Unit1 Laugh out loud 结构-情景破
知识点1形式主语it
Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat he injury,it’s my job to make her feel better.(教材P2)
虽然医生和护士会治疗她的伤,但是让她感觉好一些是我的工作。
情景导学
It is likely that Native Americans moved to California least fifteen thousand years ago.
很可能至少在一万五千年前美洲土著居民就迁到了加利福尼亚。
It’s no use waiting here. Let’s go home.
在这儿等着也没用。我们回家吧。
It was difficult for him to understand her words.
对他来说,要明白她的话是困难的。
归纳拓展
当不定式、动名词、从句等作主语时,为了避免头重脚轻,通常在句首用It作________,而把________的主语放在句尾。常见句型:
It is/was+ adj. /n. +to do sth. /doing sth. /that 从句
It is/was +adj./n.(+ for/of sb.)+to do sth.
It is/was +said/reported/thought…+that从句It+ takes(+sb.)+时间+ to do sth.
注意:在句型“It’s+ no good(no use、useless、 a waste of time、worthwhile)….”中,It是形式主语,后面通常用动名词(短语)作真正的主语。
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1(2019课标全国I,语法填空,★★☆)_________ is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied.
1-2(2019天津,书面表达,★★☆)It advisable _________ you present some works of the most influential artists and have a brief review of how Western painting has developed into what it is today.
1-3(2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空,★★☆)On our way to the house,it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take_______ (get) there.
1-4(2018课标全国Ⅱ,七选五,★★☆)With such busy lives,it can be hard _________(try)and find the time to work out.
1-5(2017课标全国Ⅱ,七选五,★★☆)It’s important _______ you let them know when you’ll be available.
完成句子
1-6(2015福建,25,★★☆)据说肢体言占第一印象的55%,而你所说的话只
占7%。
_______ _______ _______ _______ body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
知识点2现在分词短语作状语
Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities, we clown doctors work together with medical professionals.(教材P3)访问医院和其他医疗保健场所,我们小丑医生与医疗专家一起工作。
情景导学
We'll be travelling by camel with local guides, camping in the desert and having a lot of fun.
我们将骑着骆驼和当地的导游旅行,在沙漠里宿营,玩得会很开心。
They will have lunch at a hotel, sleeping there.
他们将在旅社里吃午饭并在那里睡觉。
Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, turning the old town into a dreamland.
新建的小木屋沿着街道排成排,把旧城镇变成了梦境。
归纳拓展
①现在分词作________时,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随等。
②作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时多位于________,且通常与后面用逗号隔开,能转换成一个相应的状语从句。
③作________状语时多位于句尾,前面的句子表示原因,后面的现在分词短语表示直接造成的结果。
单句语法填空
2-1(2018江苏,26,★★☆)Around13,500 new jobs were created during the period ________(exceed)the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
2-2(2017天津,14,★★☆)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment ________(allow)more patients to be treated.
2-3(2015福建,33,★★☆)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared ________(combine)the sense of“information” and “atmosphere”.
单句改错
2-4(2018课标全国Ⅲ,短文改错,★★☆)Everyone was silent,wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
__________________________________________________________________
知识点3状语从句的省略
Think of a joke you find funny and write it down using non-defining attributive clauses where appropriate.(教材P5)
想一个你觉得好笑的笑话把它写下来,在适当的地方用非限制性定语从句。
情景导学
As(he was)a child,he became interested in art.
还是个孩子时,他就对艺术感兴趣。
Once(we were)out of the cinema,we got separated.
出电影院我们就走散了。
If(it is)true,this will cause us a lot of trouble.
如果是真的,这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
归纳拓展
在有些时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语___________或者从句的主语是it且从句的谓语动词含有___________的某种形式时,从句的主语和be动词通常可以___________。省略形式的状语从勺常为:从属连词+形容词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语……
单句语法填空
3-1(2019课标全国Ⅱ,七选五,★★☆)You must keep these points in mind while ___________(set)your goals.
3-2(2019江苏,任务型阅读,★★★)It's not easy to carry around,especially when
___________(box)inside a massive skull(颅骨).
同义句转换
3-3(2017课标全国Ⅲ,七选五,★★☆)Once you are clear about your reasons tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
___________ ___________ about your reasons tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
知识点4完全倒装
Then along came a tiger.(教材P9)
然后来了一只老虎。
情景导学
Present at the meeting are guests from the USA.
