庆阳二中2023-2024学年度第一学期高三英语第二次月考卷
120分钟 满分150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力技能（共两节，满分30分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
l. Where does the conversation take place
A.At home. B.In a hospital. C.In an ambulance.
2.What does the woman want to do
A. Care for the kids. B.Stay at home C.Go to the cinema.
3. How did the man like his last year's trip
A. Better than expected. B.Interesting. C.Terrible.
4.When did the man begin waiting for Brown
A. At 4:00 pm. B.At 4:30 pm. C.At 5:00 pm.
5.Where does the man live now
A. In an American family. B.In a British family. C. In the dorm.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What day is it today
A. September 9th. B. September 12th. C.September 13th.
7. Why is the woman charged an extra 20 dollars
A. The price has gone up.
B.The man made a mistake.
C.She has to pay for room service
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman going to do
A. Play football. B.Watch a match. C. Buy tickets.
9. Who spared a ticket
A.The woman's brother B. The woman's friend. C.The woman.
听第8段材料回答第10至12题
10.What is the woman probably
A. An airport staff. B. A passenger. C.A journalist.
1l.How much money was in the envelope
A.$700. B.$7,000. C.$70,000
12. What did the woman do after discovering the money
A. She gave it to the airport police.
B.She looked around for the owner.
C.She waited there for the owner
听第9段材料回答第13 至16题。
13.What was the woman doing
A. Reading newspapers B.Watching a documentary. C. Reading news on the Internet.
14.What do we know about the 79-year-old man
A. He works at a zoo filled with wolves.
B.He lives with twenty-seven wolves.
C. He rescues wolves from the wild.
15.What's the second story about
A.A man treating lions like cats. B.A man living with lions. C.A man attacking lions.
16. What does the woman think of Andre Hart-man's story
A.Disappointing. B.Amazing C.Frightening.
听第10段材料回答第17至20题
17.What did Wallis win recently
A.A nomination for an Oscar Award
B.An Oscar Award for Best Actress.
C.An Oscar Award for Best Director.
18.What did Wallis want to be before starring in the movie
A.An actress. B.A dentist C.A director.
19.How old was Wallis when she started acting
A.Five. B.Six. C.Nine
20.What do we know about the movie
A. It attracted no attention. B.It won many awards in 2013 C. It cost little money.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.
Running
“Running is one of the best caloric burners out there,” qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says. An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running. “Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.”
Swimming
“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes,” Saltos says. Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water.
Boxing
Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core. “Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session,” Saltos says.
Rowing
The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories. “An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average,” Saltos says.
1. Which sport can burn the most calories per hour
A. Boxing. B. Running.
C. Swimming. D. Rowing.
2. What is the advantage of swimming according to the text
A. It enhances balance. B. It improves tolerance.
C. It produces low impact. D. It builds muscle groups.
3. Who is the text intended for
A Great athletes. B. Fitness experts.
C. Sports reporters. D. Overweight persons.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍一些可以帮助燃烧最多卡路里的运动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Running中“An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running.(一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1000卡路里的热量。)”，Swimming中“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes(游泳是一种对身体影响最小的运动，但在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧500到600卡路里)”，Boxing中“Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session (拳击也能帮助你更好地燃烧卡路里，一般人一小时能燃烧400到800卡路里。)” Rowing中“An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average (一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里。)”由此可知，游泳每小时燃烧的卡路里最多，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Swimming中“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body(游泳是一种对身体影响最小的锻炼方式)”可知游泳产生的影响很小。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.(如果你总是在室内坐太久，体重增加可能会成为一个麻烦。厌倦了所有的脂肪 如果是这样的话，这些运动可以帮助你燃烧最多的卡路里。)”可知这篇文章是写给肥胖者的，故选D。
B
Someday, you may no longer need to brush your teeth by hand. Instead, a group of billions of nanoparticles (纳米粒子) could automatically do it for you. It would be especially life-changing for those who find it difficult or impossible to hold and move a toothbrush.
Steager, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and Hyun Koo, an inventor and dental researcher there, found a way to form the nanoparticles into long, skinny bristles (刷毛), a lot like the ones on a toothbrush. But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter.
The tooth-cleaning robot works due to two magnets (磁铁). One goes each side of the teeth. The nanoparticles sit in a liquid between the magnets. When the magnets are turned off, the nanoparticles move randomly in the liquid. As soon as one magnet gets turned on, the nanoparticles gather together near its center. When the researchers turn on the other magnet and turn off the first one, the nanoparticles extend outward in long, skinny bristles. When there’s a tooth in the way, these bristles can’t stretch out as far as they want. So they push against the tooth’s surface. If there’s a gap between teeth, they push into the gap. Moving the magnets makes the bristles move against and between teeth. All that motion cleans the teeth. As a bonus, the nanoparticles also have strong power to kill viruses.
The new device is just a proof of concept. The researchers still need to turn it into a product that people will want to use. “There’s a lot of engineering to get from here to there, but every good idea needs to have a start.” says Steager.
4. What is special about the tooth cleaner
A. It’s transformable. B. It’s water-proof.
C. It contains skinny bristles. D. It looks like a toothbrush.
5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The working principle. B. The magnets’ motion.
