山东大学附属中学2022-2023高三上学期开学摸底考试（8月）英语

山东大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考试（8月）英语
一、第一部分 听力，第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
1． Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．On the railway station.
B．At the bus stop.
C．At the police station.
2． What did those unlucky people suffer from
A．Earthquake. B．Storm. C．Hurricane.
3． What's the man's favorite class
A．English Literature. B．History. C．Physics.
4． What does the woman want to talk about with the man
A．English Learning. B．Western culture. C．How to paint.
5． What did the woman do for Mrs. Brown
A．Paid back the money.
B．Painted walls.
C．Walked her dog.
二、第一部分 听力，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听录音，回答问题。
6．What happened to the man
A．He lost his car keys.
B．He locked his car at the airport.
C．He locked his keys in his car.
7．How will the woman help him
A．She will lend him her car.
B．She will drive him home for the spare keys.
C．She will drive him to the airport.
听录音，回答问题。
8．How are the speakers keeping in touch now
A．Face to face. B．On the Internet. C．On the phone.
9．Who has the woman got in touch with
A．Mark, Paul and Barbara.
B．Mary, Paul and Barbara.
C．Mark, Carl and Crystal.
10．Where is Crystal now
A．In Boston. B．In Washington. C．In Huston.
听录音，回答问题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Brother and sister.
B．Father and daughter.
C．Husband and wife.
12．Where are the man's glasses
A．In the bathroom. B．On his nose. C．In his pocket.
13．What impressed the man most about his forgetfulness
A．He went fishing without taking the fishing pole.
B．He went fishing the day he had his wedding.
C．He went out without having pants on.
听录音，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．How to recycle.
B．Why to recycle.
C．What to be recycled.
15．How does the woman recycle newspapers
A．By cleaning tables.
B．By wrapping bottles and cans.
C．By starting a fire for her fireplace.
16．What do we know about the man
A．He will take useless things to the recycling centre.
B．He often warms himself with a fireplace.
C．He washes his windows twice a year.
听录音，回答问题。
17．What is the speech about
A．A concert . B．A new class. C．A special group.
18．How often will they meet each week
A．Twice. B．Five times. C．Seven times.
19．What will a person do if he wants to join the club
A．Give a speech.
B．Anyone can join if they like.
C．Pay some money.
20．When will the committee of the club come into being
A．This evening.
B．Several days later.
C．At the next meeting.
三、第二部分 阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读理解
Rome can be (66)pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $ 25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the (67)best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls, and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10- minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What may travelers greatly care about when choosing to stay in a hostel
A．Price. B．Position C．Comfort. D．Safety
22．Which hostel is the most suitable for people who enjoy an active social life A. Youth Station Hostel B. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
23．What is the downside of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It's inconveniently located. D．It has no free Wi-Fi.
阅读理解
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I (68)stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had (69)unthinkingly bought way to much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story. It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from "ugly" (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, "if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. "
If that's hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D. C, which (70)recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals (71)down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don't think. "Everyone can play a part in reducing Waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat," Curtin says.
24．What does the author want to prove by telling the arugula story
A．We pay no attention to food waste.
B．We have good reasons for wasting food.
C．We waste more vegetables than meat.
D．We waste food unintentionally sometimes .
25．What is a result of food waste according to the text
A．Environmental damage. B．Moral decrease.
C．Energy shortage. D．Worldwide starvation.
26．What does Curtin's company do
A．It produces kitchen equipment.
B．It makes meals by using unwanted food.
C．It helps local farmers to grow fruits.
D．It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
27．What does Curtin propose people do
A．Reduce food consumption.
B．Purchase only what is needed.
C．Go shopping once a week.
D．Eat in restaurants less often.
阅读理解
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly (72)intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what (73)traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude ( 独处 ) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28．What is the purpose of the book
A．To teach critical thinking skills.
B．To promote the use of a digital device.
C．To tackle philosophical problems.
D．To advocate a simple digital lifestyle.
29．Which word has the similar meaning with the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Add-on. B．Clear-up. . C．Check-out. D．Take-over.
30．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A．Historical analyses. B．Practical examples.
C．Statistical methods. D．Theoretical models.
31．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Employ them as needed.
B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Assess their effects.
D．Identify the ideas behind them.
阅读理解
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of (74)solar panels installed（安装）has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
"Solar projects need to be good neighbors," says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment（InSPIRE）project. "They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy. " InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to "low-impact" solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators（传粉昆虫）. Habitat loss, (75)pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U. S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. "These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape," says Macknick.
32．What do solar developers often pay little attention to A. The quick installation of cheap solar panels.
A．The rising cost of building solar farms.
B．The passive influence of installing solar panels.
C．The decline in the demand for solar energy.
33．What does InSPIRE intend to do
A．Make solar projects land-friendly.
B．Find new ways of controlling weeds.
C．Improve the productivity of local farms.
D．Reduce the use of solar energy in rural areas.
34．Why have over 28 states passed laws in the U. S.
A．To restrict business development.
B．To protect pollinators.
C．To stop climate change
D．To increase the supply of energy.
35．Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the text
A．InSPIRE: To Leave or to Stay
B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．Solar Farms: A New Development
D．Pollinators: A Leader in Agriculture
四、第二部分 阅读，第二节，阅读还原（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early
60s. 　36． 　
"Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. 　37． 　 Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. 　38． 　The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic ( 无氧 ) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump ( 泵送 ) a lot more blood during exercise. " 　39． 　.
"The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility," Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all. "
　40． 　But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
A. That's what happens to the heart.
B. For the people who are in their 80s,the sign is not apparently.
C. Dr. Nieca Goldberg, says Levine's findings are a great start.
D. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
E. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
F. But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
G. Participants were randomly divided into two groups.
五、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第一节完形填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP（Pilots N Paws）website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41． . They could not afford to pay for 42． for their dog, Tiffy, and 43． wanted to take her with them.
It just 44． that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45． to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46． Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very 47． . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48． for him, having to leave his dog to a 49． and trust that everything would 50． .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51． 1 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52． them as soon as we got to Kansas
City.
The flight was 53． , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54． with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55． and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41．A． budget B． turn C． link D． schedule
42．A． accommodation B． feed
C． transportation D． treat
43．A． casually B． extremely C． privately D． originally
44．A． seemed B． happened C． proved D． showed
45．A． waited B． failed C． hurried D． offered
46．A． send off B． look after C． pick up D． turn over
47．A． nervous B． annoyed C． moved D． amazed
48．A． normal B． beneficial C． difficult D． fortunate
49．A． colleague B． passenger C． neighbor D． stranger
50．A． take off B． work out C． come back D． speed up
51．A． load B． throw C． change D． feed
52．A． leave B． join C． contact D． serve
53．A． unnecessary B． unexpected C． uneventful D． unavoidable
54．A． returned B． flew C． fought D． agreed
55．A． grateful B． generous C． honored D． sympathetic
六、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My husband, our children and I 　56． 　 (have) wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 　57． 　 (memory) are funny, especially from the early years 　58． 　 our children were little. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. I was worried that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So instead of 　59． 　 (tie) him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It worked--he didn't end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented 　60． 　 boat in a Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, 　61． 　 storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our 　62． 　 (peace) morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing 　63． 　 (start) the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 　64． 　 (helpless), a fisherman pulled up, 　65． 　 (throw) us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were safe.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
七、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第三节：词汇检测：(每小题 0.5 分，共 5 分，出自本套试卷阅读语篇,根据语境写出单词的汉语意思)
词汇检测
A 篇：
66．pricey adj. 　 　
