2024备战英语高考——狂刷模拟之名词辨析（天津专版）

2024备战英语高考——狂刷模拟之名词辨析（天津专版）
（1）
1. （2022天津模拟预测）Some of the language used on the Internet is different from that used in other forms of ________.
A．communication B．exchange C．literature D．transport
2. （2021天津南开统考一模）We are going to lose anyway, but the ________ of playing is not to win but to participate.
A．honour B．point C．term D．favour
3. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A．devotion B．division C．potential D．priority
4. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）The local government has begun a ________ in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.
A．protest B．protect C．project D．propose
5. （2022天津宁河天津市宁河区芦台第一中学校考二模）When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A．comparison B．accumulation C．intervention D．conservation
6. （2022天津南开统考二模）The valley was covered with a________ of heavy mist.
A．piece B．bar C．bunch D．blanket
7. （2022天津南开统考一模）These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A．component B．coverage C．capacity D．comprehension
8. （2020天津红桥统考一模）You’ll find this map of great ________ in helping you to get around in London.
A．value B．effect C．concern D．vision
9. （2020天津南开统考一模）They were initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing _____ from parents.
A．recognition B．toleration C．opposition D．presentation
10. （2020天津统考一模）These reports give an ______ rather than the details. Some important things are not included.
A．mark B．account C．comment D．outline
11. （2020天津河东统考一模）The study of a modern language has a unique ______ to make to the development of cultural awareness.
A．influence B．connection C．contribution D．devotion
12. （2020天津统考二模）Recently there has been a in young people toward watching professional video games.
A．trend B．routine C．reaction D．motivation
13. （2020天津和平统考二模）I’m never going to guess the answer if you don’t give me a _______.
A．relief B．clue C．route D．preview
14. （2023天津南开统考二模）As companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an ________ of youth culture.
A．expansion B．extension C．expression D．exhibition
15. （2021天津红桥统考一模）—Do you think I should wear a hat to the party
—It all depends on your own________.
A．personality B．preference C．convenience D．selection
（2）
1. （2021天津统考一模）We are deeply impressed by his ________ to teaching.
A．consideration B．celebration C．devotion D．description
2. （2021天津河东统考二模）You’d better pay your loan on time, as late payments may affect your ________ .
A．condition B．credit C．income D．status
3. （2021天津南开中学校考二模）The stronger the________ is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether he has an interest in it.
A．motivation B．ambition C．effect D．imagination
4. （2021天津校考三模）Thanksgiving Day offers us an opportunity to express ________ to our family, friends and even strangers.
A．satisfaction B．appreciation C．reputation D．cooperation
5. （2021天津北京师范大学天津附属中学校考三模）In all aspects of the society, there are many heroes dedicated to their work. So they should get the ________ they deserves.
A．award B．ceremony C．price D．credit
6. （2022天津河东统考二模）When the ship was about to sink, the captain had no ________ but to give orders to abandon the ship.
A．time B．power C．option D．strength
7. （2022天津模拟预测）The media are filled with ________ about what roles women should play in society.
A．crisis B．convention C．stereotypes D．substances
8. （2022天津耀华中学校考模拟预测）Mr. Brown thought it would be a good idea to have ________ from his workers to improve his plan.
A．summaries B．admissions C．comments D．connections
9. （2022天津一模）The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A．privilege B．liberty C．insight D．emergency
10. （2023天津河西统考三模）My first ______ of our English teacher was that she was too strict, but now she is a patient and kind-hearted lady in my mind.
A．connection B．motivation C．permission D．impression
11. （2022天津河西统考二模）There is no doubt that your tiredness is a(n) ________ of great stress and lack of sleep; you need to have a good rest.
A．assumption B．consequence C．consumption D．convenience
12. （2023天津模拟预测）A much better way must be found to achieve an equal _____ of the resources.
A．distribution B．contribution C．catalogue D．separation
13. （2023天津和平统考一模）Having the courage to be disliked does not mean that you can use your weaknesses as an ________ for not improving yourself.
A．capacity B．excuse C．passion D．demand
14. （2023天津模拟预测）Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ________ of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from those mistakes.
A．procedure B．pursuit C．preference D．progress
15. （2021天津和平统考一模）Under no ____ should passengers leave the underground platform and get on the tracks.
A．circumstances B．situations C．occasions D．cases
（3）
1. （2020天津校联考一模）Planning so far ahead makes no ______ —so many things will have changed by next year.
A．sense B．room C．choice D．effort
2. （2020天津和平统考一模）The harmful effects that smog can have on people’s health are one of the top ______ of those who live in some cities.
A．concerns B．conflicts C．characters D．charges
3. （2020天津南开统考一模）—Are you still willing to lend money to your roommate
—Yes. I have always held the ______ that he is an honest fellow.
A．belief B．truth C．custom D．fact
4. （2023天津和平统考二模）Students are encouraged to speak and improve their English with the ________ of teachers who will always use English with them and give them help.
A．absence B．strength C．defence D．presence
5. （2020天津统考一模）Recently, over 30 universities received the ______________ to establish the four-year undergraduate Al-related majors.
A．approval B．statement C．revolution D．recognition
6. （2022天津模拟预测）The composition seems imperfect but you should make_________ for the fact that the author is only seven.
A．appointments. B．assumptions. C．allowances. D．arrangements
7. （2020天津校联考一模）Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous_________, because it gives a fairer picture of how the student has done during the whole year.
A．arrangement B．assessment C．argument D．approach
8. （2020天津校联考一模）Children have a natural _________about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it.
A．phenomenon B．atmosphere C．appreciation D．curiosity
9. （2020天津河西统考二模）Most passengers like sitting in the front of a bus to have a better view. What’s more, they believe it’s less likely that _______will happen.
A．car-accident B．car-sickness C．car-trouble D．car-crash
10. （2020天津和平统考三模）—Have you finished that long article written by the famous scientist
—No, I used up my ______. It’s too long and I only stopped halfway.
A．determination B．devotion C．patience D．strength
11. （2020天津南开统考二模）—Could you share with me your ________ for happiness
—Having a positive outlook on life.
A．record B．recipe C．range D．receipt
12. （2020天津南开中学校考三模）There is a great _______ of relief that nobody was killed or seriously injured in the car accident.
A．sense B．resource C．effect D．root
13. （2020天津北辰统考三模）The rich man often provides the local poor people with free food and money, so they are very thankful for his ________.
A．adventure B．generosity C．passion D．personally
14. （2022天津市滨海新区大港油田实验中学校考模拟预测）His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America’s greatest writers.
A．trust B．contact C．reputation D．theory
15. （2021天津校考模拟预测）He gave him a new name to hide his _______ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion B．talent C．identity D．devotion
（4）
1. （2021天津红桥统考模拟预测）Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of .
A．source B．energy C．power D．material
2. （2021天津河西统考一模）What was Jeff’s ______to the news that he was chosen to be chairman of the students’ union
A．reaction B．impression C．permission D．conclusion
3. （2021天津校联考一模）The________ people take to cloning varies widely from country to country.
A．attitude B．advantage C．pride D．part
4. （2023天津河北统考二模）Her enthusiasm and ________to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas.
