八下英语
Unit2基础知识
短语归纳
1. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
2. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
3. put up 张贴;搭建;举起;盘起
4. call up 打电话给(某人);征召
5. give up 放弃
6. fix up 修理;装饰
7. set up 建起;设立
8. give away 赠送;捐赠
9. give/hand out 分发;散发
10. try out 参加…选拔;试用
11. help out 帮助……摆脱困境
12. come up with= think up
想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等
13. run out of= use up 用尽;耗尽
14. listen to sb. 倾听某人(诉说)
15. care for 照顾;非常喜欢
16. take after (外貌或行为)像
17. think about 考虑;思考
e true 实现
19. make a difference(to...)
(对……)有影响/作用
20. change one' s life 改变某人的生活
21. be busy with 忙于
22. be worried about 担心
23. be similar to 与…相似
24. be excited about 对……感到兴奋、激动
25. be strong in= be good at=do well in 擅长
at the age of 在…岁时
27. at least 至少 (反: at most至多)
28. at the same time 同时
29. at once = right away 立刻,马上
30. by oneself 独自,单独
用法集萃
1. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
want/would like to do sth. 想做某事
learn to do sth. 学会做某事
volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
2. be able to do sth. 能够做某事
feel lucky to do sth. 对做某事感到幸运
make plans to do sth. 制订计划做某事
3. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
4. ask sb.(not) to do sth.要求某人(不)做某事
5. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
6. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
7. love to do/ doing sth. 喜爱做某事
8. help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
10. give up+时间+ to do sth.腾出时间做某事
11. make it possible for sb. to do sth.
使做某事对某人来说成为可能
Thank you for doing sth.
因做某事而感谢你。
基础测试
一、单词拼写。
1.---Did you have a good time during the school trip ---Yes, it was a great j__________.
2.My English teacher spoke English very fast and I could hardly u_________ her.
3.The old man is b__________, so he can't see anything.
4.Mary had a feeling of s___________ when she won the competition.
5.Thank you again for c___________ your plan to help me with my homework.
6.Though Susan has d___________ in her study, she never gives up.
7.Last week, he v____________ at an after school reading program. He helped the kids read
some interesting books.
8.There is something wrong with my father's bike. He is r__________ it at home.
9.I like listening to music and playing the piano.They are my i___________.
10.An airplane was missing last week. Can you i___________ what happened to this plane
11.---What's the matter with Bill
---He was hit by a car yesterday and one of his legs was badly b_________.
12.After two years' physical t__________, he was stronger and healthier.
13.---Are you sure they u_________ how you wanted them to do it
---Yes. They did the right things. Look!The classroom is now very beautiful.
14.People felt e_________ and they cheered when they saw the five-star red flag rising slowly.
15.Having a model plane on his birthday is a dream come true for little Jerry. His eyes are full of j_________.
16.He often helps the old man c_________ and sweep the floor.
17.Linda is much c_________ than any other classmate in her class.She can always get good grades easily.
18.People hardly write l________ today.They keep in touch with others by phone or by e-mail.
19.We may face many d_________ in life.But please remember that nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
20.Miller lives by himself.Sometimes he feels lonely,but he believes living a________can help him learn to look after himself.
二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1.Are you_________ (excite) about traveling to Yunnan
2.I hope all of us can treat everyone with_________ (kind).
3.Did you hear someone_________ (sing) in the next room last night
4.The Internet makes it possible for many people _________ (work) at home.
5.Mr.Jackson put up signs __________ (ask) for old bikes.
6.________(be) a singer seems like a dream job.
7.He found it difficult_________(help) others with English.
8.The__________ (train) dog can get things for disabled people.
9.He came up with ideas for _________ (make) money to continue my studies.
10.---Would you like_________(go) camping with me
---I'd like to. But I'm busy_________ (finish) my homework.
三、书面表达
【范文欣赏】
Dear Sir or Madam,
Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. I am a student from No.1 Middle School. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer who will help the students with their English in Hope School this summer holiday.
I want to help more people in need and pass my love and kindness to them, so I want to be a volunteer so much. I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. Firstly, I am good at English. I can express myself fluently and clearly in English. Then, I’m outgoing and willing to help others. What’s more, I am always helpful and get along well with kids. Finally, if I am lucky to get the chance, I will prepare my course before every class and play some meaningful games to inspire them.