67．best-rated adj. 　 　
68． stick v. 　 　
69．unthinkingly adv. 　 　
70．recover v. 　 　
71．down the road. 　 　
72．intolerable adj. 　 　
73．trap n. 　 　
74．solar panel 　 　
75．pesticide use 　 　
八、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第四节：佳句默写(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
76．（2023高三上·济南开学考）正是小小的善举起了重要的作用。
77．（2023高三上·济南开学考）这次展览不仅拓宽了我对中国文化的知识，而且丰富了我的课后生活。
78．（2023高三上·济南开学考）要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到友谊的重要性。
79．（2023高三上·济南开学考）我写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡，品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯。我相信你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光。
80．（2023高三上·济南开学考）我听说你与别人交流有困难我深感遗憾。以下是我的建议，对你肯定有很大帮助。
九、第四部分：读后续写(满分 25 分)
81．（2023高三上·济南开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time. she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jell to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner an he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Officer, my purse was stolen on the bus just now.
M: Tell me more about the situation at that time carefully, OK
【分析】问题：谈话最有可能发生在哪里？根据"Officer, my purse was stolen on the bus just now. "警官，我的钱包刚才在公共汽车上被偷了。可知他们在警察局，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Who will attend the party this evening
M: Some famous film stars and singers. They will raise some money for those unlucky people suffering from the earthquake.
W: They are so kind.
【分析】问题：那些不幸的人遭受了什么痛苦？根据" They will raise some money for those unlucky people suffering from the earthquake."他们将为那些在地震中不幸遇难的人们筹集一些资金。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What's your favorite class at school
W: I like history best. What about you
M: English Literature.
【分析】问题：男士最喜欢的课是什么？根据" I like history best. What about you "我最喜欢历史。你呢？；以及"English Literature. "英国文学。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me, Mr. Smith, I want to have a talk with you about western culture after class. Can you spare me some time
M: Sure. Please come to my painting room at 4: 30.
【分析】问题：女士想和男士谈什么？根据"I want to have a talk with you about western culture after class."下课后我想和你谈谈西方文化。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, David. I'm returning the money you lent me last week.
M: Mrs. Brown has paid you for walking her dog
W: Yeah, and I've earned enough for an MP4 because I painted all the wall for John.
【分析】问题：女士为布朗夫人做了什么？根据"Mrs. Brown has paid you for walking her dog "布朗太太付钱给你遛狗了？故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What's wrong, Peter
M: Can you believe this I locked my keys in the car and I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt.
W: So, what are you going to do
M: I don't know. Do you think I could borrow your car for a few hours
W: I'm sorry, I really need it this afternoon.
M: We'll could you drive me home then I have spare keys there.
W: That's no problem.
M: Do you have a quarter for the phone My wallet's in the car, too.
W:W: Here you are. Anything else
M: No, that's it. I really appreciate it.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：男士怎么了？根据"I locked my keys in the car."我把钥匙锁在车里了。故选C。
7．问题：女士将如何帮助他？根据"We'll could you drive me home then I have spare keys there."那你能开车送我回家吗？我在那里有备用钥匙；以及"That's no problem."这没问题。故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Victory, Carol speaking. Have you seen the e-mail about a get-together of our classmates in the university
M: A get-together God. We graduated ten years ago. How time flies!
W: Yeah, we are only busy with ourselves and we are living in different cities. I only get in
touch with some on the Internet.
M: It's a good idea, but we should try all kinds of means to find all ahead of time.
W: Right, and I we plan to meet before the New Year's Day, I have got in touch with Mark, Paul and Barbara. Can you offer any useful information for me now
M: I know Crystal is working in a language training center in Boston and we called each other last week.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：谈话人现在是如何保持联系的？根据"Hi, Victory, Carol speaking. "你好，Victory，我是Carol，可知他们在电话上联系，故选C。
9．问题：女士和谁取得了联系？根据"I have got in touch with Mark, Paul and Barbara. "我已经和Mark, Paul 和 Barbara.取得了联系。故选A。
10．问题： Crystal 现在在哪里？根据"I know Crystal is working in a language training center in Boston."我知道Crystal在波士顿的一家语言培训中心工作。故选A。
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you seen my glasses I can't find them anywhere.
W: Go in the bathroom and look in the mirror.
M: You mean I've got them on. How could that be
W: You're the most absent-minded person I've ever met.
M: I can't deny it. I would lose my head if it weren't placed on my shoulders.
W: I'll never forget the time you went fishing and forgot to take your fishing pole.
M: I won't forget it either, but that's not the most memorable example of my forgetfulness.
W: How about the time you started to leave without having any pants on
M: No, that's not it.
W: I'm tired of guessing, tell me.
M: You never would have guessed. Well, anyway, the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
11．问题：谈话人之间可能存在什么关系？根据"the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead."我们本该结婚的那一天是如此美好，以至于我忘记了婚礼，而是去钓鱼了。可知他们是夫妻，故选C。
12．问题：男士的眼镜在哪里？根据"Go in the bathroom and look in the mirror."走进浴室，照镜子；以及"You mean I've got them on. "你的意思是我已经戴上了。可知男士的眼镜在鼻子上，故选B。
13．问题：男士的健忘给他留下最深刻的印象是什么？根据"the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead."我们本该结婚的那一天是如此美好，以至于我忘记了婚礼，而是去钓鱼了。故选B。
【答案】14．A
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Eddy, do you recycle
M: No, I don't. I don't know how. I need help with figuring out the way to reuse things. W: Then you are asking the right person. I recycle newspapers, plastic water bottles, juice bottles and cans.
M: Really Tell me how you recycle your newspapers.
W: Many ways. I recycle my newspapers by using then to wash windows, wrap presents and fire for our fireplace.
M: But I don't have a fireplace.
W: Then you can send your used newspapers to the recycling centre. You know, old newspapers can be recycled and made into newspapers again.
M: Yes, at least I can save some trees.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
14．问题：谈话人在说什么？根据"Eddy, do you recycle "Eddy,，你回收吗？；以及"No, I don't. I don't know how. I need help with figuring out the way to reuse things. "不，我没有。我不知道怎么做。我需要帮助找出重复使用东西的方法。故选A。
15．问题：这位女士是如何回收报纸的？根据" I recycle my newspapers by using then to wash windows, wrap presents and fire for our fireplace."我回收我的报纸，然后用来洗窗户、包装礼物和生火。故选C。
16．问题：我们对男士了解什么？根据"Then you can send your used newspapers to the recycling centre."然后你可以把你用过的报纸送到回收中心。故选A。
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Good evening! Thank you for coming to this meeting, I want to tell you about the Music Club. This is a new club for students who like music. Anyone can join.
The Music Club will meet every day after class. It will met in the library.
On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays we will listen to CDs that other club members bring to the meetings. There will be many different kinds of music. Club members will talk about the people who have written and performed the music. On Tuesdays and Thursdays club members will perform their own music. Many students here can sing or play musical instruments. The Music Club will give them a chance to perform in front of other students.
