北师大版(2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Topic Talk 重点单词短语语法句型练习(含解析)

Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Topic Talk 重点单词,短语,语法,句型练习
单词变形
1. n 运动员→adj 运动的;运动员的
2. adj 经常的;频繁的→adv 经常地;频繁地→n 发生率;发生的频率
3. vt 更喜欢→n 偏爱;嗜好→ adj 更合心意的; 更适合的
→ pp 更喜欢
4. vt 慢跑→pt 慢跑→ pp 慢跑
5. vi 骑自行车→n 骑自行车者→ n 自行车→ n
圆圈;周期;循环
6. vt 平衡→n 平衡→ adj 平衡的
7. n 楼梯;梯级 →adv 在楼上→ adv 在楼下
8. n 网;球网 →n 互联网
9. n (网球等的)球场;法庭→n 庭院,院子,天井
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 .Athletes like Eileen Gu are an (inspire) to young people who love sports.
2 .To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a (balance) diet.
3 .People are familiar with these stories in the Long March due to their (frequency) appearance in school
textbooks.
4 .Despite his disability, he enjoys running and has been exercising (regular) since he was a child.
5 .Many cities are encouraged to make the (replace) of traditional cars with new energy ones.
6 .All the volunteers have (energy) and pleasant personalities, offering athletes good experience.
7 .As the Spring Festival is around the corner, airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are
(crowd) with people.
8 .Although the amount of sugar you add to coffee depends on personal (prefer), too much sugar is bad
for your health.
9 .It is the rush hour now, so I am afraid that we couldn’t make on time.
10 .The audience couldn’t stop (clap) as the skater gave a wonderful performance on the ice.
11.As Paul won first place in the science fair, his teacher tapped him the shoulder, saying “Well done!”
12 .I was about (stop) running and give up the race when I heard the whole class cheered me wildly.
13 .There was a time when the challenges of writing such a huge novel almost (defeat) her.
14 .Most of the (athlete) participating in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games spoke highly of it.
15 .The medical workers’ desire (protect) people’s lives at all costs is reflected in such an act.
16 .Jane is more suitable for the job; this is she has many years’ work experience.
17 .The prize will be given to the writer story shows great imagination.
18 .You’ll find taxis waiting at the station you can hire to reach your host family.
19 .Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.
20 .He wrote down the people and things had a great influence on his attitude towards the world.
21 .The athlete is often seen (cycle) on campus.
22 .Such a problem arises at a very high (frequent), once within three days.
23 .Have you been a diet You’ve lost a lot of weight.
24 .Having a (balance) diet made up of vegetables, meat and fruit is of importance to us if we want to
keep fit.
25 .Our hero Liu Hulan preferred (die) rather than give in to the enemy.
26 .You may have a (prefer)for English study but you shouldn’t overlook other activities, which can help
you get experience.
27 .Tom always goes (jog) in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay in shape.
28 .You rather than I (be) going to go camping this weekend.
29 .Although the old man is over 70 years old, he is still better shape than many young men.
30 .More importantly, some action must be taken such as wearing masks and washing hands (frequent).
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31 .The Olympics are the dream of every (运动员) and they have been training for years to be
Olympians.
32 .We hope this treatment will reduce the (频率) of heart disease.
33 .My friend Tony (更喜欢) meat to vegetables, which leads to his being overweight.
34 .Many people have come to realise that they should go on a (均衡的) diet.
35 .If you don’t hear any news about her (在……之内) a week, call her again.
36 . (体操) is a challenging sport but I like it.
37 .There are a multitude of small, quiet roads to (骑自行车) along.
38 .With a (滑板), you can skate on the street.
39 .Tony picked himself up and set off along the (跑道).
40 .It is essential that your (日常饮食) is varied and balanced.
三、汉译英(整句)
41 .上学期,她更愿意踢足球而不愿意打篮球。 (prefer doing...to doing...)
42 .我宁愿失败也不愿放弃这个计划。 (prefer, rather than)
43 .我爷爷身体还很健康。 (in good shape)
44 .作为一名运动员,我在每一场比赛中都会感到压力和挑战。 (pressure, challenge) (汉译英)
45 .我姐姐一直在节食,因为她很容易长胖。 (be on a diet, put on weight)
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Paul and I were 46 our school basketball team. We loved basketball and were both huge fans of the NBA .My favourie player was LeBron James, while Paul’s favourie player was Tyrone Bogues, a short guy who was only 1.6 meters tall, the same 47 Paul. Paul knew that being shorter 48 other players meant that he had to practise more. He thought Bogues could make 49 , so could he! Though Paul had real skills, he was still usually on the bench, being just a 50 (replace). He had a strong 51 (desirable) to play for the team, but didn’t get a chance. This week, a tough competition began, I 52 (crash) down and hurt 53 (bad ) so that I couldn’t play any more! We all recommended Paul 54 (play). Paul rushed onto the court and
all his hard practice paid 55 . The coach thought Paul had earned his place on the team.