C. The virus-killing process. D. The bristles’ formation.
6. How does Steager feel about the future of the device
A. Uncertain.
B. Concerned.
C. Confident.
D. Shocked.
7. Which of the following would be the best title
A. A Tooth-Cleaner Fighting Bacteria B. A New Concept for a New Start
C. A Breakthrough in Medicine D. A Shape-Shifting Robotic Tooth-Gleaner
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍费城宾夕法尼亚大学的工程师Steager和那里的发明家兼牙科研究员Hyun Koo发现了一种将纳米颗粒形成细长刷毛的方法，很像牙刷上的刷毛。但这些刷毛的形状会发生变化，以适应它们遇到的任何表面。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter. (但这些刷毛的形状会发生变化，以适应它们遇到的任何表面。)”可知，牙刷刷毛的形状会发生变化。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The tooth-cleaning robot works due to two magnets (磁铁). One goes each side of the teeth. The nanoparticles sit in a liquid between the magnets. When the magnets are turned off, the nanoparticles move randomly in the liquid. As soon as one magnet gets turned on, the nanoparticles gather together near its center. When the researchers turn on the other magnet and turn off the first one, the nanoparticles extend outward in long, skinny bristles. When there’s a tooth in the way, these bristles can’t stretch out as far as they want. So they push against the tooth’s surface. If there’s a gap between teeth, they push into the gap. Moving the magnets makes the bristles move against and between teeth. All that motion cleans the teeth. As a bonus, the nanoparticles also have strong power to kill viruses. (牙齿清洁机器人由于有两个磁铁而工作。牙齿两侧各有一个。纳米颗粒位于磁铁之间的液体中。当磁铁关闭时，纳米颗粒在液体中随机移动。一旦一个磁铁被打开，纳米颗粒就会聚集在其中心附近。当研究人员打开另一块磁铁并关闭第一块磁铁时，纳米颗粒会以细长的刷毛向外延伸。当有牙齿挡住去路时，这些刷毛就无法伸展到它们想要的程度。所以它们推到牙齿表面。如果牙齿之间有缝隙，它们就会挤进去。移动磁铁会使刷毛在牙齿上和牙齿之间移动。所有这些动作都能清洁牙齿。此外，纳米颗粒还具有强大的杀灭病毒的能力。)”可知，这一段主要讲述牙刷的工作原理。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There’s a lot of engineering to get from here to there, but every good idea needs to have a start.” says Steager.(Steager说：“从这里到那里有很多工程要做，但每个好的想法都需要有一个开始。”)”可知，Steager对这款牙刷未来的发展很有信心。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Steager, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and Hyun Koo, an inventor and dental researcher there, found a way to form the nanoparticles into long, skinny bristles (刷毛), a lot like the ones on a toothbrush. But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter. (费城宾夕法尼亚大学的工程师Steager和那里的发明家兼牙科研究员Hyun Koo发现了一种将纳米颗粒形成细长刷毛的方法，很像牙刷上的刷毛。但这些刷毛的形状会发生变化，以适应它们遇到的任何表面。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍一款可变形的机器人牙齿清洁器。故选D。
C
Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.
In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new a made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.
How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer”, says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.
Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work,” he says. “Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work.”
8. What does Ellen Langer’s study show
A. It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist B. Translation makes people knowledgeable.
C. Simpler jobs require greater caution. D. Moderate effort produces the best result.
9. The underlined word “go-getter” in paragraph 3 refers to someone Who_______.
A. is good at handling pressure B. works hard to become successful
C. a has a natural talent for his job. D. gets on well with his co-workers
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. A good thinker is able to inspire other people.
B. Experience unrelated to your job is useless.
C A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind.
D. Focusing on what you do raises productivity.
11. What does the text seem to advocate
A. Middle-of-the-road work habits. B. Balance between work and family.
C. Long-standing cultural traditions. D. Harmony in the work environment.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人认为工作到最大限度是成功的秘诀，但研究发现，适度的工作也会带来成果。所以要适度工作，工作时要有积极的情绪，这会让自己在工作中更有效率。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.(许多人认为工作到最大限度是成功的秘诀，但研究发现，适度的工作也会带来成果。)”和第二段中“In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new a made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all.(在哈佛大学Ellen Langer领导的一项研究中，研究人员要求人们将句子翻译成一种新的虚构的语言。那些事先适度练习这门语言的受试者比那些全力练习或根本不练习的受试者犯的错误要少。)”可知，第一段提出主题，即适度的工作也会带来成果，接着第二段作者用Ellen Langer的研究来证明这一点，由此可推知，Ellen Langer的研究表明适度的努力会产生最好的结果。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office.(而他那些在会议室吃饭时闲聊的同事们则在角落办公室里得到不屑的目光。)”可知，while前后是对比关系，那些在会议室吃饭时闲聊的同事会得到别人不屑的目光，即被认为不努力工作，相反，那些在办公桌前吃午饭的年轻银行家可能被视为是一个努力工作以求成功的人，由此可知，划线单词go-getter，指的是那些努力工作以求成功的人，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity.(此外，许多研究表明，积极的情绪能够提高生产力和创造力。 )”可知，积极的情绪能够提高生产力和创造力，由此可推知，愉快的心情有助于创造性思维。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.(但研究发现，适度的工作也会带来成果)”和第二段中“High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.(高尽责性与低工作表现有关，尤其是在简单的工作中，追求完美并不值得。)”可知，文章主要介绍研究表明适度的工作也会带来成果，所以文章提倡适度工作，即中庸的工作习惯。故选A。
D
With so much emphasis behind sharing personal information online for the sake of presenting our best digital selves, we seldom consider the various cyber threats that exist.
At the forefront of cyber attacks, which include everything from e-mail frauds (欺骗) to web and password attacks, it’s important to consider if investing in cyber insurance is appropriate for you.
While it is true that there are a number of online threats that affect everyday users, businesses tend to be the bigger targets. A common cyber attack against them usually comes in the form of ransomware (勒索软件) attacks and makes companies panic as they run the risk of losing their sensitive information while sending e-mails to their clients.
Small businesses are particularly attackable since they often don’t have a budget towards the prevention of cyber security threats, according to DataStream, a company that advises businesses to prevent attacks before they can occur.
“Threat actors often look for the low hanging fruit,” DataStream warns. “To them, no business is too small. All businesses hold sensitive data from customers and employees, including credit card information, e-mail addresses, and even competitive information or trade secrets.”