The Music Club will have a committee. At the next meeting we will choose the members of this committee. This committee will decide the program for the club-what CDs we will play and who will perform.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：演讲是关于什么的？根据"I want to tell you about the Music Club. "我想告诉你关于音乐俱乐部的事。可知演讲是关于音乐俱乐部的，故选C。
18．问题：他们每周多久见面一次？根据"Anyone can join.The Music Club will meet every day after class. "任何人都可以加入。音乐俱乐部每天下课后都会集合；"On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays we will listen to CDs that other club members bring to the meetings."在周一、周三和周五，我们将聆听其他俱乐部成员带到会议上的CD；以及"On Tuesdays and Thursdays club members will perform their own music."在周二和周四，俱乐部成员将表演自己的音乐。可知他们每周集合五次，故选B。
19．问题：如果一个人想加入俱乐部，他会怎么做？根据"This is a new club for students who like music. Anyone can join."这是一个为喜欢音乐的学生开设的新俱乐部。任何人都可以加入。故选B。
20．问题：俱乐部的委员会什么时候成立？根据"At the next meeting we will choose the members of this committee. "在下次会议上，我们将选出这个委员会的成员。故选C。
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社)."罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆。可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。故选A。
22．考查细节理解。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分中的"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome."如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。可知，如果喜欢活跃社交生活的人，Hostel Alessandro Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分中的"However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi."但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi费用。可知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选D。
【答案】24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会想象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste."像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物；以及"But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out."但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉。可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选D。
25．考查细节理解。根据第三段"Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, ‘if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.'"生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，"如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。"可知，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选A。
26．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road."科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用。可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选B。
27．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"‘Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat,' Curtin says.""每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，"科廷说。可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选B。
【答案】28．D
29．B
30．B
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段"The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. "这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学。可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选D。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. "这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。可推知，画线词declutter的意思是"清理"，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. "在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. "你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式。可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．B
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil."通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，可推知，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to ‘low-impact' solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land."InSPIRE正在研究"低影响"太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use."超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选B。
35．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction."在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选C。
【答案】36．D；37．A；38．G；39．F；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了锻炼对于心脏的好处。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"As we age，even if we're healthy，the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s."随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如以前了。大多数人在50多岁或60岁出头时出现第一个症状。可知此处说的是这种变化。D. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner."而在不锻炼的人群中，这种变化可能会更早开始。"符合语境。故选D。
37．根据空前"‘Think of a rubber band.In the beginning，it is flexible，but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，' says Dr.Ben Levine，a heart specialist at the University of Texas.""想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是柔韧的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易损坏，"德克萨斯大学心脏专家本 莱文博士说。可知此处是将心脏比作皮筋。 A. That's what happens to the heart. "这就是发生在心脏的事情。"符合语境。故选A。
38．根据空后"The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic （无氧） exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week."第一组参加了一个非有氧运动项目——平衡训练和重量训练——每周三次。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天以上的高强度有氧运动。可知此处是将参加者分为两组。 G. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. "参与者被随机分为两组。"符合语境。故选G。
39．根据空前"‘We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts，' says Levine. ‘And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump （泵送） a lot more blood during exercise.'"莱文说："我们把这些50岁的心脏转回30岁或35岁的心脏。""他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地填充，并在运动中泵出（泵）更多的血液。"可知此处应对比没有运动的人心脏的情况。F. But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says."但他说，那些参加低强度运动的人的心脏并没有改变。"符合语境。故选F。
40．根据空后"But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference."但这项研究规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。可知此处应提到他们做的研究。C. Dr. Nieca Goldberg, says Levine's findings are a great start."尼卡 戈德堡博士说，莱文的发现是一个很好的开始。"符合语境。故选C。
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．B；44．B；45．D；46．C；47．A；48．C；49．D；50．B；51．A；52．C；53．C；54．B；55．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A： budget"预算"；B： turn"转折点"；C： link"联系"；D： schedule "时间表"。根据下文"They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy,"可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选A。
42．句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A： accommodation"住宿"；B： feed"喂"；C： transportation"交通"；D： treat "款待"。根据上文"They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 ."及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选C。
43．句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A： casually"随意地"；B： extremely"非常"；C： privately"私自"；D： originally "起初"。根据空后"wanted to take her with them."可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选B。
44．句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A： seemed"看起来"；B： happened"碰巧"；C： proved"证明"；D： showed "展示"。根据空后"I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,"可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选B。
45．句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A： waited"等待"；B： failed"失败"；C： hurried"匆忙"；D： offered "提供、主动提出"。根据空后"to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia."可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选D。
46．句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A： send off"为……送行"；B： look after"照顾"；C： pick up"接载"；D： turn over "接任"。根据空前"What I was to do was fly to Topeka"和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选C。
47．句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A： nervous"紧张的"；B： annoyed"恼怒的"；C： moved"感动的"；D： amazed "吃惊的"。根据下文"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 ."可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选A。
48．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： normal"正常的"；B： beneficial"有益的"；C： difficult"困难的"；D： fortunate "幸运的"。根据空前"was trying to be calm"以及空后"having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 ."可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选C。
49．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： colleague"同事"；B： passenger"乘客"；C： neighbor"邻居"；D： stranger "陌生人"。根据空前"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him,"可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选D。
50．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： take off"起飞"；B： work out"解决"；C： come back"回来"；D： speed up "加速"。根据空前"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him,"可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51．句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A： load"装载"；B： throw "扔"；C： change"改变"；D： feed "喂养"。load into装入。根据空后"Tiffy into the plane."可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选A。
52．句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就联系他们。A： leave"离开"；B： join"加入"；C： contact"联系"；D： serve "服务"。根据空后"as soon as we got to Kansas City."可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就联系他们。故选C。