A．judgement B．commitment C．competition D．evolution
5. （2021天津河东统考一模）Lao Gan Ma, a popular chilli sauce, built up its ______by providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.
A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation
6. （2021天津和平统考二模）The trip aims to provide the children with a________ of the countryside first-hand.
A．taste B．reach C．touch D．load
7. （2021天津校联考二模）--- I don’t feel I can accept her words.
---But what she said was fair ________.
A．content B．comment C．contact D．concern
8. （2021天津河北统考二模）The environmentalists said wild goats’ ______ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A．accommodation B．absence C．attendance D．appearance
9. （2021天津和平耀华中学校考一模）The new law makes no ________ between adults and children, so everyone is treated equally.
A．distinction B．comparison C．assumption D．division
10. （2021天津和平统考三模）—Will you take my previous experience into________ when you fix my salary
—You bet. We always do for senior-level positions.
A．mind B．thought C．reference D．account
11. （2021天津河西统考三模）It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular ________.
A．gaps B．intervals C．length D．distance
12. （2021天津耀华中学校考二模）The ________ from England to India used to take more than 6 months as there were storms and huge waves at times.
A．travel B．journey C．voyage D．trip
13. （2023天津耀华中学校考一模）Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.
A．supply B．assistance C．quantity D．release
14. （2021天津市宁河区芦台第一中学校考模拟预测）I have heard that it is a common _______ in that country to hold a big party to celebrate when a child turns 15.
A．practice B．method C．evidence D．effects
15. （2021天津市宝坻区第一中学校考三模）It’s said that dogs will keep you _______ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A．companion B．colleague C．company D．relation
（5）
1. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees, a great many ______answered the call.
A．ancestors B．applicants C．operators D．boarders
2. （2022天津南开统考一模）The ________ on Sarah’s face told me that she got annoyed.
A．confidence B．expression C．appearance D．impression
3. （2022天津河北统考一模）The ______ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
A．decoration B．construction C．competition D．combination
4. （2019天津红桥统考二模）Our class held a fierce ________ as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.
A．bargain B．contest C．debate D．campaign
5. （2023天津北辰统考模拟预测）—Are you feeling any better, Lucy
—Yes. The medicine the doctor gave me brought ________ to my headache.
A．safety B．shelter C．relief D．defense
6. （2022天津河东统考一模）The signing of this agreement will ease the international________, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries.
A．tension B．regulation C．process D．affection
7. （2022天津和平统考一模）We’ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional ________.
A．interest B．attitude C．competence D．reputation
8. （2023天津河西统考二模）To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel ________.
A．consumption B．collection C．commitment D．distribution
9. （2022天津模拟预测）As expected, the boy who shows great ______ in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport university for his talent.
A．requirement B．respect C．addition D．promise
10. （2022天津模拟预测）The company presented him with a gold watch in ________ of his 20 years of good service.
A．achievement B．appreciation C．attention D．agreement
11. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）Protecting yourself from ________ theft is a matter of treating all your personal and financial documents as top-secret information.
A．identity B．database C．conference D．resident
12. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）Seeing the ________ of my daughter playing with other kids on the beach, I felt so happy.
A．scene B．scenery C．view D．sight
13. （2023天津滨海新统考三模）Through the old soldiers’vivid ________of the Long March, the students gained a more profound insight into the incomparable loyalty and firm belief of the Red Army.
A．issue B．account C．opinion D．practice
14. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my ________, peers, and subordinates.
A．alumni B．interns C．colleagues D．seniors
15. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）The teacher often makes a(n) ________ on how different the two boys are.
A．comment B．decision C．impression D．effect
（6）
1. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this ______ out of the long-existing discrimination.
A．concept B．assessment C．identity D．personality
2. （2022天津静海一中校考模拟预测）Nowadays the ______for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A．priority B．potential C．preference D．prejudice
3. （2022天津河北统考二模）The club is currently planning several ________ to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.
A．dimensions B．inspirations C．competitions D．expansions
4. （2022天津模拟预测）Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ___.
A．interest B．attitude C．competence D．reputation
5. （2022天津滨海新统考一模）Nowadays, many chefs take _____ from old recipe collection and recreate dishes to suit young appetite.
A．purpose B．potential C．virtue D．inspiration
6. （2022天津和平统考三模）He made it clear to his parents that he was going into town with the ________ of visiting the library and borrowing some books.
A．service B．intention C．doubt D．brief
7. （2022天津校联考二模）The man was responsible for much of the research and ______ work that led to the understanding of the structure of DNA．
A．discovery B．production C．creation D．contribution
8. （2022天津校联考二模）People have difficulty accepting that their pictures were webcast live to millions of viewers, ______ the fact that some of them were not so graceful.
A．no doubt B．no denying C．nothing like D．not to mention
9. （2022天津南开统考三模）Because of long-time _____ from other continents, Australia owns its special animals.
A．separation B．division C．movement D．connection
10. （2023天津统考二模）I have always regarded him as a man of _____ for he never takes advantage of others.
A．loyalty B．generosity C．wisdom D．integrity
11. （2023天津耀华中学校考二模）Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism but the people also rapidly feel its ________.
A．benefits B．contribution C．demand D．effects
12. （2023天津河东统考一模）The TV series Flight to You has received a lot of positive________ from the audience.
A．reviews B．previews C．revisions D．proposals
13. （2023天津滨海新校联考一模）If we order this English-Chinese dictionary in large quantities from the bookstore, they will consider giving us a _________of at least 10%.
A．discount B．bargain C．budget D．reward
14. （2023天津校联考一模）When coming across a word you don’t know, you can try to guess the meaning of the word from the ______.
A．context B．access C．creativity D．approach
15. （2023天津校联考二模）The dress is a cheaper ______ of the one seen at the Paris fashion shows.
A．vision B．version C．variety D．vehicle
（7）
1. （2023天津南开统考一模）At that time we had to make the _______ that the disease was spreading and take action to stop it.
A．arrangement B．appointment C．assumption D．assistance
2. （2019天津实验中学校考一模）---Where is the plane？I can’t see it.
---It went off its ________________ to keep away from the sudden storm.
A．course B．road C．flight D．direction
3. （2023天津河东统考二模）It’s reported that many wars broke out in the Middle East. What’s your ________of the situation there
A．assessment B．adjustment C．appointment D．assistance
4. （2023天津南开中学校考模拟预测）Healthcare workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ______to patients.
A．guidance B．assignment C．exposure D．response
5. （2019天津和平校联考二模）Every time you enter the subway station, you must have the ______ of your bag checked to make sure you aren’t carrying any illegal things.
A．spots B．contents C．qualities D．entrances
6. （2020校联考一模）—The governor made only a passing________ to the problem of unemployment.
—Yes, he mentioned it quickly.
A．difference B．reference C．opposition D．adaptation
7. （2022天津模拟预测）The resolution will be significant for the nation to seize the period of strategic ________as it faces the most complicated external environments.
A．organization B．opposition C．opportunity D．occupation
8. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）Literally, overcapacity (产能过剩) pressured operating margins (利润), impacting players that lack scale or management ________to reduce costs.
A．stability B．fluency C．persistence D．expertise
9. （2022天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）They certainly need a ________of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaborate requires understanding how these roles work together.
