高二英语期中考试卷
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
National Park Service
Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia
Visitor center assistant
OPPORTUNITY TYPE: Position DIFFICULTY LEVEL: Not Difficult VIRTUAL OR ON-SITE: On-Site DATES: 3 / 2021 - 12 / 31 / 2021
TRAINING REQUIRED: No Training Required SUITABILITY: Grown-ups, Seniors, Teens HOST’S HOUSING: No Housing Available
DESCRIPTION
Ferry (渡船) can hold up to 100 visitors and departs (出发) twice daily to the island. Volunteers will help direct visitors to the parking area and ferry dock (码头) while answering questions about what to do and where to go during a visit.
THINGS THAT NEED TO BE DONE
Meet and greet visitors, answer repetitive questions, give directions, become knowledgeable about local history, clean high touch areas completely.
SKILLS
Office machines
General assistance
Public speaking
Visitor information
ABILITIES NEEDED
Outgoing person who has public speaking skills, able to walk / stand for 30 minutes at a time, willing to learn local history.
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Both being inside visitor center in climate controlled area and being outdoors in different weather conditions.
JOB RISKS
General housekeeping
Trip and fall risks
May have to talk to unhappy visitors
1. What can we learn about the volunteer opportunity from the text
A. It provides housing for volunteers. B. It will last for about a year.
C. It needs past experience. D. It is difficult to do.
2. What will volunteers do on the island
A. Introduce the historical sites. B. Clean the whole site.
C. Tell visitors the way. D. Sell the goods.
3. Who is most likely to get the opportunity
A. One who likes taking care of kids.
B. One who is good at global history.
C. One who is experienced in public speaking.
D. One who is interested in wildlife protection.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是国家公园管理局一则招聘志愿者的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的DATES: 3 / 2021-12 / 31 / 2021(从2021年1月13日到2021年12月31日)可知，该志愿者服务将持续大概一年的时间。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据THINGS THAT NEED TO BE DONE介绍内容中的“Meet and greet visitors, answer repetitive questions, give directions, become knowledgeable about local history, clean high touch areas completely.(与来访者见面，回答重复的问题，指路，了解当地历史，彻底清洁高接触区域)”可知，志愿者的职责之一是为游客指路。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据ABILITIES NEEDED介绍内容中的“Outgoing person who has public speaking skills, able to walk / stand for 30 minutes at a time, willing to learn local history.(性格外向，有公共演讲技巧，能够一次行走/站立30分钟，愿意学习当地历史)”可知，有演讲经验的人很有可能获得此次志愿服务的机会。故选C。
B
Gerty Cori, the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, was born Gerty Theresa Radnitz in Prague in 1896. Gerty decided at the age of sixteen to study medicine. She entered the Realgymnasium at Tetschen, from which she graduated in 1914, and then went to the Medical School of the German University of Prague. While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research. In 1920, the two published the results of their first joint research, received their medical degrees, and married each other.
Gerty’s first research position was as an assistant in the Karolinen Children’s Hospital in Vienna. In 1922, Carl Cori moved to the United States to join the staff of the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo, New York. Gerty Cori moved a few months later, starting as an assistant pathologist ( 病理学家) at the Institute and later rising to an assistant biochemist. In 1928, the Coris became US citizens.
In 1931, Carl Cori accepted the position of chairman of the Department of Pharmacology of the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), while Gerty Cori was hired as a research fellow. In the early 1940s the Coris moved to the Department of Biological Chemistry. Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947, the same year she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the metabolism of glycogen (糖代谢).
In 1947, Gerty Cori began showing the signs of myelofibrosis, an unusual blood disease. She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.
4. What can we learn about Gerty’s husband
A. He shared the same interests with Gerty.
B. He moved to the USA later than Gerty.
C. He married Gerty while in medical school.
D. He studied pathology under the influence of Gerty.
5. Which of the following is the correct order of the events in Gerty’s life
a. She moved to the USA.
b. She won the Nobel Prize.
c. She met her husband Carl.
d. She got a job in the WUSM.
e. She received her medical degree.
A. e, a, c, b, d B. c, e, a, d, b
C. e, c, a, d, b D. c, a, e, b, d
6 What does the underlined word “elevated” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Adapted. B. Defeated. C. Promoted. D. Committed.
7. What can we infer about Gerty from the last paragraph
A. She was satisfied with her later life. B. She was in poor health all her life.
C. She died of a common disease. D. She was very mentally strong.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了美国首位获得诺贝尔生理学奖的女性——格蒂·科里。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research.(在医学院读书期间，格蒂遇到了卡尔·科尼，两人都喜欢滑雪和登山，也都对实验室研究感兴趣。)”可知，格蒂的丈夫卡尔和她有着相同的兴趣爱好。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文可知，格蒂在布拉格大学医学院读书时认识了后来的丈夫；两人于1920年获得医学学位；之后夫妇二人于1922年移民到美国；1931年格蒂和丈夫任职于华盛顿医学院；1947年他们共同获得诺贝尔奖。故选B。
6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947.( Gerty Cori于1943年被任命为研究生物化学和药理学副教授。1947年7月，她被提升为生物化学教授。)”可知，1943年格蒂是副教授，1947年7月她是教授，由此可以推断划线词为“晋升，升职”的意思。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.(她与疾病抗争了十年，直到生命的最后几个月，她都拒绝放弃她的研究。格蒂于1957年10月26日去世。)”可知，即使与病魔做斗争，格蒂也没有放弃自己的研究事业，直到生命的尽头。由此可以推断，她有着十分顽强的生命力，对于科学一片热忱。故选D。
C
When Alex Petrie went to stay with his father he noticed that the 75-year-old walked around several times during the night. This was worrying: his father lived alone and had recently been diagnosed with Lewy body dementia (路易体失智症).