David Seidman has spent over 13 years as a cyber security expert. He has advised companies like Google and Microsoft in assessing and preventing cyber attacks. Seidman recognizes the faults in company-wide security that guards against hackers who often used advanced methods to trick vulnerable businesses.
“It takes a good team to set up the right alarms that catch a real attack but don’t trigger (触发) too often when no attack happens,” Seidman writes. “Catching this level of attacker can be done, but it’s not cheap. Attackers tend to be commercially motivated, looking to steal credit cards, passwords and other profitable data.”
12. Which type of cyber attack usually happens to businesses
A. E-mail scam. B. Web attack. C. Password attack. D. Ransomware attack.
13. What makes small businesses easy targets of cyber attacks
A. Their unawareness of cyber attacks.
B. Their need for new clients and funding.
C. Their lack of budget for cyber prevention.
D. Their possession of much customer information.
14. What is the main purpose of cyber attacks
A. To get money. B. To have fun. C. To destroy businesses. D. To break the law.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Technologies behind cyber attacks B. Faults in companies’ cyber security
C. Effective prevention of cyber attacks D. Businesses in the face of cyber threats
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，在网络攻击的前沿，考虑投资网络保险很重要，DataStream公司建议企业有预防网络安全威胁的预算，有效预防网络攻击。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中“A common cyber attack against them usually comes in the form of ransomware (勒索软件) attacks and makes companies panic as they run the risk of losing their sensitive information while sending e-mails to their clients. (针对企业的常见网络攻击通常以勒索软件攻击的形式出现，并使公司感到恐慌，因为他们在向客户发送电子邮件时冒着丢失敏感信息的风险)”可知，勒索软件攻击通常发生在企业身上。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中“Small businesses are particularly attackable since they often don’t have a budget towards the prevention of cyber security threats, according to DataStream (DataStream表示，小企业尤其容易受到攻击，因为它们通常没有用于预防网络安全威胁的预算)”可知，小企业容易成为网络攻击的目标，是因为它们缺乏网络预防预算。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中“Attackers tend to be commercially motivated, looking to steal credit cards, passwords and other profitable data. (网络攻击者往往出于商业动机，希望窃取信用卡、密码和其他有利可图数据)”可知，出于商业动机，网络攻击者窃取有利可图的数据，说明网络攻击的主要目的是为了赚钱。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“At the forefront of cyber attacks, which include everything from e-mail frauds (欺骗) to web and password attacks, it’s important to consider if investing in cyber insurance is appropriate for you (在网络攻击的前沿，包括从电子邮件欺诈到网络和密码攻击的一切，考虑投资网络保险是否适合你是很重要的)”，第四段“Small businesses are particularly attackable since they often don’t have a budget towards the prevention of cyber security threats, according to DataStream, a company that advises businesses to prevent attacks before they can occur. (DataStream表示，小企业尤其容易受到攻击，因为它们通常没有用于预防网络安全威胁的预算，它是一家建议企业在攻击发生之前预防攻击的公司)”和最后一段中“Catching this level of attacker can be done, but it’s not cheap. (捕捉这种级别的攻击者是可以做到的，但并不便宜)”可知，在网络攻击的前沿，考虑投资网络保险很重要，DataStream公司建议企业有预防网络安全威胁的预算，有效预防网络攻击，C项“有效预防网络攻击”符合文意。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Show emotion
If anyone has ever told you to “open up more” or “show some emotion” you may wonder what they really meant. It’s easy for us to get caught up in our own little worlds and hide what we’re feeling from other people. ___16___. But if you can open up more to others, you’ll see how rewarding it is to connect on a deeper level.
___17___. Relax and think through your feelings as they come to you. Whenever you feel something, take a second to sit with what you’re feeling. Think about how you feel and let the emotion wash over you naturally.
Name your emotions as they come to you. Giving your feeling a name makes it easier to understand. Once you’re comfortable with a feeling. Give the emotion a name. Are you anxious about something If you don’t feel anything particularly moving, are you bored or content This process will make you more self-aware. ___18___ .
Maintain a journal for your feelings. One way to help you to open up emotionally to others is to keep a daily journal. ___19___ . Every day, write down a paragraph or two about your day and how it makes you feel. This will help you track your feeling over time and put you more in tune with yourself.
Engage in fun activities to share experiences with others. Do things you enjoy with people you love to share positive emotions. Dedicate one night a week to go out and grab dinner with your family. ___20___, or go on a 20-minute walk every day. Being emotionally available and sharing how you feel is a lot easier when you have fun with the people you care about.
