他中国街头小吃都有更悠久的历史。由后面的than可知，空格处用比较级longer。故填longer。
44．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：每个煎饼都是在圆形铸铁烤架上烤的，就像你想要的那样。煎饼是被烤，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语pancake是单数，因此空格处是is cooked。故填is cooked。
45．考查物主代词。句意：中国每个大城市都有自己的摊贩，在上班路上为饥饿的人们提供煎饼。one’s own意为“某人自己的”，因此空格处是its。故填its。
46．考查介词。句意：早上，小贩们带着他们需要的一切出现了。根据语境可知，句子表示“小贩们带着他们需要的一切出现了”，空格处意为“有着”，用with，故填with。
47．考查不定式。句意：为了保持煎饼的酥脆和新鲜，商贩们几乎不提前做煎饼。根据语境可知，句子表示“为了保持煎饼的酥脆和新鲜，商贩们几乎不提前做煎饼”，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To preserve。
48．考查副词。句意：为了保持煎饼的酥脆和新鲜，商贩们几乎不提前做煎饼。空格处用副词修饰动词make，bare的副词是barely，意为“几乎不”，故填barely。
49．考查定冠词。句意：制作这道菜的挑战在于，煎饼中使用的面糊和馅料因地区而异。此处用定冠词the特指这道菜，故填the。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作这道菜的挑战在于，煎饼中使用的面糊和馅料因地区而异。that引导的从句中谓语是differ，空格处用非谓语动词，batter (面糊) and fillings和use之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填used。
51．Dear Jack,
I’m sorry that you’re having trouble learning Chinese. It is no easy job and I have heard a lot about the difficulties in Chinese learning, so you are not alone. Here are some tips you may find helpful.
It would be a good idea if you could find as many chances as possible to talk with local people. It is a great way to push you to speak Chinese as well as practice your listening skills. Equally important is reading more. Go to the bookstore ,find some Chinese storybooks suitable for you and set a time to read every day.
It takes time to learn a language. Be patient and you’ll make progress.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你的美籍朋友Jack来信跟你抱怨中文难学，他觉得学了很长时间，但进步缓慢，所以沮丧，请用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
做某事有困难：have trouble doing sth.→have difficulty doing sth.
建议：tip→advice→suggestion
机会：chance→opportunity
建议：suggestion= tip
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：People can easily communicate with each other in distant places.
拓展句：Although people are separated by the very far distance, they can easily communicate with each other.
合并简单句
原句：It takes time to learn a language. Be patient and you’ll make progress.
拓展句：It takes time to learn a language, so be patient and you’ll make progress.
52．Paragraph 1:
Belanger was regretful for his carelessness and thought his backpack was gone forever. When he saw Tally with his backpack, he was so moved that he offered a cash reward which was turned down by Tally. Meanwhile, Tally’s story made the local news, and strangers began sending him cheques and seeking him out to hand him cash in person. As a result, he had more than enough to fix his bike; what’s more, he was able to use his experience to educate others and change the way people think of homeless people.
Paragraph 2:
Tally said the day he found the money’s rightful owner was the day his life changed. From then on, people kept sending him donations to the point where he was able to get his own apartment and stop sleeping in church basements. But he never gave up helping people; he gave some of the donations to Tempe Community Action Agency and encouraged people to provide homeless people with more work opportunities. In his efforts, more homeless people found suitable jobs, improved their living conditions, and turned their lives around.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了流浪汉Dave Tally发现了一个背包里有一台笔记本电脑和一个装满现金的信封，他没有选择把钱留下，而是把袋子交给了他在坦佩社区行动机构的老板，这是一个帮助该地区无家可归者找工作的组织。最终找到了物主Bryan Belanger，人们得知Tally的事迹后也开始帮助Tally。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Belanger后悔自己的粗心大意，以为自己的背包再也找不到了”可知，第一段可描写Belanger找回背包后的感受以及Tally开始得到陌生人的资助。
②由第二段首句内容“Tally说，当他找到这笔钱的真正主人的那天，他的生活发生了改变”可知，第二段可描写Tally的生活发生了怎样的改变以及感悟。
2.续写线索：后悔——找回背包——感动——Tally得到陌生人资助——Tally生活发生改变——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
停止：give up/quit/stop
拒绝：turn down/decline
能够：be able to /be capable of
情绪类
后悔：regretful / repentant
感动：moved /touched