“I was feeling quite nervous about it and wondered if he was doing it every night,” says Petrie. “It‘s not nice to think that he's worried or can't sleep properly.”
But Petrie had recently installed (安装) a smart home system, Howz, in his father's flat. It uses sensors to track movements, feeding the data into an app that family members and close friends can access. Once the Howz system has analysed and established someone's habitual way of doing things, it will send alerts (警报) to the app if there are any changes. For example, if a sensor usually senses movement before 8 am each day — signalling the time the person normally gets up — an alert will be sent if there has been no movement by that time. Relatives can then call in to make sure everything is okay.
Using the app, Petrie could see that his father usually got a good night’s sleep and very rarely walked about during the night. With this knowledge, he was able to provide the right kind of support and care when his father did have a sleepless night.
Howz, which was developed by Intelesant, a Manchester-based health tech company, aims to help people live independently in their own homes and provide peace of mind for their relatives.
Petrie set up two sensors in his father’s flat: one on the front door and another in the hall. “The door sensor is important as I can see whether his carers have visited. It doesn’t tell me who has visited but it’s easy to find out by the time of the day. The sensor in the hall covers the most commonly used area of the flat. It gives us a near-continuous view of whether he's up and about. It’s a little safety net,” says Petrie.
8. What was the problem with Petrie’s father
A. He insisted on living alone.
B. He didn't like the care home.
C. He always went out for a walk at night.
D. He sometimes couldn’t fall asleep at night.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How Howz works.
B. How Howz is tested.
C. Who invented Howz.
D. Why Howz was created.
10. What does Petrie think of Howz
A. It isn’t privacy-friendly.
B. It isn’t safe enough.
C. It is quite helpful.
D. It is big business.
11. What does the author want to tell us in the text
A. Tech shortens the distance between people.
B. Tech is benefiting people’s daily life.
C. Tech affects the way people work.
D. Tech is slowing down aging.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了Alex Petrie如何利用科技手段更好地照顾生病的父亲的故事。
【详解】1.细节理解题。由第一段中的“the 75-year-old walked around several times during the night(这位75岁的老人在夜里四处走动了好几次)”及第四段中的“when his father did have a sleepless night(当他的父亲确实有一个不眠之夜。)”可知，Petrie的父亲有时夜里无法入睡。故选D。
2. 主旨大意题。由第三段中的“It uses sensors to track movements, feeding the data into an app, the Howz system has analysed and established someone's habitual way of doing things(它使用传感器追踪行踪，将数据输入一个应用程序，家人和密友可以访问。)”及“send alerts to the app(向应用程序发送警报)”可知，本段在描述Howz这个智能家居系统的工作原理。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。由第四段“Using the app, Petrie could see that his father usually got a good night's sleep and very rarely walked about during the night. With this knowledge, he was able to provide the right kind of support and care when his father did have a sleepless night.(通过这个应用程序，皮特里可以看到他的父亲通常晚上睡得很好，很少在晚上走动。有了这些知识，他就能够在他父亲失眠的时候提供适当的支持和照顾。)”及最后一段的描述，尤其是“It’s a little safety net(这是个小小的安全网)”可推断，Petrie认为Howz这个智能家居系统很有帮助。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。文章讲述了Alex Petrie如何利用科技手段更好地照顾生病的父亲。由此可推断，作者想通过Petrie的经历说明科技可以给人们的日常生活带来好处。故选B。
D
Many of you know that when we are under stress, our brain requires a certain amount of hand-to-body touching. However, when circumstances are not only stressful but threaten us, the brain causes certain neck behaviors, which are protective, relieving and totally unique.
I first observed the significance of neck behaviors early in my life when my grandmother was almost hit by a car in Miami Beach. At that instant, she immediately covered her neck with her hand. I was surprised that her hand went to her neck and not toward the car.
At university, I saw this same behavior in anatomy (解剖学) classes as we examined animals. Both men and women would cover their necks as they looked down at the smelly animals for the first time. But I also noticed that men and women did it differently. Men tended to grab (抓住) their necks more robustly (用力地), or even massage (按揉) their necks. Women tended to respond conversely. They would do it more delicately (优雅地), using their fingers to cover a very specific area.
Aware that when people are troubled, scared, concerned, worried, or nervous, they cover or touch their necks, I never appreciated the potential use of this very telling behavior until I joined the FBI.