A. Push yourself to share every day
B. Take a minute to process emotions
C. Take a cooking class with your partner
D. Open up and get used to sharing how you feel
E. It will also help you express what you’re feeling
F. Treat it as a special space for you to open up and be honest
G. Sometimes, we don’t even realize we’re being guarded or hiding our feelings
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些表达自己情绪的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“It’s easy for us to get caught up in our own little worlds and hide what we’re feeling from other people.（我们很容易陷入自己的小世界，对别人隐瞒自己的感受）”可知，有时候我们会在不知不觉中隐瞒自己的感受，使自己处于戒备状态。G项“有时候，我们甚至没有意识到自己在被保护或隐藏自己的感情”符合题意，选项中的“hiding our feelings”呼应上文的“hide what we’re feeling from other people”。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Relax and think through your feelings as they come to you. Whenever you feel something, take a second to sit with what you’re feeling. Think about how you feel and let the emotion wash over you naturally.（放松，当你的感觉来到你身边时，仔细想想。无论何时你感觉到了什么，花点时间坐下来感受一下你的感觉。想想你的感受，让这种情绪自然地笼罩着你）”可知，本段建议我们用一点时间整理自己的情绪。B项“花一分钟来处理情绪”可以作为主旨句，概括本段主要内容。故选B。
【18题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“This process will make you more self-aware.（这个过程会让你更加有自我意识）”可知，下文应继续陈述给自己的情绪命名的好处。E项“它还将帮助你表达你的感受”符合题意，also表明上下文为顺承关系，“help”呼应上文的“make you more self-aware”。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“One way to help you to open up emotionally to others is to keep a daily journal. （帮助你在情感上向他人敞开心扉的一种方法是每天记日记）”和下文“Every day, write down a paragraph or two about your day and how it makes you feel. （每天，写下一两段关于你的一天以及它带给你的感觉）”可知，上文提出可以通过写日记来帮助自己在情感上向他人敞开心扉，下文提到了怎么做。由此推知，空处应陈述这样做的目的。F项“把它当作一个让你敞开心扉，坦诚相待的特殊空间”承接自然，选项中的“it”指代上文的“keep a daily journal”。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Dedicate one night a week to go out and grab dinner with your family.（每周抽出一个晚上和家人一起出去吃饭）”以及下文“or go on a 20-minute walk every day.（或者每天步行20分钟）”可知，上下文都在列举一些和他人一起进行的活动。由此推知，空处也应列举某种活动。C项“和你的搭档一起上烹饪课”符合题意，故选C。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school, I have always ___21___subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___22___, seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___23___thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___24___I thought, why bother But recently I had an ___25___that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was ___26___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___27___intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___28___.
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones — “but you can call me Rob” — was far from the white- haired, buttoned-up old man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob ___30___us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own obstacles. To talk morals, we looked at ___31___we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___32___ones.
It ___33___me that if I let go of my ___34___, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of. The class taught me — in more ways than one — to look at things with a(n) ___35___mind.
21. A. chosen B. evaluated C. favored D. avoided
22. A. formulas B. puzzles C. challenges D. innovations
23. A. automatically B. consciously C. accurately D. impatiently
24. A. reason B. answer C. method D. direction
25. A. surprise B. experience C. incident D. adventure
26. A. hopeful B. confident C. doubtful D. nervous
27. A. jokingly B. mistakenly C. previously D. naturally
28. A. unique B. common C. different D. strange
29. A. mentioned B. expected C. encountered D. missed
30. A. engaged B. tested C. persuaded D. invited
31 A. choices B. abilities C. dilemmas D. doubts
32. A. objective B. effective C. encouraging D. appealing
33. A. confused B. struck C. warned D. convinced
34. A. pride B. concern C. assessment D. prejudice
35. A. open B. strong C. sharp D. ready
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，像英语和哲学这样的人文科学比科学和数学这样的学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学起，我就一直偏爱学习科学和数学等科目。A. chosen选择；B. evaluated评价；C. favored偏爱；D. avoided避免。根据下文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___2___, seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”可知，作者从小学开始一直就偏爱学习科学和数学等科目，因为作者觉得这些学科更有意义。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满发现和创新的学科在人类进步中的作用似乎比人文学科更重要。A. formulas公式；B. puzzles谜题；C. challenges挑战；D. innovations创新。根据空前的discoveries可知，作者觉得科学和数学等科目充满了发现和创新，在人类进步中的作用更大。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直自然地认为这些科目比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。A. automatically自然地；B. consciously有意识地，自觉地；C. accurately准确地；D. impatiently无耐性地。根据上文“Since elementary school, I have always___1___subjects like science and math.”可知，作者一直认为科学和数学在人类进步中的作用更大，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然地认为这些学科比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有正确的答案，我想，为什么要麻烦去学习呢？A. reason原因；B. answer答案；C. method方法；D. direction方向。根据下文“By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___12___ones.”可知，作者认为人文学科很多都没有正确答案。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近我的一次经历教会了我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更灵活：我上了第一堂哲学课。A. surprise惊喜；B. experience经验；C. incident事件；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Before I entered the classroom, I was___6___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations___7___intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite___8___”可知，接下来讲述的是作者的经历，也就是说作者从这次上哲学课的经历中有了新的感悟。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我很怀疑。A. hopeful有希望的；B. confident自信的；C. doubtful可疑的；D. nervous焦虑的。根据下文“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve”可知，作者第一次上哲学课，对这门学科充满了疑虑，不知道哲学到底涉及到什么问题。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进入一段很长很无聊的对话，自然是为了反思生活的意义。A. jokingly开玩笑地；B. mistakenly错误地；C. previously先前；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“And I always___3___thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.”可知，作者固有的思维就是，人文学科很多都没有正确答案，所以作者认为哲学课的对话会无聊，然后自然的就是反思生活的意义。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我得到的是完全不同的东西。A. unique独特的；B. common普通的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据转折连词but以及下文“By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___12___ones.”可知，作者上完课后感觉哲学课和他想象的不要一样，作者之前认为哲学课很枯燥，但是实际上很有趣。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生--“但是你可以叫我罗伯”这与我所期望的那个满头白发、衣冠楚楚的老人相去甚远。A. mentioned提到；B. expected预期；C. encountered遇到；D. missed错过。根据上文“A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones”可知，作者认为上哲学课的老师是一个白头发，系着纽扣的老人，但实际上是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，所以这和他期待的不一样。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拖入关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在了我们的立场上。A. engaged使参与；B.tested测试；C. persuaded说服；D. invited邀请。根据上文“Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points”可知，老师并没有学生进入到关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是使学生站在他们的水平上。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了谈论道德，我们审视自己所面临的困境。A. choices选择；B. abilities能力；C. dilemmas困境；D. doubts疑虑。根据上文“To talk free will, we looked at our own obstacles.”可知，作者在讨论自由意志时，看到了自己的障碍，同样，在讨论道德时，看到了自己的困境。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下课时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的问题。A. objective客观的；B. effective有效的；C. encouraging令人鼓舞的的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据上文“If there was no right___4___I thought, why bother But recently I had an___5___that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought:I took my first philosophy class.”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案是没有意义的，是枯燥的，而现在却发现没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我放下偏见，我实际上可以从我曾经很少考虑的话题中得到很多。A. confused使困惑；B. struck打击，想起；C. warned警告；D. convinced确信。根据空后“I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of”可知，作者上完哲学课后突然意识到能够从很少考虑的话题中得到很多。It strikes（struck）sb. that...“某人突然想到...”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我放下偏见，我实际上可以从我曾经很少考虑的话题中得到很多。A. pride骄傲；B. concern关注点；C. assessment评估；D. prejudice偏见。根据上文“And I always___3___thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right___4___I thought, why bother ”可知，作者对这些人文学科是有偏见的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这门课教会了我——在很多方面——以开放的心态看待事物。A. open公开的；B. strong强壮的；C. sharp锋利的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“It___13___me that if I let go of my___14___, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a freshman in college, Chelsea Fagan got her first credit card. Without really _____36_____(understand) how the credit system works, she maxed out her credit limit and ____37____(throw) out the card without paying the bill. She ruined her credit.
