北京市石景山区三年(2020-2022)高三一模分题型分层汇编-01语法填空(含答案)

北京市石景山区三年(2020-2022)高三一模分题型分层汇编-01语法填空
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
(2020·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I gave a dress to my granddaughter Anne for her birthday. With a pause at the dress, she smiled lovingly at me and ___1___ (tell) me it was beautiful. I was happy that she liked it. One day, passing Anne’s bedroom, I heard her talking___2___the phone. “My grandma gave me this very pink dress,” she said. “I really appreciate it, but who wears pink these days ” I stood there in awkward silence. Then I walked away, ___3___ (pretend) not to have heard anything.
(2020·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The World Health Organization has said the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) does not spread as ___4___ (effective) as flu. As the WHO gathers more data, the organization understands more about the novel coronavirus, ___5___ causes more severe disease than seasonal flu. At the moment, there is no specific treatment for the new virus. Globally, about 3.4 percent of people with reported COVID-19 cases have died. In comparison, seasonal flu generally kills far ___6___ (few) than 1 percent of those infected (感染).
(2020·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As we live in social groups, there ___7___ (be) many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser, and more ___8___ (satisfy) humans. It should be pointed that ___9___ (enjoy) the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. So friends should be carefully chosen ____10____ relationships should be well developed.
(2021·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Once it snowed, I netted a bird. ____11____ (hold) it in my hands, I felt very excited. My father saw it and said he could turn this black bird into a colorful one. I didn’t believe ____12____he said but decided to give it a go. I opened my hands and saw that the bird was edged with the color of the sunshine when it ____13____ (fly) in the sky freely. My father said no matter how beautiful a bird was, it would turn black when it was grasped in our hands and lost freedom.
(2021·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China has achieved a total victory in lifting the whole nation out of poverty(贫困). The poverty relief policy was put forward in November 2013. ____14____ (finish) this task, about 800,000 officials have been sent to work at local levels. In the past 8 years, China ___15___(lift) 98.99 million poor rural ____16____ (resident) - a population larger than all but a few countries - out of poverty under the current poverty line.
(2021·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Known as a famous social media influencer, Pamela shares her interests on social media platforms with her followers and has ____17____ (quick) grown her international following. She once ____18____ (say) in a lecture, “Sometimes in life, you are in the right place at the right time and you have a chance. If you don’t take the chance at this particular moment, it____19____ (go) forever.” Pamela is an inspiration for young women ____20____ want to achieve their goals by working hard.
(2022·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
“It’s so cute!” “I want one!” Since such posts spread on social media, the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics mascot Bing Dwen Dwen ____21____ (become) a star across the globe. The lovable panda wears a full-body “shell” ____22____ (make) out of ice, which looks like an astronaut suit. With the popularity of the Olympic mascot, it has served ____23____ an ambassador for winter sports, bringing joy to those ____24____ participated in and watched the Olympic Winter Games.
(2022·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Usually, joy and happiness ____25____ (understand) to be the same thing. In fact, they’re very different. Joy is an emotion that occurs within us when we develop an appreciation or thankfulness for the contents of life, such as nature, ____26____ (free), relationships with people, or through having faith in something ____27____ (large) than ourselves. Happiness is an emotion that is aroused in us when we buy a new car or get a promotion at work. It depends on our circumstances satisfying our desires.
(2022·北京石景山·统考一模)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The economic achievements of the Tang Dynasty promoted the development of Chinese medicine. The Tang government ____28____ (take) the lead in completing the editing work of the world’s first herbal medicine book, Tang Bencao. The book ____29____ (contain) 850 kinds of drugs and a drug map, further ____30____ (improve) the scale of Chinese medicine.