In 1979, while working in Yuma, Arizona, my partner and I went to talk to the mother of a dangerous person. When we knocked on her door, she seemed tense but allowed us in. I asked her many questions about her son and she answered all of them without hesitation.
However, when I inquired, “Is your son in the house ” during that interview, she put her hand to her neck and said, “No, he’s not.” Her body was speaking to me more honestly than her words. The words “son” and “house” together were a threat to her and she touched her neck in the same way my grandmother had done 14 years earlier. That early lesson taught me to pay attention to the neck because few people do.
12. What did the author’s grandmother do when a car was running toward her
A. She placed her hand on her neck. B. She showed her hand to the driver.
C. .She cried out loud. D. She was glued to the spot frightened.
13. What does the underlined word “conversely” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Directly. B. Properly. C. Emotionally. D. Oppositely
14. What can we infer about the mother of the dangerous person
A. Her words showed hesitation.
B. Her neck behavior gave her away.
C. She was completely honest with the author.
D. She was perfectly calm under great threat.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To show body language secrets of the neck.
B. To describe how officers use body language to detect lying.
C. To introduce different types of body language.
D. To explain why men and women react differently to stress.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者早年注意到人在感到有威胁的情况下会把手放在自己的脖子上，并且在FBI的工作中运用这一行为信号来帮助自己判断。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I first observed the significance of neck behaviors early in my life when my grandmother was almost hit by a car in Miami Beach. At that instant, she immediately covered her neck with her hand. (我第一次观察到脖子行为的意义是在我年轻时，当时我的祖母在迈阿密海滩差点被车撞到。那一刻，她立即用手捂住了脖子。)”可知，当汽车朝作者祖母撞去的时候，祖母立刻用手捂住了脖子。故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“But I also noticed that men and women did it differently. (但我也注意到，男性和女性的做法不同。)”可知，男性和女性把手放在脖子上的方式不同。再根据第三段中的“Men tended to grab (抓住) their necks more robustly (用力地), or even massage (按揉) their necks. (男性往往更用力地抓脖子，甚至按摩脖子。)”和“They would do it more delicately (优雅地), using their fingers to cover a very specific area. (她们会更优雅地做，用手指覆盖一个非常特定的区域。)”可知，男性用力抓脖子和女性优雅地抓脖子是两种相反的行为。由此可推测出，conversely意为“相反地”，与oppositely意思最接近。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, when I inquired, ‘Is your son in the house ’ during that interview, she put her hand to her neck and said, ‘No, he’s not.’ Her body was speaking to me more honestly than her words. (然而，在那次面谈中，当我问‘你儿子在家吗？’时，她把手放在脖子上说：‘不，他不在。’她的身体对我说的话比她的话要更诚实。)”可知，当作者询问她的儿子是否在家时，这个女士一边说不在家一边把手放在脖子上，作者通过她的肢体动作明白了真正的答案，她的这一脖子行为出卖了她。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“However, when circumstances are not only stressful but threaten us, the brain causes certain neck behaviors, which are protective, relieving and totally unique. (然而，当环境不仅给我们带来压力，而且威胁到我们时，大脑会引发某些颈部行为，这些行为是保护性的、缓解性的，而且是完全独特的。)”可知，作者在首段提到在面临有压力和威胁的情况时，人会出现有些颈部行为，接着作者通过祖母差点遭遇车祸时的行为、解剖课上男生和女生的表现、与危险人物的母亲谈话时她的反应这三件事具体阐述了脖子行为揭示的秘密。由此可推测出，作者想要说明脖子的肢体语言秘密。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____16____ Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.
I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way. ____17____ Our children will wonder, What is a keyboard We will enter the age of the “brain net”.
Medicine will develop fast, too. We will have cured certain forms of cancer, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. ____18____ Technology will help in this respect. ____19____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically.
____20____ By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them. That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it.
A. We will do a few tests.
B. People will live an easy life.
C. We won’t fear it like we used to.
D. Brain science will have changed communication.
E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc.
F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people.
G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。从几个方面讲述了未来的生活。
【16题详解】
根据空后“Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.（不再在每句话的末尾加上表情符号，他们会直接使用感情交流：比如说生气、开心和激动。）”可知，空后提出了未来的交流方式，故D项“脑科学将会改变交流的方式。”符合，空后说明具体的直接情感交流的方式，故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据本段首句内容“I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really.（真的，我说的是心灵感应。）”可知，本段主要介绍未来通过心灵感应来交流的方式。且空前“We’ll still communicate the traditional way.（我们仍然会用传统的方式交流。）”可知，此空与空前构成转折关系，故F项“但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会”符合，尽管我们会用传统的方式交流，但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句内容“Medicine will develop fast, too.（医疗也会得到快速的发展。）”可知，本段主要介绍未来医疗方面的发展。且根据空前“We will have cured certain forms of cancer, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly.（我们将能治愈一些癌症，并且我们会像对待常见的感冒一样对待癌症，我们会和它一起生活，它也不再是致命的。）”可知，空前提出在未来，癌症不再那么令人感到害怕，故C项“我们也不会像以前那样害怕它。”符合，此空对前文进行小结，癌症不再令人感到害怕，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Technology will help in this respect.（科技在这方面能起到一定的作用。）”空后“Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells.（智能马桶能通过液体活检来发现尿液中含有的癌细胞。）”可知，空前提到科技在医疗方面会有所帮助，空后举出具体的例子，故G项“我们的衣服会发现心脏病的开始，并建议我们去治疗。”符合，举出另一个相关的例子，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them.（到2050年，我认为我们将能够生长很多重要的器官，而不再是任由我们的器官变旧变虚弱，我们可以自行替代这些旧的器官。）”可知，本段主要讲述在未来我们可以自己生长器官，故E项“我们已经可以能通过细胞来生长皮肤、鼻子、耳朵等等。”符合，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chemical Versus Organic Farming
Chemical pesticides and artificial ______21______have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. _____22_____, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops _____23_____ on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in _____24_____. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than ____25____ minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
As an alternative, some farmers have _______26_______ organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers ______27______ keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use _______28_______ from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in ______29______. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops ________30________.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year,and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready again for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that used different ______31______ of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while _______32_______ damage to the environment or to people’s health.