To prevent credit ruin from happening again, Fagan started a personal blog___38___(track) her budget. The blog has turned into The Financial Diet, ____39____is now a platform about “personal finance and living better” and aims to open the conversation about money, share advice_____40_____educate young adults.
Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with Graphic Designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team ____41____(make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. Anyone who has something to share about anything related_____42_____money can submit a blog post and end up being published. This allows for plenty of opinions, ____43____(experience) and tips. Aside from money, the topics include career tips, college finances, budgeting for your lifestyle and travel and how to manage your money to live your dream life.
____44____ first smart money move you can make is to take advantage of this free and informative resource. Doing so won’t cost you any money but can _____45_____(final)save you some.
【答案】36. understanding
37. threw 38. to track
39. which 40. and
41. is made
42. to 43. experiences
44. The 45. finally
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲了一个大学生和团队开设了一个关于“个人理财和生活更美好”的平台的故事。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在没有真正了解信用系统是如何运作的情况下，她刷爆了自己的信用额度，没有付账就把卡扔了。她毁了自己的信用。作介词Without 的宾语，用动名词形式。故填understanding。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在没有真正了解信用系统是如何运作的情况下，她刷爆了自己的信用额度，没有付账就把卡扔了。她毁了自己的信用。分析句子可知，“and”连接两个并列的谓语，时态保持一致，“maxed out”是一般过去时，空格处也是一般过去时。故填threw。
【38题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：为了防止信用破产再次发生，Fagan开设了一个个人博客来跟踪她的预算。分析句子可知，空格处用to do不定式作目的状语，作“started a personal blog”的目的。故填to track。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该博客已经变成了The Financial Diet，现在是一个关于“个人理财和生活更美好”的平台，旨在开启关于金钱的对话，分享建议和教育年轻人。关系词指代先行词The Financial Diet”并在非限定性定语从句中作主语。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：该博客已经变成了The Financial Diet，现在是一个关于“个人理财和生活更美好”的平台，旨在开启关于金钱的对话，分享建议和教育年轻人。分析句子可知，“share advice”和“educate young adults”是并列成分，中间缺少并列连词，且二者都是“The Financial Diet”成立的目的。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：他们的团队由另外五名女性和多名客座贡献者组成。分析句子可知，团队是由人组成的，“由……组成”是“be made up of”，另外本段开头有“Now”，提示用一般现在时，主语是单数，故填is made。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：任何想分享与金钱相关的事情的人都可以提交博客文章并最终发布。(be) related to与……有关，此处related作后置定语，故填to。
【43题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：这考虑到了大量的意见，经历和提示。分析句子可知，“opinions”“tips”与空格处并列，前两者是复数，空格处也用用复数。故填experiences。
【44题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：您可以做出的第一个聪明的与钱有关的举措是利用这个免费且信息丰富的资源。分析句子可知，“first”是序数词，前应有定冠词“the”。故填The。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这样做不会花费您一分钱，但最终可以为您节省一些钱。分析句子可知，此处用副词修饰动词“save”。故填finally。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 我校团委将在重阳节(Double Ninth Festival/Chong Yang Festival)开展“Caring for the elderly and conveying love”的社会实践活动，请你在校报上发一则通知，内容包括：
1.活动的目的(弘扬中国传统文化，增强同学们尊老、爱老的意识）；
2.活动的时间、地点；
3.活动安排。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Youth League Committee
【答案】 Notice
To promote traditional Chinese culture and enhance students’ awareness of respecting and loving the elderly, our school will organize volunteers to accompany the elderly at the nursing home on the Double Ninth Festival.
After we get there by bus in the morning, we are going to visit the elderly in their rooms in groups, presenting them with flowers and self-made cards to show our respect and love. In addition, some cleaning and washing for them will be done with the help of the nurses.
Please assemble at the school gate at 9: 00 a.m. on October 23, 2023. Hope everyone can join this activity, because it’ll be worthwhile.
Youth League Committee
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“本校团委将在重阳节(Double Ninth Festival/Chong Yang Festival)开展‘Caring for the elderly and conveying love’的社会实践活动”一事，在校报上发一则通知，呼吁大家积极参加，尊老爱老。
【详解】1.词汇积累
组织：organize → conduct
陪伴某人：accompany sb. → keep pany
拜访：visit → pay a visit to
此外：in addition → what’s more
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To promote traditional Chinese culture and enhance students’ awareness of respecting and loving the elderly, our school will organize volunteers to accompany the elderly at the nursing home on the Double Ninth Festival.