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参考答案:
1.told 2.on 3.pretending
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者送给她孙女一件粉色裙子后,她孙女假装喜欢。但却又在电话上抱怨说现在还有谁会穿粉色裙子。
1.考查时态。句意:看到那件衣服她停顿了一下,亲切地对我笑了笑,说那衣服很漂亮。并列连词and到me这个句中除了tell外,无其余动词。故这空格要填时态。又因为tell和逻辑主语之间表示主动,且整篇整体时态为一般过去时。故填told。
2.考查介词。句意:一天,我经过安妮的卧室,听见她在打电话。 on the phone为“在打电话”。是固定短语。故填on。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:然后我走开了,假装没有听到什么。分析句子,pretend所处的分句无主语,故填非谓语。又因pretend和逻辑主语 I 之间表示主动。故填pretending。
4.effectively 5.which 6.fewer
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述WHO对新冠肺炎的认识以及新冠肺炎和普通流感的不同。
4.考查副词。句意:世界卫生组织表示,新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)的传播不像流感那样有效。分析句子,effective(有效的)是形容词。不能修饰动词spread 。要用副词修饰动词spread。故填effectively。
5.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:随着世卫组织收集的数据越来越多,该组织对新型冠状病毒的了解也越来越多,这种病毒比季节性流感更能引发严重的疾病。分析句子,划线部分充当了主语,故此处填引导词。划线前面有“逗号”说明后面的从句为非限制性定语从句。在非限中,先行词(the novel coronavirus)指物。故填which。
6.考查比较级。句意:相比之下,季节性流感通常导致不到1%的感染者死亡。分析句子,划线后面的than是形容词或副词比较级的提示词。故填fewer。
7.are 8.satisfied 9.enjoying 10.and
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章告诉了我们亲密友情的特征,以及亲密友情的作用。
7.考查主谓一致。句意:由于我们生活在社会群体中,我们可以享受友谊的许多好处。分析句子,there be 译为“某处有某物”。be 动词的确定根据“就近原则”。此处be后面的名词“benefits”用了名词的复数。故be也用复数。又因文章时态是一般现在时。故填are。
8.考查形容词。句意:通过友谊,我们可以成为更快乐,更聪明,更满足的人。分析句子,此处需将satisfy改为形容词修饰后面的名词humans。故填satisfied。
9.考查非谓语。句意:需要指出的是,享受一群人的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。分析句子,从句部分无主语,故该处需填非谓语动词。又因此处需做主语。非谓语动词中的动名词可做主语,且表示主动。故填enjoying。
10.考查连词。句意:所以应该慎重选择朋友,应该培养良好的朋友关系。分析句子,此处需填入连词,连接划线前后的句子。分析句意,此处应填“并且”之意的连词。故填and。
11.Holding 12.what 13.was flying
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述作者抓住一只鸟并在父亲的劝说下将它放飞的故事。
11.考查非谓语动词。句意:把它握在手里,我感到很兴奋。句中逻辑主语I与hold之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填Holding。
12.考查名词性从句。句意:我不相信他说的话,但决定试一试。分句句子可知,本句为宾语从句,从句said缺少宾语,指物,所以用连接词what。故填what。
13.考查时态。句意:我张开双手,看见那鸟儿在天空中自由地飞翔,四周镶着太阳的颜色。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。根据句意可知,表示“鸟正在自由飞翔的时候”,所以用过去进行时,表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。故填was flying。
14.To finish 15.has lifted 16.residents
【分析】本文是新闻报道。介绍中国已经成功地彻底帮助全国摆脱贫困。扶贫政策于2013年11月提出,大量的官员被派往地方工作,成功帮助贫困人口脱贫。
14.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了完成这个任务,大约80万名官员已被派往地方各级工作。分析句子可知,finish此处为目的状语,不定式形式作目的状语,置句首单词首字母大写,故填To finish。
15.考查动词时态。句意:在过去的8年里,中国已经消除了9899万贫困农村人口,按照当前的贫困线脱离贫困的人口比除了少数国家外的大部分国家都要多。由时间状语In the past 8 years可知,用现在完成时,主语是单数,故填has lifted。
16.考查名词。句意同上。resident“居民”是可数名词,由98.99 million修饰,用复数,故填residents。