53．句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A： unnecessary"没有必要的"；B： unexpected"意想不到的"；C： uneventful"太平无事的"；D： unavoidable "不可避免的"。根据空后"and Tiffy was a great passenger."可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选C。
54．句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。A： returned "返回"；B： flew"飞"；C： fought"打仗"；D： agreed "同意"。根据上文"It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia."可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选B。
55．句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A： grateful"感激的"；B： generous"慷慨的"；C： honored"尊重的"；D： sympathetic"同情的"。通读全文，再根据空后"and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures."可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
【答案】56．have spent；57．memories；58．when；59．tying；60．a；61．but；62．peaceful；63．to start；64．helplessly；65．threw
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家的一些有趣的露营经历。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，名词，定语从句，非谓语动词，冠词，连词，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在过去的十年里，我的丈夫、我们的孩子和我度过了美好的露营经历。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past ten years可知应用现在完成时，主语"My husband, our children and I"与动词"spend"为主谓关系，且主语为复数含义，所以助动词用have，故填have spent。
57．句意：我们的一些记忆是有趣的，特别是我们的孩子很小的时候。some of"一些……"，其后跟名词复数，所以空处用复数名词memories，作主语，故填memories。
58．句意：我们的一些记忆是有趣的，特别是我们的孩子很小的时候。 our children were little 是限制性定语从句，先行词为the early years，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。
59．句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切注视着他。根据空前介词of可知，此处用动名词trying，故填trying。
60．句意：还有一次，我们在湖中租了一条船。boat"船"为可数名词，以辅音音素开头，此处使用了单数，所以此用不定冠词a，表示泛指含义。故填a。
61．句意：当我们出发的时候，天空晴朗，但山上的暴风雨来得很快，这场暴风雨很快打断了我们平静的早晨旅行。结合句中"The sky was clear "及"storms move in fast in the mountains"可知，空后的内容和前文属于转折关系，故填but。
62．句意：当我们出发的时候，天空晴朗，但山上的暴风雨来得很快，这场暴风雨很快打断了我们平静的早晨旅行。空处在句中为定语修饰名词morning，所以用形容词peaceful，故填peaceful。
63．句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼去发动马达。stop to do sth.固定短语，"停下来做某事"，故填to start。
64．句意：正当我们都无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。空处在句中为状语，修饰整个句子，所以用副词helplessly，故填helplessly。
65．句意：正当我们都无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。此处是谓语动词，结合句中"pulled up"及" and towed"可知，空处的动词与pull，tow并列，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
【答案】66．昂贵的
67．[合成词] 评价最高的B 篇：
68．放置，摆放
69．轻率地
70．回收
71．在将来C 篇：
72．无法忍受的
73．困境D 篇：
74．太阳能电池板
75．农药使用
【知识点】英译汉
【解析】【分析】考查英译汉。
【点评】要求考生根据所给英语单词或短语，结合词性，准确写出其中文。
66．pricey ，形容词，译为：昂贵的 。故答案为： 昂贵的。
67．best-rated ，形容词，译为： 评价最高的 。故答案为： 评价最高的 。
68． stick ，动词，译为： 放置，摆放 。故答案为： 放置，摆放 。
69．unthinkingly ，副词，译为： 轻率地 。故答案为： 轻率地 。
70．recover ，动词，译为： 回收 。故答案为： 回收 。
71．down the road.，介词短语，译为：在将来 。故答案为： 在将来 。
72．intolerable ，形容词，译为： 无法忍受的 。故答案为： 无法忍受的 。
73．trap ，名词，译为： 困境 。故答案为： 困境 。
74．solar panel ，名词短语，译为： 太阳能电池板 。故答案为： 太阳能电池板 。
75．pesticide use ，名词短语，译为： 农药使用 。故答案为： 农药使用 。
76．【答案】It is the small act of kindness that makes a great difference.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；强调句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，这是一个强调句，其结构是"It is+被强调部分+that+其它"，强调主语" 小小的善举 "，用 the small act of kindness 表达，" 起了重要的作用 "应用动词短语 make a great difference，是谓语动词，应用第三人称单数，故答案为：It is the small act of kindness that makes a great difference.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，强调句以及固定短语make a great difference。
77．【答案】Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture, but also it enriches my after-class life.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；倒装句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，应用not only...but also...，"不仅......，而且......"，连接并列句；前一分句" 这次展览不仅拓宽了我对中国文化的知识 "，主语是" 这次展览 "，用 the exhibition 表达，谓语动词"拓宽"用动词widen表达，结合汉语提示，陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，宾语" 我对中国文化的知识 "，用 my knowledge about Chinese culture表达，not only位于句首，应用部分倒装，译为：Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture；后一分句" 而且丰富了我的课后生活 "主语是" 这次展览 "，用it代替；谓语动词"丰富"用 enrich 表达，与widen一致，宾语" 我的课后生活 "用 my after-class life 表达，译为： but also it enriches my after-class life 。故答案为：Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture, but also it enriches my after-class life.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，部分倒装以及固定短语not only...but also...。
78．【答案】But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized the importance of friendship.
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】" 要不是这次经历 "应用介词短语but for，宾语" 这次经历 "用 this experience 表达，" 我就不会意识到友谊的重要性 "应用虚拟语气，结合汉语提示，是对过去情况的假设，谓语动词" 意识到 " realize ，应用would have realized，宾语"友谊的重要性"用the importance of friendship 的表达，故答案为：But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized the importance of friendship.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气以及固定短语but for。
79．【答案】I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time.
【知识点】固定短语；现在进行时；一般现在时；一般将来时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】第一句" 我写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡，品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯。 "主语是"我"，用I表达；"写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡"应用动词短语write to sincerely invite sb.to sp，结合汉语应用现在进行时，"我的家乡"用my hometown 表达，"这个夏天"用 this summer 表达，译为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer ，"品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯"用动词短语taste our local culture and customs ，因此本句译为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. ；第二句" 我相信你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光 "含有that引导的宾语从句，主句是"我相信" I believe ，"你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光 "是宾语从句，应用动词短语enjoy doing"喜欢做...."和 have a good time " 度过一个美好的时光 "，是并列的谓语动词，应用一般将来时，译为： I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time. 故答案为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，以及固定短语have a good time.和enjoy doing。
80．【答案】I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble communicating with others. Here are my suggestions/My suggestions are as follows, which are bound to be of great help to you.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】" 我听说你与别人交流有困难我深感遗憾。 "应用固定短语be sorry to do," 深感遗憾 "用be terribly sorry 表达，结合汉语提示，应用一般现在时；"听说你与别人交流有困难"是不定式to hear作原因状语，"你与别人交流有困难"是that引导的宾语从句，应用固定短语 have trouble doing"做......有困难"以及 communicate with"和.....交流"，本句译为：I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble communicating with others. "以下是我的建议，对你肯定有很大帮助。"其中"以下是我的建议"是固定句式here are...译为Here are my suggestions ，或者应用短语as follows ,译为： My suggestions are as follows ；"对你肯定有很大帮助"是非限制性定语从句，先行词是my suggestions，在从句中作主语，"肯定"用固定短语be bound to do表达，" 有很大帮助 "用固定短语 be of great help to sb.表达，故答案为：Here are my suggestions/My suggestions are as follows, which are bound to be of great help to you.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句，以及固定短语 have trouble doing，communicate with，be bound to 和be of great help to sb.
81．【答案】As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Seeing the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened, but he wasn't upset. Instead, he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess, throwing away the burnt toast. Next, they began to make breakfast, and by now the twins looked cheerful. Before long, the porridge was ready. Their father instructed them to fry the rest of the bread. Soon, the breakfast was ready, too.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. Opening her eyes, she couldn't believe what she had seen. Before she could ask any question, their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast, and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast. Disbelief gave way to excitement and pride. Hugging them in her arms, she said," Thank you, children. It's such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了双胞胎Jenna和Jeff准备在母亲节那天给妈妈一个惊喜，他们6点就起床为妈妈做早餐，他们准备做法式吐司和鸡蛋瘦肉粥，Jeff把第一块面包烤焦了，之后又被滚烫的锅烫到了手，Jenna也将第二块面包烤焦了。1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的爸爸出现了。"可知，第一段可描写在爸爸的指导下，Jenna和Jeff成功做好了早餐。②由第二段首句内容"双胞胎把早餐端上楼，叫醒了妈妈。"可知，第二段可描写妈妈看到早餐后的反应。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Seeing the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened, but he wasn't upset.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句，转折并列句； Next, they began to make breakfast, and by now the twins looked cheerful. 运用了并列句； Opening her eyes, she couldn't believe what she had seen. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Before she could ask any question, their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast, and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast. 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句，时间状语从句的省略。
山东大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考试（8月）英语
一、第一部分 听力，第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
1． Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．On the railway station.