A．stability B．grasp C．acknowledgement D．manner
10. （2023天津红桥统考一模）To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for his talent.
A．choice B．respect C．addition D．promise
11. （2013天津河西统考一模）I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ______.
A．wait B．time C．patience D．rest
12. （2019天津河西校联考一模）It’s supposed to be the end of the paperback(简装书) and the __________ of digital media, but some bookstores are surviving the Internet Age with surprising success.
A．deadline B．dawn C．dusk D．departure
13. （2019天津耀华中学校考一模）Of the seven days in a week. Saturday is said to be the most popular _______ for a wedding in some countries.
A．way B．situation C．event D．choice
14. （2020天津滨海新统考一模）I’m trying to break the of getting up too late.
A．tradition B．convenience C．habit D．leisure
15. （2019耀华中学校考二模）---Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life？
---Living every day to the fullest，definitely.
A．recipe B．effort C．content D．demand
（8）
1. （2023天津校联考一模）This book gives a brief _____ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.
A．outline B．reference C．article D．outlook
2. （2022天津耀华中学校考模拟预测）—I’m thinking of going away after Christmas for a week or so. Somewhere warm, you know.
—What kind of price ________ were you thinking about I can find the exact information for you.
A．variety B．range C．list D．level
3. （2018天津统考一模）The police recognized the criminal from his typical facial ________ — a scar on the forehead.
A．expression B．feature C．outline D．gesture
4. （2022天津统考一模）Many people in Haiti died from the earthquake because they didn’t have ____ to immediate rescue.
A．access B．approach C．admission D．attention
5. （2017天津校联考一模）Although war still exists on our planet，I do believe it’s possible for different ethnic groups to live together in ______.
A．agreement B．harmony C．connection D．comparison
6. （2019天津南开统考一模） At the meeting they discussed three different ______ to the study of mathematics.
A．methods B．approaches C．ways D．means
7. （2013天津校联考二模）The actress received an award for her ______ to charity work.
A．addiction B．devotion C．allowance D．application
8. （2022天津模拟预测）You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future_________ .
A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory
9. （2023天津南开中学校考模拟预测）The purse found on the playground matches the __ by Mary, so it must be hers.
A．direction B．expression C．description D．instruction
10. （2022西青区杨柳青第一中学校考模拟预测）We most prefer to say yes to the ___ of someone we know and like.
A．attempts B．requests C．doubts D．promises
11. （2019天津校联考二模）______ to success can’t defeat us. Instead, they can only make us stronger.
A．Attempts B．Barriers C．Contributions D．Access
12. （2019天津市宝坻区第一中学校考三模）At that time, my mind was a complete _____; I couldn’t think of a single answer.
A．blank B．bonus C．blow D．bottom
13. （2019天津东丽校联考一模）The Games are known as the friendly games because of their ________ on kindness and mutual respect.
A．lacks B．focuses C．challenges D．researches
14. （2022天津河西统考三模）In the past few years, we’ve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international _______.
A．conclusion B．standard C．potential D．recognition
15. （2019天津河北校联考一模）It came as a great ____ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A．relief B．sense C．relaxion D．favor
（9）
1. （2019天津校联考一模）Wild swans’ ________ in the area is a good indication of a better environment.
A．exhibition B．escape C．absence D．appearance
2. （2019天津河东统考一模）I broke my relationship with Peter because he always found _______ with me.
A．error B．failure C．mistake D．fault
3. （2019天津校联考二模）—What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple
—He helped their son with his lessons.
A．conservation B．admission C．accommodation D．immigration
4. （2022天津耀华中学校考一模）To make extra-class education run on the right track, China is tightening _____ of after-school training institutions.
A．application B．regulation C．adaptation D．cooperation
5. （2019天津南开校联考三模）This restaurant has become popular for its wide ______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A．production B．offer C．range D．division
6. （2019天津河北校联考二模）The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.
A．access B．passage C．way D．approach
7. （2017天津河北统考一模）—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes
— Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.
A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick
8. （2019天津北辰校联考一模）China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, whose positioning ________ will reach 2.5 meters by 2020, will soon provide services for more countries.
A．accuracy B．category C．function D．reference
9. （2017天津红桥统考一模）Time and time again she was warned of the ________of her action.
A．effects B．results C．importance D．consequences
10. （2017天津校联考一模）Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ________ to patients.
A．exposure B．discrimination C．guidance D．response
11. （2022天津耀华中学校考模拟预测）I have heard that it is a common in that country to hold a big party to celebrate when a child turns 15.
A．practice B．method C．evidence D．effect
12. （2018天津校联考一模）Jane realized her _______ to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.
A．achievement B．commitment C．competition D．ambition
13. （2018天津河东统考一模）In recent years, Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China.
A．reputation B．enjoyment C．appreciation D．entertainment
14. （2017天津和平统考一模）If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time. That is a common ________ in the USA．
A．view B．exercise C．practice D．reality
15. （2016天津河东统考一模）Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this______ out of the long-existing discrimination.
A．concept B．responsibility C．identity D．personality
（10）
1. （2019天津红桥校联考二模）—What does PM 2.5 mean
—It’s a professional_____________ indicating the condition of air pollution.
A．number B．mark C．term D．item
2. （2019天津河西校联考二模）After leaving his home as a young man to seek his ________ in western mining, Millsaps joined the Salvation Army in 1883.
A．recreation B．fortune C．expectation D．reputation
3. （2022天津校联考一模）（2016江苏） — Can you tell us your ____for happiness and a long life
— Living every day to the full, definitely.
A．recipe B．record C．range D．receipt
4. （2016天津河东统考二模）Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within the ______ of children.
A．stretch B．expand C．reach D．extend
5. （2016天津和平统考二模）Every school into the competition will have a chance to win $2,000 ______ of computing equipment.
A．price B．worth C．value D．cost
6. （2022天津模拟预测）Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A．motivation B．qualification C．talent D．technique
7. （2015天津和平统考模拟预测）The ______ a teacher has on children is usually greater than that of their parents.
A．use B．effort C．effect D．energy
8. （2020天津滨海新天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学校考一模）（2015江苏）Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A．judgments B．adjustments C．comments D．achievements
9. （2021天津市宁河区芦台第一中学校考一模）（2015湖北）He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion B．talent C．identity D．treasure
10. （2019天津静海校联考一模）When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.
A．balance B．chance C．memory D．place
11. （2021天津红桥统考二模）The failure was a big __________ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A．blow B．issue C．excuse D．factor
12. （2015天津和平统考二模）You’ll find this English map of great ______ in helping you to get round Paris.
A．price B．value C．cost D．worth
13. （2019天津红桥校联考一模）—Fiona never fails to grasp any chance of promotion.
—She’s a woman of ________.
A．ambition B．attention C．expectation D．reputation
14. （2019天津河东校联考二模）— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don’t have enough money for a new one
— That’s a good _________.
A．saying B．question C．suggestion D．account
15. （2017天津南开统考三模）It was a difficult job for him. He had tried everything but it made little ________.
A．use B．good C．difference D．result
（11）
1. （2022天津红桥统考二模） My teacher is very nice. I’ll never forget the ______he has done for me.