Some people would prefer to stop the use of manmade chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming ______33______ the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to _____34_____ that need. ______35______, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
21.
A. property B. novel C. fertilizers D. passion
22.
A. In reality B. In this sense C. In other words D. In addition
23.
A. displayed B. grown C. distinguished D. adopted
24.
A. potential B. occupation C. root D. nutrition
25.
A. essential B. distinct C. efficient D. ashamed
26.
A. broke down B. switched on C. switched to D. broke up
27.
A. insist on B. call on C. rely on D. focus on
28.
A. advanced technology B. relevant information C. natural waste D. accurate predictions
29.
A. passion B. theory C. phrase D. minerals
30.
A. free of duty B. free of charge C. free of pain D. free of chemicals
31.
A. steam B. modes C. depths D. patents
32.
A. amusing B. avoiding C. assessing D. attaining
33.
A. secures B. stretches C. swings D. serves
34.
A. infer B. meet C. draft D. detect
35.
A. However B. Meanwhile C. For instance D. Therefore
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了化学农业和有机农业的区别。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自20世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料已在农业中广泛使用。A. property财产；B. novel小说；C. fertilizers肥料；D. passion激情。结合常识和句中时间“since the middle of the 20th century”可知，化学农药和人工肥料是近代以来的产物；同时根据第二段中“For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects,”和“As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in 4 .”可知，这里讲的就是化学农药和人工肥料(即化学肥料)。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，这些化学物质可以在土壤和地下水源中停留很长时间。A. In reality实际上；B. In this sense在这个意义上；C. In other words换句话说；D. In addition另外。上文“pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.”和句中“these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.”都是再讲化学农药带来的危害，是并列关系，用In addition(另外)，符合语境。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这影响了土地上种植的作物，反过来又影响了消化它们的动物和人类。A. displayed显示；B. grown种植；C. distinguished辨别；D. adopted采用。根据“crops”和“the land”的关系可推知，作物被种植在土地上，过去分词grown作后置定语。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，营养不丰富。A. potential潜力；B. occupation职业；C. root根；D. nutrition营养。根据句中“grow too fast”和下文“inside there is usually more water”可推知，用化肥的作物长得太快，所以营养不足。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们的外表看起来很漂亮，但里面的水分通常比必需的矿物质多，而且它们的味道也往往不那么好。A. essential非常重要的，必需的；B. distinct独特的；C. efficient有效率的；D. ashamed羞愧的。和水分相比，矿物质是更重要的必需品。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为替代方案，一些农民转向有机农业，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时也转向有机食品。A. broke down出故障；B. switched on打开；C. switched to转换到；D. broke up结束。根据句中“As an alternative”可知，一些农民要转向另一种农业形式——有机农业。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有机农民专注于通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无病害。A. insist on坚持；B. call on号召；C. rely on依靠；D. focus on专注于。根据句中“keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means”可知，这是有机农业的特点，所以也是从事有机农业的农民的专注点。故选D项。
28题详解】
考查名词词组辨析。句意：例如，许多有机农民使用动物的自然粪便作为肥料。A. advanced technology先进技术；B. relevant information相关信息；C. natural waste自然粪便；D. accurate predictions准确预测。结合常识和句中“from animals as fertiliser”可知，用来自动物的自然粪便作肥料。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使得他们田地里的土壤富含矿物质。A. passion热情；B. theory理论；C. phrase短语；D. minerals矿物。根据上文可知，使用化肥的作物缺乏必需的矿物质，结合句中“richer in”可推知，自然粪便就可以解决这个问题，让土壤富含矿物质。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：它还能保持空气、土壤、水和农作物免受化学物质的侵害。A. free of duty不缴关税的；B. free of charge不收费的；C. free of pain无痛苦的；D. free of chemicals无化学物质的。根据上文可知，有机农业通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无病害，使用的是动物的自然粪便作肥料，所以没有化学物质的侵害。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有机农民还种植多种作物，利用不同深度的土壤来保持土壤的肥沃。A. steam蒸汽；B. modes模式；C. depths深度；D. patents专利。根据下文“For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.”可知，有机农民会利用不同的土壤深度来种植不同的作物。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用不同的有机耕作方法的目标是在种植好的食物的同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。A. amusing有趣的；B. avoiding避免的；C. assessing评估的；D. attaining达到的。根据上文可知，有机农业通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无病害，使用有机耕作方法，所以它能避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阻止他们这样做的原因是，化学农业满足了世界各地对食物的高需求。A. secures安全保护；B. stretches伸展；C. swings摇摆；D. serves能满足……的需要。根据第一段中“When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production.”可推知，化学农业是对抗作物疾病和提高产量的好方法，所以它能满足世界各地对粮食的高需求。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有机农业远不能满足这种需求。A. infer推断；B. meet满足；C. draft草拟；D. detect检测。上文说化学农业能满足世界各地对粮食的高需求，结合常识和句中“Organic farming is nowhere near able to”可推知，有机农业无法满足这种需求。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词词义辨析。句意：因此，找到一个合适的解决方案仍然有很长的路要走，既能在餐桌上提供足够的食物，又能尽可能地保持人类和环境的健康。A. However然而；B. Meanwhile同时；C. For instance例如；D. Therefore因此。上文说有机农业无法满足世界各地对粮食的高需求，下文“there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.”讲找到一个合适的解决方案仍然有很长的路要走，上下文是因果关系，用副词therefore(因此)，符合语境。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Confucius, China’s most famous teacher and philosopher, was born Kongqiu in 551 BCE near Qufu, in eastern China. Confucius showed a great interest in academics early on. “At 15, I was ______36______(commit) to learning,” he later told his followers. He studied music, mathematics, the classics, history, and more.