B．At the bus stop.
C．At the police station.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Officer, my purse was stolen on the bus just now.
M: Tell me more about the situation at that time carefully, OK
【分析】问题：谈话最有可能发生在哪里？根据"Officer, my purse was stolen on the bus just now. "警官，我的钱包刚才在公共汽车上被偷了。可知他们在警察局，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2． What did those unlucky people suffer from
A．Earthquake. B．Storm. C．Hurricane.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Who will attend the party this evening
M: Some famous film stars and singers. They will raise some money for those unlucky people suffering from the earthquake.
W: They are so kind.
【分析】问题：那些不幸的人遭受了什么痛苦？根据" They will raise some money for those unlucky people suffering from the earthquake."他们将为那些在地震中不幸遇难的人们筹集一些资金。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3． What's the man's favorite class
A．English Literature. B．History. C．Physics.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What's your favorite class at school
W: I like history best. What about you
M: English Literature.
【分析】问题：男士最喜欢的课是什么？根据" I like history best. What about you "我最喜欢历史。你呢？；以及"English Literature. "英国文学。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4． What does the woman want to talk about with the man
A．English Learning. B．Western culture. C．How to paint.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me, Mr. Smith, I want to have a talk with you about western culture after class. Can you spare me some time
M: Sure. Please come to my painting room at 4: 30.
【分析】问题：女士想和男士谈什么？根据"I want to have a talk with you about western culture after class."下课后我想和你谈谈西方文化。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5． What did the woman do for Mrs. Brown
A．Paid back the money.
B．Painted walls.
C．Walked her dog.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, David. I'm returning the money you lent me last week.
M: Mrs. Brown has paid you for walking her dog
W: Yeah, and I've earned enough for an MP4 because I painted all the wall for John.
【分析】问题：女士为布朗夫人做了什么？根据"Mrs. Brown has paid you for walking her dog "布朗太太付钱给你遛狗了？故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
二、第一部分 听力，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听录音，回答问题。
6．What happened to the man
A．He lost his car keys.
B．He locked his car at the airport.
C．He locked his keys in his car.
7．How will the woman help him
A．She will lend him her car.
B．She will drive him home for the spare keys.
C．She will drive him to the airport.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What's wrong, Peter
M: Can you believe this I locked my keys in the car and I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt.
W: So, what are you going to do
M: I don't know. Do you think I could borrow your car for a few hours
W: I'm sorry, I really need it this afternoon.
M: We'll could you drive me home then I have spare keys there.
W: That's no problem.
M: Do you have a quarter for the phone My wallet's in the car, too.
W:W: Here you are. Anything else
M: No, that's it. I really appreciate it.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：男士怎么了？根据"I locked my keys in the car."我把钥匙锁在车里了。故选C。
7．问题：女士将如何帮助他？根据"We'll could you drive me home then I have spare keys there."那你能开车送我回家吗？我在那里有备用钥匙；以及"That's no problem."这没问题。故选B。
听录音，回答问题。
8．How are the speakers keeping in touch now
A．Face to face. B．On the Internet. C．On the phone.
9．Who has the woman got in touch with
A．Mark, Paul and Barbara.
B．Mary, Paul and Barbara.
C．Mark, Carl and Crystal.
10．Where is Crystal now
A．In Boston. B．In Washington. C．In Huston.
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Victory, Carol speaking. Have you seen the e-mail about a get-together of our classmates in the university
M: A get-together God. We graduated ten years ago. How time flies!
W: Yeah, we are only busy with ourselves and we are living in different cities. I only get in
touch with some on the Internet.
M: It's a good idea, but we should try all kinds of means to find all ahead of time.
W: Right, and I we plan to meet before the New Year's Day, I have got in touch with Mark, Paul and Barbara. Can you offer any useful information for me now
M: I know Crystal is working in a language training center in Boston and we called each other last week.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：谈话人现在是如何保持联系的？根据"Hi, Victory, Carol speaking. "你好，Victory，我是Carol，可知他们在电话上联系，故选C。
9．问题：女士和谁取得了联系？根据"I have got in touch with Mark, Paul and Barbara. "我已经和Mark, Paul 和 Barbara.取得了联系。故选A。
10．问题： Crystal 现在在哪里？根据"I know Crystal is working in a language training center in Boston."我知道Crystal在波士顿的一家语言培训中心工作。故选A。
听录音，回答问题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Brother and sister.
B．Father and daughter.
C．Husband and wife.
12．Where are the man's glasses
A．In the bathroom. B．On his nose. C．In his pocket.
13．What impressed the man most about his forgetfulness
A．He went fishing without taking the fishing pole.
B．He went fishing the day he had his wedding.
C．He went out without having pants on.
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you seen my glasses I can't find them anywhere.
W: Go in the bathroom and look in the mirror.
M: You mean I've got them on. How could that be
W: You're the most absent-minded person I've ever met.
M: I can't deny it. I would lose my head if it weren't placed on my shoulders.
W: I'll never forget the time you went fishing and forgot to take your fishing pole.
M: I won't forget it either, but that's not the most memorable example of my forgetfulness.
W: How about the time you started to leave without having any pants on
M: No, that's not it.
W: I'm tired of guessing, tell me.
M: You never would have guessed. Well, anyway, the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
11．问题：谈话人之间可能存在什么关系？根据"the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead."我们本该结婚的那一天是如此美好，以至于我忘记了婚礼，而是去钓鱼了。可知他们是夫妻，故选C。
12．问题：男士的眼镜在哪里？根据"Go in the bathroom and look in the mirror."走进浴室，照镜子；以及"You mean I've got them on. "你的意思是我已经戴上了。可知男士的眼镜在鼻子上，故选B。
13．问题：男士的健忘给他留下最深刻的印象是什么？根据"the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead."我们本该结婚的那一天是如此美好，以至于我忘记了婚礼，而是去钓鱼了。故选B。
听录音，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers talking about
A．How to recycle.
B．Why to recycle.
C．What to be recycled.
15．How does the woman recycle newspapers
A．By cleaning tables.
B．By wrapping bottles and cans.
C．By starting a fire for her fireplace.
16．What do we know about the man
A．He will take useless things to the recycling centre.
B．He often warms himself with a fireplace.
C．He washes his windows twice a year.
【答案】14．A
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Eddy, do you recycle
M: No, I don't. I don't know how. I need help with figuring out the way to reuse things. W: Then you are asking the right person. I recycle newspapers, plastic water bottles, juice bottles and cans.
M: Really Tell me how you recycle your newspapers.
W: Many ways. I recycle my newspapers by using then to wash windows, wrap presents and fire for our fireplace.
M: But I don't have a fireplace.
W: Then you can send your used newspapers to the recycling centre. You know, old newspapers can be recycled and made into newspapers again.
M: Yes, at least I can save some trees.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
14．问题：谈话人在说什么？根据"Eddy, do you recycle "Eddy,，你回收吗？；以及"No, I don't. I don't know how. I need help with figuring out the way to reuse things. "不，我没有。我不知道怎么做。我需要帮助找出重复使用东西的方法。故选A。
15．问题：这位女士是如何回收报纸的？根据" I recycle my newspapers by using then to wash windows, wrap presents and fire for our fireplace."我回收我的报纸，然后用来洗窗户、包装礼物和生火。故选C。
16．问题：我们对男士了解什么？根据"Then you can send your used newspapers to the recycling centre."然后你可以把你用过的报纸送到回收中心。故选A。
听录音，回答问题。
17．What is the speech about
A．A concert . B．A new class. C．A special group.