A．favor B．kindness C．help D．benefit
2. （2023天津市新华中学校考模拟预测）In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a __________ for everyone to stand up.
A．signal B．chance C．mark D．measure
3. （2020天津校联考二模）—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency
—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.
A．strength B．talent C．ability D．skill
4. （2017天津和平统考模拟预测）The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _____________ of global climate change.
A．Result B．cause C．warning D．reflection
5. （2010天津统考一模）It is well-known that the Internet will let people have ________ to huge amounts of information from their own homes.
A．entrance B．way C．means D．access
6. （2022天津市咸水沽第一中学校考模拟预测）It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your ________.
A．condition B．income C．credit D．status
7. （2017天津耀华中学校考二模）Competition for entry to these programs is keen, and applicants need above-average grades to gain ________.
A．ambition B．preference C．admission D．ability
8. （2020天津河西统考一模）Due to the _____ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.
A．appreciation B．application C．appointment D．approach
9. （2016天津南开统考一模）They’ve finally decided to put an end to the long and bitter ________ between them and make peace.
A．survey B．conflict C．concern D．request
10. （2020天津河北统考一模）He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character
11. （2020天津河北统考一模）Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________．
A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence
12. （2022天津市宁河区芦台第一中学校考一模）Some experts fear that too-early ________ to computers will have harmful consequences for children’s development.
A．exposure B．extension C．exhibition D．expansion
13. （2019天津和平统考三模）Working hard is not a _____ of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.
A．sign B．signal C．guarantee D．mark
14. （2019天津校联考三模）He gets up at six o’clock, runs for half an hour and then has a meal; that is his morning __.
A．route B．routine C．behavior D．tendency
15. （2019天津和平校联考一模）The government placed _____ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
A．limitations B．administration C．requirements D．restrictions
16. （2019天津南开统考一模）School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ________.
A．states B．conditions C．situations D．positions
17. （2021天津河北统考一模）Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the ____ you’ve made.
A．assignment B．association C．acquisition D．assumption
18. （2019天津南开校联考二模）She’s jogging around the park every morning in a（n）______ to have a good figure.
A．contribution B．effort C．honour D．purpose
19. （2022天津市咸水沽第一中学校考模拟预测）Some schools, including ours, will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A．amusements B．adjustments C．appointments D．achievements
参考答案及解析
（1）
1. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：互联网上使用的一些语言不同于其他形式的交流。A. communication交流；B. exchange交换；C. literature文学；D. transport运输。由Some of the language used on the Internet 可知，此处指互联网上的语言交流方式，它与其他形式的交流不一样，communication符合句意。故选A项。
2. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，我们最后都会输，但比赛的目的不是为了赢而是为了参与。A. honour荣誉；B. point目的、重点；C. term术语；D. favour赞同。由下文的“not to win but to participate”可知此处指的是“比赛的目的（point）”。故选B项。
3. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B. division分开；C. potential潜能；D. priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。故选D。
4. C
【详解】考查名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C. project方案（名词）；计划（动词）；D. propose提议（动词）。根据冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词“project方案”符合句意。故选C。
5. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定项目。A. comparison对比；B. accumulation积累；C. intervention干预；D. conservation保护。由“When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math”可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，故选C。
6. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：山谷笼罩着一层浓雾。A. piece张，片；B. bar块，棒；C. bunch束，串；D. blanket厚层。由“heavy mist”可知，句子表示“山谷笼罩着一层浓雾”，空格处意为“厚层；覆盖层”，故选D。
7. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下。A. component成分；B. coverage报道；C. capacity能力；D. comprehension理解。由“even in the most extreme circumstances”可知，句子表示“这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下”，空格处意为“能力”。故选C。
8. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析，句意：你将会发现这份地图在助你环游伦敦上的巨大价值。A. value价值，重要性；B. effect影响，效果，作用；C. concern关心，忧虑；D. vision视力，美景，想象力。综合句意，这份地图对于指明旅行方向是有帮助的，对游客而言有“价值”/是很重要的，故选A。
9. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻原本打算在海外举行婚礼，但由于遭到父母的反对，不得不放弃了这个想法。A. recognition识别；B. toleration宽容；C. opposition反对；D. presentation展示，呈现。根据文中had to drop the idea(不得不放弃这个想法)，可知是遇到父母的反对了。故选C项。
10. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些报告给出了梗概而不是细节。一些重要的事情没有包括在内。A. mark标记；B. account账户；描述；C. comment评论；D. outline概要。根据下文“一些重要的事情没有包括在内。”说明仅仅是给出了概要。故选D。
11. C
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：现代语言的研究对促进文化意识的发展有独特的贡献。A. influence影响；B. connection连接；C. contribution贡献；D. devotion 奉献。have a contribution to …，对……有贡献，这里指现代语言的研究对文化意识的发展有贡献，故选C。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，在年轻人当中有一种观看专业选手游戏比赛录像的（流行）趋势。A. trend趋势，趋向；B. routine路线；C. reaction反应，感应；D. motivation动力，动机，积极性。在年轻人中间（in young people）出现的看游戏录像，是一种新流行的趋势，故选A。
13. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你不给我提示，我绝对猜不到答案。A. relief 释放；B. clue 提示、线索；C. route 路线；D. preview预演。根据语境，空白处表示“提示”，give a clue意为“给提示”，呼应guess the answer。故选B。
14. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。A. expansion扩大；B. extension延伸；C. expression表达；D. exhibition展览。根据空后“of youth culture”及常识可知，此处指办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。故选B。
15. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你觉得我应该戴帽子去派对吗 ——这完全取决于你自己的喜好。A.personality个性； B.preference 偏爱；喜爱；C.convenience方便； D.selection选择。根据句意，此处指的是根据个人的偏爱。故选B。
（2）
1. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对教学的奉献精神给我们留下了深刻的印象。A. consideration考虑；B. celebration庆祝；C. devotion奉献；D. description描述。根据句意可知，此处为短语devotion to...，表示“对……的奉献，忠诚”。故选C。
2. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好按时还贷，因为逾期还款可能影响你的信誉。condition状况；credit信誉；income收入；status地位。根据常识可知，逾期还款影响信誉。故选B。
3. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感兴趣。根据“ he has an interest in it”可知，动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。故选A项。
4. B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意感恩节让我们有机会向家人、朋友，甚至是陌生人表达感激之情。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B. appreciation感激，欣赏；C. reputation名声；D. cooperation合作。根据句意和常识可知，感恩节的主题就是向他人表达感激之情。故选B项。
5. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在社会的各个方面，都有许多英雄献身于他们的工作。所以他们应该得到他们应得的荣誉。A.award奖; B.ceremony仪式； C.price价格； D.credit荣誉。根据“ there are many heroes dedicated to their work. ”可知，英雄们应该得到他们应得的荣誉。故选D项。
6. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当船即将沉没时，船长别无选择，只能下令弃船。A.time 时间；B. power力量；C.option选择；D. strength力气。固定短语have no option but to do sth.意为“除了……别无选择”，该空应该填名词option，符合句意及其语法结构。故选C项。
7. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充斥着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B. convention习俗；C. stereotypes刻板印象；D. substances物质。由what roles women should play in society可知，媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。故选C项。
8. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结；B. admissions准许进入；C. comments意见，评论；D. connections连接。根据“from his workers to improve his plan.”可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划。故选C。
9. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在巴黎的经历让这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解，所以他创办了一所学校教孩子们弹钢琴。A. privilege特权；B. liberty自由；C. insight洞察力，见解；D. emergency紧急情况。根据“the influence of music on children”可知，此处表示这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解。故选C。
10. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对英语老师的第一印象是她太严格了，但是现在我觉得她是一个有耐心，善良的人。A. connection联系；B. motivation动力；C. permission允许；D. imoression印象。根据句意可知，此处意为“印象”，表达为impression。故选D。
11. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，你的疲劳是由于巨大的压力和睡眠不足造成的；你需要好好休息。A. assumption假设，假定；B. consequence结果，后果；C. consumption消耗；D. convenience方便。分析句意可知，你疲劳是压力大和睡眠不足的结果。故选B项。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：必须找到一个更好的办法来平均分配资源。A. distribution分配；B. contribution贡献；C. catalogue目录（簿）；D. separation分离，分开。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词distribution，意为“分配，分发”。故选A。
13. B
【详解】考查名词。句意：有不被人喜欢的勇气，并不意味着你可以把自己的弱点作为不提高自己的借口。A. capacity能力；B. excuse借口；C. passion热情；D. demand命令。结合句意可知，能接受自己不被人喜欢并不能作为借口。故选B项。
14. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功属于那些在追求目标和抱负的过程中愿意冒犯错误的风险，并且能够从这些错误中吸取教训的人。A. procedure程序；B. pursuit追求；C. preference偏爱；D. progress进步。根据后文“of their goals and ambitions”指追求目标和抱负。故选B。
15. A
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在任何情况下，乘客都不应离开地下站台上轨道。under no circumstance为固定搭配，意为“在任何情况下”。结合句意，故选A项。
（3）
1. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提前这么早计划没意义，到明年很多事情都已经改变。A. sense感觉，道理；B. room房间，空间；C. choice选择；D. effort努力。结合句意可知本句考查短语make sense有意义，故选A项。
2. A
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：雾霾对人们健康的危害是一些城市居民最关心的问题之一。A. concerns关心的事、担心；B. conflicts冲突；C. characters性格；D. charges费用。根据“The harmful effects that smog can have on people’s health”可知此处表示“关心的事”，故A项正确。
3. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—你还愿意借钱给你的室友吗 —是的。我一直认为他是一个诚实的人。A. belief看法，信念；B. truth真相；C. custom风俗；D. fact事实。that he is an honest fellow是该空的同位语从句。“他是一个诚实的人”，这是第二个人的看法。故选A。
4. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们鼓励学生在老师在场的时候说英语，提高英语水平，老师会经常和他们一起使用英语并给予他们帮助。A. absence缺席；B. strength体力；C. defence防御；D. presence在场，出席。根据句意，表示“在场”用介词短语with the presence of (sb.)，意为“(有某人)在场”。故选D项。
5. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，30多所大学获得批准，开设了四年制本科专业。A. approval批准；B. statement声明；C. revolution革命；D. recognition识别。根据空后to establish the four-year undergraduate Al-related majors.及常识可知，大学开设专业是需要上级批准的。故选A。
6. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇作文似乎有瑕疵但是你应该考虑到作者只有7岁的事实。A. appointments 约定； B. assumptions 假定，设想； C. allowances 允许，津贴； D. arrangements 安排，准备。make allowances for是固定搭配，表示考虑到，体谅，符合语境表达。故选C。
7. B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：现在大多数学校更喜欢采用连续评估，因为这样能更公平地反映学生一年来的表现。A. arrangement 安排；B. assessment 评估；C. argument争论; 争辨；D. approach方法。根据后面的“这样能更公平地反映学生一年来的表现”，可知，此处应是对学生进行连续的评估（assessment），故选B。
8. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们对周围的世界有着天然的好奇心，并且他们倾向于一直问关于它的问题。A. phenomenon现象；B. atmosphere氛围；C. appreciation欣赏；D. curiosity好奇心。根据they tend to keep asking questions about it.可知此处用“好奇心”符合语境，故选D项。
9. B
【详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数乘客喜欢坐在公共汽车的前部，以便看得更清楚。更重要的是，他们认为这是不太可能发生晕车的。A. car-accident车祸；B. car-sickness 晕车；C. car-trouble 汽车故障；D. car-crash车祸；汽车碰撞。分析句子，从句前提到乘客喜欢坐汽车前部是为了看清楚。同时因为发生“晕车”可能性较小。故选B项。
10. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你看完了著名科学家写的那篇长文了吗？——不，我的耐心已经用光了。太长了，我看到一半就停了下来了。A. determination决心；B. devotion奉献；C. patience耐心；D. strength力量。结合后文It’s too long and I only stopped halfway.可知文章太长，用光了耐心（patience）。故选C。
11. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能和我分享一下你的快乐秘诀吗？——拥有积极的人生观。A. record记录；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. range范围；D. receipt收据。根据空后for happiness可知，此处指“快乐秘诀”。故选B。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人在车祸中丧生或者受伤，这让人如释重负，感到宽慰。A. sense感觉；B. resource资源；C. effect影响，效果；D. root根。根据句意可知，此处用sense“感觉”符合语境，a great sense of relief“一种如释重负的感觉”，故选A项。
13. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个富人经常给当地的穷人免费提供食物和钱，所以他们非常感谢他的慷慨。A. adventure冒险；B. generosity慷慨，大方；C. passion激情，热情D. personally亲自地，当面。根据The rich man often provides the local poor people with free food and money可知此处表示感谢富人的慷慨行为。故选B项。
14. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来，这树立了他作为美国伟大作家之一的声誉。A. trust信任；B. contact联系；C. reputation声誉；D. theory理论。根据句意，尤其是greatest writers可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境，故选C项。
15. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他去执行秘密任务时，他给了他一个新名字来隐藏他的身份。A. emotion情感；B. talent才能；C. identity身份；D. devotion奉献。结合上文He gave him a new name to hide his可知给新名字是为了隐藏身份的。故选C。
（4）
1. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些国家正在增加使用天然气和其他形式的能源。A. source（信息）来源；B. energy能源；C. power力量，权力；D. material材料。根据句意和句中“natural gas”可知，天然气是一种“能源”，因此句中指的是其他形式的“能源”，energy意为“能源”，名词词性，符合句意。故选B项。
2. A
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：杰夫得到被选为学生会主席的消息时是什么反应 A. reaction反应；B. impression印象；C. permission许可；D. conclusion结论。固定短语：react to“作出反应”，此处Jeff’s 是名词所有格，修饰名词。故选A。
3. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们对克隆的态度因国而异。A. attitude态度；B. advantage优势；C. pride骄傲；D. part部分。根据空后 “to cloning”可知，空处需用名词attitude，attitude to…对……态度，固定搭配。故选A。
4. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的七年中，她对学生的热情和承诺使学校在许多领域处于领先地位。A. judgement判断；B. commitment献身，承诺；C. competition比赛；D. evolution进化。根据下文“to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas.”可知，此处表示对学生的承诺，固定搭配：commitment to“恪守承诺”。故选B。
5. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是一种颇受欢迎的辣椒酱，它以相对低廉的价格提供高质量的产品，从而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation声誉，名誉；B. campaign活动；C. appetite胃口；D. occupation职业。根据“by providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.”可知，通过相对低廉的价格提供高质量的产品，建立了声誉。故选A。
6. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行的目的是让孩子们亲身体验乡村生活。A. taste体验；B. reach到达；C. touch接触；D. load负荷。根据“the countryside first-hand.”可知，让孩子亲身体验乡村生活。故选A。
7. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——我觉得我不能接受她的话。——但是她的评论是客观公平的。A. content内容；B. comment评论；C. contact联系；D. concern关心。由“I don’t feel I can accept her words.”可知，此句中想表达她的评论是公平的。故选B项。
8. D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：环保人士表示，野山羊出现在广阔的草原上，是环境改善的良好迹象。A.accommodation住处，膳宿；B.absence缺席；C.attendance出席；D.appearance出现。根据“a good indication of the better environment”可知，此处是指野山羊出现在广阔的草原上。故选D。
9. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁，所以每个人都被平等对待。A.distinction区别，差别；B.comparison比照，对比；C.assumption假定，设想；D.division分配。由语意可知，每个人都被平等对待，说明新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁。故选A项。
10. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你确定我的薪水时，会把我以前的工作经验考虑进去吗？——当然。对于高级职位我们总是这样做的。A. mind思维；B. thought想法；C. reference参考；D. account描述，账户。根据句意及常识可知，此处是固定短语take…into account“将……考虑在内”，意为“将我以前的工作经验考虑在内”。故选D。
11. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本好词典应该定期添加新内容，这是大家一致同意的。A. gap缺口；裂缝；间隔期；B. intervals（时间上的）间隔；C. length长度；D. distance距离。结合语境可知，“new contents”应是指随着时代发展而出现的“新词”，随时会出现，因此应及时定期更新词典内容。“at intervals”，固定短语，意为“每隔一段时间”，符合语境搭配。故选B项。
12. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去，从英国到印度的航程需要6个多月，因为有时会遇到风暴和巨浪。A.travel泛指旅行各地，表示旅行的路途远，时间长；B.journey陆地上的远程旅行；C.voyage航海，航行；D.trip来往有定的短距离旅行。根据“as there were storms and huge waves at times”可知，此处是指在海上航行。故选C。
13. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：海洋和世界其他地方一样，受到化石燃料燃烧和二氧化碳等温室气体释放的影响。A. supply供应；B. assistance帮助；C. quantity数量；D. release释放。根据后文“of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide”指温室气体释放，应用release。故选D。
14. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我听说在那个国家，当一个孩子满15岁时，举行一个盛大的聚会庆祝是一种常见的做法。A. practice惯例；B. method方法；C. evidence证据；D. effects影响。根据句意可知，此处表明当一个孩子满15岁时，举行一个盛大的聚会庆祝是一种常见做法，common practice意为“惯例”，符合句意。故选A项。
15. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说，当你感到孤独时，只要你愿意，狗就会一直陪伴着你。A. companion同伴；B. colleague同事；C. company陪伴；D. relation联系，关联。根据空后“when you are feeling lonely”可知，此处指“狗会陪伴你”，keep pany意为“陪伴某人”。故选C。
（5）
1. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B. applicants申请人，求职者；C. operators操作员；D. boarders寄宿者。根据上文“Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees”可知此处指求职者应征，应用applicants。故选B。
2. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情；C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根据“told me that she got annoyed”可知，此处是指脸上的表情。故选B。
3. D
【详解】考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造；C.competition竞争；D.combination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的“of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours”可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。故选D。
4. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A. bargain减价品，便宜货；B. contest比赛，竞赛；C. debate辩论，讨论；D. campaign(有计划的)活动，运动。根据主语为“Our class(我们班)”以及后文“whether to reduce the amount of homework or not(是否要减少作业量)”可知，此处应是一场班级内部的辩论。故选C项。
5. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你感觉好些了吗，露西？——是的。医生给我的药让我的头疼缓解了。A. safety安全；B. shelter庇护所；C. relief缓解；D. defense保护。问句询问是否好些了，根据答句中的“Yes”和“my headache”可知，这里是说头疼缓解了。故选C。
6. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension紧张；B. regulation规则；C. process过程；D. affection喜欢。根据下文“which might bring an end to conflicts between countries”可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。故选A。
7. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直，专业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知，Smith博士专业能力强。故选C项。
8. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption消耗；B. collection收藏品；C. commitment承诺；D. distribution分配。根据上文“To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel”可知，指科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施，来对抗全球变暖，应用consumption。故选A。
9. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，这个在打羽毛球方面大有可为的男孩因其天赋被体育大学录取。A. requirement要求；B. respect尊重；C. addition增加；D. promise希望，可能性。根据句意，此处表达“那个男孩在羽毛球方面展现了极大的成功的可能性”。故选D项。
10. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。A.chievement 成就；B.appreciation 感激；C.attention 注意； D.agreement 同意。根据句意，他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示感谢。故选B。
11. A
【详解】考查名词。句意：保护自己不被盗用身份就是把你所有的个人和财务文件当作绝密信息来对待。A. identity n. 身份；B. database n. 数据库，资料库；C. conference n. 专题讨论会；D. resident n. 居民。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词做定语，表示“身份”的意思，修饰后面的名词theft。故选A。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和其他孩子在海滩上玩耍的场景，我感到很高兴。A. scene场景，场面；B. scenery（自然）风景；C. view 视野，（从高处看到的）景色；D. sight景象，景点。根据“playing with other kids on the beach”可知，这里描绘的是一个孩子们玩耍的场面，应用scene。故选A。
13. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过老战士们对长征的生动讲述，学生们更加深刻地体会到红军无与伦比的忠诚和坚定的信念。A. issue问题；B. account讲述，描述；C. opinion观点；D. practice实践。根据后文“of the Long March”指对长征的生动讲述。故选B。
14. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友；B. interns实习生；C. colleagues同事；D. seniors长辈。根据后面peers（同龄人）and subordinates（下属），可知此处应该是“长辈”。故选D项。
15. A
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A.comment评论；B.decision决定；C.impression印象；D.effect影响。根据后句“on how different the two boys are（这两个男孩有多么不同）”可知为评论的具体内容，固定短语make a comment on对……做出评论。故选A。
（6）
1. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵制这个身份。A. concept观念；B. assessment评估，评价；C. identity身份；D. personality个性，品格。根据空前“Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后“out of the long-existing discrimination”可知，很多男性抵制男护士这个身份。故选C项。
2. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当今，旅行的优先考虑的事情从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先；最重要的事情；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. preference偏爱；D. prejudice偏见。结合句意可知表示“优先考虑的事情”。故选A项。
3. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该俱乐部目前正计划进行几次扩建，以满足在安静的地方寻求娱乐和休闲的高尔夫球手。A. dimensions维度；B. inspirations启发；C. competitions竞赛；D. expansions扩建。根据“to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.”可知，为了让高尔夫球手可以在安静地方寻求娱乐，俱乐部需要进行扩建。故选D。
4. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生必须不断更新他们的知识，以保持他们的专业能力 。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“update their knowledge”可知，医生不断更新知识是为了保持他们的专业能力，故选C项。
5. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，许多厨师从旧食谱中汲取灵感，重新制作菜肴，以满足年轻人的胃口。A. purpose目的；B. potential潜能；C. virtue美德；D. inspiration灵感。根据“and recreate dishes to suit young appetite.”可知，许多厨师从旧食谱中汲取灵感来制作菜肴。故选D。
6. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向父母明确表示，他进城的目的是去图书馆借书。A. service服务；B. intention目的；C. doubt怀疑；D. brief指示，摘要。根据“visiting the library and borrowing some books”可知，此处是指进城的目的，intention符合题意，with the intension of“抱有……的目的”。故选B。
7. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名男子负责许多研究和发现工作，这些工作导致了对DNA结构的理解。A. discovery发现；B. production生产；C. creation创造；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“research”可知，此处是指研究和发现工作，名词作定语。故选A。
8. D
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：人们很难接受他们的照片被网络直播给数百万观众，更不用说它们中的一些并不那么优雅。A. no doubt毫无疑问；B. no denying不可否认；C. nothing like不像；D. not to mention更不用说。结合句意可知，此处指“人们很难接受照片被直播给别人看，就更不用说其中一些照片并不那么优雅”，not to mention符合语境。故选D。
9. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于长期与其他大陆分离，澳大利亚拥有自己的特殊动物。A. separation分离；B. division分开；C. movement运动；D. connection关系。根据“Australia owns its special animals”可知，此处是指澳大利亚与其他大陆分离（才会产生自己的特殊动物），用separation与介词from搭配符合题意。故选A。
10. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为他是个正直的人，因为他从不占别人的便宜。A. loyalty忠诚；B. generosity慷慨；C. wisdom智慧；D. integrity正直。根据句意可知，他从不占别人的便宜，由此可知，他是一个正直的人，“integrity”意为“正直”，符合语境。故选D项。
11. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个国家的环境不仅会受到旅游业突然增长的影响，而且人们也会迅速感受到它的影响。A. benefits利益；B. contribution贡献；C. demand需求；D. effects影响。根据上文“Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism”可知，此处指人们也会感受到这种影响，故选D项。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电视剧《向风而行》获得了很多观众的好评。A. reviews评论；B. previews预演；C. revisions修订；D. proposals提议。结合下文“from the audience”可知，此次是指得到了观众的好评。故选A。
13. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们从书店大量订购这本英汉词典，他们会考虑给我们至少10%的折扣。A. discount折扣；B. bargain讨价还价；C. budget预算；D. reward奖励。根据in large quantities及常识可知，如果大量订购，一般会有优惠，此处指英汉词典会有10%的折扣。故选A。
14. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到不认识的单词时，你可以试着根据上下文猜单词的意思。A. context上下文；B. access通道，机会；C. creativity创造力；D. approach方式，方法。根据前文“guess the meaning of the word”可知，此处指“根据上下文猜单词意思”。故选A项。
15. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子是巴黎时装秀上的便宜版。A. vision愿景，幻想；B. version版本，型号；C. variety种类；D. vehicle交通工具。结合句意，此处是指这条裙子是时装秀上看到的那条裙子的便宜版本。故选B。
（7）
1. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们必须假设这种疾病正在传播，并采取行动阻止它。A. arrangement安排；B. appointment约会；C. assumption假设；D. assistance帮助。结合句意，that引导的同位从句是抽象名词assumption的具体内容。故选C项。
2. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. course路线；B. road道路；C. flight飞行；D. direction方向。句意：——飞机在哪？我看不到它。——为了躲避突如其来的暴风雨它偏离了航线。根据句意可知此处表示“路线、航线”，故A项正确。
3. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据报道在中东爆发了很多的战争。你对那里的形势有什么评价？A. assessment评估，评价；B. adjustment调整；C. appointment 约会，约定；D. assistance援助；帮助。根据“It’s reported that many wars broke out in the Middle East.”可知，这里是问对方对中东形势的评估。故选A。
4. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于医护人员与病人接触，他们有感染传染病的危险。A. guidance引导；B. assignment任务；C. exposure暴露，接触；D. response回复。根据“Healthcare workers ”和“patients”可知，此处表示医护人员和病人接触。故选C。
5. B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：每次你进入地铁站，你包里的东西必须被检查，以确保你没有携带任何非法的东西。A. spots地点；B. content东西；C. qualities品质；D. entrances入口，根据题意，故选B。
6. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。reference“谈到，提及；参考，查阅”，a passing reference表示浮光掠影地提及。difference“区别，差别”；opposition“反对”；adaptation“适应；调整”。
7. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该决议对于我国在最复杂的外部环境下抓住战略机遇期具有重要意义。A. organization组织；B. opposition反对；C. opportunity机会；D. occupation职业。根据句意可知，这里表示“抓住战略机遇期”，故选C。
8. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，产能过剩给运营利润率带来了压力，影响了那些缺乏规模或管理经验以降低成本的企业。A. stability稳定性；B. fluency流畅性；C. persistence坚持，持久性；D. expertise专长，专门知识。management expertise为固定短语，意为“管理才干”，符合句意。故选D。
9. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协同工作的。A. stability坚定；B. grasp掌握、领会；C. acknowledgement承认；D. manner举止。根据空后的“of the fundamentals of playing their instruments”可知此处用a grasp of表示“掌握”，故选B。
10. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们高兴的是，那个在踢足球方面大有前途的男孩因他的天赋被大学录取了。A. choice 选择；B. respect 尊重、尊敬；C. addition 增加；B. promise 前途、获得成功的迹象、承诺。根据句意，这个男孩被大学录取是因为他在足球方面的天赋，说明他在踢足球方面是大有前途的。故选D。