In a word, volunteering can bring me a sense of satisfaction. I will be very grateful if you can give me the chance, and I will try my best to do the job well. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours, Li Hua
【写作训练】
假如你是李华，就读于Wenzhou Guangming Middle School。最近，2022杭州亚运会温州赛区组委会正在招聘相关志愿者。请给组委会写一封能突出你优势的自荐信，具体谈谈你的爱好，相关经历和健康生活习惯等等，希望组委会能录取你。
要求：不能出现真实的个人身份信息；词数：90词左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua from Wenzhou Guangming Middle School. I wish to get an opportunity to be a volunteer in The 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your kind reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
专项练习
一、阅读理解
A
Every year hundreds of people try to climb the world's highest mountain or walk through rainforests （雨林）. Let s take a look at two of the 21st century's（世纪的）greatest adventurers（冒险家）.
A mountain climber
Do you know that more than 4.000 people have climbed Mount Everest Gerlinde is one of them.She is one of the world's greatest climbers and has climbed all the mountains over 8,000 meters in the world.It's difficult to climb mountains in cold weather, but Gerlinde loves it.She started climbing the mountains near her home as a teenager.When she left school, she became a nurse but always went climbing in her free time.
An Amazon adventurer
Ed Stafford is the first person to walk along the Amazon River from the mountains of Peru to the mouth of the river in Brazil.His journey took two years and four months.There are many dangerous animals in the rainforest.But Ed was lucky and he was only bitten（咬）by small insect（昆虫）. On his trip, Ed had to look for fruit or catch fish each morning.Sometimes food was hard to find and Ed was often tired and hungry. So he used a radio to ask the people of the rainforest for food and help.
（1）What does the underlined word "it" refer to（指的是）
A.To climb all the mountains in the world.
B.To climb Mount Everest.
C.To be the world's greatest climber.
D.To climb mountains in cold weather.
（2）What can we know from Ed's journey
A.It was very dangerous. B.It was cold in the rainforest.
C.It was easy to find food. D.It took four years and two months.
（3）Ed might NOT see in the rainforest.
A.people B.fruit C.snakes D.insects
（4）Which of the following is TRUE
A.Ed was once bitten by snakes on his trip to Amazon River.
B.Gerlinde is the first person to climb Mount Everest in the world.
C.More than 4.000 people climb Mount Everest every year.
D.Gerlinde has climbed all the mountains over 8,000 meters.
B
Tara worked in a hospital as a nurse. One evening there was a big dance party at the hospital.Most of the doctors and nurses would be there, but it was Tara's turn to look after the sick children. She liked dancing very much, so she felt very sorry.
She went to each sick child one after another and said good-night, until she came to one little boy, Dennis.He was eleven years old，but he was already able to talk like an adult （成人）.Poor Dennis had a very serious illness，and now he was hardly able to move any part of his body except his hands.Tara knew he would never get any better, but he was always happy and always thinking about other people instead of thinking about himself.
Dennis knew that Tara loved dancing, so now when she came to say good-night to him, he greeted her with the words,"I'm very sorry that you have to miss the dance because of us.But we are going to have a party for you.If you look in my drawer（抽屉）, you 'll find a piece of cake. I saved it from my supper today, so it's quite fresh.And there is also a dollar there.You can buy something to drink with that. And I'd get up and dance with you myself if I was able to," he added.
Suddenly the hospital dance party seemed very far away and not at all important to Tara.
（1）Tara felt unlucky that evening mainly because .
A.there wasn't a dance party at the hospital
B.she would miss the big dance party
C.she couldn't look after the sick children
D.her job was meaningless
（2）Dennis was lovely because .
A.he thought about other people first
B.he could dance with Tara
C.he couldn't talk like an adult
D.he believed he could get better
（3）Dennis prepared for Tara that night.
A.something to drink B.a piece of cake and a dollar
C.a big dance party D.a good supper
（4）We can probably learn from this passage that .
A.Dennis got up and danced with Tara
B.Dennis brought Tara something to drink
C.Tara was touched by Dennis
D.Tara went to the dance party at last
C
It's easier to agree than disagree.The following tips can help show your disagreements better.
Don't make it personal.
If you get upset, it can help to remember that you're mad at the person's idea, not the person.
Never have bad words on the other person's idea.
Instead of saying "that's a stupid idea", try"I don't agree, and here's why". Never shout loudly and you'll have a much better chance of getting your idea across.
Use"I" statements to communicate how you feel and what you think.
Using "you"statements can sound argumentative（好争论的）. For example, telling your mom "you always remind me about my chores when I have a lot of homework" has a very different feeling from "I'm under pressure because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow "
Listen to the other point of view.
When the other person is talking, try to stop thinking about why you disagree or what you'll say next.Instead, focus on what's being said.When it's your turn to talk, repeat any key points the other person made to show you have learned what was said.Then calmly show why you disagree.
Stay calm.