参考答案:
1. athlete; athletic 2.frequent; frequently; frequency 3.prefer; preference; preferable; preferred 4. jog; jogged; jogged 5.cycle; cyclist; bicycle; cycle 6. balance; balance; balanced 7. stairs; upstairs; downstairs 8. net; internet
9.court; courtyard
1 .inspiration
【详解】考查名词。句意:像谷爱凌这样的运动员激励着热爱运动的年轻人。分析句子结构可知,不定冠
词 an 后接单数名词作表语,空处需使用其名词 inspiration (激励)。故填 inspiration。
2 .balanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意:为了健康长寿,我们必须学会均衡饮食。分析句子结构可知,空处应使用形
容词 balanced 在句中作定语修饰名词 diet。故填 balanced。
3 .frequent
【详解】考查形容词。句意:人们对这些长征故事很熟悉,因为它们频繁出现在学校教科书中。此处修饰
名词 appearance,应用形容词 frequent“频繁的” ,作定语。故填 frequent。
4 .regularly
【详解】考查副词。句意:尽管有残疾,但他喜欢跑步,从小就经常锻炼。此处修饰动词 exercise,应用
副词 regularly,作状语。故填 regularly。
5 .replacement
【详解】考查名词。句意:许多城市被鼓励用新能源汽车取代传统汽车。定冠词 the 修饰名词,空处需填
名词作宾语。故填 replacement。
6 .energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:所有志愿者都精力充沛,性格开朗,为运动员提供了良好的体验。分析句子
可知,空格处应填入形容词作定语。 energy 的形容词为 energetic,意为“精力充沛的” 。故填 energetic。
7 .crowded
【详解】考查形容词。句意:随着春节的临近,机场、火车站和长途汽车站都挤满了人。空处需填形容词
crowded,作表语, be crowded with 为固定短语,意为“挤满了” 。故填 crowded。
8 .preference
【详解】考查名词。句意:虽然你在咖啡里加多少糖取决于个人喜好,但太多的糖对你的健康有害。根据 句意,提示词作介词 on 后的宾语,用名词 preference,表示“偏爱,偏好” ,不可数名词。故填 preference。
9 .it
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:现在正是交通高峰期,所以恐怕我们不能按时到达。 make it 意为“(尤指在
困难情况下)准时到达” ,故填 it。
10 .clapping
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当这名滑冰运动员在冰场上进行精彩的表演时,观众们不停地鼓掌。固
定搭配 can’t/couldn’t stop doing sth. 意为“止不住做某事” ,动名词作宾语。故填 clapping。
11 .on
【详解】考查介词。句意:当 Paul 在科学展览上获得第一名时, 他的老师拍了拍他的肩膀说:“做得好! ”tap
sb. on the shoulder“拍某人的肩膀”是固定搭配。故填 on。
12 .to stop
【详解】考查固定用法。句意:我正要停止奔跑, 放弃比赛, 这时我听到全班同学疯狂地为我加油。be about
to do sth. when... 为固定用法,意为“ 即将/正要做某事,这时 ……” 。故填 to stop。
13 .defeated
【详解】考查时态。句意:曾经有一段时间, 写这样一部巨著的挑战几乎把她打败了。分析句子可知, when 引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 time,从句谓语动词 defeat“打败,战胜” 。根据主句的时态可知,空处应
用一般过去时。故填 defeated。
14 .athletes
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:大多数参加了北京 2022 年冬奥会的运动员都对其大加称赞。athlete 意为“运
动员” ,是可数名词; most of 后面加可数名词时,用名词的复数形式。故填 athletes。
15 .to protect
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:医务工作者们不惜一切代价保护人民生命的愿望在这一行动中得到了体
现。 desire to do sth. 意为“做某事的愿望” ,此处是不定式作后置定语,故填 to protect。
16 .because
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:Jane 更适合这份工作, 这是因为她有多年的工作经验。分析句子结构可知,
空处引导表语从句;再根据句意可知此处表示“ 因为”应填 because,表示原因。故填 because。
17 .whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:该奖将颁给小说表现出极大想象力的作家。分析句子可知,表示所属关系
的关系词在定语从句中作定语,修饰 story,所以填 whose。故填 whose。
18 .that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们会看到出租车在车站等着你,你可以租它去到你的寄宿家庭。先行词
taxis 是指物的名词,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,应用关系代词 that/which。故填 that/which。
19 .that
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:请把你所知道的关于这个职位候选人的所有信息发给我们。空后为