17.quickly 18.said 19.will be gone/##will go 20.who##that
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帕梅拉是著名的社交媒体影响者,她鼓舞了那些想通过努力工作实现目标的年轻女性。
17.考查副词。句意:帕梅拉是著名的社交媒体影响者,她在社交媒体平台上与粉丝分享自己的兴趣,并迅速拥有了国际粉丝。修饰动词grown,用副词形式。故填quickly。
18.考查时态。句意:她曾在一次演讲中说:“生活中,有时你在正确的时间出现在正确的地方,你有机会。如果你在这个特定的时刻不抓住这个机会,它就会永远消失。”根据once可知,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填said。
19.考查时态。句意:她曾在一次演讲中说:“生活中,有时你在正确的时间出现在正确的地方,你有机会。如果你在这个特定的时刻不抓住这个机会,它就会永远消失。”if的条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时,主语用将来时。句中用动词go作谓语或形容词gone作表语。故填will be gone/ will go。
20.考查定语从句。句意:帕梅拉鼓舞了那些想通过努力工作实现目标的年轻女性。句中先行词为young women,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
21.has become 22.made 23.as 24.who
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,描述了2022北京冬奥会吉祥物冰墩墩在全球走红的现象。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意:自从这些帖子在社交媒体上传播后,2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物冰墩墩成为了全球的明星。此处缺乏谓语,根据Since such posts spread on social media可知,本句为现在完成时,主语Bing Dwen Dwen为单数形式,谓语单数形式。故填has become。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:这只可爱的熊猫全身都穿着冰做的“壳”,看起来像宇航服。本句已有谓语wears且无连词,make用非谓语形式,空处修饰名词shell作定语,shell与make之间构成被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
3.考查介词。句意:随着奥运会吉祥物的流行,它已经成为冬季运动的大使,给那些参加和观看冬季奥运会的人带来欢乐。分析句子可知,serve as意思为:担任……,空处缺少介词as。故填as。
4.考查定语从句。句意:随着奥运会吉祥物的流行,它已经成为冬季运动的大使,给那些参加和观看冬季奥运会的人带来欢乐。分析句子可知,  4   participated in and watched the Olympic Winter Games为定语从句,修饰先行词those,先行词作从句的主语,指代人,用关系代词who。故填who。
25.are understood 26.freedom 27.larger
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了快乐和幸福的区别。
25.考查动词时态和语态。句意:通常,快乐和幸福被理解为同一件事。分析句子可知,空处缺少句子的谓语,joy and happiness为两个主语,与understand构成逻辑上的被动关系,且根据Usually及句意可知,本句用一般现在时的被动语态。故填:are understood。
26.考查名词。句意:当我们对生活的内容(如自然、自由、人际关系)心存感激或对比我们自身更大的事物有信心时,快乐就会在我们内心产生。分析句子可知,空处与nature,relationships并列,用名词。free对应的名词为freedom,此处为不可数名词。故填:freedom。
27.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。分析空处可知,修饰不定代词something,放在其后用形容词,且根据空后的than可知,此处用large的比较级larger。故填:larger。
28.took 29.contains 30.improving
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了唐朝中医药的发展和《唐本草》这本书的内容和意义。
28.考查动词时态。句意:唐朝政府率先完成了世界上第一本中草药书《唐本草》的编辑工作。根据句意可知,本句描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,take the lead固定短语,译为:率先、领先,此处take用过去式took。故填:took。
29.考查动词时态。句意:该书收录了850种药物和一张药物地图,进一步提高了中医药的规模。 空处作句子的谓语,且表示客观事实,用一般现在时,主语book为单数。故填:contains。
30.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处作句子的状语,且表示主动关系,用现在分词improving(提高)作结果状语。故填:improving。
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