Confucius believed that education and reflection led to virtue. He once worked for the government, but ____37____ (find) far greater success as a teacher instead. Confucius broke with _____38_____(convention) belief and was _____39_____(convince) that all human beings could benefit from education. He gave his support for lifelong learning and appealed ____40____ a wide circle of followers, who knew him as Kongfuzi (Master Kong). Those pupils recorded his words in The Analects, a collection of sayings and ideas.
____41____ stated in The Analects, Confucius believed that social harmony would naturally generate from the proper ordering of individuals in relation to one another, with the family unit as the basic building block of society.
Confucius was ignored _______42_______ (entire) in his own day. When he passed away in 479 BCE, he left behind perhaps 3,000 students, who devoted ( 献身) themselves to ______43______(preserve) and spreading their master’s ideas. _____44_____was recorded in The Analects has guided governments and individuals for thousands of years. Digesting The Analects will boost your understanding about _____45_____ influence on Chinese history and civilization in the process.
【答案】mitted
37. found 38. conventional
39. convinced
40. to 41. As
42. entirely
43. preserving
44. What 45. its
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孔子的个人经历以及《论语》的影响。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“15岁时，我就下定决心要学习，”他后来告诉他的追随者。短语be committed to表示“致力于……”。故填committed。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：他曾为政府工作，但后来当了一名教师，取得了更大的成功。此处find作谓语，根据上文He once worked for the government, but可知为一般过去时。故填found。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：孔子打破了传统观念，坚信全人类都能从教育中受益。修饰后文名词belief，应用形容词conventional，故填conventional。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：孔子打破了传统观念，坚信全人类都能从教育中受益。作表语，主语为Confucius，应用形容词convinced，sb. be convinced that...(某人坚信)。故填convinced。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：他支持终身学习，并吸引了广泛的追随者，他们称他为孔夫子。短语appeal to表示“吸引”。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句省略句。句意：正如孔子在《论语》中所说，他认为社会和谐自然产生于人与人之间的适当秩序，家庭单位是社会的基本组成部分。引导方式状语从句，从句省略了主语Confucius和be动词，表示“正如”应用as，原句为：As Confucius stated in The Analects，首字母大写。故填As。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：孔子在他的时代完全被忽视了。修饰动词ignore应用副词entirely作状语，故填entirely。
43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在公元前479年去世时，他留下了大约3000名学生，他们致力于保存和传播他们老师的思想。作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填preserving。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：《论语》所记载的内容几千年来一直指导着政府和个人。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：在这个过程中，《论语》将加深你对它对中国历史和文明的影响的理解。此处指The Analects的影响，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. Rudolph said no more._________(apparent)he was a man of few words. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：鲁道夫不再说话。看来他是个少言寡语的人。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作状语，需用副词，apparent是形容词，需转换为副词apparently，表示“显然地”的意思。故填Apparently。
47. They had the medicine a________ to find out whether they were getting the real drug or not. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】analysed##nalysed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们对药物进行了分析，以确定他们是否得到了真正的药物。结合语意可知，为了确定他们是否得到了真的药物，他们分析药物，结合首字母提示可知，空处应用动词analyse，表示“分析”，分析句子结构可知，analyse在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语medicine之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式analysed作宾语补足语，符合题意。故填analysed。
48. The air conditioner can change your room’s temperature automatically according to your ________ (prefer). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】preference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：空调可以根据你的偏好自动调节房间温度。提示词作宾语，用名词preference，意为“偏爱，偏好”，不可数名词。故填preference。
49. Although some gestures v___________across cultures, there are certain basic body language gestures that are universal. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】vary##ary
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：虽然有些手势在不同的文化中有所不同，但有些基本的肢体语言手势是通用的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，表示“变化”用vary，根据后文的are可知，此处although引导的状语从句应该用一般现在时。故填vary。
【点睛】
50. This species of plant is becoming increasingly r________, so something has to be done to protect it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】rare##are
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种植物越来越稀有了，所以必须采取措施保护它。根据单词首字母以及so something has to be done to protect it可知应填形容词rare，作表语。故填rare。
51. Her job is ________ (teach) sign language in a school. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to teach##teaching
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是在一所学校教手语。分析句子，设空处可以使用不定式结构作表语，表示“将要去教学”用to teach；或者使用动名词作表语即teaching。故填to teach或者teaching。
52. You can invite them to communicate and c________ the misunderstanding. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】cancel##ancel