定语从句,修饰先行词 information , 先行词前有 all 修饰,应用关系代词 that。故填 that。
20 .that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他写下了那些对他的世界观有很大影响的人和事。空格处引导的是限制性 定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词“people and things”既有人又有物,因此空格处用关系代词 that,故填
that。
21 .cycling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那个运动员经常在校园里骑自行车。 see sb. doing sth.为固定用法, 意为“看
见某人做某事” ,本句使用了被动语态,因此用现在分词作主补。故填 cycling。
22 .frequency
【详解】考查名词。句意:这样的问题经常出现,三天内就会出现一次。 根据句意且作宾语,应填名词
frequency“频率” ,由冠词 a 修饰用单数,故填 frequency。
23 .on
【详解】考查介词,句意:你已经在节食了吗?你已经瘦了很多。 be on a diet 为固定短语,意为“节食”。
故填 on。
24 .balanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意:拥有由蔬菜、肉类和水果组成的均衡饮食对我们来说很重要,如果我们想保
持健康。名词 diet 前用形容词修饰。根据句意,故填 balanced。
25 .to die
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我们的英雄刘胡兰宁愿死也不愿向敌人屈服。prefer to do sth. rather than do
sth. 是固定句型,意为“ 宁愿…… 也不愿 ……” 。故填 to die。
26 .preference
【详解】考查名词。句意:你可以偏好英语学习,但你不应该忽视其他可以帮助你获得经验的活动。根据 空前的不定冠词 a 可知此处应用名词单数形式, 作宾语, have a preference for 为固定搭配, 意为“喜好, 偏
好” 。故填 preference。
27.jogging
【详解】考查动名词。句意:汤姆总是在清晨慢跑,也常常做俯卧撑来保持健康。go jogging 为固定短语,
意为“慢跑” 。故填 jogging。
28 .are
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这周末是你而不是我要去野营。分析句意可知,此处表示将来 的事,应用一般将来时,由空后的 going to 可知,此处使用的是 am/is/are going to 表示将来;rather than 连 接并列成分作主语, 谓语动词的人称和数应与rather than 前面的名词或代词保持一致,rather than 前面是You,
应用 are going to 。故填 are。
29 .in
【详解】考查介词。句意:尽管这位老人已经 70 多岁了,但他的身体状况仍然比许多年轻人好。in good shape
是固定短语,意为“身体状况好” ,本句是比较级结构。故填 in。
30 .frequently
【详解】考查副词。句意:更重要的是,必须采取一些行动,如戴口罩、勤洗手。根据句子结构并结合句
意可知,此处修饰动词 wash,作状语应用副词 frequently。故填 frequently。
31 .athlete
【详解】考查名词。句意:奥运会是每一个运动员的梦想并且他们为了奥运会已经训练了很多年。根据空 格前的代词 every 可知, 空格处应填名词的单数形式构成 of 所有格, 作名词 dream 的定语, 结合汉语提示
“运动员”是 athlete。故填 athlete。
32 .frequency
【详解】考查名词。我们希望这种治疗方法能减少心脏病发作的频率。根据汉语意思可知填不可数名词
frequency 作宾语。故填 frequency。
33 .prefers
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:我的朋友托尼喜欢吃肉而不喜欢蔬菜,这导致他超重了。表示“更喜欢” 应用动词 prefer,prefer sth. to sth. 是固定用法, 意为“ 比起……更喜欢 ……”。根据句中 leads to 可知, 此处
应用一般现在时态。故填 prefers。
34 .balanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意:许多人已经意识到他们应该保持均衡的饮食。根据汉语提示可知填形容词
balanced 修饰名词 diet。故填 balanced。
35 .within
【详解】考查介词。句意:如果你在一周内没有她的消息,再打电话给她。根据汉语提示可知应填介词
within,故填 within。
36 .Gymnastics
【详解】考查名词。句意:体操是一项具有挑战性的运动,但我喜欢它。分析句子可知,空格处应填入名
词作主语。表示“体操”应用 gymnastics,意为“体操训练;体操” 。置于句首首字母应大写。故填
Gymnastics。
37 .cycle
【详解】考查动词。句意:有许多安静的小路可供骑行。动词 cycle,意为“骑自行车” ,根据空前不定式
to ,所以空处用动词原形,故填 cycle。
38 .skateboard
【详解】考查名词。句意:有了滑板,你可以在街上滑冰。根据汉语提示及空前不定冠词 a 可知,空处用
单数名词 skateboard,故填 skateboard。
39 .track
【详解】考查名词。句意:托尼站起来,沿着跑道出发了。分析句子可知,空格处应填入名词作宾语。表
示“跑道”应用 track,由 the 可知,此处特指这条跑道,为单数意义。故填 track。
40 .diet
【详解】考查名词。句意:多样化和均衡的饮食是至关重要的。分析句子可知, 空格处应填入名词作主语。
表示“ 日常饮食”应用 diet。故填 diet。
41 .Last term, she preferred playing football to playing basketball.