拓展句：Our school will organize volunteers to accompany the elderly at the nursing home on the Double Ninth Festival, the aim of which is to promote traditional Chinese culture and enhance students’ awareness of respecting and loving the elderly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After we get there by bus in the morning, we are going to visit the elderly in their rooms in groups, presenting them with flowers and self-made cards to show our respect and love. (运用了After引导的时间状语从句和现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】Hope everyone can join this activity, because it’ll be worthwhile. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I still remember the day when we decorated the house, I was ten and it was two weeks before Christmas. I was looking forward to my presents. Since I’m the youngest in the family, all of the family members would give me a gift one way or another. Sometimes it was a cookie or a hug but it was always there. I was the only center of attention and it was feeling good.
My uncles usually would ask me what I wanted before Christmas and that year I knew what I wanted. It was the spaceship I saw in the ads. I was dreaming of opening a big gift box, and it was there. But that year it came in a way that I wasn’t expecting.
It was two weeks before Christmas. Just two weeks. She couldn’t wait. My dear mother told my father that it was time, and then we went to the hospital. After an hour, they told me that I had a sister now. But I didn’t want a sister. I wanted a spaceship. The next few days went so fast. No one was caring about me. Everyone was talking about her and I knew that my life is never going to be the same ever again. I wasn’t ready to grow up, to be a big brother. But it just happened in an instant.
On the day before Christmas, everyone was in our home, talking only about my newborn sister. My family was becoming hers. Even my uncles didn’t ask me anything about the gift. She stole everything I’d ever had, my life and my presents. Thinking about this, I cried to sleep. I had a nightmare (噩梦) and woke up at the middle of the night. Shadows were all around me, and I was defenseless and so weak. I ran into my parents’ bedroom but couldn’t wake up my poor parents who were just too worn out. I was standing near their bed, trying not to cry when I saw her. She was awake and looking at me with her big eyes in her small bed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After having comforted her, something slowly changed inside me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying. Panic at first, I then realized that it was just a car passing by. But she felt uneasy, her mouth wide opening, arms waving, and legs kicking. I thought she might be scared too, so I held out my hand to hold hers, patting her on the back with the other. I even moved a bit closer to her little bed, whispering my favorite song to her ears, just as my mum did when I got scared. Surprisingly, she seemed to understand me and stopped crying. Looking into her big eyes, I breathed a sigh of relief.
After having comforted her, something slowly changed inside me. The sense of loneliness was replaced by the responsibility of being an elder brother. Even though her arrival took over the center of the whole family initially, she started to become the center of my attention too. With her cute round face and sparkling eyes, she also won my love and care for her. I looked around and found my parents, awake, smiling at me. With a shadow of a happy family cast on the window, I felt my little sister was the best gift I'd ever got.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者每年都会收到家里人的圣诞节礼物，而且作者是家里的唯一焦点，这种感觉很好，但是那一年的圣诞节似乎不一样，作者的妹妹在离圣诞节两周的时候出生了，于是在圣诞节的前一天，所有人的关注点都转移到了妹妹身上，没人问作者礼物的事情，作者很伤心，于是哭着睡着了，做了噩梦，在半夜醒来，跑进父母卧室却叫不醒父母，结果发现妹妹醒了，正用她的大眼睛看着作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，一个长长的影子走进卧室，她哭了起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者的妹妹被长长的影子吓到害怕的哭了起来，作者安慰妹妹的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“安慰了她之后，我的内心慢慢发生了变化。”可知，第二段可描写作者的内心变化，有了当哥哥的责任感并且开始关心妹妹。
2.续写线索：妹妹被吓哭——安抚——妹妹停止哭泣——感到作为哥哥的责任感——关心妹妹——感到幸福
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.经过：pass by /go through
②.低声说：whisper/ murmur
③.代替：replace /take place of
情绪类
①.可爱的：cute / lovely
②.不安的：uneasy /disturbed/upset
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. I thought she might be scared too, so I held out my hand to hold hers, patting her on the back with the other.（省略连词的宾语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. I even moved a bit closer to her little bed, whispering my favorite song to her ears, just as my mum did when I got scared.（现在分词作状语和连词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. Even though her arrival took over the center of the whole family initially, she started to become the center of my attention too.（Even though连接的让步状语从句）庆阳二中2023-2024学年度第一学期高三英语第二次月考卷
120分钟 满分150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力技能（共两节，满分30分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
l. Where does the conversation take place
A.At home. B.In a hospital. C.In an ambulance.
2.What does the woman want to do
A. Care for the kids. B.Stay at home C.Go to the cinema.
3. How did the man like his last year's trip
A. Better than expected. B.Interesting. C.Terrible.
4.When did the man begin waiting for Brown
A. At 4:00 pm. B.At 4:30 pm. C.At 5:00 pm.
5.Where does the man live now
A. In an American family. B.In a British family. C. In the dorm.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What day is it today
A. September 9th. B. September 12th. C.September 13th.
7. Why is the woman charged an extra 20 dollars
A. The price has gone up.
B.The man made a mistake.
C.She has to pay for room service
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman going to do
A. Play football. B.Watch a match. C. Buy tickets.
9. Who spared a ticket
A.The woman's brother B. The woman's friend. C.The woman.
听第8段材料回答第10至12题
10.What is the woman probably
A. An airport staff. B. A passenger. C.A journalist.
1l.How much money was in the envelope
A.$700. B.$7,000. C.$70,000
12. What did the woman do after discovering the money
A. She gave it to the airport police.
B.She looked around for the owner.
C.She waited there for the owner
听第9段材料回答第13 至16题。
13.What was the woman doing
A. Reading newspapers B.Watching a documentary. C. Reading news on the Internet.
14.What do we know about the 79-year-old man
A. He works at a zoo filled with wolves.
B.He lives with twenty-seven wolves.