18．How often will they meet each week
A．Twice. B．Five times. C．Seven times.
19．What will a person do if he wants to join the club
A．Give a speech.
B．Anyone can join if they like.
C．Pay some money.
20．When will the committee of the club come into being
A．This evening.
B．Several days later.
C．At the next meeting.
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Good evening! Thank you for coming to this meeting, I want to tell you about the Music Club. This is a new club for students who like music. Anyone can join.
The Music Club will meet every day after class. It will met in the library.
On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays we will listen to CDs that other club members bring to the meetings. There will be many different kinds of music. Club members will talk about the people who have written and performed the music. On Tuesdays and Thursdays club members will perform their own music. Many students here can sing or play musical instruments. The Music Club will give them a chance to perform in front of other students.
The Music Club will have a committee. At the next meeting we will choose the members of this committee. This committee will decide the program for the club-what CDs we will play and who will perform.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：演讲是关于什么的？根据"I want to tell you about the Music Club. "我想告诉你关于音乐俱乐部的事。可知演讲是关于音乐俱乐部的，故选C。
18．问题：他们每周多久见面一次？根据"Anyone can join.The Music Club will meet every day after class. "任何人都可以加入。音乐俱乐部每天下课后都会集合；"On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays we will listen to CDs that other club members bring to the meetings."在周一、周三和周五，我们将聆听其他俱乐部成员带到会议上的CD；以及"On Tuesdays and Thursdays club members will perform their own music."在周二和周四，俱乐部成员将表演自己的音乐。可知他们每周集合五次，故选B。
19．问题：如果一个人想加入俱乐部，他会怎么做？根据"This is a new club for students who like music. Anyone can join."这是一个为喜欢音乐的学生开设的新俱乐部。任何人都可以加入。故选B。
20．问题：俱乐部的委员会什么时候成立？根据"At the next meeting we will choose the members of this committee. "在下次会议上，我们将选出这个委员会的成员。故选C。
三、第二部分 阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读理解
Rome can be (66)pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $ 25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the (67)best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls, and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10- minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What may travelers greatly care about when choosing to stay in a hostel
A．Price. B．Position C．Comfort. D．Safety
22．Which hostel is the most suitable for people who enjoy an active social life A. Youth Station Hostel B. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
23．What is the downside of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It's inconveniently located. D．It has no free Wi-Fi.
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社)."罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆。可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。故选A。
22．考查细节理解。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分中的"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome."如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。可知，如果喜欢活跃社交生活的人，Hostel Alessandro Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分中的"However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi."但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi费用。可知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选D。
阅读理解
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I (68)stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had (69)unthinkingly bought way to much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story. It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from "ugly" (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, "if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. "
If that's hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D. C, which (70)recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals (71)down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don't think. "Everyone can play a part in reducing Waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat," Curtin says.
24．What does the author want to prove by telling the arugula story
A．We pay no attention to food waste.
B．We have good reasons for wasting food.
C．We waste more vegetables than meat.
D．We waste food unintentionally sometimes .
25．What is a result of food waste according to the text
A．Environmental damage. B．Moral decrease.
C．Energy shortage. D．Worldwide starvation.
26．What does Curtin's company do
A．It produces kitchen equipment.
B．It makes meals by using unwanted food.
C．It helps local farmers to grow fruits.
D．It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
27．What does Curtin propose people do
A．Reduce food consumption.
B．Purchase only what is needed.
C．Go shopping once a week.
D．Eat in restaurants less often.
【答案】24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会想象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste."像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物；以及"But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out."但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉。可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选D。
25．考查细节理解。根据第三段"Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, ‘if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.'"生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，"如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。"可知，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选A。
26．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road."科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用。可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选B。
27．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"‘Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat,' Curtin says.""每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，"科廷说。可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选B。
阅读理解
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly (72)intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what (73)traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude ( 独处 ) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28．What is the purpose of the book
A．To teach critical thinking skills.
B．To promote the use of a digital device.
C．To tackle philosophical problems.
D．To advocate a simple digital lifestyle.
29．Which word has the similar meaning with the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Add-on. B．Clear-up. . C．Check-out. D．Take-over.
30．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A．Historical analyses. B．Practical examples.
C．Statistical methods. D．Theoretical models.
31．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Employ them as needed.
B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Assess their effects.
D．Identify the ideas behind them.
【答案】28．D
29．B
30．B
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段"The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. "这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学。可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选D。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. "这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。可推知，画线词declutter的意思是"清理"，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. "在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. "你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式。可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
阅读理解
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of (74)solar panels installed（安装）has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
"Solar projects need to be good neighbors," says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment（InSPIRE）project. "They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy. " InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to "low-impact" solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators（传粉昆虫）. Habitat loss, (75)pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U. S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. "These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape," says Macknick.
32．What do solar developers often pay little attention to A. The quick installation of cheap solar panels.
A．The rising cost of building solar farms.
B．The passive influence of installing solar panels.
C．The decline in the demand for solar energy.
33．What does InSPIRE intend to do
A．Make solar projects land-friendly.
B．Find new ways of controlling weeds.
C．Improve the productivity of local farms.
D．Reduce the use of solar energy in rural areas.
34．Why have over 28 states passed laws in the U. S.
A．To restrict business development.
B．To protect pollinators.
C．To stop climate change
D．To increase the supply of energy.
35．Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the text
A．InSPIRE: To Leave or to Stay
B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．Solar Farms: A New Development
D．Pollinators: A Leader in Agriculture
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．B
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil."通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，可推知，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to ‘low-impact' solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land."InSPIRE正在研究"低影响"太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use."超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选B。
35．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction."在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选C。
四、第二部分 阅读，第二节，阅读还原（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early
60s. 　36． 　
"Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. 　37． 　 Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. 　38． 　The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic ( 无氧 ) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump ( 泵送 ) a lot more blood during exercise. " 　39． 　.
"The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility," Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all. "
　40． 　But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
A. That's what happens to the heart.
B. For the people who are in their 80s,the sign is not apparently.
C. Dr. Nieca Goldberg, says Levine's findings are a great start.
D. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
E. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
F. But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
G. Participants were randomly divided into two groups.
【答案】36．D；37．A；38．G；39．F；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了锻炼对于心脏的好处。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"As we age，even if we're healthy，the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s."随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如以前了。大多数人在50多岁或60岁出头时出现第一个症状。可知此处说的是这种变化。D. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner."而在不锻炼的人群中，这种变化可能会更早开始。"符合语境。故选D。
37．根据空前"‘Think of a rubber band.In the beginning，it is flexible，but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，' says Dr.Ben Levine，a heart specialist at the University of Texas.""想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是柔韧的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易损坏，"德克萨斯大学心脏专家本 莱文博士说。可知此处是将心脏比作皮筋。 A. That's what happens to the heart. "这就是发生在心脏的事情。"符合语境。故选A。
38．根据空后"The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic （无氧） exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week."第一组参加了一个非有氧运动项目——平衡训练和重量训练——每周三次。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天以上的高强度有氧运动。可知此处是将参加者分为两组。 G. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. "参与者被随机分为两组。"符合语境。故选G。
39．根据空前"‘We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts，' says Levine. ‘And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump （泵送） a lot more blood during exercise.'"莱文说："我们把这些50岁的心脏转回30岁或35岁的心脏。""他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地填充，并在运动中泵出（泵）更多的血液。"可知此处应对比没有运动的人心脏的情况。F. But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says."但他说，那些参加低强度运动的人的心脏并没有改变。"符合语境。故选F。
40．根据空后"But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference."但这项研究规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。可知此处应提到他们做的研究。C. Dr. Nieca Goldberg, says Levine's findings are a great start."尼卡 戈德堡博士说，莱文的发现是一个很好的开始。"符合语境。故选C。
五、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第一节完形填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP（Pilots N Paws）website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41． . They could not afford to pay for 42． for their dog, Tiffy, and 43． wanted to take her with them.