出席这次会议的是来自美国的客人。
There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.
山顶上有座庙。
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
In the front of the lecture hall sits a professor.
演讲厅的前面坐着一位教授
归纳拓展
①把整个________放在主语前面就称为完全倒装。倒装时句子的谓语动词的单复数要和主语保持一致。
②表示方向、地点和时间的词in、out、up、down、there、here、now、then等在句首,谓语动词是be、lie、live、stand、exist、come、go等,句子要完全倒装。
③完全倒装时,主语必须是名词,如果是代词,则________。
④完全倒装时,时态常用________和一般过去时。
单句语法填空
4-1(2015福建,短文填词,★★☆)When this happens,the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. Here________ (be)my tips for you.
4-2(★★☆)As I opened the basement door before us________(lie)the biggest room full of amazing things like guns,dolls and old clothes.
4-3(★★☆)-Is everyone here?
-Not yet. Look,there________(come)the rest of our guests.
完成句子
4-4(2015湖北,完成句子,★★★)在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音:“孩子们,早上好。”
Into the complete silence of the waiting class ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ , “Good morning children.”(come)
答案:
知识点1
形式主语;真正
1-1 It考查it的用法。句意:由于对许多区域调查得不够充分,很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。分析句子结构可知,不定式短语 to figure out…是真正的主语,设空处为形式主语,故填It。
1-2 that考查连接词。句意:你宜展示一些最有影响力的艺术家的作品,并简要回顾一下西方绘画是如何发展到今天这样的。分析句子结构可知,此处应填连接词,引导的从句是真正的主语,且从句中不缺成分,故填that。
1-3 to get考查非谓语动词。it takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费(某人)多长时间”,it作形式主语,不定式是真正的主语,故填 to get。
1-4 to try考查非谓语动词。句意:生活如此紫忙,很难试着找到吋间锻练。it作形式主谱,不定式短语to try…是真正的主语。
1-5 that考查连接词。句意;重夏的是你要让他们知道你什么时候有空:I作形式主语,此空后的句子结构是完整的,不缺少任何成分,故填that。
1-6 It is said that
知识点2
①状语 ②句首 ③结果
2-1 exceeding考查非谓语动词。句意:这段时期大约一万三千五百个新工作被创造出来,超过了市场分析专家预测的一万两千个。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与 Around13,500 new jobs是主动关系,且没有动作发生前后的关系,要用v.-ing形式的一般式。
2-2 allowing考查作谓语动词:句意:这所医院最近获得了新的医疗设备,这使更多的病人得到治疗。分析句子可知,allow与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故此处用现在分词短诗作结果状语。
2-3 combining考查非谓语动词。句意:在最近几年,一个英文单词“infosphere”出现了,它结合了“information”和“atmosphere”的含义。主语an English word “infosphere”与 combine为逻辑上的主动关系。故用v.-ing形式作伴随状语。
2-4 wait改为 waiting考查现在分词:wait与everyone之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作伴随状语,故把wait改为 waiting。
知识点3
一致:be动词;省略
3-1 setting考查现在分词。句意:在设定目标时,你必须牢记这些要点。此处是 while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式,set和You之间是主动关系,故用现在分词,即 setting。
3-2 boxed考查过去分词:句意:它不容易随身携带,尤其是被装在一个巨大的颅骨里时。此处box和It之间是被动关系,故填过去分词,即 boxed。
3-3 Once clear
知识点4
①谓语③不倒装④一没现在时
4-1 are考查倒装句:将设空处所在句子变为正常语序后为:My tips for you____ here.,故答案为are。
4-2 lay考查倒装句。句意:当我打开地下室的门展现在我们面前的是最大的房间,里面装满了令人叹为观止的东西,比如枪支、玩具,还有旧衣服。表示方向的词 before位于句首,主句是完全倒装,根据opened可知此处应用一般过去吋,填lay。
4-3 come考查倒装句。句意:都到了吗?还没有。看,我们其余的客人来了!本句中 there前置,句子采用了完全倒装,谓语动词应该根据句子的rest余的客人们,故用复数形式,且动作在说话时正在发生,故用一般现在时,故填come。
4-4 came the teacher’s sweet voice
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