C. He rescues wolves from the wild.
15.What's the second story about
A.A man treating lions like cats. B.A man living with lions. C.A man attacking lions.
16. What does the woman think of Andre Hart-man's story
A.Disappointing. B.Amazing C.Frightening.
听第10段材料回答第17至20题
17.What did Wallis win recently
A.A nomination for an Oscar Award
B.An Oscar Award for Best Actress.
C.An Oscar Award for Best Director.
18.What did Wallis want to be before starring in the movie
A.An actress. B.A dentist C.A director.
19.How old was Wallis when she started acting
A.Five. B.Six. C.Nine
20.What do we know about the movie
A. It attracted no attention. B.It won many awards in 2013 C. It cost little money.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.
Running
“Running is one of the best caloric burners out there,” qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says. An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running. “Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.”
Swimming
“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes,” Saltos says. Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water.
Boxing
Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core. “Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session,” Saltos says.
Rowing
The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories. “An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average,” Saltos says.
1. Which sport can burn the most calories per hour
A. Boxing. B. Running.
C. Swimming. D. Rowing.
2. What is the advantage of swimming according to the text
A It enhances balance. B. It improves tolerance.
C. It produces low impact. D. It builds muscle groups.
3. Who is the text intended for
A. Great athletes. B. Fitness experts.
C. Sports reporters. D. Overweight persons.
B
Someday, you may no longer need to brush your teeth by hand. Instead, a group of billions of nanoparticles (纳米粒子) could automatically do it for you. It would be especially life-changing for those who find it difficult or impossible to hold and move a toothbrush.
Steager, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and Hyun Koo, an inventor and dental researcher there, found a way to form the nanoparticles into long, skinny bristles (刷毛), a lot like the ones on a toothbrush. But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter.
The tooth-cleaning robot works due to two magnets (磁铁). One goes each side of the teeth. The nanoparticles sit in a liquid between the magnets. When the magnets are turned off the nanoparticles move randomly in the liquid. As soon as one magnet gets turned on, the nanoparticles gather together near its center. When the researchers turn on the other magnet and turn off the first one, the nanoparticles extend outward in long, skinny bristles. When there’s a tooth in the way, these bristles can’t stretch out as far as they want. So they push against the tooth’s surface. If there’s a gap between teeth, they push into the gap. Moving the magnets makes the bristles move against and between teeth. All that motion cleans the teeth. As a bonus, the nanoparticles also have strong power to kill viruses.
The new device is just a proof of concept. The researchers still need to turn it into a product that people will want to use. “There’s a lot of engineering to get from here to there, but every good idea needs to have a start.” says Steager.
4. What is special about the tooth cleaner
A. It’s transformable. B. It’s water-proof.
C. It contains skinny bristles. D. It looks like a toothbrush.
5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The working principle. B. The magnets’ motion.
C. The virus-killing process. D. The bristles’ formation.
6. How does Steager feel about the future of the device
A. Uncertain.
B. Concerned.
C. Confident.
D. Shocked.
7. Which of the following would be the best title
A. A Tooth-Cleaner Fighting Bacteria B. A New Concept for a New Start
C. A Breakthrough in Medicine D. A Shape-Shifting Robotic Tooth-Gleaner
C
Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.
In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new a made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.
How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer”, says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.
Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work,” he says. “Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work.”
8. What does Ellen Langer’s study show
A. It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist B. Translation makes people knowledgeable.
C. Simpler jobs require greater caution. D. Moderate effort produces the best result.
9. The underlined word “go-getter” in paragraph 3 refers to someone Who_______.
A. is good at handling pressure B. works hard to become successful
C. a has a natural talent for his job. D. gets on well with his co-workers
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. A good thinker is able to inspire other people.
B. Experience unrelated to your job is useless.
C. A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind.
D. Focusing on what you do raises productivity.
11. What does the text seem to advocate
A. Middle-of-the-road work habits. B. Balance between work and family.
C. Long-standing cultural traditions. D. Harmony in the work environment.
D
With so much emphasis behind sharing personal information online for the sake of presenting our best digital selves, we seldom consider the various cyber threats that exist.
At the forefront of cyber attacks which include everything from e-mail frauds (欺骗) to web and password attacks, it’s important to consider if investing in cyber insurance is appropriate for you.
While it is true that there are a number of online threats that affect everyday users, businesses tend to be the bigger targets. A common cyber attack against them usually comes in the form of ransomware (勒索软件) attacks and makes companies panic as they run the risk of losing their sensitive information while sending e-mails to their clients.
Small businesses are particularly attackable since they often don’t have a budget towards the prevention of cyber security threats, according to DataStream, a company that advises businesses to prevent attacks before they can occur.
“Threat actors often look for the low hanging fruit,” DataStream warns. “To them, no business is too small. All businesses hold sensitive data from customers and employees, including credit card information, e-mail addresses, and even competitive information or trade secrets.”
David Seidman has spent over 13 years as a cyber security expert. He has advised companies like Google and Microsoft in assessing and preventing cyber attacks. Seidman recognizes the faults in company-wide security that guards against hackers who often used advanced methods to trick vulnerable businesses.
“It takes a good team to set up the right alarms that catch a real attack but don’t trigger (触发) too often when no attack happens,” Seidman writes. “Catching this level of attacker can be done, but it’s not cheap. Attackers tend to be commercially motivated, looking to steal credit cards, passwords and other profitable data.”