【详解】考查固定短语以及时态。表示“学期”应用名词 term;表示“更愿意……而不愿意 ……”应用短语 prefer
doing...to doing... ;表示“踢足球”应用 play football;表示“打篮球”应用 play basketball。根据句意可知,此
处应用一般过去时态。故翻译为: Last term, she preferred playing football to playing basketball.
42 .I prefer to fail rather than give up the plan.
【详解】考查固定句型。表示“ 宁愿…… 也不愿 ……”应用 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.;表示“失败”应
用动词 fail;表示“放弃”应用动词短语 give up。故翻译为: I prefer to fail rather than give up the plan.
43 .My grandpa is still in good shape.
【详解】考查固定短语以及句子结构。句子描述一般性事实, 应用一般现在时。表示“身体健康”应用短语 in good shape;表示“还”应用副词 still。分析句子可知,此处应用“主系表”句型。故翻译为:My grandpa is still
in good shape.
44 .As an athlete, I will feel pressure and challenge in every competition.
【详解】考查介词短语、动词和名词。根据句意以及提示词可知, 表示“作为一名运动员”应为介词短语 As an athlete;表示“感到”为动词 feel;表示“压力”为名词 pressure;表示“挑战”为名词 challenge;表示“在每一 场比赛中”应为介词短语 in every competition。故翻译为: As an athlete, I will feel pressure and challenge in
every competition。
45 .My elder sister is always on a diet, because she puts on weight easily.
【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语以及时态。 “我姐姐一直在节食”为主句, “ 因为她很容易长胖”为原因状 语从句;表示“节食”应用短语 be on a diet;表示“长胖”应用短语 put on weight;表示“容易”应用副词 easily; 表示“ 因为”应用从属连词 because 引导原因状语从句。根据句意可知,此处应用一般现在时态。故翻译为:
My elder sister is always on a diet, because she puts on weight easily.
46 .on 47 .as 48 .than 49 .it 50 .replacement 51 .desire 52 .was crashed
53 .badly 54 .to play 55 .off
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了保罗和作者是学校篮球队的队员, 但是保罗很矮必须多练习, 只能
作为替补队员,直到有一次比赛作者摔倒,保罗被替换上场证明了自己。
46.考查介词。句意:保罗和我是学校篮球队的队员。结合句意表示“是篮球队的队员”应用 on the basketball
team 。故填 on。
47 .考查介词。句意:我最喜欢的球员是 LeBron James,而保罗最喜欢的球员是 Tyrone Bogues ,一个只有
1.6 米高的矮个子,和保罗一样。结合句意表示“和……一样”可知短语为 the same as。故填 as。
48 .考查介词。句意:保罗知道比其他球员矮就意味着他必须多练习。根据上文 being shorter 以及结合句
意表示“ 比 ……”应用介词 than。故填 than。
49 .考查固定短语。句意:他认为博格斯能成功,他也能!结合句意表示“成功”可知短语为 make it。故填
it。
50 .考查名词。句意:虽然保罗有真正的技术,但他通常还是坐在板凳上,只是一个替补。空处作表语,
表示“ 替补”应用名词 replacement,冠词 a 提示用单数。故填 replacement。
51 .考查名词。句意:他有强烈的愿望为球队效力,但没有得到机会。空处作宾语,表示“愿望”应填名词
desire,冠词 a 提示用单数。故填 desire。
52 .考查动词时态语态。句意:这个星期, 一场激烈的比赛开始了,我被撞倒了,受了重伤,所以我不能 再比赛了!根据上文 This week 可知用一般过去时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被
动语态,主语为 I,谓语用单数。故填 was crashed。
53.考查副词。句意:这个星期, 一场激烈的比赛开始了, 我被撞倒了, 受了重伤, 所以我不能再比赛了!
修饰动词 hurt 应用副词 badly,作状语,表示“严重地” 。故填 badly。
54.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们都推荐保罗去比赛。结合句意表示“推荐某人做某事”可知短语为 recommend
sb. to do sth. 。故填 to play。
55 .考查介词。句意:保罗冲到球场上,他所有的刻苦训练都得到了回报。结合句意表示“得到回报”可知
短语为 pay off。故填 off。

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