It just 44． that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45． to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46． Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very 47． . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48． for him, having to leave his dog to a 49． and trust that everything would 50． .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51． 1 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52． them as soon as we got to Kansas
City.
The flight was 53． , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54． with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55． and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41．A． budget B． turn C． link D． schedule
42．A． accommodation B． feed
C． transportation D． treat
43．A． casually B． extremely C． privately D． originally
44．A． seemed B． happened C． proved D． showed
45．A． waited B． failed C． hurried D． offered
46．A． send off B． look after C． pick up D． turn over
47．A． nervous B． annoyed C． moved D． amazed
48．A． normal B． beneficial C． difficult D． fortunate
49．A． colleague B． passenger C． neighbor D． stranger
50．A． take off B． work out C． come back D． speed up
51．A． load B． throw C． change D． feed
52．A． leave B． join C． contact D． serve
53．A． unnecessary B． unexpected C． uneventful D． unavoidable
54．A． returned B． flew C． fought D． agreed
55．A． grateful B． generous C． honored D． sympathetic
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．B；44．B；45．D；46．C；47．A；48．C；49．D；50．B；51．A；52．C；53．C；54．B；55．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A： budget"预算"；B： turn"转折点"；C： link"联系"；D： schedule "时间表"。根据下文"They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy,"可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选A。
42．句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A： accommodation"住宿"；B： feed"喂"；C： transportation"交通"；D： treat "款待"。根据上文"They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 ."及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选C。
43．句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A： casually"随意地"；B： extremely"非常"；C： privately"私自"；D： originally "起初"。根据空后"wanted to take her with them."可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选B。
44．句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A： seemed"看起来"；B： happened"碰巧"；C： proved"证明"；D： showed "展示"。根据空后"I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,"可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选B。
45．句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A： waited"等待"；B： failed"失败"；C： hurried"匆忙"；D： offered "提供、主动提出"。根据空后"to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia."可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选D。
46．句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A： send off"为……送行"；B： look after"照顾"；C： pick up"接载"；D： turn over "接任"。根据空前"What I was to do was fly to Topeka"和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选C。
47．句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A： nervous"紧张的"；B： annoyed"恼怒的"；C： moved"感动的"；D： amazed "吃惊的"。根据下文"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 ."可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选A。
48．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： normal"正常的"；B： beneficial"有益的"；C： difficult"困难的"；D： fortunate "幸运的"。根据空前"was trying to be calm"以及空后"having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 ."可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选C。
49．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： colleague"同事"；B： passenger"乘客"；C： neighbor"邻居"；D： stranger "陌生人"。根据空前"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him,"可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选D。
50．句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A： take off"起飞"；B： work out"解决"；C： come back"回来"；D： speed up "加速"。根据空前"George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him,"可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51．句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A： load"装载"；B： throw "扔"；C： change"改变"；D： feed "喂养"。load into装入。根据空后"Tiffy into the plane."可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选A。
52．句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就联系他们。A： leave"离开"；B： join"加入"；C： contact"联系"；D： serve "服务"。根据空后"as soon as we got to Kansas City."可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就联系他们。故选C。
53．句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A： unnecessary"没有必要的"；B： unexpected"意想不到的"；C： uneventful"太平无事的"；D： unavoidable "不可避免的"。根据空后"and Tiffy was a great passenger."可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选C。
54．句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。A： returned "返回"；B： flew"飞"；C： fought"打仗"；D： agreed "同意"。根据上文"It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia."可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选B。
55．句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A： grateful"感激的"；B： generous"慷慨的"；C： honored"尊重的"；D： sympathetic"同情的"。通读全文，再根据空后"and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures."可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
六、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My husband, our children and I 　56． 　 (have) wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 　57． 　 (memory) are funny, especially from the early years 　58． 　 our children were little. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. I was worried that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So instead of 　59． 　 (tie) him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It worked--he didn't end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented 　60． 　 boat in a Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, 　61． 　 storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our 　62． 　 (peace) morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing 　63． 　 (start) the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 　64． 　 (helpless), a fisherman pulled up, 　65． 　 (throw) us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were safe.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
【答案】56．have spent；57．memories；58．when；59．tying；60．a；61．but；62．peaceful；63．to start；64．helplessly；65．threw
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家的一些有趣的露营经历。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，名词，定语从句，非谓语动词，冠词，连词，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在过去的十年里，我的丈夫、我们的孩子和我度过了美好的露营经历。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past ten years可知应用现在完成时，主语"My husband, our children and I"与动词"spend"为主谓关系，且主语为复数含义，所以助动词用have，故填have spent。
57．句意：我们的一些记忆是有趣的，特别是我们的孩子很小的时候。some of"一些……"，其后跟名词复数，所以空处用复数名词memories，作主语，故填memories。
58．句意：我们的一些记忆是有趣的，特别是我们的孩子很小的时候。 our children were little 是限制性定语从句，先行词为the early years，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。
59．句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切注视着他。根据空前介词of可知，此处用动名词trying，故填trying。
60．句意：还有一次，我们在湖中租了一条船。boat"船"为可数名词，以辅音音素开头，此处使用了单数，所以此用不定冠词a，表示泛指含义。故填a。
61．句意：当我们出发的时候，天空晴朗，但山上的暴风雨来得很快，这场暴风雨很快打断了我们平静的早晨旅行。结合句中"The sky was clear "及"storms move in fast in the mountains"可知，空后的内容和前文属于转折关系，故填but。
62．句意：当我们出发的时候，天空晴朗，但山上的暴风雨来得很快，这场暴风雨很快打断了我们平静的早晨旅行。空处在句中为定语修饰名词morning，所以用形容词peaceful，故填peaceful。
63．句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼去发动马达。stop to do sth.固定短语，"停下来做某事"，故填to start。
64．句意：正当我们都无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。空处在句中为状语，修饰整个句子，所以用副词helplessly，故填helplessly。
65．句意：正当我们都无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。此处是谓语动词，结合句中"pulled up"及" and towed"可知，空处的动词与pull，tow并列，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
七、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第三节：词汇检测：(每小题 0.5 分，共 5 分，出自本套试卷阅读语篇,根据语境写出单词的汉语意思)
词汇检测
A 篇：
66．pricey adj. 　 　