12. Which type of cyber attack usually happens to businesses
A. E-mail scam. B. Web attack. C. Password attack. D. Ransomware attack.
13. What makes small businesses easy targets of cyber attacks
A. Their unawareness of cyber attacks.
B. Their need for new clients and funding.
C. Their lack of budget for cyber prevention.
D. Their possession of much customer information.
14. What is the main purpose of cyber attacks
A. To get money. B. To have fun. C. To destroy businesses. D. To break the law.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Technologies behind cyber attacks B. Faults in companies’ cyber security
C. Effective prevention of cyber attacks D. Businesses in the face of cyber threats
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Show emotion
If anyone has ever told you to “open up more” or “show some emotion” you may wonder what they really meant. It’s easy for us to get caught up in our own little worlds and hide what we’re feeling from other people. ___16___. But if you can open up more to others, you’ll see how rewarding it is to connect on a deeper level.
___17___. Relax and think through your feelings as they come to you. Whenever you feel something, take a second to sit with what you’re feeling. Think about how you feel and let the emotion wash over you naturally.
Name your emotions as they come to you. Giving your feeling a name makes it easier to understand. Once you’re comfortable with a feeling. Give the emotion a name. Are you anxious about something If you don’t feel anything particularly moving, are you bored or content This process will make you more self-aware. ___18___ .
Maintain a journal for your feelings. One way to help you to open up emotionally to others is to keep a daily journal. ___19___ . Every day, write down a paragraph or two about your day and how it makes you feel. This will help you track your feeling over time and put you more in tune with yourself.
Engage in fun activities to share experiences with others. Do things you enjoy with people you love to share positive emotions. Dedicate one night a week to go out and grab dinner with your family. ___20___, or go on a 20-minute walk every day. Being emotionally available and sharing how you feel is a lot easier when you have fun with the people you care about.
A. Push yourself to share every day
B. Take a minute to process emotions
C. Take a cooking class with your partner
D. Open up and get used to sharing how you feel
E. It will also help you express what you’re feeling
F. Treat it as a special space for you to open up and be honest
G. Sometimes, we don’t even realize we’re being guarded or hiding our feelings
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school I have always ___21___subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___22___, seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___23___thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___24___I thought, why bother But recently I had an ___25___that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was ___26___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___27___intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___28___.
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones — “but you can call me Rob” — was far from the white- haired, buttoned-up old man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob ___30___us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own obstacles. To talk morals, we looked at ___31___we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___32___ones.
It ___33___me that if I let go of my ___34___, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of. The class taught me — in more ways than one — to look at things with a(n) ___35___mind.
21. A. chosen B. evaluated C. favored D. avoided
22. A. formulas B. puzzles C. challenges D. innovations
23. A. automatically B. consciously C. accurately D. impatiently
24. A. reason B. answer C. method D. direction
25. A. surprise B. experience C. incident D. adventure
26 A. hopeful B. confident C. doubtful D. nervous
27. A. jokingly B. mistakenly C. previously D. naturally
28. A. unique B. common C. different D. strange
29. A. mentioned B. expected C. encountered D. missed
30. A. engaged B. tested C. persuaded D. invited
31. A. choices B. abilities C. dilemmas D. doubts
32. A. objective B. effective C. encouraging D. appealing
33. A. confused B. struck C. warned D. convinced
34. A. pride B. concern C. assessment D. prejudice
35. A. open B. strong C. sharp D. ready
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a freshman in college, Chelsea Fagan got her first credit card. Without really _____36_____(understand) how the credit system works, she maxed out her credit limit and ____37____(throw) out the card without paying the bill. She ruined her credit.
To prevent credit ruin from happening again, Fagan started a personal blog___38___(track) her budget. The blog has turned into The Financial Diet, ____39____is now a platform about “personal finance and living better” and aims to open the conversation about money, share advice_____40_____educate young adults.
Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with Graphic Designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team ____41____(make) up of another five women and multiple guest contributors. Anyone who has something to share about anything related_____42_____money can submit a blog post and end up being published. This allows for plenty of opinions, ____43____(experience) and tips. Aside from money, the topics include career tips, college finances, budgeting for your lifestyle and travel and how to manage your money to live your dream life.
____44____ first smart money move you can make is to take advantage of this free and informative resource. Doing so won’t cost you any money but can _____45_____(final)save you some.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 我校团委将在重阳节(Double Ninth Festival/Chong Yang Festival)开展“Caring for the elderly and conveying love”的社会实践活动，请你在校报上发一则通知，内容包括：
1.活动的目的(弘扬中国传统文化，增强同学们尊老、爱老的意识）；
2.活动的时间、地点；
3.活动安排。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Youth League Committee
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I still remember the day when we decorated the house, I was ten and it was two weeks before Christmas. I was looking forward to my presents. Since I’m the youngest in the family, all of the family members would give me a gift one way or another. Sometimes it was a cookie or a hug but it was always there. I was the only center of attention and it was feeling good.
My uncles usually would ask me what I wanted before Christmas and that year I knew what I wanted. It was the spaceship I saw in the ads. I was dreaming of opening a big gift box, and it was there. But that year it came in a way that I wasn’t expecting.
It was two weeks before Christmas. Just two weeks. She couldn’t wait. My dear mother told my father that it was time, and then we went to the hospital. After an hour, they told me that I had a sister now. But I didn’t want a sister. I wanted a spaceship. The next few days went so fast. No one was caring about me. Everyone was talking about her and I knew that my life is never going to be the same ever again. I wasn’t ready to grow up, to be a big brother. But it just happened in an instant.
On the day before Christmas, everyone was in our home, talking only about my newborn sister. My family was becoming hers. Even my uncles didn’t ask me anything about the gift. She stole everything I’d ever had, my life and my presents. Thinking about this, I cried to sleep. I had a nightmare (噩梦) and woke up at the middle of the night. Shadows were all around me, and I was defenseless and so weak. I ran into my parents’ bedroom but couldn’t wake up my poor parents who were just too worn out. I was standing near their bed, trying not to cry when I saw her. She was awake and looking at me with her big eyes in her small bed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After having comforted her, something slowly changed inside me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