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你可以邀请他们交流，消除误解。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的communicate构成并列。此处表示“消除误解”用cancel the misunderstanding。故填cancel。
53. We all know that his silence usually i________ agreement. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】indicates##ndicates
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们都知道，他的沉默通常表示同意。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填indicate，表“暗示”，为动词，在宾语从句中作谓语，且由前文和usually可知，这里时态也应用一般现在时，从句主语his silence不可数，从句谓语单数形式。故填indicates。
54. A naturally observant parent has a(n) ____________(tend) to check whether the child’s body language is matching what she is saying or not. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】tendency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：天生善于观察的父母倾向于检查孩子的肢体语言是否与她所说的话相符。tendency意为“倾向，趋势”，为可数名词，have a tendency to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”。故填tendency。
55. The common ________ (assume) was that our brains stopped developing when we became adults. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】assumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：通常的假设是，当我们长大成人后，我们的大脑就停止了发育。分析句子和空前的形容词“common”可知，此处应填名词作主语，assumption假设，可数名词，由“was”可知应用名词单数，故填assumption。
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分30分)
56. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，介绍一位你钦佩的人。内容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.钦佩的原因。
要求：至少有一个句子，用到定语从句；
至少有一个句子用到主语从句；
至少有一个句子用到选择性必修一学到的修辞手法，如明喻，暗喻，类比，委婉，排比等
注意：写作词数应为100左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
I admire my English teacher, Miss Smith. She is a middle-aged woman with a warm smile and sparkling eyes. She wears a red dress every day, which makes her stand out in the crowd.
What I admire most is her devotion to teaching. She always goes above and beyond to help her students learn English. She even stays after school to give individual tutorials to students who need extra help.
In conclusion, I admire Miss Smith because she is a dedicated teacher with a kind heart. She is always patient and encouraging, and never gives up on us. Miss Smith is the sunshine to us.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，介绍一位你钦佩的人。
【详解】1.词汇积累
帮助：help→assist
善良：kind→warm-hearted
奉献的：dedicated→committed
总之：in conclusion→in short
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：She is always patient and encouraging, and never gives up on us.
拓展句：Not only is she always patient and encouraging, but also she never gives up on us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] She wears a red dress every day, which makes her stand out in the crowd. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] What I admire most is her devotion to teaching. (运用了what引导主语从句)高二英语期中考试卷
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
National Park Service
Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia
Visitor center assistant
OPPORTUNITY TYPE: Position DIFFICULTY LEVEL: Not Difficult VIRTUAL OR ON-SITE: On-Site DATES: 3 / 2021 - 12 / 31 / 2021
TRAINING REQUIRED: No Training Required SUITABILITY: Grown-ups, Seniors, Teens HOST’S HOUSING: No Housing Available
DESCRIPTION
Ferry (渡船) can hold up to 100 visitors and departs (出发) twice daily to the island. Volunteers will help direct visitors to the parking area and ferry dock (码头) while answering questions about what to do and where to go during a visit.
THINGS THAT NEED TO BE DONE
Meet and greet visitors, answer repetitive questions, give directions, become knowledgeable about local history, clean high touch areas completely.
SKILLS
Office machines
General assistance
Public speaking
Visitor information
ABILITIES NEEDED
Outgoing person who has public speaking skills, able to walk / stand for 30 minutes at a time, willing to learn local history.
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Both being inside visitor center in climate controlled area and being outdoors in different weather conditions.
JOB RISKS
General housekeeping
Trip and fall risks
May have to talk to unhappy visitors
1. What can we learn about the volunteer opportunity from the text
A. It provides housing for volunteers. B. It will last for about a year.
C. It needs past experience. D. It is difficult to do.
2. What will volunteers do on the island
A. Introduce the historical sites. B. Clean the whole site.
C. Tell visitors the way. D. Sell the goods.
3. Who is most likely to get the opportunity
A. One who likes taking care of kids.
B. One who is good at global history.
C. One who is experienced in public speaking.
D. One who is interested in wildlife protection.
B
Gerty Cori the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, was born Gerty Theresa Radnitz in Prague in 1896. Gerty decided at the age of sixteen to study medicine. She entered the Realgymnasium at Tetschen, from which she graduated in 1914, and then went to the Medical School of the German University of Prague. While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research. In 1920, the two published the results of their first joint research, received their medical degrees, and married each other.
