同步课堂专练 (外研版2019选择性必修第三册)
Unit 6 Nature in words
Section C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection (基础练)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Many singers around the world joined in the online (副歌) to express the unity to fight the virus.
2.Can you give a more (精确的) description where she had left the book
3.Nelson Mandela is a (具有强烈信念的) defender of civil liberties.
4.Everyone is impressed with Wang Xizhi’s writing which combines (优美) and wit.
5.Mao Buyi soon acquired a r as an excellent singer and composer.
6.The students looked p so the teacher repeated the question.
7.Max would be a good judge, I thought. He was calm and t .
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
urge...to,speak of,scores of,in particular,cause harm to,be aware of,stand by,alert...to
1.The president said at the conference that he wanted to his earlier statements.
2.The boss the engineer return and continue with the research.
3.He the French and their habit of standing in a queue in the lecture.
4.People around the world should the pollution and climate changes.
5. Which do you like best among modern art styles
6.Parents and teachers should act as better examples to children.
7.Smoking will your health, so you’d better quit smoking.
8.He wanted to people the activities of the group.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The tsunami blew away (dozen) of houses and brought down thousands of trees.
2.He decided (launch) a campaign to raise the students’ awareness of protecting the environment.
3.The famous athlete (ban) from athletics for two years after failing a drug test.
4.Global warming is having a great (affect) on hundreds of animal and plant species around the world.
5.The stars in the sky shone like (diamond) at that moment.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我想看到这个计划的实施。
I would like to see .
2.目前,并不是每个人都支持他的提议。
is in favor of his proposal at present.
3.孔子仍被认为是全世界最鼓舞人心的人物之一。
Confucious one of the most inspiring figures in the world.
4.我们努力工作为的是多赚些钱。
We work hard we can earn more money.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Silent Spring
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson was published in 1962. Carson wrote the book 1 (aim) to alert people to the damaging effects of human activities 2 natural ecosystems. And she wished to see pesticides 3 (use) in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. The book contained a lot of scientific information, research, examples and so on, 4 showed how precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strong and the language was 5 (elegance) and influential. However, the book was not received positively by everyone. It quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry, who said that Carson’s research was not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television 6 (defend) her claims.
Carson’s message was 7 (alarm) and its influence was immediate and far-reaching. The use of DDT 8 (ban) and the EPA was established in the US. The book was considered as 9 milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. Carson earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom after she passed away.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s 10 (aware) of protecting natural ecosystem.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
VI. 阅读理解
A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals
From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.
Marcovaldo
Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a mon themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty.
The Art of Mondo
Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle: limitless passion for their subject matters.
The Coming of the Third Reich
There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations.
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.
（1）Which book will you choose if you are interested in art
A.Marcovaldo.
B.The Art of Mondo.
C.The Coming of the Third Reich.
D.Patriarchy and Capitalism.
（2）Who cares about women's rights and interests
A.Millie Marotta.
B.Italo Calvino.
C.Richard Evans.
D.Chizuko Ueno.
（3）What is the main purpose of the text
A.To introduce art forms.
B.To remember five writers.
C.To recommend quality books.
D.To compare different cultures.
VII.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies China's "Water tower" Sanjiangyuan.________The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River, provide water for about half the population of China. However, human activities such as overgrazing(过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.
________. In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot (试行) program for China's national park system.________Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.
Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of eco-protection.________For example, Herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.
The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum, "Building an ecological civilization bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilization." With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature's animals.________
A. Hopefully, though, we have realized the damage.
B. It's home to the headwater of China's three big rivers.
C. Unfortunately, the situation has got worse and worse.
D. It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.
E. The park has increased the area's green coverage and attracted more wildlife.
F. Hopefully, the success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.
G. The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.
VIII.语法填空
Do you know polar bears well In this article, we will discuss some ________ (amaze) facts about polar bears.
Black skin and white fur. Interestingly, polar bears usually have black skin which ________ (cover) with fur. When you see the bear white, it is because ________ (it) fur is a hollow transparent tube (中空透明管) that only ________ (reflect) light. This feature gives polar bears great advantage in their environment especially when they are hunting.
Polar bears live in cold ________ (place). The natural habitat (栖息地) of polar bears is in the Arctic in Canada, Russia, and so on. While the Arctic is known for extremely freezing temperatures, bears still manage to remain warm thanks ________ the 10 cm thick layer of fat under their skin and their thick furry coat.
Their population. It is estimated (估计) that there are about 20,000 polar bears. Polar bears are used to freezing temperatures. However, because the global temperature is rising, ice on the sea melts a bit ________ (fast) than usual. This way, bears don't have enough time ________ (hunt) for food, so they are easy to get hurt. Each of the countries ________ bears have their natural habitat follows strict rules on hunting polar bears to prevent them from ________ (face) extinction.