11. C
【详解】试题分析：考查名词辨析。A等待；B.时间；C. 耐心；D.休息；句意：我会尽快调查这件事，只需要耐心一点。故选C。
考点：考名词辨析
12. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本应该是平装本的终结和数字媒体的黎明，但是一些书店在互联网时代却以惊人的成功幸存了下来。A. deadline最后期限；B. dawn黎明；C. dusk黄昏；D. departure离开。the end与dawn相对。故B选项正确。
13. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周七天的时间。据说在一些国家，周六是最受欢迎的婚礼选择的日子。A. way方法，手段；B. situation形势，局面，情况，关系；C. event事件；事情；事变；大事；D. choice选择。根据所提供的情景Of the seven days in the a week可判断出在这七天里星期六是大家普遍选择为结婚的日子。故选D。
14. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在努力改掉起床晚的习惯。由关键词getting up too late“起的晚”和“习惯”搭配合适，意思是“晚起的习惯”；A. tradition传统；B. convenience方便，便利；C. habit习惯；D. leisure休闲，空闲。故选C。
15. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：--你能告诉我们快乐和长寿的秘诀吗？--充实每一天。 A. recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；B. effort努力；C. content内容，目录；D. demand要求。根据句意可知A项＂秘诀＂符合题意，故选A。
（8）
1. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书简要介绍了城堡的历史和大厅里艺术收藏的细节。A. outline概述，纲要；B. reference参考；C. article文章；D. outlook前景，观点。根据“the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall”可知，此处指的是书的概要。故选A。
2. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：--我正在考虑圣诞以后出去大约一周，你知道，一些暖和的地方。--你考虑什么样的价格范围？我可以帮你找到确切的信息。A.variety种类；B.range范围；C.list列表；D.level水平。根据“I can find the exact information for you.”可知，你考虑什么样的价格范围。故B正确。
3. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察根据典型的面部特征——额头上的一道疤——认出了罪犯。A. expression表情；B. feature特色，特征；C. outline轮廓；D. gesture姿态。结合语意，额头上的一道疤属于面部特征。故选B项。
4. A
【详解】考查短语：have access to有使用什么样的方法，途径，权利等，句意：许多人在海地死于地震，因为他们不能得到立刻的援救。Admission允许，approach方法，attention注意，故选A。
5. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在我们的星球上依然存在着战争，但是我相信不同种族的人是可以和谐的生活在一起的。A.agreement同意；B.harmony和谐；C.connection连接； D.comparison比较。根据“I do believe it’s possible for different ethnic groups to live together”可知这里意思是但是我相信不同种族的人是可以和谐的生活在一起的。故选B。
6. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在会上他们讨论了数学学习的三种方法。A. methods方法（常与of搭配）；B. approaches方法、途径（常与to搭配）；C. ways方式、方法（常与of搭配）；D. means手段（常与by 搭配）。approach常与to搭配，表示“……的方法”，故选B。
考点：考查名词
7. B
【详解】B 考查名词辨析。Addiction上瘾；devotion奉献，热爱；allowance津贴；application应用，申请；句义：这个女演员因为她对慈善工作的奉献而受到表扬。故B正确。
8. B
【详解】试题分析：考查名词辨析。句意：你最好把这个餐厅的电话号码记下来以备以后参考。A. purpose目的；B. reference参考；C. progress进步；D. memory记忆。for reference表示“以供参考”，故B正确。
考点：考查名词辨析
点评：
9. C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在操场上发现的钱包符合玛丽的描述，所以肯定是她的。A. direction方向；B. expression表达；C. description描述；D. instruction指导；说明。根据题意可知，此处表示符合玛丽的描述。故选C。
10. B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt尝试；B. request请求；C.doubts怀疑；D.promises承诺。根据句意故选B。
。
11. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让我们更强大。A. Attempts尝试；B. Barriers障碍；C. Contributions贡献；D. Access进入。根据“can’t defeat us”可知，此处表示“障碍”，故B项正确。
12. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我的思绪完全是空白; 我一个答案都想不出来。A. blank空白；B. bonus 红利；C. blow 殴打，击打； D. bottom 底部。一个答案都想不出来，说明我的脑子是一片空白(blank)，B,C,D项放进句子都不和逻辑，故选A项。
13. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥运会被称为友好的比赛，因为他们注重友好和相互尊重。A. lacks缺乏；B. focuses注重；C. challenges挑战；D. researches研究。根据句意可知，故选B。
14. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去几年里，我们已经见证了中国科幻作家的作品已经赢得了国际认可。A. conclusion结论；B. standard标准；C. potential潜力，潜能；D. recognition认可，承认。根据语境，故D项正确。
15. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的儿子终于回来了，这对父母来说是一种巨大的宽慰。A. relief宽慰，缓解，减轻；B. sense感觉；C. relaxion放松；D. favor恩惠。在该句中，it是形式主语，代指“that their son finally came back safe and sound”，孩子安全回来可以缓解父母之前的担心焦虑。故A选项正确。
（9）
1. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：野天鹅在该地区的出现是环境改善的一个很好的标志。A. exhibition展览；B. escape逃跑；C. absence缺席；D. appearance出现。根据句意和四个选项可知，此处用“出现”最合语义，故选D。
2. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. error错误；B. failure失败；C. mistake错误；D. fault缺点。句意：我和彼得的关系破裂了，因为他总是找我的茬。error 强调违反某一标准做的错事；mistake 强调日常生活中判断和看法的错误，可指各种错误；fault强调责任或性格上的弱点，通常指人的“过失，过错”。find fault找茬，挑剔。故选D。
3. C
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：——他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他提供的免费的食宿 ——他给他们的儿子辅导功课。A. conservation保存；B. admission 承认；C. accommodation住处；D. immigration移居，故选C。
4. B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让课外教育走上正轨，中国正在加强对课外培训机构的管理。A. application申请；B. regulation管理；C. adaptation适应；D. cooperation合作。根据“To make extra-class education run on the right track”可知，此处表示的是“加强对课外培训机构的管理”。故选B。
5. C
【详解】考查名词辨析。A. production产品；B. offer提议，出价； C. range范围；D. division部门，分配。句意：这家餐馆因其各式各样的食物而受欢迎，这些食物适合所有人的口味和口袋。表示“大范围的，各种各样的”，故选C。
6. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们设计这个系统是为了让学生快捷地使用图书馆的数字资源。 A. access入口；B。 passage文章；走廊；C. way 方法、方式； D. approach 方式；接近；access 指"入口、通路"，常和介词to 连用，且根据句意。故选A项。
7. D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。——你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的窍门吗 ——好吧，我只是按照食谱上的指示做。A. feature特征；B. plan计划；C. cost花费；D. trick诀窍。这里指“做这么好吃蛋糕的诀窍”。所以选D。
8. A
【详解】考查名词。A. accuracy精确度； B. category种类，分类； C. function功能； D. reference参考。句意：到2020年，中国北斗导航卫星系统的定位精度将达到2.5米，不久将向更多国家提供服务。结合句意可知答案为A。
9. D
【详解】考查名词。句意：她一次又一次地被警告她的行为所带来的后果。effect影响；result结果；importance重要性；consequence后果，往往指不良后果。题干中的warn(警告)说明此处是“不良后果”，故选D。
10. A
【详解】考查名词。句意为：医护人员因接触病人而有被感染疾病的风险。exposure暴露，接触；discrimination歧视；guidance指导，引导；response反应，回答，答复。结合句意可知答案为A。
11. A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我听说在那个国家，孩子满15岁时举行大型聚会庆祝是一种惯例。A. practice做法；B. method方法；C. evidence证据；D. effect影响。由语意可知，孩子满15岁就要举行庆祝会，这是那个国家的一种做法，此处考查固定句型it is a common practice to do sth.，意为“做某事是一种惯例”。故选A项。
12. D
【详解】考查名词辨析。A. achievement成就；B. commitment承诺；C. competition竞争；D. ambition野心，雄心。这里是指实现愿望，用ambition。句意：Jane实现了成为第一个30分钟内跑完一万米的女性的抱负。故选D。
13. C
【详解】考查名词辨析。A. reputation名声；B. enjoyment享受，乐趣；C. appreciation欣赏；D. entertainment娱乐。句意：近年来，中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的欣赏。表示欣赏，故选C。
14. C
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想看医生，你要提前与他