Gerty’s first research position was as an assistant in the Karolinen Children’s Hospital in Vienna. In 1922, Carl Cori moved to the United States to join the staff of the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo, New York. Gerty Cori moved a few months later, starting as an assistant pathologist ( 病理学家) at the Institute and later rising to an assistant biochemist. In 1928, the Coris became US citizens.
In 1931, Carl Cori accepted the position of chairman of the Department of Pharmacology of the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), while Gerty Cori was hired as a research fellow. In the early 1940s the Coris moved to the Department of Biological Chemistry. Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947, the same year she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the metabolism of glycogen (糖代谢).
In 1947, Gerty Cori began showing the signs of myelofibrosis, an unusual blood disease. She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.
4. What can we learn about Gerty’s husband
A. He shared the same interests with Gerty.
B. He moved to the USA later than Gerty.
C. He married Gerty while in medical school.
D. He studied pathology under the influence of Gerty.
5. Which of the following is the correct order of the events in Gerty’s life
a. She moved to the USA.
b. She won the Nobel Prize.
c. She met her husband Carl.
d. She got a job in the WUSM.
e. She received her medical degree.
A. e a, c, b, d B. c, e, a, d, b
C. e, c, a, d, b D. c, a, e, b, d
6. What does the underlined word “elevated” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Adapted. B. Defeated. C. Promoted. D. Committed.
7. What can we infer about Gerty from the last paragraph
A. She was satisfied with her later life. B. She was in poor health all her life.
C. She died of a common disease. D. She was very mentally strong.
C
When Alex Petrie went to stay with his father, he noticed that the 75-year-old walked around several times during the night. This was worrying: his father lived alone and had recently been diagnosed with Lewy body dementia (路易体失智症).
“I was feeling quite nervous about it and wondered if he was doing it every night,” says Petrie. “It‘s not nice to think that he's worried or can't sleep properly.”
But Petrie had recently installed (安装) a smart home system, Howz, in his father's flat. It uses sensors to track movements, feeding the data into an app that family members and close friends can access. Once the Howz system has analysed and established someone's habitual way of doing things, it will send alerts (警报) to the app if there are any changes. For example, if a sensor usually senses movement before 8 am each day — signalling the time the person normally gets up — an alert will be sent if there has been no movement by that time. Relatives can then call in to make sure everything is okay.
Using the app, Petrie could see that his father usually got a good night’s sleep and very rarely walked about during the night. With this knowledge, he was able to provide the right kind of support and care when his father did have a sleepless night.
Howz, which was developed by Intelesant, a Manchester-based health tech company, aims to help people live independently in their own homes and provide peace of mind for their relatives.
Petrie set up two sensors in his father’s flat: one on the front door and another in the hall. “The door sensor is important as I can see whether his carers have visited. It doesn’t tell me who has visited but it’s easy to find out by the time of the day. The sensor in the hall covers the most commonly used area of the flat. It gives us a near-continuous view of whether he's up and about. It’s a little safety net,” says Petrie.
8. What was the problem with Petrie’s father
A. He insisted on living alone.
B. He didn't like the care home.
C. He always went out for a walk at night.
D. He sometimes couldn’t fall asleep at night.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How Howz works.
B. How Howz is tested.
C. Who invented Howz.
D. Why Howz was created.
10. What does Petrie think of Howz
A. It isn’t privacy-friendly.
B. It isn’t safe enough.
C. It is quite helpful.
D. It is big business.
11. What does the author want to tell us in the text
A. Tech shortens the distance between people.
B. Tech is benefiting people’s daily life.
C. Tech affects the way people work.
D. Tech is slowing down aging.
D
Many of you know that when we are under stress our brain requires a certain amount of hand-to-body touching. However, when circumstances are not only stressful but threaten us, the brain causes certain neck behaviors, which are protective, relieving and totally unique.
I first observed the significance of neck behaviors early in my life when my grandmother was almost hit by a car in Miami Beach. At that instant, she immediately covered her neck with her hand. I was surprised that her hand went to her neck and not toward the car.
At university, I saw this same behavior in anatomy (解剖学) classes as we examined animals. Both men and women would cover their necks as they looked down at the smelly animals for the first time. But I also noticed that men and women did it differently. Men tended to grab (抓住) their necks more robustly (用力地), or even massage (按揉) their necks. Women tended to respond conversely. They would do it more delicately (优雅地), using their fingers to cover a very specific area.
Aware that when people are troubled, scared, concerned, worried, or nervous, they cover or touch their necks, I never appreciated the potential use of this very telling behavior until I joined the FBI.
In 1979, while working in Yuma, Arizona, my partner and I went to talk to the mother of a dangerous person. When we knocked on her door, she seemed tense but allowed us in. I asked her many questions about her son and she answered all of them without hesitation.
However, when I inquired, “Is your son in the house ” during that interview, she put her hand to her neck and said, “No, he’s not.” Her body was speaking to me more honestly than her words. The words “son” and “house” together were a threat to her and she touched her neck in the same way my grandmother had done 14 years earlier. That early lesson taught me to pay attention to the neck because few people do.