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.chorus 2.precise 3.passionate 4.elegance 5.reputation
6.puzzled 7.thorough
Ⅱ.1.stand by 2.urged;to 3.spoke of
4.be aware of 5.scores of 6.in particular
7.cause harm to 8.alert;to
Ⅲ.1.dozens 考查名词复数。句意:海啸刮走了很多房子,吹倒了数千棵树。dozens of意为“许多”。
2.to launch 考查非谓语动词。decide to do决定做……。
3.was banned 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:这位著名运动员没通过药检,被禁赛两年。分析句子结构可知,设空处为句子的谓语,由句意可知用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was banned。
4.effect 考查词性转换。句意:全球变暖正在对世界上数百种动植物物种产生重大影响。分析句子结构可知,a great 作having的宾语,故设空处用名词,故填effect,意为“影响”。
5.diamonds 考查名词复数。句意:那一刻天空中的星星像钻石一样闪闪发光。分析句子结构可知,like为介词,意为“像……一样”,设空处应用名词作宾语,由句意可知用复数,故填diamonds。
Ⅳ.1.the plan carried out 2.Not everyone
3.is still regarded as 4.so that
Ⅴ.1.aiming 考查非谓语动词。句意:卡森写这本书旨在使人们意识到人类的活动对于自然生态系统的破坏性影响。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填非谓语动词,the book与aim之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词,故填aiming。
2.on 考查介词。the effects on...对……的影响。
3.used 考查非谓语动词。句意:她希望看到杀虫剂以一种更负责任的、有限的并且仔细监控的方式被使用。根据句意可知,设空处应用过去分词作宾语补足语,see sth. done“看到某事被做”,故填used。
4.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这本书包含了大量的科学信息、研究和实例等,这表明她作为一名科学家是多么一丝不苟。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,指代前面整个主句,故填which。
5.elegant 考查词性转换。句意: 论据是强有力的,语言优雅而有影响力。结合句意可知,设空处应用形容词,与influential并列,故填elegant“优雅的”。
6.to defend 考查非谓语动词。句意:卡森出现在公众场合和电视上,为自己的主张辩护。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用不定式作目的状语,故填to defend。
7.alarming 考查词性转换。句意:卡森的信息令人惊恐,其影响是直接和深远的。根据句意可知,设空处应用形容词作表语,故填alarming。
8.was banned 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:DDT的使用被禁止,EPA在美国被建立。分析句子结构可知,设空处在前一个分句中充当谓语,由句意以及后面的was established可知应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was banned。
9.a 考查冠词。句意:这本书被认为是西方世界发起的绿色运动的一个里程碑。分析句子结构且结合句意可知,设空处应用不定冠词表泛指,意为“一个”,且milestone为辅音音素开头的单词,故填不定冠词a。
10.awareness 考查词性转换。句意:这本书通过提高人们对保护自然生态系统的意识而改变了世界。分析句子结构可知, 所有格people’s后应用名词, 故填awareness“意识”。
VI
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五本书的作者和主要内容。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
VII
【答案】 B；A；E；G；F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国将建立以三江源为龙头的国家公园系统及其重要意义。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies China's ‘Water tower’ Sanjiangyuan.”中国的“水塔”三江源坐落在青藏高原的高处；以及空后“The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River, provide water for about half the population of China.”三江:黄河、长江和澜沧江，为中国大约一半的人口提供水源。可知，此句为承上启下句。选择项中It指代上句中的“Sanjiangyuan”，“three big rivers”与下句中的“The three rivers”保持一致。B. It's home to the headwater of China's three big rivers.“它是中国三大河流的源头。”符合上下文语境，故选B。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“However, human activities such as overgrazing(过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.”然而，过度放牧等人类活动正将这个生态系统置于危险之中；以及空后“In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China's national park system.”2016年，中国政府设立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的一个试点项目。可知，我们已经意识到保护生态环境的重要性。A. Hopefully, though, we have realized the damage.“然而，令人欣慰的是，我们意识到了这种损害。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China's national park system.” 2016年，中国政府设立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的一个试点项目；以及空后“Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.”由于该地区取得的进展，青海省于8月19日举行了首届国家公园论坛。可知，我们已经意识到保护生态环境的重要性。选择项中“The park”指代前句中的“Sanjiangyuan National Park”。E. The park has increased the area's green coverage and attracted more wildlife.“公园增加了该地区的绿色覆盖率，吸引了更多的野生动物。”符合上下文语境，故选E。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“For example, Herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.”例如，牧民把草原交给大自然，重新安置在城市。至于野生动物，野外保护站会对它们进行监测，以保持环境的良好状态。可知，这里是保护环境所采取的措施。G. The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.“当地政府有各种减缓环境恶化的方法。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized.”国家公园系统的想法在中国仍然是新的，但它必须实现；以及“With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature's animals. ”经过艰苦的努力，人们也许有一天可以在三江源这片辽阔的土地上和大自然的动物们在一起自由自在地奔跑。可知，建立国家公园系统的想法在中国仍然是新的，环境保护的努力只是一个开始。F. Hopefully, the success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.“三江源的成功有望标志着一个更加绿色的未来的开始。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
VIII【答案】 amazing；is covered；its；reflects；places；to；faster；to hunt；where；facing
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关北极熊的一些有趣的事实。
（1）考查形容词。句意;在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一些关于北极熊的惊人事实。形容词修饰名词，此处用来修饰物，故填amazing。
（2）考查时态语态。which指代主语black skin，故谓语动词用单数；又因为black skin与cover构成动宾关系，故填is covered。
（3）考查代词。因为后面跟名词，故用其形容词性物主代词，填its。
（4）考查主谓一致。主语是that，指代a hollow transparent tube，因此谓语动词用单数形式，故填reflects。
（5）考查名词。此处泛指“寒冷的地方”，因为place是可数名词，故填places。
（6）考查介词。thanks to固定短语，“多亏，由于”，故填to。
（7）考查副词。因为前面有a bit修饰，后面跟than，且用来修饰动词melt，故用副词的比较级形式，填faster。
（8）考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，故填to hunt。
（9）考查定语从句。 bears have their natural habitat 是限制性定语从句，先行词是countries，在从句中作状语，故填where。
（10）考查非谓语动词。prevent sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，故填facing。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，代词，主谓一致，名词，介词，副词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
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