67．best-rated adj. 　 　
68． stick v. 　 　
69．unthinkingly adv. 　 　
70．recover v. 　 　
71．down the road. 　 　
72．intolerable adj. 　 　
73．trap n. 　 　
74．solar panel 　 　
75．pesticide use 　 　
【答案】66．昂贵的
67．[合成词] 评价最高的B 篇：
68．放置，摆放
69．轻率地
70．回收
71．在将来C 篇：
72．无法忍受的
73．困境D 篇：
74．太阳能电池板
75．农药使用
【知识点】英译汉
【解析】【分析】考查英译汉。
【点评】要求考生根据所给英语单词或短语，结合词性，准确写出其中文。
66．pricey ，形容词，译为：昂贵的 。故答案为： 昂贵的。
67．best-rated ，形容词，译为： 评价最高的 。故答案为： 评价最高的 。
68． stick ，动词，译为： 放置，摆放 。故答案为： 放置，摆放 。
69．unthinkingly ，副词，译为： 轻率地 。故答案为： 轻率地 。
70．recover ，动词，译为： 回收 。故答案为： 回收 。
71．down the road.，介词短语，译为：在将来 。故答案为： 在将来 。
72．intolerable ，形容词，译为： 无法忍受的 。故答案为： 无法忍受的 。
73．trap ，名词，译为： 困境 。故答案为： 困境 。
74．solar panel ，名词短语，译为： 太阳能电池板 。故答案为： 太阳能电池板 。
75．pesticide use ，名词短语，译为： 农药使用 。故答案为： 农药使用 。
八、第三部分语言运用及基础检测，第四节：佳句默写(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
76．（2023高三上·济南开学考）正是小小的善举起了重要的作用。
【答案】It is the small act of kindness that makes a great difference.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；强调句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，这是一个强调句，其结构是"It is+被强调部分+that+其它"，强调主语" 小小的善举 "，用 the small act of kindness 表达，" 起了重要的作用 "应用动词短语 make a great difference，是谓语动词，应用第三人称单数，故答案为：It is the small act of kindness that makes a great difference.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，强调句以及固定短语make a great difference。
77．（2023高三上·济南开学考）这次展览不仅拓宽了我对中国文化的知识，而且丰富了我的课后生活。
【答案】Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture, but also it enriches my after-class life.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；倒装句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，应用not only...but also...，"不仅......，而且......"，连接并列句；前一分句" 这次展览不仅拓宽了我对中国文化的知识 "，主语是" 这次展览 "，用 the exhibition 表达，谓语动词"拓宽"用动词widen表达，结合汉语提示，陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，宾语" 我对中国文化的知识 "，用 my knowledge about Chinese culture表达，not only位于句首，应用部分倒装，译为：Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture；后一分句" 而且丰富了我的课后生活 "主语是" 这次展览 "，用it代替；谓语动词"丰富"用 enrich 表达，与widen一致，宾语" 我的课后生活 "用 my after-class life 表达，译为： but also it enriches my after-class life 。故答案为：Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture, but also it enriches my after-class life.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，部分倒装以及固定短语not only...but also...。
78．（2023高三上·济南开学考）要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到友谊的重要性。
【答案】But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized the importance of friendship.
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】" 要不是这次经历 "应用介词短语but for，宾语" 这次经历 "用 this experience 表达，" 我就不会意识到友谊的重要性 "应用虚拟语气，结合汉语提示，是对过去情况的假设，谓语动词" 意识到 " realize ，应用would have realized，宾语"友谊的重要性"用the importance of friendship 的表达，故答案为：But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized the importance of friendship.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气以及固定短语but for。
79．（2023高三上·济南开学考）我写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡，品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯。我相信你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光。
【答案】I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time.
【知识点】固定短语；现在进行时；一般现在时；一般将来时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】第一句" 我写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡，品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯。 "主语是"我"，用I表达；"写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡"应用动词短语write to sincerely invite sb.to sp，结合汉语应用现在进行时，"我的家乡"用my hometown 表达，"这个夏天"用 this summer 表达，译为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer ，"品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯"用动词短语taste our local culture and customs ，因此本句译为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. ；第二句" 我相信你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光 "含有that引导的宾语从句，主句是"我相信" I believe ，"你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光 "是宾语从句，应用动词短语enjoy doing"喜欢做...."和 have a good time " 度过一个美好的时光 "，是并列的谓语动词，应用一般将来时，译为： I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time. 故答案为： I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. I believe you'll enjoy staying here and have a good time.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，以及固定短语have a good time.和enjoy doing。
80．（2023高三上·济南开学考）我听说你与别人交流有困难我深感遗憾。以下是我的建议，对你肯定有很大帮助。
【答案】I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble communicating with others. Here are my suggestions/My suggestions are as follows, which are bound to be of great help to you.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】" 我听说你与别人交流有困难我深感遗憾。 "应用固定短语be sorry to do," 深感遗憾 "用be terribly sorry 表达，结合汉语提示，应用一般现在时；"听说你与别人交流有困难"是不定式to hear作原因状语，"你与别人交流有困难"是that引导的宾语从句，应用固定短语 have trouble doing"做......有困难"以及 communicate with"和.....交流"，本句译为：I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble communicating with others. "以下是我的建议，对你肯定有很大帮助。"其中"以下是我的建议"是固定句式here are...译为Here are my suggestions ，或者应用短语as follows ,译为： My suggestions are as follows ；"对你肯定有很大帮助"是非限制性定语从句，先行词是my suggestions，在从句中作主语，"肯定"用固定短语be bound to do表达，" 有很大帮助 "用固定短语 be of great help to sb.表达，故答案为：Here are my suggestions/My suggestions are as follows, which are bound to be of great help to you.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句，以及固定短语 have trouble doing，communicate with，be bound to 和be of great help to sb.
九、第四部分：读后续写(满分 25 分)
81．（2023高三上·济南开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time. she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jell to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner an he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
【答案】As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Seeing the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened, but he wasn't upset. Instead, he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess, throwing away the burnt toast. Next, they began to make breakfast, and by now the twins looked cheerful. Before long, the porridge was ready. Their father instructed them to fry the rest of the bread. Soon, the breakfast was ready, too.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. Opening her eyes, she couldn't believe what she had seen. Before she could ask any question, their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast, and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast. Disbelief gave way to excitement and pride. Hugging them in her arms, she said," Thank you, children. It's such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了双胞胎Jenna和Jeff准备在母亲节那天给妈妈一个惊喜，他们6点就起床为妈妈做早餐，他们准备做法式吐司和鸡蛋瘦肉粥，Jeff把第一块面包烤焦了，之后又被滚烫的锅烫到了手，Jenna也将第二块面包烤焦了。1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的爸爸出现了。"可知，第一段可描写在爸爸的指导下，Jenna和Jeff成功做好了早餐。②由第二段首句内容"双胞胎把早餐端上楼，叫醒了妈妈。"可知，第二段可描写妈妈看到早餐后的反应。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Seeing the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened, but he wasn't upset.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句，转折并列句； Next, they began to make breakfast, and by now the twins looked cheerful. 运用了并列句； Opening her eyes, she couldn't believe what she had seen. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Before she could ask any question, their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast, and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast. 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句，时间状语从句的省略。