This is the most important thing you can do to keep a conversation go on well.
（1）What should we do when the other person is talking according to the passage
A.Think about why we disagree.
B.Learn about what he's saying.
C.Think about what we'll say next.
D.Show our own ideas to him.
（2）What does the underlined word "focus" mean in Chinese
A.专注 B.赞赏 C.同意 D.诠释
（3）Which is the RIGHT way to show that you disagree with someone
A.I'm afraid I disagree with you.
B.Your idea sounds terrible.
C.You always ask me many questions.
D.Your idea is quite wrong.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about
A.Discussion about disagreements.
B.Attitude（态度）towards disagreements.
C.Opinions about disagreements.
D.Tips to show disagreements.
任务型阅读
A.Cats can bring illness.
B.Keeping a cat is good for you.
C.You should let your cat inside.
D.Going outside is bad for cats, too.
E.The birds are fewer and fewer in America.
F.Cats kill many birds and small animals every year
（1）
Many kinds of birds live in the United States, but the number of the birds is becoming smaller every year. One of the leading reasons is the growing number of pet cats. By keeping your pet cats in your home, you can help give birds a better possible chance to live.
（2）
Of the 90 million pet cats in this country, about two-thirds are allowed to go outside. It is said that these cats kill hundreds of millions of birds each year, as well as billions of small animals such as rabbits and field mice.
（3）
They can also bring illness to the animals that live in people's yard, and further weakening the health of the natural populations.
（4）
Allowing pet cats to go outside is not just bad for birds and wildlife, it's also bad for the cats themselves.Outdoor cats can get sick very easily. They are in danger from traffic and attacks（攻击）from other animals.In fact，outdoor cats usually don't live past the age of five, while indoor cats often live to be 17 or older.
（5）
Keep your pet cat inside! If you raise a young cat.it's your duty to let it play inside.
二、完形填空
Lucy was a single mother.She lived with her little son.She lost her（1） two years ago and they had a very hard life.You couldn't（2） how poor they were. Her heart was broken every time her son asked,"Can I have some more（3） please, mom "
One day, when her son asked the same question again, she decided to prepare a big meal for him（4） the only 6 dollars in her hand.She went to the supermarket,（5） some food and cooked at home.Lucy was a shy mother,（6） she was strong-minded. "It's time to make a change, " she thought.She once loved writing. To make some money, she （7） to write for magazines day and night.
Things went better. The local food bank started to（8） Lucy with some free vegetables every month. Her son（9） had enough food to eat.Once he told Lucy that the dishes she made were delicious.Then, an idea（10） to Lucy's mind: "Why not sell my recipes on the Internet " She did.Many people（11） her recipes and she became famous.
Soon after that, some（12） from TV station interviewed her, and they asked her to write a book on（13） .When Lucy got the money for the（14） she wrote, she was very happy.Now Lucy has a well-paid job and a beautiful home, but she'll（15）_____ the days when she worked hard for a good life forever.
（1）A.experience B.spirit C.joy D.job
（2）A.notice B.wonder C.imagine D.compare
（3）A.education B.space C.advice D.food
（4）A.with B.at C.on D.for
（5）A tasted B.bought C.kept D.found
（6）A.but B.so C.if D.because
（7）A.disliked B.forgot C.refused D.started
（8）A.offer B.give C.provide D.pass
（9）A.hardly B.finally C.yet D.never
（10）A.came B.went C.brought D.took
（11）A.tried on B.cared about C.worked out D.cared for
（12）A.passengers B.neighbors C.reporters D.members
（13）A.volunteering B.cooking C.teaching D.shopping
（14）A.joke B.name C.sign D.book
（15）A remember B.discuss C.understand D.celebrate
三、语法填空
Have you ever heard of friendships among animals At a zoo in Germany,（1）_____ unusual friendship developed between a cat and a bear.
No one is quite sure how the friendship first （2） (begin).One day, some workers in the zoo noticed a black cat was in the bear's cage（笼子）,and the two animals were（3）_____ (play) together peacefully. They were surprised how well the small cat seemed to get（4）____ with the large bear.The bear keeper allowed the cat（5） (stay) with the bear.And later the pair and their unusual friendship became a hot topic at the zoo.
After several years, a new cage was built for the bear.（6） , the cat was still in the same cage, so it walked around（7） （angry）and cried to be with the bear.The bear keeper finally took pity on（8） let it stay with the bear.The cat and the bear got（9）_ (close) than before.They often sat together and shared meals in the sun.
Sometimes it may be natural for animals to have（10） (they) own ideas about who would make a good friend. These may surprise humans, who usually expect animals to form relationships with others of the same species.