12. What did the author’s grandmother do when a car was running toward her
A. She placed her hand on her neck. B. She showed her hand to the driver.
C. .She cried out loud. D. She was glued to the spot frightened.
13. What does the underlined word “conversely” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Directly. B. Properly. C. Emotionally. D. Oppositely
14. What can we infer about the mother of the dangerous person
A. Her words showed hesitation.
B. Her neck behavior gave her away.
C. She was completely honest with the author.
D. She was perfectly calm under great threat.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To show body language secrets of the neck.
B. To describe how officers use body language to detect lying.
C. To introduce different types of body language.
D. To explain why men and women react differently to stress.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____16____ Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.
I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way. ____17____ Our children will wonder, What is a keyboard We will enter the age of the “brain net”.
Medicine will develop fast, too. We will have cured certain forms of cancer, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. ____18____ Technology will help in this respect. ____19____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically.
____20____ By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them. That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it.
A. We will do a few tests.
B. People will live an easy life.
C We won’t fear it like we used to.
D. Brain science will have changed communication.
E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc.
F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people.
G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chemical Versus Organic Farming
Chemical pesticides and artificial ______21______have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. _____22_____, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops _____23_____ on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in _____24_____. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than ____25____ minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
As an alternative, some farmers have _______26_______ organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers ______27______ keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use _______28_______ from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in ______29______. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops ________30________.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year,and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready again for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that used different ______31______ of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while _______32_______ damage to the environment or to people’s health.
Some people would prefer to stop the use of manmade chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming ______33______ the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to _____34_____ that need. ______35______, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
21.
A. property B. novel C. fertilizers D. passion
22
A. In reality B. In this sense C. In other words D. In addition
23.
A. displayed B. grown C. distinguished D. adopted
24.
A. potential B. occupation C. root D. nutrition
25.
A. essential B. distinct C. efficient D. ashamed
26.
A. broke down B. switched on C. switched to D. broke up
27.
A. insist on B. call on C. rely on D. focus on
28.
A. advanced technology B. relevant information C. natural waste D. accurate predictions
29.
A. passion B. theory C. phrase D. minerals
30.
A. free of duty B. free of charge C. free of pain D. free of chemicals
31.
A. steam B. modes C. depths D. patents
32.
A. amusing B. avoiding C. assessing D. attaining
33.
A. secures B. stretches C. swings D. serves
34.
A. infer B. meet C. draft D. detect
35.
A. However B. Meanwhile C. For instance D. Therefore
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Confucius, China’s most famous teacher and philosopher, was born Kongqiu in 551 BCE near Qufu, in eastern China. Confucius showed a great interest in academics early on. “At 15, I was ______36______(commit) to learning,” he later told his followers. He studied music, mathematics, the classics, history, and more.
Confucius believed that education and reflection led to virtue. He once worked for the government, but ____37____ (find) far greater success as a teacher instead. Confucius broke with _____38_____(convention) belief and was _____39_____(convince) that all human beings could benefit from education. He gave his support for lifelong learning and appealed ____40____ a wide circle of followers, who knew him as Kongfuzi (Master Kong). Those pupils recorded his words in The Analects, a collection of sayings and ideas.
____41____ stated in The Analects, Confucius believed that social harmony would naturally generate from the proper ordering of individuals in relation to one another, with the family unit as the basic building block of society.
Confucius was ignored _______42_______ (entire) in his own day. When he passed away in 479 BCE, he left behind perhaps 3,000 students, who devoted ( 献身) themselves to ______43______(preserve) and spreading their master’s ideas. _____44_____was recorded in The Analects has guided governments and individuals for thousands of years. Digesting The Analects will boost your understanding about _____45_____ influence on Chinese history and civilization in the process.
单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. Rudolph said no more._________(apparent)he was a man of few words. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. They had the medicine a________ to find out whether they were getting the real drug or not. (根据首字母单词拼写)
48. The air conditioner can change your room’s temperature automatically according to your ________ (prefer). （所给词的适当形式填空）
49. Although some gestures v___________across cultures, there are certain basic body language gestures that are universal. （根据首字母单词拼写）
50. This species of plant is becoming increasingly r________, so something has to be done to protect it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
51. Her job is ________ (teach) sign language in a school. （所给词的适当形式填空）
52. You can invite them to communicate and c________ the misunderstanding. （根据首字母单词拼写）
53. We all know that his silence usually i________ agreement. （根据首字母单词拼写）
54. A naturally observant parent has a(n) ____________(tend) to check whether the child’s body language is matching what she is saying or not. （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. The common ________ (assume) was that our brains stopped developing when we became adults. （所给词的适当形式填空）
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分30分)
56. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，介绍一位你钦佩的人。内容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.钦佩的原因。
要求：至少有一个句子，用到定语从句；
至少有一个句子用到主语从句；
至少有一个句子用到选择性必修一学到的修辞手法，如明喻，暗喻，类比，委婉，排比等
注意：写作词数应为100左右。
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